Chapter 4, Section 3
Persia Attacks the Greeks
(Pages 131–137)
Setting a Purpose for Reading Think about these questions as you read:
• How did the Persian Empire bring together such a wide area?
• What role did Athens and Sparta play in defeating the Persians?
As you read pages 132–137 in your textbook, complete this graphic organizer
listing the accomplishments of Cyrus, Darius, and Xerxes.
Ruler
Cyrus
Accomplishments
Darius
Xerxes
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Chapter 4, Section 3
The Persian Empire
(pages 132–133)
Complete this outline as you read.
I. The Rise of the Persian Empire
A. __________________________________________________________
B. __________________________________________________________
II. What Was Persian Government Like?
A. __________________________________________________________
B. __________________________________________________________
III. The Persian Religion
A. __________________________________________________________
B. __________________________________________________________
Define or describe the following terms from this lesson.
satrapies
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satrap
Zoroastrianism
Explain why this person is important.
Cyrus
the Great
Chapter 4, Section 3
79
Define these academic vocabulary words from this lesson.
vision
dominate
Use each of these terms that you studied earlier in a sentence that reflects the term’s meaning.
nomad
(Chapter 1, Section 1)
empire
(Chapter 1, Section 2)
Why did Darius create satrapies?
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80
Chapter 4, Section 3
The Persian Wars
(pages 134–137)
As you read, number the following events in the correct
order.
1.
Greek army crushed the Persian army at Plataea
2.
Persian fleet landed 20,000 soldiers on the plain of Marathon
3.
Athenian army helped the Greeks in Asia Minor rebel against
Persian rulers
4.
Xerxes launches invasion of Greece
5.
Alexander invades the Persian Empire
6.
Darius dies
Briefly describe the following places.
Marathon
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Thermopylae
Salamis
Plataea
Explain why each of these people is important.
Xerxes
Themistocles
Chapter 4, Section 3
81
Define this academic vocabulary word from this lesson.
internal
What led to the Persian Wars?
Now that you have read the section, write the answers to
the questions that were included in Setting a Purpose for
Reading at the beginning of the lesson.
How did the Persian Empire bring together such a wide area?
82
Chapter 4, Section 3
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
What role did Athens and Sparta play in defeating the Persians?
Name
Class
Date
VOCABULARY ACTIVITY 4-3
Persia Attacks the Greeks: Words to Know
Building Academic Vocabulary
Directions: Study the definitions and examples of the academic vocabulary below. Then complete the activity that follows.
dominate, verb, to rule or to control
Example: King Darius depended on his army
to dominate the areas they conquered.
strategy (plural, strategies), noun, a plan
or method designed to achieve a goal
Example: The Persians used a waiting
strategy at Marathon.
region, noun, a physical area that shares
common features, such as a common
geography or culture
Example: The Persians controlled the
Mediterranean Sea region.
Directions: Fill in each blank below with the word that best completes
the sentence. You will use words from the academic vocabulary above
and words from the box below. Words may be used more than once.
satrapies
satrap
Zoroastrianism
King Darius used a (1)
to strengthen the Persian
one was ruled by a (3)
To (4)
. Each
.
the kingdom, Darius needed a good system
of communication. One (5)
to improve communication
was to build a Royal Road. This made it easier for people to move through-
SECTION 4-3
out the empire. The Royal Road stretched from the (6)
of Asia Minor to the Persian capital of Susa.
Religion was part of Persian life. (7)
, the Persian
religion, recognized that both good and evil existed in the world. Like the
Jews, they believed there was one supreme being who created all things.
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government. He divided his kingdom into 20 (2)
Name
Date
Class
GUIDED READING ACTIVITY 4-3
Persia Attacks the Greeks
Directions: Answering Questions Reading the section and completing
the questions below will help you learn about the Persian Empire. Refer
to your textbook to answer the questions.
1. What country today contains the land that was called Persia?
2. Which ruler united the Persians into a powerful kingdom?
3. How did Cyrus treat his subjects?
4. What countries and regions became part of the Persian Empire?
5. How did Darius improve the Persian government?
7. Why were the Greeks able to defeat the Persians on the plain of
Marathon?
8. When Xerxes invaded Greece, what two city-states joined forces?
SECTION 4-3
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
6. What was the Persian religion called?
9. How did the Battle of Thermopylae help Athens, even though the
Greeks lost?
10. Why was the Battle of Plataea a turning point for the Greeks?
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