A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of
Department of Justice
Classified Subject Files on
Civil Rights, 1914–1949
A UPA Collection
from
Black Studies Research Sources
Microfilms from Major Archival and Manuscript Collections
Department of Justice
Classified Subject Files
on Civil Rights, 1914–1949
Project Coordinator
Christian James
Guide compiled by
Todd Michael Porter
A UPA Collection from
7500 Old Georgetown Road • Bethesda, MD 20814
20814-6126
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Department of Justice classified subject files on civil rights, 1914–1949 [microform] / project
coordinator, Christian James.
microfilm reels; 35 mm. (Black studies research sources)
Summary: Reproduces documents from among the records of the U.S. Department of Justice in
the custody of the National Archives. A large portion of the collection consists of letters from
individual citizens and organizations regarding lynching. Many of the letters are to President
Franklin D. Roosevelt and also to Presidents Wilson and Hoover asking them to do something
about lynching in the South. Other topics covered in the collection include discrimination in the
criminal justice system, voting rights, and employment discrimination.
Accompanied by a printed guide compiled by Todd Michael Porter, entitled: A guide to the
microfilm edition of Department of Justice classified subject files on civil rights, 1914–1949.
ISBN 978-0-88692-765-3
1. African Americans—Civil rights—History—Sources. 2. African Americans—Violence
against—History—Sources. 3. Lynching—Southern States—History—Sources. 4. Racism—
United States—History—20th century—Sources. 5. United States—Race relations—History—
20th century—Sources. I. James, Christian. II. Porter, Todd Michael, 1976– III. United States.
Dept. of Justice. IV. University Publications of America (Firm).
E185.61
323.1196'073009041—dc22
2007061490
CIP
Copyright © 2007 LexisNexis,
a division of Reed Elsevier Inc.
All rights reserved.
ISBN 0-88692-765-3.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Scope and Content Note ................................................................................................. v
Source Note ..................................................................................................................... xi
Editorial Note ................................................................................................................. xi
Abbreviations ............................................................................................................... xiii
Reel Index
Reel 1
October 1911–December 1923 and February 1930–November 1933 .................... 1
Reel 2
January 1924–February 1934.................................................................................. 3
Reel 3
December 1933–August 1934................................................................................. 4
Reel 4
August 1934–January 5, 1935................................................................................. 5
Reel 5
January 6–13, 1935 ................................................................................................. 6
Reel 6
January 15–February 27, 1935................................................................................ 7
Reel 7
February 28, 1935–April 1937................................................................................ 8
Reel 8
April 1937–September 1940 ................................................................................. 10
Reel 9
October 1919–November 1921 and January 1940–August 1941 ......................... 11
Reel 10
November 1919–August 1941 .............................................................................. 12
Reel 11
October 1921 and November 1936–December 1937............................................ 14
iii
Reel 12
January 1–February 11, 1938................................................................................ 15
Reel 13
February 12–December 1938................................................................................ 16
Reel 14
January 1939–February 26, 1940.......................................................................... 16
Reel 15
February 26–October 1, 1940 ............................................................................... 17
Reel 16
January 1922–April 1938...................................................................................... 18
Reel 17
December 2, 1933–July 4, 1934 ........................................................................... 21
Reel 18
April 13, 1934–November 18, 1935 ..................................................................... 22
Reel 19
March 1932–March 1938...................................................................................... 23
Principal Correspondents Index .................................................................................. 25
Subject Index ................................................................................................................. 35
iv
SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTE
In October 1943, Ileane Warde of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, composed a four-page
letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt (Reel 7, Frames 0230–0233). Despite the war
raging throughout the world, she had more pressing issues to discuss. “Please,” she
asked, “won’t you do something about the niggers?” Explaining that she was a member
of the “poorer class,” she revealed the source of her concern: “the coons are getting
unbearable,” she explained, and “it isn’t safe fore [sic] a white person to go out any more.
Coons go after white girls, molest [and] try to flirt with them; others grab white women,
take [them] up dark alleys beat them unmercifully, criminally attack them, tear their
clothes off their back and leave them half dead.” Expressing a fear shared by many white
citizens, she foretold the overthrow of the white population, warning that before long the
“neggers will far outnumber us, and therefor take advantage of us. After [a] while they’ll
rule this country then good bye us; for they’re in the same class as Jap; the lower class are
just as uncivilized as Japs [sic].”
Ileane Ward was not the only concerned citizen to petition the president. Five years
earlier, in February 1938, Mrs. Viola West of White Plains, New York, had protested
eloquently on behalf of colored folk against racial discrimination (Reel 13, Frames 0687–
0690). “This thing,” she wrote, referring to the practice of lynching, “is as a black cloud
hanging over our race where ever we go we see it, we hear it, we feel it deep down into
the very depths of our souls.” She too confessed that when she peered into the future, she
“shuddered with the fear of uncertainty,” though for very different reasons than Ileane
Ward. She asked the president beseechingly: “Can you realize yourself what these things
are doing to the colored race of America? If we cannot look to the government of which
we are subjected for protection where or to whom can we turn?”
This collection of Department of Justice files on civil rights offers a glimpse into the
minds of ordinary men and women, both black and white, in the first half of the twentieth
century. Ranging from 1911 until 1943, the documents center broadly on the practice of
lynching and specifically upon the thousands of letters written to protest this form of
extralegal “punishment.” The core of the collection consists of two bundles of letters to
the president, covering 1911–1941 (Reels 1–10) and 1921–1940 (Reels 10–15).
Interspersed with the letters are clusters of documents on a variety of related topics: race
riots, lynching investigations, press reports and meeting records from the National
Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), personal letters of
complaint and requests for assistance, and newspaper clippings and memorandums
concerning antilynching bills.
Because the numerical designations used by the Department of Justice are fairly
obscure, a few comments are in order. This collection contains all files from the archives
marked with the heading 158260. Subheadings were used to gather together related
documents, but generally do not convey useful information about the subjects within each
designation. In this collection, the designations 158260 (no subheading) and 158260-10
v
(subheading 10) correspond to the two lengthy series of letters to the president mentioned
above; 158260-46 deals with the case of the Scottsboro Boys (see below), 158260-58
concerns the lynching of Claude Neal, and other subheadings from 158260-1 through
158260-61 pertain to documents on miscellaneous subjects such as race riots, lynchings,
or civil rights violations. Certain subheadings were apparently used by the Department of
Justice for defined topics (1, 2, and 8 for race riots, for example), though with no
discernible rhyme or reason.
The primary focus of this collection is the mountain of letters written to the president
to complain about lynchings or to seek support for federal antilynching legislation. Most
of these letters were written during the 1930s and early 1940s, but some date from as far
back as 1911 (see Reels 1, 2, and 10). Roosevelt, who served from 1933 to 1945, is thus a
central figure in this collection, though he is primarily a silent actor, a distant symbol to
whom ordinary citizens could address their complaints and pleas. Roosevelt was
bombarded during his presidency with thousands of letters written by a wide variety of
individuals and organizations, both black, white, and mixed: Elks, Masons, fraternities,
college societies, labor groups, agricultural societies, local branches of the Young
Women’s and Young Men’s Christian Association (YWCA and YMCA), state
legislatures, city assemblies, lawyers, church congregations, the NAACP, and even the
Communist Party of America fired off letters to the architect of the New Deal. These
letters take up virtually the entire collection, although some reels contain additional
documents pertaining to the various antilynching bills that wound slowly through
Congress in the 1920s and 1930s.
More than half the collection deals with letters concerning attempts to pass federal
antilynching legislation. The first bill to appear was the Dyer Bill, which was submitted
to Congress in 1918; it passed the House of Representatives in 1922, only to die soon
thereafter in a Senate filibuster. This pattern was repeated in the 1930s, when the
Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill (1934–1935) and offshoots were passed by the
House and then suffocated in the Senate. These failures were not for lack of vocal public
support: a major campaign was mounted in support of the Costigan-Wagner Bill, led by
such organizations as the YWCA and NAACP but also backed by hundreds of other
organizations and individuals. The campaign picked up steam in the second half of 1934,
after Congress adjourned without voting on the bill, and was driven forward by
particularly heinous lynchings, such as that of 23-year-old Claude Neal in Marianna,
Florida. In addition to personalized letters, the collection contains form letters (see
below), both typed and handwritten, as well as mass petitions with hundreds or even
thousands of names affixed.
Despite the correspondence sent his way, Roosevelt refused to support the CostiganWagner Bill publicly, fearing that it would cost him Democratic votes in the South and
lead to defeat in the 1936 presidential election. This was a valid fear: white southern
voters abandoned the Democratic Party in the 1960s after passage of the civil rights laws,
leading to the Republican Party’s rise in the South. Roosevelt’s reticence—apart from a
few isolated pronouncements against lynching—allowed southern senators impunity to
filibuster the Costigan-Wagner Bill and its offshoots. Since lawmakers were reluctant to
express their opposition in overtly racist terms, criticism came to center on the issue of
whether antilynching legislation was an intrusive “northern” attack on southern states.
Even senators who sympathized with the victims of lynching refused to support the bills,
vi
fearing that federal legislation would do more harm than good by stirring up southern
hatred of the North as well as by potentially reinvigorating a practice that was, by many
indications, already in decline. Roosevelt, for his part, was reproached by a number of
correspondents for his “silence,” with some pointing out the inconsistency in his
willingness to speak against the Nazi persecution of Jews while refusing to lend his
authority to the fight against lynching.
Antilynching sentiments addressed to the president came in two basic varieties:
personal letters and form letters. Personal letters abound from correspondents of all races,
beseeching the president to use his influence to intercede on behalf of the stalled
antilynching legislation. Taken together, these letters provide a good cross-section of
sentiment about race in the 1920s and 1930s, suggesting just how difficult it was to make
positive inroads in eradicating racism. Black correspondents often pleaded with the
president for assistance in particular matters, including unjust convictions, racial
harassment, housing evictions, employment discrimination, and even murder. Lizzie
Montgomery, for example, reported that after she had been raped by a white man, she
was warned that she would be killed if she reported the crime. Although she was well
aware that she would never benefit from “equal rights like a white lady could,” she was
hopeful that the president would intercede and help her “hold up my princepel [sic]”
(Reel 3, Frames 0219–0223).
Other letters were written in response to particular lynchings. Two cases that aroused
unusual indignation were the lynchings of George Armwood in Maryland and Claude
Neal in Florida. Armwood was implausibly accused of raping an 81-year-old white
woman, while Neal was brutally tortured over a period of several hours prior to his
hanging. But it was the conviction of nine black teenagers in Scottsboro, Alabama, that
aroused the most outrage, judging by the flood of letters sent to Roosevelt in 1933–1936
(see Reels 16–18). The “Scottsboro Boys” were accused of assaulting two white women
on a train, despite strong evidence to the contrary. Their case was championed by the
International Labor Defense (ILD), the legal branch of the Communist Party of America,
which oversaw the mass production of letters, postcards, and resolutions calling for the
boys’ release. Although the boys spent long years in prison, death sentences against two
of the defendants were finally overturned, and all nine were eventually pardoned or
paroled. This outcome, however, was not due to any action on the part of President
Roosevelt, who at one point refused to meet with a 25-person delegation to discuss the
case (see Reel 18, Frame 0654–0655).
Other black writers complained about lynching as a general phenomenon. W. B.
Chambers, for example, castigated the government for failing to pass federal antilynching
laws (Reel 4, Frames 0090–0092), informing the president that “this matter of lynching
must be a foul stench in your nostrils as it is [in] mine.” He laid out his views in dark
terms: “Visualize a drunken mob of gloating men, women, and children, members of a
supposedly superior race torturing one lone helpless black victim. If this unholy spectacle
is not enough to cause Federal action and legislation, what in God’s name is?” Caroline
E. Nichols, a “young negro woman,” plaintively asked Roosevelt not to be “prejudised
against us, because we are humans just like you.” She begged for the president’s help in
passing the Costigan-Wagner bill, writing that a “word from you to Congress is all I ask”
(Reel 6, Frame 0253).
vii
Not all writers were opposed to lynching; some whites championed it in blunt terms,
mostly on the grounds that blacks lusted after white women and that they were lazy and
fit only to be servants. A 90-year-old white woman offered a simple solution to the
problem of lynching, stating that the “Negro can more easily stop lynching than any law
can—teach them that he must keep his hands off white ladies” (Reel 4, Frame 0111).
Another writer suggested that blacks either be settled onto reservations “as it was done
for Indians,” or better yet, sterilized “as Hitler h[as] just done in Germany.” At any rate,
he declared, “Negros are the real black menace calling for immediate attention,” for they
were “lazy, indolent, noicy, spity, arrogantly indecents and cynically criminals and will
never change [sic]” (Reel 7, Frame 0165). While less vitriolic, Agnes Doty Smith of
Charleston, South Carolina, was equally in favor of lynching, writing that “we have
always treated the negro kindly and given him what he needs, but social equality never.
The negro was made only for a servant, and he is even poor at that” (Reel 12, Frame
0321). The extent of the challenge facing antilynching campaigners was laid bare in 1935
in the aftermath of the lynching of two boys, Ernest Collins and Benny Mitchell, in
Columbus, Texas. Although H. P. Hahn, a local judge, insisted that he was “strongly
opposed to mob violence,” he sympathized with the mob’s fury over the fact that the boys
were underage, and hence ineligible for the death penalty. “The fact that the Negroes who
so brutally murdered Miss Kollman could not be adequately punished by law because of
their ages,” he remarked, “prevents me from condemning those citizens who meted
justice to the ravishing murderers last night” (Reel 7, Frame 0644). The two boys, it
should be noted, had only been charged with murder, and not yet tried or convicted.
Equally impressive are the masses of form letters that populate this collection. Local
groups often coordinated letter-writing campaigns in the hopes of convincing President
Roosevelt to support antilynching legislation. One example was the town of Greenville,
Illinois, which printed off dozens of note cards with a simple statement in favor of the
Costigan-Wagner Bill, each attesting that the writer was a “white native born citizen of
America” (Reel 6, Frames 0095+). The members of the North Side YWCA of Omaha,
Nebraska, likewise sent in more than fifty identical letters (Frame 7, Reel 0348+). But the
most bizarre example came from the followers of Father Divine, a charismatic leader in
New York who claimed to be God. Reels 14–15 contain hundreds of letters from early
1940, all marked with the word “Peace” at the top; a number include the formula
“A.D.F.D.” after the date, which presumably stands for “Anno Domini Father Divine.”
Most of these letters are signed with fake names such as “Peaceful Love,” “Faith
Victory,” “Holy Quietness,” “Happy Smile,” “John the Baptist, “H[oly] V[irgin] Mary,”
and “Sweet Determination.” The group used at least four different form letters, along
with a few longer, less formulaic offerings: one seven-page typewritten letter (Reel 15,
Frames 0450–0456) from a follower of Father Divine was signed “Rebekah Well,” an
apparent reference to the story of Rebekah at the well in Genesis 24. Atypical as these
correspondents may have been in their religious beliefs, they were scarcely alone in the
hope that Roosevelt would play a positive role in the fight against lynching. In this they
were disappointed; it was the course of time, and not presidential support, that led to the
end of lynching in the United States.
Information on these and other topics can be found by consulting the Subject Index
and Principal Correspondents Index at the back of this guide, or by browsing through the
Reel Index. Since the entire collection deals with both lynching and black Americans,
viii
these two subjects are only indexed in connection with specific secondary topics. For the
primary term “lynching,” secondary topics include specific people or locations involved
in lynchings, but not references to general letters of complaint, since these recur
throughout the collection. For “black Americans,” secondary topics include such issues
as voting rights, employment discrimination, and individual organizations, but it should
be noted that blacks appear repeatedly throughout the collection, from prominent figures
such as Thurgood Marshall and Walter White, to humble, semi-literate correspondents.
Other collections from LexisNexis that may be of interest include The Documentary
History of the Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidency, Vol. 11: FDR and Protection from
Lynching, 1934–1945; New Deal Agencies and Black America; The Peonage Files of the
U.S. Department of Justice, 1901–1945; Federal Surveillance of Afroamericans (1917–
1925): The First World War, the Red Scare, and the Garvey Movement; and separate
volumes on Civil Rights During the Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, and Carter
Administrations.
ix
SOURCE NOTE
This microform publication consists of documents from Record Group 60 of the
Department of Justice General Records, Entry 112-B, Straight Numerical Files, #158260,
preserved in boxes 1276–1293 at the National Archives and Records Administration in
College Park, Maryland.
EDITORIAL NOTE
For this microform publication, LexisNexis has microfilmed all documents in boxes
1276–1293 in the order in which they are arranged at the National Archives.
xi
ABBREVIATIONS
The following abbreviations are used three or more times in this guide.
FDR
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
ILD
International Labor Defense
KKK
Ku Klux Klan
NAACP
National Association for the Advancement of Colored
People
YMCA
Young Men’s Christian Association
YWCA
Young Women’s Christian Association
xiii
REEL INDEX
The following is a listing of the files and items composing Department of Justice Classified
Subject Files on Civil Rights, 1914–1949. The four-digit number on the far left is the frame at
which a particular file folder begins. This is followed by the folder title or a general description
of the folder contents. Major topics are listed below the folder title, followed by a list of principal
correspondents and authors. Terms are listed in the order in which they occur, and each term is
listed only once per folder.
Reel 1
Frame No.
0001
158260, Section 1 #1, December 1917–May 1919.
Major Topics: NAACP; protests against lynchings in Mississippi, North Carolina, and
Texas; forced labor of black women; use of German in religious services;
complaints about pro-German Jews in San Francisco, Calif.; Woodrow Wilson
denunciation of mob lynchings; League of American Patriots; mob violence
perpetrated by Citizens Patriotic League of Covington, Ky.
Principal Correspondents: John R. Shillady; Henry Lincoln; John Lord O’Brien;
Thomas D. Slattery.
0127
158260, Section 1 #2, March 1912–December 1917.
Major Topics: Protests against lynchings, mob violence, and harassment of blacks;
United Civic League “Declaration of Principles”; voting rights in North Carolina;
Fourteenth Amendment; selection of blacks for jury duty in Texas; NAACP
circular concerning lynching cases.
Principal Correspondents: Douglas Tucker; Marshall Smith; W. R. Harr.
0218
158260, Section 1 #3, October 1911–March 1912 and August–September 1919.
Major Topics: Protests against lynchings and mob violence; interference with postal
service for Matt Allen; Fifteenth Amendment; NAACP resolutions against
lynching.
Principal Correspondents: James M. Smith; C. P. Covington; W. R. Harr; Hasting
Howard.
0276
158260, Section 2 #1, August 1919–June 1921.
Major Topics: Protests against lynchings and mob violence; Associated Negro Press;
requests that Warren G. Harding support passage of federal antilynching
legislation; petition against organization of KKK in Athens, Ga.; Camps Normal
1
Frame No.
Industrial Institute; Library of Congress bibliography on civil rights; Hodges v.
United States; violence against former black veterans in Omaha, Nebr.; Bolton
Smith pamphlet “A Philosophy of Race Relations” concerning benefits for blacks
of racial segregation.
Principal Correspondents: Robert P. Stewart; Guy Wilson Hackley; J. E. Boyd;
Theodore Hawkins; Arthur A. Schomburg; James A. Ray; Bolton Smith.
0422
158260, Section 2 #2, June–July 1919.
Major Topics: Requests that Warren G. Harding support passage of federal
antilynching legislation; violence against black soldiers; protests against
lynchings and mob violence; NAACP request for congressional lynching
investigation; New York Masons opposition to mob law; Will Moore lynching in
Mississippi.
Principal Correspondents: Robert P. Stewart; C. Theo Lundquiste; Arthur A.
Schomburg.
0468
158260, Section 3 #1, January 1922–December 1923.
Major Topics: Requests that Warren G. Harding support Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill;
Quakers; protests against lynchings and mob violence; lynchings in Kirvin, Tex.;
Charles Atkins burning at the stake in Davisboro, Ga.; KKK.
Principal Correspondents: W. D. Johnson; John W. H. Crim; Fannie Miller; Philip
M. Lawson.
0588
158260, Section 3 #2, July 1921–January 1922.
Major Topics: Requests that Warren G. Harding support Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill;
NAACP; Republican Party; protests against lynchings and mob violence.
Principal Correspondents: John W. H. Crim; John Taylor.
0670
158260, Section 3 #3, June–July 1921.
Major Topics: Republican Interstate League defense of federal antilynching
legislation; Guy D. Goff appearance before House of Representatives Committee
on the Judiciary concerning constitutionality of federal antilynching law.
Principal Correspondents: Charley Walker; H. A. Clarke.
0717
158260, Section 6, August–November 1933.
Major Topic: Lynching of Dan Pippen Jr., A. T. Harden, and Elmore Clarke in
Tuscaloosa, Ala., Norris F. Dendy in Clinton, S.C., J. H. Wilkins in Locust Grove,
Ga., and George Armwood in Maryland.
Principal Correspondent: William L. Patterson.
0767
158260, Section 5, February 1930–November 1933.
Major Topics: Lynching of Dan Pippen Jr., A. T. Harden, and Elmore Clarke in
Tuscaloosa, Ala.; International Juridical Association; National Scottsboro Action
Committee proposal for Negro Rights Bill; ILD pamphlet concerning Scottsboro
Boys case in Alabama; protests against lynchings and mob violence; Adeline
Carlton v. Southern Railway Company; Union of American Hebrew
2
Frame No.
Congregations resolution against lynching; Roger Crum and Wilhemena Kiser
complaints of persecution; J. J. Tullis murder in Bakersfield, Calif.
Principal Correspondents: Frank C. Lyons; Corinne Lee Banks; Charles M. Thomas;
John Taylor; J. T. Bey; John B. Isbell; Nugent Dodds; W. A. Denson; Dorothy
North; Edward B. Rembert; John H. Simpkins; C. Dearman; Roger Crum.
Reel 2
0002
158260, Section 5, August–November 1933.
Major Topics: ILD denunciation of FDR inaction on lynching; demand for Maryland
Governor Albert C. Ritchie impeachment for failure to prevent Euel Lee and
George Armwood lynchings; Baptist Ministers Conference; requests that FDR
support federal antilynching legislation; Howard University Student Council;
Scottsboro Boys case; ILD murder charges against Tuscaloosa, Ala., officials for
Dan Pippen Jr. and A. T. Harden lynchings.
Principal Correspondents: Abram B. Hell; Grace Miller; Horace R. Clayton; Walter
F. White; George H. Smith; W. I. Bland; Ceola Johnson; William L. Patterson;
Hattie G. Reavis; Elizabeth Tolliver; Thomas E. Knight Jr.
0275
158260, Section 4 [#2], January 1924–October 1929.
Major Topics: Complaints of harassment and mistreatment of blacks; request that
Herbert Hoover stop lynchings; police brutality in Washington, D.C., and
Wichita, Kans.; Association of Negro Radicals activities in Chattanooga, Tenn.;
request that Calvin Coolidge stop lynchings; Clarence S. Darrow speech; W. H.
Lindsey acquittal for choking black maid; racial discrimination complaint against
United States Shipping Board.
Principal Correspondents: E. W. Daniels; Bessie M. Johnson; Charles Johnson;
Wright E. Harris; Daniel Matthew; Nick Chiles; Lucy McDaniel; Elva Goodriel;
L. A. Calloway; Robert Massey; Harry Dean; Louise Morris.
0461
158260, [Section 4 #1] June 1929–December 1933.
Major Topics: Peonage accusations; protests against lynchings and harassment of
blacks; NAACP goals; disbarment proceedings against Bernard Ades for
involvement in Euel Lee case.
Principal Correspondents: Horace Robinson; J. Edgar Hoover.
0520
158260, Section 7, October–December 1933.
Major Topics: Praise for and criticism of FDR denunciation of lynchings in speech to
Federal Council of Churches of Christ in America; United Front Auto Workers
Conference resolution against lynching; requests that FDR promote federal
antilynching legislation; protests against racial discrimination and lynchings,
including George Armwood lynching in Maryland; Women’s International
League for Peace and Freedom; ILD; federal kidnapping law; school segregation;
3
Frame No.
Sheriff R. L. Shamblin prosecution for role in Dan Pippen Jr. and A. T. Harden
lynchings in Tuscaloosa, Ala.; NAACP.
Principal Correspondents: John G. Wade; C. L. Slater; Benny Moore; J. E. Branham;
William J. Tussey; Parthenia Hills; Jean Nagourney; J. M. Mack; Stephen Mark;
Clifton P. Gould; John H. Crouch; Charles H. Houston; Jean Elinor Robinson
Suthern; John Bryan.
0859
158260, Section 8, December 1933–February 1934.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote federal antilynching legislation; ILD
protest against executions of blacks in Alabama; protests against lynchings and
mob violence; NAACP resolution in favor of federal antilynching legislation;
Norman Thibodeaux attempted lynching in Louisiana; protests against George
Armwood lynching in Maryland and Scottsboro Boys case; A. H. Williams essay
on causes of lynching; plea for National Recovery Administration help for
unemployed printers; Blue Ribbon Benefit Society; Negro Ministerial Alliance.
Principal Correspondents: P. H. Hughes; Seymour C. Jordan; Sherwood Green;
William R. Churchill; Theodore Sepras; A. Rankins; Joseph B. Keenan; Florence
B. Spaulding; H. D. Campbell; May Borleske.
Reel 3
0001
158260, Section 9, December 1933–February 1934.
Major Topics: Cord Cheek lynching in Nashville, Tenn.; protests against lynchings
and racial discrimination; Western Anti-Lynch Conference resolutions on
violence against farm workers; requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner
Anti-Lynching Bill; NAACP; YWCA; capital punishment; list of lynchings in
1933; KKK; Robert M. Zarucha manslaughter accusation against New Haven
Hospital in Connecticut; rape; New History Society resolution in favor of federal
antilynching legislation; Pictorial History of the American Negro by Thomas O.
Fuller; support for lynchings.
Principal Correspondents: J. T. Richards; Joseph B. Keenan; H. N. Holloway; Robert
M. Zarucha; Lewell Person; George F. Murphy; Lizzie Montgomery; Helen
Waterman; Harry F. Thornton; Mrs. George Giles; Mary Rose Burton; W. A.
Allen; Sherman S. Furr; Anne Barr; R. W. Azora.
0280
158260, Section 10, February–April 1934.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
Elks of New Orleans, La., resolution in favor of federal antilynching legislation;
complaint of unlawful land seizure; protests against lynchings and racial
discrimination; attack on black congressman Oscar De Priest; Dan Pippen Jr. and
A. T. Harden lynching in Tuscaloosa, Ala.; capital punishment; Bennett College
for Women; YWCA.
4
Frame No.
Principal Correspondents: Joseph B. Keenan; Ida M. Rosengren; P. Colfax Rameau;
Mary V. Pugh; Robert H. LaPorte; Ella Mae Key; Charles H. Houston; Margaret
L. Hansen; Ollie Belle Boulware; Martha Gallantar.
0518
158260, Section 11, April–June 1934.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
Elks of Providence, R.I., resolution in favor of federal antilynching legislation;
NAACP; Conference on the Problems of Minorities; YWCA; freedom of speech;
Eleanor Roosevelt; H. A. Clarke argument on constitutionality of federal
antilynching legislation; illegal Western Union response to ore miners strike in
Alabama; Peace Heroes Memorial Society; Illinois House of Representatives
resolution in favor of Costigan-Wagner bill; lynching statistics, 1918–1934;
Costigan-Wagner Bill hearings; harassment of workers in Imperial Valley, Calif.
Principal Correspondents: Walter F. White; Ira C. Brown; Joseph B. Keenan; Mrs. E.
Thomas.
0771
158260, Section 12, June–August 1934.
Major Topics: Angelo Herndon; National Encampment of the United Spanish War
Veterans resolution in favor of federal antilynching legislation; John Griggs
lynching in Kirbyville, Tex.; Scottsboro Boys case; requests that FDR promote
Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill; illegal Western Union response to ore
miners strike in Alabama; death threats; reports of lynchings, including that of
Norris Dendy in Clinton, S.C.; Denver, Colo., police brutality against Hispanic
Americans; Elks of Cleveland, Ohio, resolution in favor of federal antilynching
legislation; torture of black inmates.
Principal Correspondents: Joseph B. Keenan; Harry F. Thornton; Florence A. J.
Berry; S. S. Johnson.
Reel 4
0001
158260, Section 13, August–December 1934.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
YWCA; Claude Neal lynching in Florida; Women’s International League for
Peace and Freedom; NAACP weekly press releases; Universal Negro
Improvement Association; Marcus Garvey; ILD; racial discrimination in
Cartersville, Ga.
Principal Correspondents: Mary R. Johnson; William Miller; W. B. Chambers; E. J.
Ellis; E. H. Watson; John Allen Sanders; Mary Ella Hart; Louis Foster.
0202
158260, Section 14, December 3–11, 1934.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
YWCA; protests against Claude Neal lynching in Florida; NAACP.
Principal Correspondents: Joseph B. Keenan; Capp Jefferson; Joseph J. Verchota;
Clarence A. Bolin; Mabel Pelham Moore.
5
Frame No.
0314
158260, Section 15, December 12–19, 1934.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
YWCA; Hampton Institute of Hampton, Va.
Principal Correspondents: Charles B. Sornberger; Helen O. Jones.
0483
158260, Section 16, December 20, 1934.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
YWCA; Hampton Institute of Hampton, Va.
0580
158260, Section 17, December 21–25, 1934.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
racial discrimination; legal defense of federal antilynching legislation; proposal to
create separate homeland for black Americans; YWCA; Hampton Institute of
Hampton, Va.
Principal Correspondents: Richard Eare; Fred Bopp; S. J. Jones.
0717
158260, Section 18, December 26–30, 1934.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
YWCA; protests against Scottsboro Boys case and Claude Neal lynching in
Florida; NAACP petition against lynching.
Principal Correspondents: Esther Thomas Archer; Frank Kingsley Evans; Clifus Lee
Johnson.
0818
158260, Section 19, December 31, 1934–January 3, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
YWCA.
Principal Correspondents: Sam M. Goode; Harold A. Anderson.
0929
158260, Section 20, January 4–5, 1935.
Major Topic: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill.
Reel 5
0001
158260, Section 21, January 6–7, 1935.
Major Topic: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill.
0104
158260, Section 22, January 8, 1935.
Major Topic: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill.
0314
158260, Section 23, January 9, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
YWCA; NAACP.
6
Frame No.
0479
158260, Section 24, January 10, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
YWCA; dissatisfaction with FDR administration; Hampton Institute of Hampton,
Va.
Principal Correspondent: William S. Butler.
0686
158260, Section 25, January 11, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
YWCA.
Principal Correspondent: Charles E. Banks.
0813
158260, Section 26, January 12, 1935.
Major Topics: NAACP; Jerome Wilson lynching in Franklinton, La.; requests that
FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill; Charles Dodson alleged
murder of white policeman; protest against lynchings; YWCA.
Principal Correspondents: Marie Barrought; Allen Thompson.
0914
158260, Section 27, January 13, 1935.
Major Topic: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill.
Reel 6
0001
158260, Section 28, January 15–17, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
YWCA; YMCA; Harlem Labor Committee resolution in favor of federal
antilynching legislation.
0095
158260, Section 29, January 18–22, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
YWCA; YMCA.
Principal Correspondent: A. J. Griswold.
0219
158260, Section 30, January 23–29, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
YMCA; YWCA; Omega Psi Phi Fraternity resolution in favor of federal
antilynching legislation.
Principal Correspondents: Caroline E. Nichols; James H. Wolf; Albert E. Barnett.
0312
158260, Section 31, January 30, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
Virginia State College in Ettrick, Va.
0371
158260, Section 32, February 1, 1935.
Major Topic: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill.
7
Frame No.
0513
158260, Section 33, February 2–5, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
Illinois Senate resolution in favor of federal antilynching legislation; Women’s
International League for Peace and Freedom.
0607
158260, Section 34, February 6–9, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
NAACP; W. Forrest Cozart comments on lynching in The Chosen People (book).
0680
158260, Section 35, February 10–12, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
YWCA; Cleveland Baptist Ministers’ Conference and NAACP resolutions in
favor of federal antilynching legislation; racial harassment.
Principal Correspondents: P. Colfax Rameau; Jacob Cannon.
0785
158260, Section 36, February 13–27, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
Colorado Senate and NAACP resolutions in favor of federal antilynching
legislation; Scottsboro Boys case; police mistreatment of and mob violence
against blacks in Tennessee; Massachusetts legislature resolution in favor of
federal antilynching legislation.
Principal Correspondents: Ida Moore; Carrie Auerbach; Booker T. Fossett; Nancy S.
Johnson.
Reel 7
0001
158260, Section 37, February 28–March 7, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
Colored Men’s Progressive Association of Sweetwater County, Wyo., and Indiana
House of Representatives resolutions in favor of federal antilynching legislation.
0129
158260, Section 38, March 8–15, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
YWCA; proposal that blacks either be settled on a reservation or sterilized;
Nebraska House of Representatives resolution in favor of federal antilynching
legislation; equal rights for blacks.
Principal Correspondent: John Maclin.
0228
158260, Section 39, June–October 1943 and March 16–27, 1935.
Major Topics: Plea for government action to put black Americans “in their place”;
rape accusation against black youths in Detroit, Mich.; proposal to found United
States Legion of Honor; race riots in Detroit, Mich., and Beaumont, Tex.; requests
that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill; mob violence in
8
Frame No.
Stockdale, Tex.; demands for arrest of men involved in Ab Young lynching in
Slayden, Miss.
Principal Correspondents: Ileane Warde; Willie Davis; G. D. Borden; Hattie
Edwards; Pheobe J. Anderson; Jerry R. Edmunds; Genevieve Beatryce Mulnix.
0348
158260, Section 40, March 28–April 2, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
YWCA; Minnesota legislature resolution in favor of federal antilynching
legislation.
0441
158260, Section 41, April 3–May 1, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
League for Civil Rights and Justice resolution in favor of black voting rights and
against lynching; Norris Dendy lynching in Clinton, S.C.; racial harassment in
Hastings, Fla.; NAACP periodical The Crisis and petition in favor of CostiganWagner Bill; racial harassment in Atlanta, Ga.; Universal Negro Improvement
Association, Gardena Valley Democratic Club of Gardena, Calif., and Federation
of Democratic Clubs resolutions in favor of federal antilynching legislation.
Principal Correspondents: Lawrence A. Trimmer; Willie C. Brown Sr.; Hezekiah
Sebron; Dazalia Kelly; Thomas McGhee; John Mills.
0622
158260, Section 42, May–November 1935.
Major Topics: Plea that FDR intervene in Scottsboro Boys case; Ernest Collins and
Benny Mitchell lynching in Columbus, Tex.; police mistreatment of blacks in
Georgia and Texas; ILD resolution on Scottsboro Boys; lynchings of Elwood
Higginbotham in Oxford, Miss., Joe Spinner Johnson in Greensboro, Ala., and
Govan Ward in Louisburg, N.C.; State Federation of Colored Women’s Clubs of
Denver, Colo., resolution in favor of federal antilynching legislation; requests that
FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill; Ruben Stacy lynching in
Fort Lauderdale, Fla.; Georgia Teachers and Educational Association efforts to
promote black education; R. D. McGee lynching in Wiggins, Miss.; NAACP
petitions in support of Costigan-Wagner Bill.
Principal Correspondents: Printer Dantzler; Joseph B. Keenan; Isaiah Hairris;
Ednamae Ellison; Walter F. White; F. S. Horne; Alfred H. Oliver; Lila Williams;
Sue O. A. Wallace.
0800
158260, Section 43, December 1935–April 1937.
Major Topics: YMCA of Oakland, Calif., petition against lynching; protests against
lynching and mob violence; Interracial Conference of Church Women resolution
in favor of federal antilynching legislation; Lint Shaw lynching in Royston, Ga.;
capital punishment; requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching
Bill; murder accusation against Robert Rowans; Frederick Van Nuys U.S. Senate
resolution demanding lynching investigation; NAACP resolution in favor of
federal antilynching legislation.
Principal Correspondents: Joseph B. Keenan; Jack Braxton; C. D. Austin; Clarence
Mitchell; L. J. Anderson; Beatrice Rowans; George P. Kemp.
9
Frame No.
Reel 8
0001
158260, Section 44, April 1937–December 1938.
Major Topics: NAACP weekly press release; defenses of lynching; false
imprisonment of Joseph Harris in Bainbridge, Ga.; protests against lynching and
mob violence; requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
Wilder McGowan lynching in Wiggins, Miss.; The People’s Committee of
Detroit, Mich., resolution in favor of lynching investigation; Robert F. Wagner
denunciation of lynching; John Dukes lynching in Arabi, Ga.; Tuskegee Institute
lynching report; International Workers Order resolution against police
mistreatment of blacks in District of Columbia; KKK activities in Clearwater,
Fla.; protests against capital punishment; Henry Lowry lynching in Arkansas;
Roosevelt Townes and Bootjack McDaniels lynching in Winona, Miss.; East Bay
Rod and Gun Club of Oakland, Calif., resolution in favor of federal antilynching
legislation.
Principal Correspondents: Betty L. Johnson; L. E. Scarbrough; Leonidas C. Dyer;
Homer S. Cummings; Sam J. Fleming; Herman Johnston; Isaiah Hairris; Solomon
Froud; Brien McMahon; Harold C. Bailey; Eleanor Cuthbertson Gonzalez; John
Maclin; Benjamin N. Murrell.
0283
158260, Section 45, December 1938–May 1939.
Major Topics: Lee Snell lynching in Daytona Beach, Fla.; NAACP meeting record;
ILD; support for antilynching legislation; Wilder McGowan lynching in Wiggins,
Miss.; employment discrimination; Kirby Baldwin and Floyd Edwards lynching
in Goldsboro, N.C.; list of lynchings in 1938–1939; voting rights discrimination;
National Conference of Problems of Negro and Negro Youth report on civil
liberties; criticism of FDR for appointing blacks to high offices.
Principal Correspondents: Edward G. Kemp; J. Edgar Hoover; Thurgood Marshall;
Brien McMahon; John Hawkins; M. R. Baker.
0507
158260, Section 46, May–September 1939.
Major Topics: NAACP meeting records, weekly press releases, and civil rights
resolutions; university education discrimination; voting rights; KKK;
mistreatment of black employees; Joe Rodgers lynching in Canton, Miss.; Lee
Snell lynching in Daytona Beach, Fla.; federal antilynching legislation.
Principal Correspondents: Walter F. White; William Pickens; Henry H. Cooper Jr.;
Frank Murphy; Vito Marcantonio.
0679
158260, Section 47, September 1939–January 1940.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote federal antilynching legislation; NAACP
meeting records and weekly press releases; Arthur B. Spingarn; Congress of
Industrial Organizations resolution in favor of federal antilynching legislation;
Walter Mills v. Board of Education of Anne Arundel County (Md.) case on
employment discrimination; NAACP Youth Council and College Chapter
financial report for 1939; Willie Jack Heggard lynching in Pickens, Miss.; Father
Divine; employment discrimination in Tampa Shipbuilding Yards; KKK.
10
Frame No.
Principal Correspondents: Louise W. Scott; William Pickens; Walter F. White; Jane
Heggard.
0887
158260, Section 48, January–September 1940.
Major Topics: Complaints about black youth attitudes toward sex; racial
discrimination in U.S. armed forces; NAACP; Jesse Thornton lynching in
Luverne, Ala.; housing discrimination in Los Angeles, Calif.; National Bar
Association; racial discrimination in legal profession; Elbert Williams lynching in
Brownsville, Tenn.; public transportation segregation; Frank Manning shooting
by police officer Pete Kellihan in Chadbourn, N.C.; voting rights; criticism of
Native Son by Richard Wright.
Principal Correspondents: Bertram C. Bland; Handsel G. Bell; Thurgood Marshall;
Lee Lofton; Bertha Blake; David Sinclair; James E. Jackson Jr.; Eugene
Nicholson.
Reel 9
0002
158260, Section 48 cont., January–September 1940.
Major Topics: Civil rights violations in Camden, N.J.; Jamaica Gleaner newspaper;
mob violence in Fulton, Ga.; voting rights; requests that FDR promote federal
antilynching legislation; George Selby attempted lynching in Pocomoke City,
Md.; NAACP meeting records and weekly press releases.
Principal Correspondent: Hans V. Hentig.
0150
158260-1, October 1919–November 1921.
Major Topics: Death sentences against blacks allegedly involved in race riots in
Elaine, Ark.; NAACP.
Principal Correspondents: James Rudolph Little; William Pickens; William T.
Ferguson; Walter F. White.
0228
158260-4, May 1921.
Major Topic: Lynching in Picayune, Miss.
0232
158260, Section 49, September–December 1940.
Major Topics: Poll tax; Edward H. Crump; employment discrimination in Ohio
Highway Patrol; death sentence against Odell Waller in Chatham, Va.; complaints
of unjust convictions; opposition to placing blacks in positions of influence;
sexual assault; peonage; Women’s Political Study Club of California resolutions
against racial discrimination; NAACP; police brutality in Miami, Fla.; racial
discrimination in Works Progress Administration; housing discrimination in
Dallas, Tex.
Principal Correspondents: Howard Lee; Sanford E. Roan; Charles C. J. Williams;
Lille Belle McMillan; William Henry Huff; S. M. White; Isaac S. Peebles Jr.;
Thurgood Marshall.
11
Frame No.
0427
158260, Section 50, December 1940–April 1941.
Major Topics: Employment discrimination; racial segregation in U.S. armed forces;
complaints about violations of civil rights and unjust imprisonment; Negro
American Alliance; Isaac Gibson rape conviction; NAACP; Jim Crow laws;
Moorish American Religious League; Willmer Smith shooting by policeman
William Grosch; public transportation discrimination; Samuel Upton rape
conviction.
Principal Correspondents: J. Alexander Byrd; Wendell Berge; Paul Moore Jackson;
Daniel A. White; John E. Byrd; Mrs. Claude English; Oscar A. Lucas; Walter F.
White; L. K. Jackson; E. E. Hopson; Frances Collinwood; Melissa A. Williams.
0651
158260, Section 51, April–August 1941.
Major Topics: Employment discrimination; complaints about unjust imprisonment;
police brutality in St. Louis, Mo.; complaints about civil rights violations; Robert
White shooting by W. S. Cochran in Texas; Jim Crow laws; United Civic League
resolution against racial discrimination in New York State; lynching in Quincy,
Fla.; mistreatment of black female prisoners in Wetumpka, Ala., State Prison;
voting rights; bombings in Dallas, Tex.
Principal Correspondents: Wendell Berge; Frank W. Reed; Carl Holmes; A. Wendell
Ross; Wilfred A. Betikofer; Wilbert Fredericks; M. Moran Weston.
0904
158260-8, June 1921.
Major Topic: Race riots in Tulsa, Okla.
Reel 10
0001
158260, Section 52, August–October 1941.
Major Topics: KKK threat against black Muslims; employment discrimination;
Quincy Hill shooting by C. W. Davis in Tucson, Ariz.; police brutality in District
of Columbia; violence against black soldiers in Arkansas; Jehovah’s Witnesses;
opposition to interracial marriage; school segregation and violence against blacks
in Dallas, Tex.; police brutality in New Orleans, La.; rape accusation against
Roland Lindsay.
Principal Correspondents: J. B. Stoner; Adam Vincent; Wendell Berge; Walter F.
White; Archibald LeCesne; Mrs. E. E. Brown; John Lee Anderson; Evelyn
Ownbey; Lewis B. Hershey.
0235
158260, Section 50, February–March 1941.
Major Topic: Civil rights violation.
0239
158260, Section 51, July 1941.
Major Topic: Jehovah’s Witnesses.
Principal Correspondent: Wendell Berge.
12
Frame No.
0255
158260-6, June 1921.
Major Topic: Roy Hammonds lynching in Bowling Green, Mo.
0257
158260-1, November 7, 1919.
Major Topic: Race riots in Arkansas.
Principal Correspondent: J. Edgar Hoover.
0259
158260-5, April 1921.
Major Topic: Mob violence in Arkansas.
0263
158260-2, July 1920.
Major Topic: Race riots in Chicago, Ill.
0275
158260-7, May–June 1921.
Major Topic: Violence against train workers in Tennessee and Mississippi.
Principal Correspondents: Walter F. White; Robert P. Stewart.
0290
158260-6, May 1921.
Major Topic: Roy Hammonds lynching in Bowling Green, Mo.
0296
158260, Section 49, November 1940.
Major Topic: The Chicago Defender newspaper.
0299
158260-1, June 1921.
Major Topic: Race riots in Elaine, Ark.
0310
158260-8, June–July 1921.
Major Topics: Race riots in Tulsa, Okla.; Communist Party of America.
Principal Correspondents: Madame Lozanto; J. Luther Martin; C. Dearman; Horace
Porter; G. A. Gregg; John E. Arnold; Robert P. Stewart.
0377
158260-10, Section 1, July 1921–June 1934.
Major Topics: NAACP pamphlet “Can the States Stop Lynching?”; support for
federal antilynching legislation; NAACP weekly press releases; Wisconsin
legislature resolution in favor of federal antilynching legislation; Dyer AntiLynching Bill; International Uplift League of Baltimore, Md.; constitutionality of
federal antilynching legislation.
Principal Correspondents: Daniel L. H. West; John W. H. Crim; Guy D. Goff; H. M.
Daugherty; A. J. Volstead.
0659
158260-10, Section 2, June 1934–June 1935.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
YWCA; lynching statistics; California Legislature resolution in favor of federal
antilynching legislation; NAACP weekly press release.
Principal Correspondents: A. J. Angman; Walter F. White; Alexander Holtzoff;
Herbert K. Stockton.
13
Frame No.
0777
158260-10, Section 3, June 1935–November 1936.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill;
Father Divine Peace Mission Movement proposal for antilynching bill; Lint Shaw
lynching in Royston, Ga.; NAACP.
Principal Correspondents: D. Talmadge Webster; Lillie Burns; Orol Freedom; Walter
F. White; Lydia Bowling Webb; Leon Hannah.
0913
158260-10, Section 4, November 1936–April 1937.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote federal antilynching legislation; YWCA;
Roosevelt Townes and Bootjack McDaniels lynching in Winona, Miss.; Illinois
Senate, California State Federation of Colored Women’s Clubs, and Minnesota
Legislature resolutions in favor of federal antilynching legislation;
constitutionality of Gavagan Anti-Lynching Bill.
Principal Correspondents: L. E. Scarbrough; Brien McMahon; Alexander Holtzoff.
Reel 11
0002
158260-10, Section 4 cont., November 1936–April 1937.
Major Topics: Requests and resolutions that FDR promote federal antilynching
legislation; constitutionality of proposed NAACP antilynching bill; lynching
statistics; U.S. Senate Committee on the Judiciary lynching report.
Principal Correspondents: Homer S. Cummings; Brien McMahon; Charles H. Tuttle;
William P. McBee; W. J. B. Schimfessel.
0145
158260-10, Section 5, April 15–28, 1937.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote Gavagan Anti-Lynching Bill; newspaper
articles and editorials on Gavagan Bill; William E. Borah; NAACP.
Principal Correspondents: L. E. Scarbrough; Joseph B. Keenan.
0326
158260-9, October 1921.
Major Topic: Lynching in Lee County, Ga.
0329
158260-10, Section 6, April–June 1937.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote federal antilynching legislation;
constitutionality of federal antilynching bills; interracial marriage; Gavagan AntiLynching Bill; National Negro Square Deal Association of America; Women’s
International League for Peace and Freedom; Iowa House of Representatives
resolution in favor of federal antilynching legislation.
Principal Correspondents: Homer S. Cummings; Samuel W. Samples; Brien
McMahon; L. E. Scarbrough.
0442
158260-10, Section 7, April–November 1937.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote federal antilynching legislation; NAACP;
YWCA; Walter F. George; public opinion polls on antilynching legislation;
14
Frame No.
Congress of Industrial Organizations; George H. Earle; constitutionality of federal
antilynching bill.
Principal Correspondents: Joseph B. Keenan; Robert Gray Taylor.
0688
158260-10, Section 8, November–December 1937.
Major Topics: Requests and resolutions that FDR promote federal antilynching
legislation; YMCA; Tuskegee Institute lynching report; voting rights.
Reel 12
0001
158260-10, Section 9, January 1–12, 1938.
Major Topics: Requests and resolutions that FDR promote federal antilynching
legislation; U.S. Senate filibuster; William E. Borah opposition to antilynching
legislation; Scottsboro Boys case; NAACP; Tuskegee Institute lynching report.
Principal Correspondents: Horace Braxton; S. D. Moore; Calvin Sanders.
0178
158260-10, Section 10, January 13–23, 1938.
Major Topics: Requests and resolutions that FDR promote federal antilynching
legislation; opposition to federal antilynching legislation; NAACP weekly press
release; William E. Borah.
Principal Correspondents: T. D. Quinn; Harry Stillwell Edwards; Thomas Maxwell;
Agnes Doty Smith; W. R. Stratton Sr.; Harold Gilbert; H. D. Kissenger.
0382
158260-10, Section 11, January 24–27, 1938.
Major Topics: Requests and resolutions that FDR promote federal antilynching
legislation; KKK; opposition to antilynching legislation.
Principal Correspondents: P. Boniface; John W. Bryan; T. D. Quinn; J. A. Bordeaux;
Henrietta Martin; Eugene W. Leggett.
0527
158260-10, Section 12, January 28–February 2, 1938.
Major Topics: Requests and resolutions that FDR promote federal antilynching
legislation; syphilis; opposition to antilynching legislation.
Principal Correspondents: T. D. Quinn; Martin Luther Reid; Edmond R. Wiles.
0673
158260-10, Section 13, February 3–10, 1938.
Major Topics: Requests and resolutions that FDR promote federal antilynching
legislation; U.S. Senate filibuster; NAACP.
Principal Correspondents: T. D. Quinn; J. Edward Replogle; L. E. Scarbrough; Rufus
L. Weaver; C. E. Finkenbinder.
0858
158260-10, Section 14, February 11, 1938.
Major Topics: Requests and resolutions that FDR promote federal antilynching
legislation; U.S. Senate filibuster; NAACP; opposition to antilynching legislation.
Principal Correspondent: W. W. Thompson.
15
Frame No.
Reel 13
0001
158260-10, Section 15, February 12–13, 1938.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote federal antilynching legislation; NAACP.
Principal Correspondents: T. D. Quinn; J. H. Lee.
0212
158260-10, Section 16, February 14, 1938.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote federal antilynching legislation; NAACP.
Principal Correspondents: T. D. Quinn; E. M. Martin.
0405
158260-10, Section 17, February 15–18, 1938.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote federal antilynching legislation; NAACP.
Principal Correspondents: T. D. Quinn; H. P. Parris.
0578
158260-10, Section 18, February 19–25, 1938.
Major Topics: Requests and resolutions that FDR promote federal antilynching
legislation; U.S. Senate filibuster; Veterans Administration.
Principal Correspondents: T. D. Quinn; W. R. Todd; James M. Graham; Irene
Norton; Viola West.
0698
158260-10, Section 19, March 1–29, 1938.
Major Topics: Requests and resolutions that FDR promote federal antilynching
legislation; protests against racial discrimination.
Principal Correspondents: T. D. Quinn; George Washington Sanders; Barbara
Atkinson; William C. Colly.
0790
158260-10, Section 20, April–December 1938.
Major Topics: Requests and resolutions that FDR promote federal antilynching
legislation; R. C. Williams lynching in Ruston, La.; Tuskegee Institute lynching
report; KKK; support for lynching.
Principal Correspondents: Walter F. White; T. D. Quinn; John Griffiths; Joseph B.
Keenan; Louis Ludlow; Marian C. Reid; Nathaniel A. Davis.
Reel 14
0001
158260-10, Section 21, January 1939–January 1940.
Major Topics: NAACP weekly press releases and meeting reports; Connecticut
Conference on Social and Labor Legislation; Joe Rodgers and Claude Banks
lynchings in Canton, Miss.; requests and resolutions that FDR promote federal
antilynching legislation.
Principal Correspondents: Walter F. White; W. H. Wyatt; O. John Rogge; Frank
Murphy; Louis T. Albert; John H. Clinton; G. Washington Danley.
16
Frame No.
0226
158260-10, Section 22, January 29–February 20, 1940.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote federal antilynching legislation; Father
Divine movement.
0418
158260-10, Section 23, Feb. 20–21, 1940.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote federal antilynching legislation; Father
Divine movement.
0595
158260-10, Section 24, Feb. 21–23, 1940.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote federal antilynching legislation; Father
Divine movement.
0768
158260-10, Section 25, Feb. 23–26, 1940.
Major Topics: Requests and resolutions that FDR promote federal antilynching
legislation; Father Divine movement.
Reel 15
0001
158260-10, Post Card Section, June–July 1940.
Major Topic: Requests that FDR promote federal antilynching legislation.
0074
158260-10, Section 26, February 26–March 1, 1940.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote federal antilynching legislation; Father
Divine movement.
0246
158260-10, Section 27, March 1–12, 1940.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR promote federal antilynching legislation; Father
Divine “Righteous Government Platform.”
0443
158260-10, Section 28, March 13–April 14, 1940.
Major Topics: Requests and resolutions that FDR promote federal antilynching
legislation; Father Divine movement.
Principal Correspondent: Janice E. Jones.
0647
158260-10, Section 29, April 15–May 25, 1940.
Major Topics: Requests and resolutions that FDR promote federal antilynching
legislation; Father Divine movement; NAACP.
Principal Correspondents: Archibald F. Glover; Samuel Brown; Alben W. Barkley;
Walter F. White.
0835
158260-10, Section 30, May 26–October 1, 1940.
Major Topics: Federal antilynching bill; Father Divine; requests and resolutions that
FDR promote antilynching legislation; Jesse Thornton lynching in Luverne, Ala.;
opposition to compulsory military service; Lawrence Dennis support for lynching.
17
Frame No.
Principal Correspondents: Grace Darling; Father Divine; J. Gordon Baugh III; Louis
E. Burnham; G. B. Kindig; Robert E. Lee Grant.
Reel 16
0001
158260-30, July 1926.
Major Topic: Unlawful eviction in Mississippi.
Principal Correspondent: J. C. Harris.
0009
15826-29, October 1934 and June 1926.
Major Topic: Claude Neal lynching and Will Johnson attempted lynching in Florida.
Principal Correspondent: C. J. Lawson.
0014
15826-28, June 1926.
Major Topic: Lynchings in Alabama.
Principal Correspondent: Charlie Pollard.
0018
15826-27, June 1926.
Major Topic: Albert Blaydes lynching in Wilson, Ark.
Principal Correspondent: Mary E. Blaydes.
0026
158260-26, December 1925.
Major Topic: Lindsey Coleman lynching in Jackson, Miss.
Principal Correspondent: Daniel C. Brewer.
0031
158260-22, July 1925.
Major Topic: School segregation.
0034
158260-21, June 1925.
Major Topics: Lynching in Mississippi; Colored Women’s National Evangelistic
Missionary Conference.
0038
158260-20, March 1925.
Major Topic: James Gordon lynching in Waverly, Va.
Principal Correspondent: S. D. Mitchell.
0045
158260-19, March 1925.
Major Topic: Lynching in Rockyford, Ga.
Principal Correspondent: James M. Frazier.
0050
158260-18, February 1925.
Major Topic: Request of protection for black prisoners in Orange County, Calif.
Principal Correspondent: Ola Anderson.
18
Frame No.
0055
158260-25, November 1925.
Major Topic: Trial of blacks in Detroit, Mich., for defending themselves against mob
violence.
Principal Correspondent: Cleveland G. Allen.
0058
158260-24, May–September 1925.
Major Topic: Universal Negro Improvement Association of Fort Smith, Ark.
0075
158260-23, August 1925.
Major Topic: Miller Mitchell lynching in Excelsior Springs, Mo.
Principal Correspondent: F. A. McCoo.
0079
158260-17, December 1924.
Major Topic: Lynching in Nashville, Tenn.
0082
158260-16, December 1924.
Major Topic: Pink Whaley forced exile from St. Matthews, S.C.
Principal Correspondent: Thomas E. Miller.
0086
158260-15, September–October 1923.
Major Topic: Illegal evictions in Johnston, Pa.
Principal Correspondents: J. S. Wannamaker; Cassius A. Ward.
0097
158260-14, August 1923.
Major Topic: Voting rights in Lantana, Fla.
0108
158260-13, January 1923.
Major Topic: Harassment of black farm workers in Missouri.
Principal Correspondent: James E. Carroll.
0112
158260-12, January 1922.
Major Topic: Race riots in Rosewood, Fla.
0115
158260-11, June 1922 and July 1930–August 1931
Major Topics: Lynchings in Kirvin, Tex.; arson accusation against Lee Stone in
Bradley, Ark.; John Newt Robinson murder and Esau Robinson lynching in
Emelle, Ala.; lynching threat in Erick, Okla.
Principal Correspondents: James Weldon Johnson; M. W. Meekins; James O.
Peyronnin; F. S. Smith.
0174
158260-44, October 1930.
0176
158260-45, April 1931.
Major Topics: Lynching in Alabama; ILD.
19
Frame No.
0181
158260-43, July 1930–February 1934.
Major Topic: Mob violence in Beckham County, Okla.
Principal Correspondents: William C. Lewis; Joseph B. Keenan; Nugent Dodds; Roy
Wilkins.
0199
158260-42, June–August 1930.
Major Topic: Alleged attack by U.S. Navy and Coast Guard personnel on blacks in
New London, Conn.
Principal Correspondents: William G. Fewel; L. T. Chalker.
0217
158260-41, May 1930.
Major Topics: George Hughes lynching in Sherman, Tex.; John J. Parker rejection as
Supreme Court nominee; Herbert Hoover policy toward blacks.
Principal Correspondents: William M. Markoe; Edward B. Rembert.
0267
158260-40, February 1929–September 1937.
Major Topics: Scottsboro Boys case; segregation in Richmond, Va.
0276
158260-38, January 1929.
Major Topic: Charles Shepherd lynching in Rome, Miss.
0301
158260-37, December 1928.
Major Topic: Race relations in Okaloosa County, Fla.
Principal Correspondents: L. L. Fabisinski; S. M. Baggett.
0318
158260-36, December 1927 and November 1937–April 1938.
Major Topics: Racial harassment in Madisonville, Tex.; school segregation in Enid,
Okla.
Principal Correspondents: C. W. McPhail; J. Edgar Hoover; F. B. Young.
0329
158260-35, December 1927–February 1928.
Major Topics: Federal antilynching jurisdiction; Calvin Coolidge; mob violence
against Major Pinkinson and George Lewis in Mississippi.
Principal Correspondents: O. R. Luhring; N. Jones.
0348
158260-34, December 1927.
Major Topic: Lynching along Virginia-Kentucky border.
Principal Correspondent: James Weldon Johnson.
0352
158260-33, February 1927.
Major Topics: Lynchings in South Carolina and Georgia; peonage.
0362
158260-32, August 1926.
Major Topic: Mob violence in Dozier, Ala.
20
Frame No.
0365
158260-31, June 1926.
Major Topics: Lynchings and mob violence in Waynesboro, Miss., and Aiken, S.C.;
Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill.
Principal Correspondents: Dave Gaines; James Weldon Johnson; Julia West
Hamilton.
0381
158260-46, Section 1, May 1931–April 1933.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR intervene in and international Communist response
to Scottsboro Boys case; ILD; Canadian Labor Defense League; International Red
Aid; Ada Wright trip to Europe to gather support for Scottsboro defendants.
Principal Correspondents: Victoria Ricard; H. W. Springer; Esther Thomas Archer;
Rosella LaRue Sands; Hopson Owen Murfee.
0606
158260-46, Section 2, April 21–November 30, 1933.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR intervene in Scottsboro Boys case; ILD; James
Rolph Jr. support for lynching.
0919
158260-46, Section 3, December 2–11, 1933.
Major Topic: Requests that FDR intervene in Scottsboro Boys case.
Reel 17
0002
158260-46, Section 3 cont., December 2–11, 1933.
Major Topics: James Rolph Jr. support for lynching; requests that FDR intervene in
Scottsboro Boys case; protests against lynching; ILD.
Principal Correspondent: Patrick Hughes.
0236
158260-46, Section 4, December 12–19, 1933.
Major Topics: Mob violence near Bartow, Ga.; requests that FDR intervene in
Scottsboro Boys case; James Rolph Jr. support for lynching; Young Pioneers of
America; ILD.
Principal Correspondents: Georges Cardieu; Calvin Madden; Raeford Brown.
0474
158260-46, Section 5, December 20, 1933–January 10, 1934.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR intervene in Scottsboro Boys case; ILD; Tom
Mooney.
Principal Correspondent: William L. Patterson.
0648
158260-46, Section 6, January 16–April 12, 1934.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR intervene in Scottsboro Boys case; ILD; execution
of Isaac Howard, Ernest McGhee, and Johnny Jones in Hernando, Miss.; Tom
Mooney; Judge William W. Callahan denial of new trial for Scottsboro
defendants.
21
Frame No.
Principal Correspondents: W. M. Chapman; Fred P. Searles; Ruth Brooks; Casimir
“Sonny” Gaines.
0918
158260-46, Section 7, April 13–July 4, 1934.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR intervene in Scottsboro Boys case; Department of
Justice review of and Alabama Supreme Court ruling on Scottsboro case.
Principal Correspondents: Randolph Preston; Daisy Reed Scarboro.
Reel 18
0002
158260-46, Section 7 cont., April 13–July 4, 1934.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR intervene in Scottsboro Boys case; ILD; Judge
James Horton Jr. ruling in Scottsboro case.
Principal Correspondents: Alice McCormick; William L. Patterson.
0114
158260-46, Section 8, July 9–October 3, 1934.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR intervene in and international response to
Scottsboro Boys case; ILD; alleged bribery of Victoria Price; requests that FDR
intervene in Angelo Herndon case; harassment of union organizers in Imperial
Valley, Calif.
Principal Correspondents: E. Razafindrakoto; Hopson Owen Murfee; Romain
Rolland; Hattie Pryor.
0330
158260-46, Section 9, October 8–November 14, 1934.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR intervene in Scottsboro Boys case; ILD; death
sentences against Haywood Patterson and Clarence Norris.
Principal Correspondent: Meta Luth.
0591
158260-46, Section 10, November 15–December 31, 1934.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR intervene in Scottsboro Boys and Angelo Herndon
cases; ILD; YWCA; NAACP; death sentences against Haywood Patterson and
Clarence Norris; requests that Claude Neal abductors be prosecuted under federal
kidnapping law.
Principal Correspondent: Samuel C. Patterson.
0827
158260-46, Section 11, January 1–November 18, 1935.
Major Topics: Requests and resolutions that FDR intervene in Scottsboro Boys and
Angelo Herndon cases; ILD; Warren J. Duffey; U.S. Supreme Court ruling in
Scottsboro case; requests that Claude Neal abductors be prosecuted under federal
kidnapping law; YWCA; Baptists.
22
Frame No.
Reel 19
0001
158260-46, Section 12, January 3–28, 1936.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR intervene in Scottsboro Boys case; ILD; shooting
of Scottsboro defendant Ozie Powell by Sheriff J. S. Sandlin; mob violence
against suspected Communists in Brandon, Fla.; National Unemployment
Council.
0146
158260-46, Section 13, January 29–February 5, 1936.
Major Topics: Requests that FDR intervene in Scottsboro Boys case; ILD; shooting
of Scottsboro defendant Ozie Powell by Sheriff J. S. Sandlin; demands for
impeachment of Judge William W. Callahan.
Principal Correspondent: Ernest Pierce.
0260
158260-58, Section 1, October 27–November 3, 1934.
Major Topics: Claude Neal lynching in Florida; requests that Neal abductors be
prosecuted under federal kidnapping law; ILD; NAACP; shooting of Scottsboro
defendant Ozie Powell by Sheriff J. S. Sandlin; Republican Party treatment of
blacks.
Principal Correspondents: Obie McCollum; Walter F. White; William Pickens.
0446
158260-58, Section 2, November 3–December 15, 1934.
Major Topics: Claude Neal lynching in Florida; requests to FDR and Attorney
General Homer S. Cummings that Neal abductors be prosecuted under federal
kidnapping law; YWCA; FDR failure to support Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching
bill; YMCA; NAACP weekly press releases.
Principal Correspondent: E. Washington Rhodes.
0623
158260-58, Section 3, November 17, 1934.
Major Topics: Requests to Attorney General Homer S. Cummings that Claude Neal
abductors be prosecuted under federal kidnapping law; YWCA; NAACP
publication of Neal lynching investigation.
Principal Correspondents: Walter F. White; Joseph B. Keenan; Oswald Garrison
Villard.
0680
158260-47, March 1932–March 1933.
Major Topic: Attacks on black Illinois Central Railway System firemen in
Mississippi.
Principal Correspondents: Nugent Dodds; Ben F. Cameron; Walter F. White.
0730
158260-48, April 1933–December 1934.
Major Topic: Mob violence against blacks in Greenville County, S.C.
0748
158260-50, December 1933.
Major Topic: Cord Cheek lynching in Nashville, Tenn.
23
Frame No.
0752
158260-51, March 1934.
Major Topic: NAACP.
0755
158260-59, March–July 1935.
Major Topics: Ab Young lynching in Slayden, Miss.; federal kidnapping law.
Principal Correspondent: Homer S. Cummings.
0768
158260-59 cont., March 1935.
Major Topic: Ab Young lynching in Slayden, Miss.
Principal Correspondent: Walter F. White.
0771
158260-60, May 1935.
Major Topic: Opposition to black jurors in North Carolina.
0775
158260-61, March 1938.
Major Topic: Jim Crow laws.
0780
158260-46, November 1934.
Major Topics: Claude Neal lynching in Florida; Scottsboro Boys case.
Principal Correspondent: J. Edgar Hoover.
24
PRINCIPAL CORRESPONDENTS INDEX
The following index is an alphabetical listing of the principal authors and correspondents in
this microform publication. The first number after each entry refers to the reel, while the fourdigit number following the colon refers to the frame number at which a particular file folder
containing the document from the source begins. Hence, 14: 0001 directs the researcher to the
folder that begins at Frame 0001 of Reel 14. By referring to the Reel Index, which constitutes the
initial section of this guide, researchers will find a document list including folder titles and major
topics in the order in which they appear in the film.
Albert, Louis T.
14: 0001
Allen, Cleveland G.
16: 0055
Allen, W. A.
3: 0001
Anderson, Harold A.
4: 0818
Anderson, John Lee
10: 0001
Anderson, L. J.
7: 0800
Anderson, Ola
16: 0050
Anderson, Pheobe J.
7: 0228
Angman, A. J.
10: 0659
Archer, Esther Thomas
4: 0717; 16: 0381
Arnold, John E.
10: 0310
Atkinson, Barbara
13: 0698
Auerbach, Carrie
6: 0785
Austin, C. D.
7: 0800
Azora, R. W.
3: 0001
Baggett, S. M.
16: 0301
Bailey, Harold C.
8: 0001
Baker, M. R.
8: 0283
Banks, Charles E.
5: 0686
Banks, Corinne Lee
1: 0767
Barkley, Alben W.
15: 0647
Barnett, Albert E.
6: 0219
Barr, Anne
3: 0001
Barrought, Marie
5: 0813
Baugh, J. Gordon, III
15: 0835
Bell, Handsel G.
8: 0887
Berge, Wendell
9: 0427, 0651; 10: 0001, 0239
Berry, Florence A. J.
3: 0771
Betikofer, Wilfred A.
9: 0651
Bey, J. T.
1: 0767
25
Blake, Bertha
8: 0887
Bland, Bertram C.
8: 0887
Bland, W. I.
2: 0002
Blaydes, Mary E.
16: 0018
Bolin, Clarence A.
4: 0202
Boniface, P.
12: 0382
Bopp, Fred
4: 0580
Bordeaux, J. A.
12: 0382
Borden, G. D.
7: 0228
Borleske, May
2: 0859
Boulware, Ollie Belle
3: 0280
Boyd, J. E.
1: 0276
Branham, J. E.
2: 0520
Braxton, Horace
12: 0001
Braxton, Jack
7: 0800
Brewer, Daniel C.
16: 0026
Brooks, Ruth
17: 0648
Brown, Ira C.
3: 0518
Brown, Mrs. E. E.
10: 0001
Brown, Raeford
17: 0236
Brown, Samuel
15: 0647
Brown, Willie C., Sr.
7: 0441
Bryan, John
2: 0520
Bryan, John W.
12: 0382
Burnham, Louis E.
15: 0835
Burns, Lillie
10: 0777
Burton, Mary Rose
3: 0001
Butler, William S.
5: 0479
Byrd, J. Alexander
9: 0427
Byrd, John E.
9: 0427
Calloway, L. A.
2: 0275
Cameron, Ben F.
19: 0680
Campbell, H. D.
2: 0859
Cannon, Jacob
6: 0680
Cardieu, Georges
17: 0236
Carroll, James E.
16: 0108
Chalker, L. T.
16: 0199
Chambers, W. B.
4: 0001
Chapman, W. M.
17: 0648
Chiles, Nick
2: 0275
Churchill, William R.
2: 0859
Clarke, H. A.
1: 0670
Clayton, Horace R.
2: 0002
Clinton, John H.
14: 0001
Collinwood, Frances
9: 0427
Colly, William C.
13: 0698
26
Cooper, Henry H., Jr.
8: 0507
Covington, C. P.
1: 0218
Crim, John W. H.
1: 0468, 0588; 10: 0377
Crouch, John H.
2: 0520
Crum, Roger
1: 0767
Cummings, Homer S.
8: 0001; 11: 0002, 0329; 19: 0755
Daniels, E. W.
2: 0275
Danley, G. Washington
14: 0001
Dantzler, Printer
7: 0622
Darling, Grace
15: 0835
Daugherty, H. M.
10: 0377
Davis, Nathaniel A.
13: 0790
Davis, Willie
7: 0228
Dean, Harry
2: 0275
Dearman, C.
1: 0767; 10: 0310
Denson, W. A.
1: 0767
Dodds, Nugent
1: 0767; 16: 0181; 19: 0680
Dyer, Leonidas C.
8: 0001
Eare, Richard
4: 0580
Edmunds, Jerry R.
7: 0228
Edwards, Harry Stillwell
12: 0178
Edwards, Hattie
7: 0228
Ellis, E. J.
4: 0001
Ellison, Ednamae
7: 0622
English, Mrs. Claude
9: 0427
Evans, Frank Kingsley
4: 0717
Fabisinski, L. L.
16: 0301
Father Divine
15: 0835
Ferguson, William T.
9: 0150
Fewel, William G.
16: 0199
Finkenbinder, C. E.
12: 0673
Fleming, Sam J.
8: 0001
Fossett, Booker T.
6: 0785
Foster, Louis
4: 0001
Frazier, James M.
16: 0045
Fredericks, Wilbert
9: 0651
Freedom, Orol
10: 0777
Froud, Solomon
8: 0001
Furr, Sherman S.
3: 0001
Gaines, Casimir “Sonny”
17: 0648
Gaines, Dave
16: 0365
Gallantar, Martha
3: 0280
Gilbert, Harold
12: 0178
Giles, Mrs. George
3: 0001
Glover, Archibald F.
15: 0647
Goff, Guy D.
10: 0377
27
Gonzalez, Eleanor Cuthbertson
8: 0001
Goode, Sam M.
4: 0818
Goodriel, Elva
2: 0275
Gould, Clifton P.
2: 0520
Graham, James M.
13: 0578
Grant, Robert E. Lee
15: 0835
Green, Sherwood
2: 0859
Gregg, G. A.
10: 0310
Griffiths, John
13: 0790
Griswold, A. J.
6: 0095
Hackley, Guy Wilson
1: 0276
Hairris, Isaiah
7: 0622; 8: 0001
Hamilton, Julia West
16: 0365
Hannah, Leon
10: 0777
Hansen, Margaret L.
3: 0280
Harr, W. R.
1: 0127, 0218
Harris, J. C.
16: 0001
Harris, Wright E.
2: 0275
Hart, Mary Ella
4: 0001
Hawkins, John
8: 0283
Hawkins, Theodore
1: 0276
Heggard, Jane
8: 0679
Hell, Abram B.
2: 0002
Hentig, Hans V.
9: 0002
Hershey, Lewis B.
10: 0001
Hills, Parthenia
2: 0520
Holloway, H. N.
3: 0001
Holmes, Carl
9: 0651
Holtzoff, Alexander
10: 0659, 0913
Hoover, J. Edgar
2: 0461; 8: 0283; 10: 0257; 16: 0318;
19: 0780
Hopson, E. E.
9: 0427
Horne, F. S.
7: 0622
Houston, Charles H.
2: 0520; 3: 0280
Howard, Hasting
1: 0218
Huff, William Henry
9: 0232
Hughes, P. H.
2: 0859
Hughes, Patrick
17: 0002
Isbell, John B.
1: 0767
Jackson, James E., Jr.
8: 0887
Jackson, L. K.
9: 0427
Jackson, Paul Moore
9: 0427
Jefferson, Capp
4: 0202
Johnson, Bessie M.
2: 0275
Johnson, Betty L.
8: 0001
Johnson, Ceola
2: 0002
28
Johnson, Charles
2: 0275
Johnson, Clifus Lee
4: 0717
Johnson, James Weldon
16: 0115, 0348, 0365
Johnson, Mary R.
4: 0001
Johnson, Nancy S.
6: 0785
Johnson, S. S.
3: 0771
Johnson, W. D.
1: 0468
Johnston, Herman
8: 0001
Jones, Helen O.
4: 0314
Jones, Janice E.
15: 0443
Jones, N.
16: 0329
Jones, S. J.
4: 0580
Jordan, Seymour C.
2: 0859
Keenan, Joseph B.
2: 0859; 3: 0001–0771; 4: 0202; 7: 0622,
0800; 11: 0145, 0442; 13: 0790;
16: 0181; 19: 0623
Kelly, Dazalia
7: 0441
Kemp, Edward G.
8: 0283
Kemp, George P.
7: 0800
Key, Ella Mae
3: 0280
Kindig, G. B.
15: 0835
Kissenger, H. D.
12: 0178
Knight, Thomas E., Jr.
2: 0002
LaPorte, Robert H.
3: 0280
Lawson, C. J.
16: 0009
Lawson, Philip M.
1: 0468
LeCesne, Archibald
10: 0001
Lee, Howard
9: 0232
Lee, J. H.
13: 0001
Leggett, Eugene W.
12: 0382
Lewis, William C.
16: 0181
Lincoln, Henry
1: 0001
Little, James Rudolph
9: 0150
Lofton, Lee
8: 0887
Lozanto, Madame
10: 0310
Lucas, Oscar A.
9: 0427
Ludlow, Louis
13: 0790
Luhring, O. R.
16: 0329
Lundquiste, C. Theo
1: 0422
Luth, Meta
18: 0330
Lyons, Frank C.
1: 0767
Mack, J. M.
2: 0520
Maclin, John
7: 0129; 8: 0001
Madden, Calvin
17: 0236
Marcantonio, Vito
8: 0507
Mark, Stephen
2: 0520
Markoe, William M.
16: 0217
29
Marshall, Thurgood
8: 0283, 0887; 9: 0232
Martin, E. M.
13: 0212
Martin, Henrietta
12: 0382
Martin, J. Luther
10: 0310
Massey, Robert
2: 0275
Matthew, Daniel
2: 0275
Maxwell, Thomas
12: 0178
McBee, William P.
11: 0002
McCollum, Obie
19: 0260
McCoo, F. A.
16: 0075
McCormick, Alice
18: 0002
McDaniel, Lucy
2: 0275
McGhee, Thomas
7: 0441
McMahon, Brien
8: 0001, 0283; 10: 0913; 11: 0002, 0329
McMillan, Lille Belle
9: 0232
McPhail, C. W.
16: 0318
Meekins, M. W.
16: 0115
Miller, Fannie
1: 0468
Miller, Grace
2: 0002
Miller, Thomas E.
16: 0082
Miller, William
4: 0001
Mills, John
7: 0441
Mitchell, Clarence
7: 0800
Mitchell, S. D.
16: 0038
Montgomery, Lizzie
3: 0001
Moore, Benny
2: 0520
Moore, Ida
6: 0785
Moore, Mabel Pelham
4: 0202
Moore, S. D.
12: 0001
Morris, Louise
2: 0275
Mulnix, Genevieve Beatryce
7: 0228
Murfee, Hopson Owen
16: 0381; 18: 0114
Murphy, Frank
8: 0507; 14: 0001
Murphy, George F.
3: 0001
Murrell, Benjamin N.
8: 0001
Nagourney, Jean
2: 0520
Nichols, Caroline E.
6: 0219
Nicholson, Eugene
8: 0887
North, Dorothy
1: 0767
Norton, Irene
13: 0578
O’Brien, John Lord
1: 0001
Oliver, Alfred H.
7: 0622
Ownbey, Evelyn
10: 0001
Parris, H. P.
13: 0405
Patterson, Samuel C.
18: 0591
Patterson, William L.
1: 0717; 2: 0002; 17: 0474; 18: 0002
30
Peebles, Isaac S., Jr.
9: 0232
Person, Lewell
3: 0001
Peyronnin, James O.
16: 0115
Pickens, William
8: 0507, 0679; 9: 0150; 19: 0260
Pierce, Ernest
19: 0146
Pollard, Charlie
16: 0014
Porter, Horace
10: 0310
Preston, Randolph
17: 0918
Pryor, Hattie
18: 0114
Pugh, Mary V.
3: 0280
Quinn, T. D.
12: 0178–0673; 13: 0001–0790
Rameau, P. Colfax
3: 0280; 6: 0680
Rankins, A.
2: 0859
Ray, James A.
1: 0276
Razafindrakoto, E.
18: 0114
Reavis, Hattie G.
2: 0002
Reed, Frank W.
9: 0651
Reid, Marian C.
13: 0790
Reid, Martin Luther
12: 0527
Rembert, Edward B.
1: 0767; 16: 0217
Replogle, J. Edward
12: 0673
Rhodes, E. Washington
19: 0446
Ricard, Victoria
16: 0381
Richards, J. T.
3: 0001
Roan, Sanford E.
9: 0232
Robinson, Horace
2: 0461
Rogge, O. John
14: 0001
Rolland, Romain
18: 0114
Rosengren, Ida M.
3: 0280
Ross, A. Wendell
9: 0651
Rowans, Beatrice
7: 0800
Samples, Samuel W.
11: 0329
Sanders, Calvin
12: 0001
Sanders, George Washington
13: 0698
Sanders, John Allen
4: 0001
Sands, Rosella LaRue
16: 0381
Scarboro, Daisy Reed
17: 0918
Scarbrough, L. E.
8: 0001; 10: 0913; 11: 0145, 0329;
12: 0673
Schimfessel, W. J. B.
11: 0002
Schomburg, Arthur A.
1: 0276, 0422
Scott, Louise W.
8: 0679
Searles, Fred P.
17: 0648
Sebron, Hezekiah
7: 0441
Sepras, Theodore
2: 0859
Shillady, John R.
1: 0001
31
Simpkins, John H.
1: 0767
Sinclair, David
8: 0887
Slater, C. L.
2: 0520
Slattery, Thomas D.
1: 0001
Smith, Agnes Doty
12: 0178
Smith, Bolton
1: 0276
Smith, F. S.
16: 0115
Smith, George H.
2: 0002
Smith, James M.
1: 0218
Smith, Marshall
1: 0127
Sornberger, Charles B.
4: 0314
Spaulding, Florence B.
2: 0859
Springer, H. W.
16: 0381
Stewart, Robert P.
1: 0276, 0422; 10: 0275, 0310
Stockton, Herbert K.
10: 0659
Stoner, J. B.
10: 0001
Stratton, W. R., Sr.
12: 0178
Suthern, Jean Elinor Robinson
2: 0520
Taylor, John
1: 0588, 0767
Taylor, Robert Gray
11: 0442
Thomas, Charles M.
1: 0767
Thomas, Mrs. E.
3: 0518
Thompson, Allen
5: 0813
Thompson, W. W.
12: 0858
Thornton, Harry F.
3: 0001, 0771
Todd, W. R.
13: 0578
Tolliver, Elizabeth
2: 0002
Trimmer, Lawrence A.
7: 0441
Tucker, Douglas
1: 0127
Tussey, William J.
2: 0520
Tuttle, Charles H.
11: 0002
Verchota, Joseph J.
4: 0202
Villard, Oswald Garrison
19: 0623
Vincent, Adam
10: 0001
Volstead, A. J.
10: 0377
Wade, John G.
2: 0520
Walker, Charley
1: 0670
Wallace, Sue O. A.
7: 0622
Wannamaker, J. S.
16: 0086
Ward, Cassius A.
16: 0086
Warde, Ileane
7: 0228
Waterman, Helen
3: 0001
Watson, E. H.
4: 0001
Weaver, Rufus L.
12: 0673
Webb, Lydia Bowling
10: 0777
Webster, D. Talmadge
10: 0777
32
West, Daniel L. H.
10: 0377
West, Viola
13: 0578
Weston, M. Moran
9: 0651
White, Daniel A.
9: 0427
White, S. M.
9: 0232
White, Walter F.
2: 0002; 3: 0518; 7: 0622; 8: 0507, 0679;
9: 0150, 0427; 10: 0001, 0275, 0659,
0777; 13: 0790; 14: 0001; 15: 0647;
19: 0260, 0623, 0680, 0768
Wiles, Edmond R.
12: 0527
Wilkins, Roy
16: 0181
Williams, Charles C. J.
9: 0232
Williams, Lila
7: 0622
Williams, Melissa A.
9: 0427
Wolf, James H.
6: 0219
Wyatt, W. H.
14: 0001
Young, F. B.
16: 0318
Zarucha, Robert M.
3: 0001
33
SUBJECT INDEX
The following index is a guide to the major topics, personalities, and activities in this
microform publication. The first number after each entry or subentry refers to the reel, while the
four-digit number following the colon refers to the frame number at which a particular file folder
containing information on the subject begins. Hence, 1: 0767 directs the researcher to the folder
that begins at Frame 0767 of Reel 1. By referring to the Reel Index, which constitutes the initial
section of this guide, researchers will find a document list including folder titles and major topics
in the order in which they appear in the film.
Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill 1: 0468, 0588;
10: 0377; 16: 0365
Gavagan Anti-Lynching Bill 10: 0913;
11: 0145, 0329
general 1: 0670; 3: 0001, 0771; 8: 0283,
0507; 16: 0329
opposition to 12: 0382, 0527, 0858
requests for presidential support 1: 0276,
0422; 2: 0002, 0520, 0859; 8: 0679;
9: 0002; 10: 0913; 11: 0002, 0329–
0688; 12: 0001–15: 0835
see also Costigan-Wagner AntiLynching Bill
Arabi, Georgia
lynchings 8: 0001
Arizona
Tucson 10: 0001
Arkansas
Bradley 16: 0115
Elaine 9: 0150; 10: 0299
Fort Smith 16: 0058
lynchings 8: 0001; 16: 0018
mob violence 10: 0259
race riots 10: 0257
violence against black soldiers 10: 0001
Armed forces
black soldiers 10: 0001
Coast Guard 16: 0199
compulsory service 15: 0835
general 16: 0199
Adeline Carlton v. Southern Railway
Company
1: 0767
Ades, Bernard
2: 0461
Agricultural labor
3: 0001; 16: 0108
Aiken, South Carolina
lynchings 16: 0365
Alabama
capital punishment 2: 0859
Dozier 16: 0362
lynchings 1: 0717, 0767; 2: 0002, 0520;
3: 0280; 7: 0622; 8: 0887; 15: 0835;
16: 0014, 0115, 0176
mining strike 3: 0518, 0771
Supreme Court 17: 0918
Tuskegee Institute 8: 0001; 11: 0688;
12: 0001; 13: 0790
Wetumpka State Prison 9: 0651
see also Scottsboro Boys
Allen, Matt
1: 0218
Anne Arundel County, Maryland
Walter Mills v. Board of Education of
Anne Arundel County 8: 0679
Antilynching legislation
constitutionality 3: 0518; 4: 0580;
10: 0377, 0913; 11: 0002, 0329,
0442
35
Armed forces cont.
Navy 16: 0199
racial discrimination 8: 0887
segregation 9: 0427
veterans 1: 0276; 3: 0771; 13: 0578
Armwood, George
lynching 1: 0717; 2: 0002, 0520, 0859
Arson
16: 0115
Associated Negro Press
1: 0276
Association of Negro Radicals
2: 0275
Atkins, Charles
lynching 1: 0468
Atlanta, Georgia
racial harassment 7: 0441
Automobiles and automobile industry
United Front Auto Workers Conference
2: 0520
Bainbridge, Georgia
Harris, Joseph, imprisonment 8: 0001
Baker, George
see Father Divine
Bakersfield, California
Tullis, J. J., murder 1: 0767
Baldwin, Kirby
lynching 8: 0283
Baltimore, Maryland
International Uplift League 10: 0377
Banks, Claude
lynching 14: 0001
Baptist Ministers Conference
2: 0002; 6: 0680
Baptists
18: 0827
Bartow, Georgia
mob violence 17: 0236
Beaumont, Texas
race riots 7: 0228
Beckham County, Oklahoma
mob violence 16: 0181
Bennett College for Women, Greensboro,
North Carolina
3: 0280
Black Americans
agricultural labor 16: 0108
Association of Negro Radicals 2: 0275
Colored Men’s Progressive Association
7: 0001
Colored Women’s National Evangelistic
Missionary Conference 16: 0034
education discrimination 2: 0520;
8: 0507; 10: 0001; 16: 0031, 0318
employment discrimination 3: 0518;
8: 0283, 0679; 9: 0232, 0651;
10: 0001
Federation of Colored Women’s Clubs
7: 0622; 10: 0913
forced labor 1: 0001; 2: 0461; 9: 0232;
16: 0352
general 7: 0129; 16: 0199, 0217
homeland proposal 4: 0580
housing discrimination 3: 0280; 8: 0887;
9: 0232; 16: 0001, 0082, 0086
Illinois Central Railway System
19: 0680
Interracial Conference of Church
Women 7: 0800
jury duty 1: 0127; 19: 0771
military personnel 10: 0001
Muslims 10: 0001
National Conference of Problems of
Negro and Negro Youth 8: 0283
National Negro Square Deal Association
of America 11: 0329
Negro American Alliance 9: 0427
Negro Ministerial Alliance 2: 0859
Pictorial History of the American Negro
(book) 3: 0001
police brutality 2: 0275; 3: 0771;
6: 0785; 7: 0622; 8: 0001; 9: 0232,
0651; 10: 0001
prisoners 3: 0771; 9: 0651; 16: 0050
public transportation discrimination
8: 0887; 9: 0427
rape 7: 0228
Republican Party treatment of 19: 0260
Universal Negro Improvement
Association 4: 0001; 7: 0441;
16: 0058
36
voting rights 1: 0127; 7: 0441; 8: 0283,
0507, 0887; 9: 0002, 0651; 11: 0688;
16: 0097
see also Lynching
see also National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People
(NAACP)
Blaydes, Albert
lynching 16: 0018
Blue Ribbon Benefit Society
2: 0859
Bombs
9: 0651
Books and bookselling
The Chosen People 6: 0607
Native Son 8: 0887
Pictorial History of the American Negro
3: 0001
Borah, William E.
11: 0145; 12: 0001, 0178
Bowling Green, Missouri
lynchings 10: 0255, 0290
Bradley, Arkansas
Stone, Lee, arson accusation 16: 0115
Brandon, Florida
mob violence 19: 0001
Brownsville, Tennessee
lynchings 8: 0887
Burning at the stake
1: 0468
California
Federation of Colored Women’s Clubs
10: 0913
Gardena 7: 0441
homicide 1: 0767
Imperial Valley 3: 0518; 18: 0114
legislature 10: 0659
Los Angeles 8: 0887
Oakland 7: 0800; 8: 0001
Orange County 16: 0050
San Francisco 1: 0001
Women’s Political Study Club 9: 0232
Callahan, William W.
17: 0648; 19: 0146
Camden, New Jersey
civil rights violations 9: 0002
Camps Normal Industrial Institute
1: 0276
Canadian Labor Defense League
16: 0381
Canton, Mississippi
lynchings 8: 0507; 14: 0001
Capital punishment
2: 0859; 3: 0001, 0280; 7: 0800; 8: 0001;
9: 0150, 0232; 17: 0648; 18: 0330,
0591
Carlton, Adeline
Adeline Carlton v. Southern Railway
Company 1: 0767
Cartersville, Georgia
racial discrimination 4: 0001
Chadbourn, North Carolina
Manning, Frank, shooting 8: 0887
Chatham, Virginia
Waller, Odell, death sentence 9: 0232
Chattanooga, Tennessee
Association of Negro Radicals 2: 0275
Cheek, Cord
lynching 3: 0001; 19: 0748
Chicago Defender (newspaper)
10: 0296
Chicago, Illinois
Chicago Defender (newspaper) 10: 0296
race riots 10: 0263
The Chosen People (book)
6: 0607
Christianity
Baptist Ministers Conference 2: 0002;
6: 0680
Federal Council of Churches of Christ in
America 2: 0520
Interracial Conference of Church
Women 7: 0800
see also Father Divine
see also Young Men’s Christian
Association (YMCA)
see also Young Women’s Christian
Association (YWCA)
Citizens Patriotic League
1: 0001
Civil liberties
8: 0283
37
Civil rights
equality 7: 0129
general 9: 0002, 0427, 0651; 10: 0235
Negro Rights Bill proposal 1: 0767
Clarke, Elmore
lynching 1: 0717, 0767
Clarke, H. A.
3: 0518
Clearwater, Florida
KKK 8: 0001
Cleveland, Ohio
Baptist Ministers’ Conference 6: 0680
Elks, The Benevolent and Protective
Order of 3: 0771
Clinton, South Carolina
lynchings 1: 0717; 3: 0771; 7: 0441
Coast Guard
16: 0199
Cochran, W. S.
9: 0651
Coleman, Lindsey
lynching 16: 0026
Colleges and universities
Bennett College for Women 3: 0280
Camps Normal Industrial Institute
1: 0276
discrimination 8: 0507
Hampton Institute 4: 0314, 0483, 0580;
5: 0479
Howard University 2: 0002
NAACP Youth Council and College
Chapter 8: 0679
Tuskegee Institute 8: 0001; 11: 0688;
12: 0001; 13: 0790
Virginia State College 6: 0312
Collins, Ernest
lynching 7: 0622
Colorado
Denver 3: 0771
Federation of Colored Womens Clubs
7: 0622
Senate 6: 0785
Colored Men’s Progressive Association
7: 0001
Colored Women’s National Evangelistic
Missionary Conference
16: 0034
Columbus, Texas
lynchings 7: 0622
Communism and communist parties
Communist Party of America 10: 0310
general 19: 0001
International Red Aid 16: 0381
see also International Labor Defense
(ILD)
Communist Party of America
10: 0310
Compulsory military service
15: 0835
Conferences
Colored Women’s National Evangelistic
Missionary Conference 16: 0034
Conference on the Problems of
Minorities 3: 0518
Connecticut Conference on Social and
Labor Legislation 14: 0001
Interracial Conference of Church
Women 7: 0800
National Conference of Problems of
Negro and Negro Youth 8: 0283
Western Anti-Lynch Conference 3: 0001
see also Organizations and associations
Congress, U.S.
House of Representatives 1: 0670
lynching investigation 1: 0422
Senate 7: 0800; 11: 0002; 12: 0001,
0673, 0858; 13: 0578
Congress of Industrial Organizations
8: 0679; 11: 0442
Connecticut
Connecticut Conference on Social and
Labor Legislation 14: 0001
New Haven Hospital 3: 0001
New London 16: 0199
Constitution of U.S.
Fifteenth Amendment 1: 0218
Fourteenth Amendment 1: 0127
38
Coolidge, Calvin
2: 0275; 16: 0329
Corruption and bribery
18: 0114
Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill
3: 0001–8: 0001; 10: 0659, 0777;
19: 0446
Covington, Kentucky
mob violence 1: 0001
Cozart, W. Forrest
The Chosen People (book) 6: 0607
The Crisis (periodical)
7: 0441
Crum, Roger
1: 0767
Crump, Edward H.
9: 0232
Cummings, Homer S.
19: 0446, 0623
Dallas, Texas
bombs 9: 0651
discrimination 9: 0232; 10: 0001
Darrow, Clarence S.
2: 0275
Davis, C. W.
10: 0001
Davisboro, Georgia
lynchings 1: 0468
Daytona Beach, Florida
lynchings 8: 0283, 0507
De Priest, Oscar
3: 0280
Dendy, Norris F.
lynching 1: 0717; 3: 0771; 7: 0441
Dennis, Lawrence
15: 0835
Denver, Colorado
police brutality 3: 0771
State Federation of Colored Womens
Clubs 7: 0622
Detroit, Michigan
general 8: 0001; 16: 0055
race riots 7: 0228
rape 7: 0228
Discrimination
education 2: 0520; 8: 0507; 10: 0001;
16: 0031, 0318
employment 3: 0518; 8: 0283, 0679;
9: 0232–0651; 10: 0001
housing 3: 0280; 8: 0887; 9: 0232;
16: 0001, 0082, 0086
public transportation 8: 0887; 9: 0427
see also Racial discrimination
Diseases and disorders
syphilis 12: 0527
District of Columbia
police brutality 2: 0275; 8: 0001;
10: 0001
Dodson, Charles
5: 0813
Dozier, Alabama
mob violence 16: 0362
Duffey, Warren J.
18: 0827
Dukes, John
lynching 8: 0001
Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill
1: 0468, 0588; 10: 0377; 16: 0365
Earle, George H.
11: 0442
East Bay Rod and Gun Club
8: 0001
Education
discrimination 2: 0520; 8: 0507;
10: 0001; 16: 0031, 0318
Georgia Teachers and Educational
Association 7: 0622
Walter Mills v. Board of Education of
Anne Arundel County 8: 0679
Edwards, Floyd
lynching 8: 0283
Elaine, Arkansas
race riots 9: 0150; 10: 0299
Elks, The Benevolent and Protective
Order of
3: 0280–0771
Emelle, Alabama
lynchings 16: 0115
39
lynchings 4: 0001, 0202, 0717; 7: 0622;
8: 0283, 0507; 9: 0651; 16: 0009;
18: 0591, 0827; 19: 0260–0623,
0780
Miami 9: 0232
Okaloosa County 16: 0301
Rosewood 16: 0112
Tampa 8: 0679
Forced labor
1: 0001; 2: 0461; 9: 0232; 16: 0352
Foreign languages
German 1: 0001
Fort Lauderdale, Florida
lynchings 7: 0622
Fort Smith, Arkansas
Universal Negro Improvement
Association 16: 0058
Fourteenth Amendment
1: 0127
Franklinton, Louisiana
lynchings 5: 0813
Freedom of speech
3: 0518
Freemasonry
1: 0422
Fuller, Thomas O.
Pictorial History of the American Negro
(book) 3: 0001
Fulton, Georgia
mob violence 9: 0002
Gardena, California
Gardena Valley Democratic Club
7: 0441
Garvey, Marcus
4: 0001
Gavagan Anti-Lynching Bill
10: 0913; 11: 0145, 0329
George, Walter F.
11: 0442
Georgia
Atlanta 7: 0441
Bainbridge 8: 0001
Bartow 17: 0236
Cartersville 4: 0001
Fulton 9: 0002
Employment
discrimination 3: 0518; 8: 0283, 0679;
9: 0232–0651; 10: 0001
National Unemployment Council 19:
0001
see also Labor unions
Enid, Oklahoma
school segregation 16: 0318
Equal rights
see Civil rights
Erick, Oklahoma
lynchings 16: 0115
Ettrick, Virginia
Virginia State College 6: 0312
Europe
16: 0381
Excelsior Springs, Missouri
lynchings 16: 0075
Farm workers
see Agricultural labor
Father Divine
movement 8: 0679; 10: 0777; 14: 0226–
0768; 15: 0074–0835
Righteous Government Platform
15: 0246
Federal Council of Churches of Christ in
America
2: 0520
Federation of Colored Women’s Clubs
7: 0622; 10: 0913
Federation of Democratic Clubs
7: 0441
Fifteenth Amendment
1: 0218
Filibusters
12: 0001, 0673, 0858; 13: 0578
Firearms
East Bay Rod and Gun Club 8: 0001
Firefighters
19: 0680
Florida
Brandon 19: 0001
Clearwater 8: 0001
Hastings 7: 0441
Lantana 16: 0097
40
Georgia Teachers and Educational
Association 7: 0622
lynchings 1: 0468, 0717; 7: 0800;
8: 0001; 10: 0777; 11: 0326;
16: 0045, 0352
police brutality 7: 0622
German language
1: 0001
Gibson, Isaac
9: 0427
Goff, Guy D.
1: 0670
Goldsboro, North Carolina
lynchings 8: 0283
Gordon, James
lynching 16: 0038
Government
investigations 1: 0422; 7: 0800; 8: 0001;
19: 0623
National Recovery Administration
2: 0859
Supreme Court 16: 0217; 18: 0827
U.S. Shipping Board 2: 0275
Veterans Administration 13: 0578
Works Progress Administration 9: 0232
see also Congress, U.S.
Greensboro, Alabama
lynchings 7: 0622
Greensboro, North Carolina
Bennett College for Women 3: 0280
Greenville County, South Carolina
mob violence 19: 0730
Griggs, John
lynching 3: 0771
Grosch, William
9: 0427
Hammonds, Roy
lynching 10: 0255, 0290
Hampton Institute, Hampton, Virginia
4: 0314, 0483, 0580; 5: 0479
Harden, A. T.
lynching 1: 0717, 0767; 2: 0002, 0520;
3: 0280
Harding, Warren G.
1: 0276–0588
Harlem Labor Committee
6: 0001
Harris, Joseph
8: 0001
Hastings, Florida
racial harassment 7: 0441
Heggard, Willie Jack
lynching 8: 0679
Hernando, Mississippi
executions 17: 0648
Herndon, Angelo
3: 0771; 18: 0114, 0591, 0827
Higginbotham, Elwood
lynching 7: 0622
Hill, Quincy
10: 0001
Hispanic Americans
police brutality 3: 0771
Hodges v. United States
1: 0276
Homicide
1: 0767; 5: 0813; 7: 0800; 16: 0115;
19: 0748
see also Lynching
Hoover, Herbert
2: 0275; 16: 0217
Horton, James, Jr.
18: 0002
Hospitals and nursing homes
New Haven Hospital 3: 0001
House of Representatives
Committee on the Judiciary 1: 0670
Household workers
violence 2: 0275
Howard, Isaac
17: 0648
Howard University
student council 2: 0002
Hughes, George
lynching 16: 0217
Illinois
Chicago 10: 0263, 0296
House of Representatives 3: 0518
Senate 6: 0513; 10: 0913
41
Impeachment
2: 0002; 19: 0146
Imperial Valley, California
harassment 3: 0518; 18: 0114
Indiana
House of Representatives 7: 0001
International Juridical Association
1: 0767
International Labor Defense (ILD)
1: 0767; 2: 0002, 0520, 0859; 4: 0001;
7: 0622; 8: 0283; 16: 0176, 0381,
0606; 17: 0002–0648; 18: 0002–
19: 0260
International Red Aid
16: 0381
International Uplift League
10: 0377
International Workers Order
8: 0001
Interracial Conference of Church Women
7: 0800
Interracial marriage
10: 0001; 11: 0329
Investigations
see under Government
Iowa
House of Representatives 11: 0329
Islam
general 10: 0001
Moorish American Religious League
9: 0427
Jackson, Mississippi
lynchings 16: 0026
Jamaica Gleaner (periodical)
9: 0002
Jehovah’s Witnesses
10: 0001, 0239
Jews
pro-German 1: 0001
Union of American Hebrew
Congregations 1: 0767
Jim Crow laws
9: 0427, 0651; 19: 0775
Johnson, Joe Spinner
lynching 7: 0622
Johnson, Will
lynching 16: 0009
Johnston, Pennsylvania
evictions 16: 0086
Jones, Johnny
17: 0648
Judgments, civil procedure
Adeline Carlton v. Southern Railway
Company 1: 0767
Hodges v. United States 1: 0276
Scottsboro Boys case 17: 0648;
18: 0002, 0827
Walter Mills v. Board of Education of
Anne Arundel County 8: 0679
Jury duty
1: 0127; 19: 0771
Kansas
police brutality 2: 0275
Kellihan, Pete
8: 0887
Kentucky
Covington 1: 0001
lynchings 16: 0348
Kidnapping
federal legislation 2: 0520; 18: 0591,
0827; 19: 0260–0623, 0755
Kirbyville, Texas
lynchings 3: 0771
Kirvin, Texas
lynchings 1: 0468; 16: 0115
Kiser, Wilhemena
1: 0767
Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
1: 0468; 3: 0001; 8: 0001, 0507, 0679;
10: 0001; 12: 0382; 13: 0790
Labor unions
Canadian Labor Defense League 16:
0381
Congress of Industrial Organizations
8: 0679; 11: 0442
general 18: 0114
Harlem Labor Committee 6: 0001
International Workers Order 8: 0001
United Front Auto Workers Conference
2: 0520
42
see also International Labor Defense
(ILD)
Lantana, Florida
voting rights 16: 0097
Lawyers
Ades, Bernard 2: 0461
International Juridical Association
1: 0767
National Bar Association 8: 0887
see also International Labor Defense
(ILD)
League for Civil Rights and Justice
7: 0441
League of American Patriots
1: 0001
Lee County, Georgia
lynchings 11: 0326
Lee, Euel
lynching 2: 0002, 0461
Legion of Honor
7: 0228
Lewis, George
16: 0329
Library of Congress
bibliography on civil rights 1: 0276
Lindsay, Roland
10: 0001
Lindsey, W. H.
2: 0275
Locust Grove, Georgia
lynchings 1: 0717
Los Angeles, California
housing discrimination 8: 0887
Louisburg, North Carolina
lynchings 7: 0622
Louisiana
lynchings 2: 0859; 5: 0813; 13: 0790
New Orleans 3: 0280; 10: 0001
Lowry, Henry
lynching 8: 0001
Luverne, Alabama
lynchings 8: 0887; 15: 0835
Lynching
Aiken, S.C. 16: 0365
Alabama 16: 0014, 0176
Armwood, George 1: 0717; 2: 0002,
0520
Atkins, Charles 1: 0468
Baldwin, Kirby 8: 0283
Banks, Claude 14: 0001
Blaydes, Albert 16: 0018
Cheek, Cord 3: 0001; 19: 0748
The Chosen People (book) 6: 0607
Coleman, Lindsey 16: 0026
Collins, Ernest 7: 0622
Dendy, Norris F. 1: 0717; 3: 0771;
7: 0441
Dukes, John 8: 0001
Edwards, Floyd 8: 0283
Erick, Okla. 16: 0115
Georgia 16: 0352
Gordon, James 16: 0038
Griggs, John 3: 0771
Hammonds, Roy 10: 0255, 0290
Harden, A. T. 1: 0717, 0767; 2: 0002,
0520; 3: 0280
Heggard, Willie Jack 8: 0679
Higginbotham, Elwood 7: 0622
Hughes, George 16: 0217
Johnson, Joe Spinner 7: 0622
Johnson, Will 16: 0009
Kentucky border 16: 0348
Kirvin, Tex. 16: 0115
Lee County, Ga. 11: 0326
Lee, Euel 2: 0002, 0461
Lowry, Henry 8: 0001
McDaniels, Bootjack 8: 0001; 10: 0913
McGhee, R. D. 7: 0622
McGowan, Wilder 8: 0001, 0283
Mississippi 16: 0034
Mitchell, Benny 7: 0622
Mitchell, Miller 16: 0075
Moore, Will 1: 0422
Nashville, Tenn. 16: 0079
Neal, Claude 4: 0001, 0202, 0717;
16: 0009; 18: 0591, 0827; 19: 0260–
0623, 0780
Picayune, Miss. 9: 0228
Pippen, Dan, Jr. 1: 0717, 0767; 2: 0002,
0520; 3: 0280
43
Lynching cont.
Quincy, Fla. 9: 0651
Robinson, Esau 16: 0115
Rockyford, Ga. 16: 0045
Rodgers, Joe 8: 0507; 14: 0001
Selby, George 9: 0002
Shaw, Lint 7: 0800; 10: 0777
Shepherd, Charles 16: 0276
Snell, Lee 8: 0283, 0507
South Carolina 16: 0352
Stacy, Ruben 7: 0622
statistics 3: 0518; 10: 0659; 11: 0002
support for 3: 0001; 8: 0001; 13: 0790;
15: 0835; 16: 0606; 17: 0002, 0236
Texas 1: 0468
Thibodeaux, Norman 2: 0859
Thornton, Jesse 8: 0887; 15: 0835
Townes, Roosevelt 8: 0001; 10: 0913
Virginia border 16: 0348
Ward, Govan 7: 0622
Waynesboro, Miss. 16: 0365
Western Anti-Lynch Conference 3: 0001
Wilkins, J. H. 1: 0717
Williams, Elbert 8: 0887
Williams, R. C. 13: 0790
Wilson, Jerome 5: 0813
Young, Ab 7: 0228; 19: 0755, 0768
see also Antilynching legislation
Madisonville, Texas
racial harassment 16: 0318
Manning, Frank
8: 0887
Manslaughter
New Haven Hospital 3: 0001
Marriage
interracial 10: 0001; 11: 0329
Maryland
Anne Arundel County 8: 0679
Baltimore 10: 0377
lynchings 1: 0717; 2: 0002, 0520, 0859;
9: 0002
Massachusetts
legislature 6: 0785
McDaniels, Bootjack
lynching 8: 0001; 10: 0913
McGhee, Ernest
17: 0648
McGhee, R. D.
lynching 7: 0622
McGowan, Wilder
lynching 8: 0001, 0283
Miami, Florida
police brutality 9: 0232
Michigan
Detroit 7: 0228; 8: 0001; 16: 0055
Military personnel
black Americans 1: 0422
general 1: 0276
Mills, Walter
Walter Mills v. Board of Education of
Anne Arundel County 8: 0679
Mines and mining
strike 3: 0518, 0771
Minnesota
legislature 7: 0348; 10: 0913
Minority groups
Conference on the Problems of
Minorities 3: 0518
Hispanic Americans 3: 0771
see also Black Americans
Mississippi
Hernando 17: 0648
Illinois Central Railway System
19: 0680
lynchings 1: 0001, 0422; 7: 0228, 0622;
8: 0001–0679; 9: 0228; 10: 0913;
14: 0001; 16: 0026, 0034, 0276,
0365; 19: 0755, 0768
mob violence 16: 0329
railroad workers 10: 0275
Missouri
agricultural labor 16: 0108
lynchings 10: 0255, 0290; 16: 0075
police brutality 9: 0651
Mitchell, Benny
lynching 7: 0622
Mitchell, Miller
lynching 16: 0075
Mobs
1: 0001–0588, 0767; 2: 0859; 6: 0785;
7: 0228, 0800; 8: 0001; 9: 0002;
44
10: 0259; 16: 0055, 0181, 0329,
0362, 0365; 17: 0236; 19: 0001,
0730
see also Lynching
Mooney, Tom
17: 0474, 0648
Moore, Will
lynching 1: 0422
Moorish American Religious League
9: 0427
Murder
see Homicide
Nashville, Tennessee
lynchings 3: 0001; 16: 0079; 19: 0748
National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People
(NAACP)
antilynching legislation 1: 0218;
2: 0859; 7: 0622, 0800; 11: 0002
The Crisis (periodical) 7: 0441
general 1: 0001, 0127, 0422, 0588;
2: 0461, 0520; 3: 0001; 4: 0202,
0717; 5: 0314, 0813; 6: 0607–0785;
8: 0887; 9: 0150, 0232, 0427; 10:
0777; 11: 0145, 0442; 12: 0001,
0673, 0858–13: 0405; 15: 0647;
18: 0591; 19: 0260, 0752
meeting records 8: 0283–0679; 9: 0002;
14: 0001
Neal, Claude, lynching 19: 0623
weekly press releases 4: 0001; 8: 0001,
0507, 0679; 9: 0002; 10: 0377, 0659;
12: 0178; 14: 0001; 19: 0446
Youth Council and College Chapter
8: 0679
National Bar Association
8: 0887
National Conference of Problems of
Negro and Negro Youth
8: 0283
National Encampment of the United
Spanish War Veterans
3: 0771
National Negro Square Deal Association
of America
11: 0329
National Recovery Administration
2: 0859
National Scottsboro Action Committee
Negro Rights Bill proposal 1: 0767
National Unemployment Council
19: 0001
Native Son (book)
8: 0887
Navy
16: 0199
Neal, Claude
lynching 4: 0001, 0202, 0717; 16: 0009;
18: 0591, 0827; 19: 0260–0623,
0780
Nebraska
House of Representatives 7: 0129
Omaha 1: 0276
Negro American Alliance
9: 0427
Negro Ministerial Alliance
2: 0859
Negro Rights Bill
1: 0767
New Haven, Connecticut
New Haven Hospital 3: 0001
New History Society
3: 0001
New Jersey
Camden 9: 0002
New London, Connecticut
violence 16: 0199
New Orleans, Louisiana
Elks, The Benevolent and Protective
Order of 3: 0280
police brutality 10: 0001
New York
Masons 1: 0422
racial discrimination 9: 0651
New York City, New York
Harlem Labor Committee 6: 0001
Newspapers
Chicago Defender 10: 0296
coverage of Gavagan Anti-Lynching Bill
11: 0145
Norris, Clarence
18: 0330, 0591
45
KKK 1: 0468; 3: 0001; 8: 0001, 0507,
0679; 10: 0001; 12: 0382; 13: 0790
League for Civil Rights and Justice
7: 0441
League of American Patriots 1: 0001
Legion of Honor 7: 0228
National Bar Association 8: 0887
National Encampment of the United
Spanish War Veterans 3: 0771
National Negro Square Deal Association
of America 11: 0329
National Scottsboro Action Committee
1: 0767
Negro American Alliance 9: 0427
Negro Ministerial Alliance 2: 0859
New History Society 3: 0001
Omega Psi Phi Fraternity 6: 0219
Peace Heroes Memorial Society 3: 0518
The People’s Committee of Detroit,
Mich. 8: 0001
Republican Interstate League 1: 0670
United Civic League 1: 0127; 9: 0651
Universal Negro Improvement
Association 4: 0001; 7: 0441;
16: 0058
Women’s International League for Peace
and Freedom 2: 0520; 4: 0001;
6: 0513; 11: 0329
Women’s Political Study Club of
California 9: 0232
Young Pioneers of America 17: 0236
see also Labor unions
see also National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People
(NAACP)
see also Religious organizations
see also Young Men’s Christian
Association (YMCA)
see also Young Women’s Christian
Association (YWCA)
Oxford, Mississippi
lynchings 7: 0622
Parker, John J.
16: 0217
Patterson, Haywood
18: 0330, 0591
North Carolina
Bennett College for Women 3: 0280
Chadbourn 8: 0887
jury duty 19: 0771
lynchings 1: 0001; 7: 0622; 8: 0283
voting rights 1: 0127
Oakland, California
East Bay Rod and Gun Club 8: 0001
YMCA 7: 0800
Ohio
Cleveland 3: 0771
Highway Patrol 9: 0232
Okaloosa County, Florida
race relations 16: 0301
Oklahoma
Beckham County 16: 0181
Enid 16: 0318
lynchings 16: 0115
Tulsa 9: 0904; 10: 0310
Omaha, Nebraska
violence against veterans 1: 0276
Omega Psi Phi Fraternity
6: 0219
Orange County, California
black prisoners 16: 0050
Organizations and associations
Association of Negro Radicals 2: 0275
Blue Ribbon Benefit Society 2: 0859
Citizens Patriotic League 1: 0001
Colored Men’s Progressive Association
7: 0001
East Bay Rod and Gun Club 8: 0001
Elks, The Benevolent and Protective
Order of 3: 0280–0771
Federation of Colored Women’s Clubs
7: 0622; 10: 0913
Federation of Democratic Clubs 7: 0441
Freemasonry 1: 0422
Gardena Valley Democratic Club
7: 0441
Georgia Teachers and Educational
Association 7: 0622
International Juridical Association
1: 0767
International Red Aid 16: 0381
International Uplift League 10: 0377
46
Peace Heroes Memorial Society
3: 0518
Peace movements
Father Divine Peace Mission Movement
10: 0777
Peace Heroes Memorial Society 3: 0518
Women’s International League for Peace
and Freedom 2: 0520; 4: 0001;
6: 0513; 11: 0329
Pennsylvania
Johnston 16: 0086
Peonage
see Forced labor
The People’s Committee (Detroit,
Michigan)
8: 0001
Periodicals
The Crisis 7: 0441
Jamaica Gleaner 9: 0002
Picayune, Mississippi
lynchings 9: 0228
Pickens, Mississippi
lynchings 8: 0679
Pictorial History of the American Negro
(book)
3: 0001
Pinkinson, Major
16: 0329
Pippen, Dan, Jr.
lynching 1: 0717, 0767; 2: 0002, 0520;
3: 0280
Pocomoke City, Maryland
lynchings 9: 0002
Police
brutality 2: 0275; 3: 0771; 6: 0785;
7: 0622; 8: 0001; 9: 0232, 0651;
10: 0001
general 5: 0813; 8: 0887; 9: 0427
Ohio Highway Patrol 9: 0232
Political parties
Communist Party of America 10: 0310
Republican Party 1: 0588; 19: 0260
Poll tax
9: 0232
Postal service
1: 0218
Powell, Ozie
19: 0001, 0146, 0260
Presidential appointments
FDR 8: 0283
Press
Associated Negro Press 1: 0276
Price, Victoria
18: 0114
Printing
2: 0859
Prisoners
general 8: 0001; 9: 0427, 0651; 16: 0050
torture 3: 0771
Prisons
Wetumpka State Prison 9: 0651
Providence, Rhode Island
Elks, The Benevolent and Protective
Order of 3: 0518
Public opinion polls
11: 0442
Quakers
see Society of Friends
Quincy, Florida
lynchings 9: 0651
Race riots
see Riots and disorders
Racial discrimination
general 2: 0520; 3: 0001, 0280; 4: 0001,
0580; 7: 0228; 9: 0232, 0651;
13: 0698
lawyers 8: 0887
military personnel 8: 0887
U.S. Shipping Board 2: 0275
Railroads
Adeline Carlton v. Southern Railway
Company 1: 0767
general 10: 0275
Illinois Central Railway System
19: 0680
Rape
3: 0001; 7: 0228; 9: 0427; 10: 0001
Religions
Baptists 2: 0002; 6: 0680; 18: 0827
Church of Christ 2: 0520
Father Divine 8: 0679; 10: 0777; 14:
0226–0768; 15: 0074–0835
47
Religions cont.
Islam 9: 0427; 10: 0001
Jehovah’s Witnesses 10: 0001, 0239
Judaism 1: 0001, 0767
religious services 1: 0001
Society of Friends 1: 0468
Religious organizations
Baptist Ministers Conference 2: 0002;
6: 0680
Colored Women’s National Evangelistic
Missionary Conference 16: 0034
Federal Council of Churches of Christ in
America 2: 0520
Interracial Conference of Church
Women 7: 0800
Moorish American Religious League
9: 0427
Union of American Hebrew
Congregations 1: 0767
Republican Interstate League
1: 0670
Republican Party
1: 0588; 19: 0260
Reverend Major Jealous Divine
see Father Divine
Rhode Island
Providence 3: 0518
Richmond, Virginia
segregation 16: 0267
Riots and disorders
Arkansas 10: 0257
Chicago, Ill. 10: 0263
Detroit, Mich. 7: 0228
Elaine, Ark. 9: 0150; 10: 0299
Rosewood, Fla. 16: 0112
Tulsa, Okla. 9: 0904; 10: 0310
see also Mobs
Ritchie, Albert C.
impeachment 2: 0002
Robinson, Esau
lynching 16: 0115
Robinson, John Newt
16: 0115
Rockyford, Georgia
lynchings 16: 0045
Rodgers, Joe
lynching 8: 0507; 14: 0001
Rolph, James, Jr.
16: 0606; 17: 0002, 0236
Rome, Mississippi
lynchings 16: 0276
Roosevelt, Eleanor
3: 0518
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano (FDR)
antilynching legislation support 2: 0002,
0520, 0859–8: 0001, 0679; 9: 0002;
10: 0659–11: 0002, 0145, 0329–
15: 0835; 19: 0446
lynching denunciations 2: 0520
Scottsboro Boys, appeals for help
16: 0381–19: 0001, 0146
Rosewood, Florida
race riots 16: 0112
Rowans, Robert
7: 0800
Royston, Georgia
lynchings 7: 0800; 10: 0777
Ruston, Louisiana
lynchings 13: 0790
San Francisco, California
Jews 1: 0001
Sandlin, J. S.
19: 0001, 0146, 0260
Scottsboro, Alabama
see Scottsboro Boys
Scottsboro Boys
1: 0767; 2: 0002, 0859; 3: 0771; 4: 0717;
6: 0785; 7: 0622; 12: 0001; 16: 0267,
0381–19: 0001, 0146, 0780
Segregation
armed forces 9: 0427
black homeland proposal 4: 0580
Jim Crow laws 9: 0427, 0651; 19: 0771
Richmond, Va. 16: 0267
Smith, Bolton, pamphlet 1: 0276
Selby, George
lynching 9: 0002
Senate
Committee on the Judiciary 11: 0002
filibuster 12: 0001, 0673, 0858; 13: 0578
general 7: 0800
48
Sentences, criminal procedure
9: 0232
Shamblin, R. L.
2: 0520
Shaw, Lint
lynching 7: 0800; 10: 0777
Shepherd, Charles
lynching 16: 0276
Sherman, Texas
lynchings 16: 0217
Ships and shipbuilding
Tampa Shipbuilding Yards 8: 0679
U.S. Shipping Board 2: 0275
Slavery
see Forced labor
Slayden, Mississippi
lynchings 7: 0228; 19: 0755, 0768
Smith, Bolton
1: 0276
Smith, Willmer
9: 0427
Snell, Lee
lynching 8: 0283, 0507
Society of Friends
1: 0468
South Carolina
Greenville County 19: 0730
lynchings 1: 0717; 3: 0771; 7: 0441;
16: 0352, 0365
St. Matthews 16: 0082
Southern Railway Company
Adeline Carlton v. Southern Railway
Company 1: 0767
Spingarn, Arthur B.
8: 0679
Stacy, Ruben
lynching 7: 0622
Statistics
lynching 3: 0518; 10: 0659; 11: 0002
St. Louis, Missouri
police brutality 9: 0651
St. Matthews, South Carolina
Whaley, Pink, forced exile 16: 0082
Stockdale, Texas
mob violence 7: 0228
Stone, Lee
16: 0115
Supreme Court
Parker, John J., nomination 16: 0217
Scottsboro Boys case 18: 0827
Sweetwater County, Wyoming
Colored Men’s Progressive Association
7: 0001
Syphilis
12: 0527
Tampa, Florida
shipbuilding yards 8: 0679
Taxation
poll tax 9: 0232
Teachers
Georgia Teachers and Educational
Association 7: 0622
Tennessee
Chattanooga 2: 0275
lynchings 3: 0001; 8: 0887; 16: 0079;
19: 0748
police brutality 6: 0785
railroad workers 10: 0275
Texas
Beaumont 7: 0228
Dallas 9: 0232, 0651; 10: 0001
general 9: 0651
jury duty 1: 0127
lynchings 1: 0001, 0468; 3: 0771;
7: 0622; 16: 0115, 0217
Madisonville 16: 0318
police brutality 7: 0622
Stockdale 7: 0228
Thibodeaux, Norman
lynching 2: 0859
Thornton, Jesse
lynching 8: 0887; 15: 0835
Torture
3: 0771
Townes, Roosevelt
lynching 8: 0001; 10: 0913
Transportation
Adeline Carlton v. Southern Railway
Company 2: 0275
49
kidnapping legislation 2: 0520; 18: 0591,
0827; 19: 0260–0623, 0755
Negro Rights Bill proposal 1: 0767
see also Antilynching legislation
Van Nuys, Frederick
7: 0800
Veterans
National Encampment of the United
Spanish War Veterans 3: 0771
Veterans Administration
13: 0578
Violence
bombs 9: 0651
burning at the stake 1: 0468
death threats 3: 0771
general 2: 0275; 3: 0001, 0280; 8: 0887;
9: 0427, 0651; 19: 0001, 0146, 0680
homicide 1: 0767; 5: 0813; 7: 0800;
16: 0115; 19: 0748
kidnapping 2: 0520; 18: 0591, 0827;
19: 0260–0623, 0755
manslaughter 3: 0001
military personnel 1: 0276, 0422;
16: 0199
police brutality 2: 0275; 3: 0771;
6: 0785; 7: 0622; 8: 0001; 9: 0232,
0651; 10: 0001
railroad workers 10: 0275
rape 3: 0001; 7: 0228; 9: 0427; 10: 0001
sexual assault 9: 0232
torture 3: 0771
see also Capital punishment
see also Lynching
see also Mobs
Virginia
Chatham 9: 0232
Hampton Institute 4: 0314, 0483, 0580;
5: 0479
lynchings 16: 0038, 0348
Richmond 16: 0267
Virginia State College 6: 0312
Virginia State College, Ettrick, Virginia
6: 0312
Voting rights
Transportation cont.
Illinois Central Railway System
19: 0680
public transportation 8: 0887; 9: 0427
railroads 10: 0275
U.S. Shipping Board 2: 0275
Trials
16: 0055
see also Scottsboro Boys
Tucson, Arizona
10: 0001
Tullis, J. J.
1: 0767
Tulsa, Oklahoma
race riots 9: 0904; 10: 0310
Tuscaloosa, Alabama
lynchings 1: 0717, 0767; 2: 0002, 0520;
3: 0280
Tuskegee Institute, Tuskegee, Alabama
8: 0001; 11: 0688; 12: 0001; 13: 0790
Unemployment
National Recovery Administration
2: 0859
National Unemployment Council 19:
0001
Union of American Hebrew
Congregations
1: 0767
United Civic League
Declaration of Principles 1: 0127
resolution 9: 0651
United Front Auto Workers Conference
2: 0520
Universal Negro Improvement
Association
4: 0001; 7: 0441; 16: 0058
Upton, Samuel
9: 0427
Urban transportation
discrimination 8: 0887; 9: 0427
U.S. Shipping Board
2: 0275
U.S. statutes
Connecticut Conference on Social and
Labor Legislation 14: 0001
Jim Crow laws 9: 0427, 0651; 19: 0775
1: 0127; 7: 0441; 8: 0283–9: 0002,
0651; 11: 0688; 16: 0097
50
Wagner, Robert F.
8: 0001
see also Costigan-Wagner AntiLynching Bill
Waller, Odell
9: 0232
Walter Mills v. Board of Education of
Anne Arundel County
8: 0679
Ward, Govan
lynching 7: 0622
Washington, D.C.
see District of Columbia
Waverly, Virginia
lynchings 16: 0038
Waynesboro, Mississippi
lynchings 16: 0365
Western Anti-Lynch Conference
3: 0001
Western Union
3: 0518, 0771
Wetumpka State Prison (Alabama)
9: 0651
Whaley, Pink
16: 0082
White, Robert
9: 0651
Wichita, Kansas
police brutality 2: 0275
Wiggins, Mississippi
lynchings 7: 0622; 8: 0001, 0283
Wilkins, J. H.
lynching 1: 0717
Williams, A. H.
2: 0859
Williams, Elbert
lynching 8: 0887
Williams, R. C.
lynching 13: 0790
Wilson, Jerome
lynching 5: 0813
Wilson, Woodrow
1: 0001
Wilson, Arkansas
lynchings 16: 0018
Winona, Mississippi
lynchings 8: 0001; 10: 0913
Wisconsin
legislature 10: 0377
Women
Bennett College for Women 3: 0280
Colored Women’s National Evangelistic
Missionary Conference 16: 0034
Federation of Colored Women’s Clubs
7: 0622; 10: 0913
forced labor 1: 0001
Interracial Conference of Church
Women 7: 0800
Political Study Club of California
9: 0232
prisoners 9: 0651
see also Young Women’s Christian
Association (YWCA)
Women’s International League for Peace
and Freedom
2: 0520; 4: 0001; 6: 0513; 11: 0329
Women’s Political Study Club of
California
9: 0232
Works Progress Administration
9: 0232
Wright, Ada
16: 0381
Wright, Richard
Native Son (book) 8: 0887
Wyoming
Sweetwater County 7: 0001
Young, Ab
lynching 7: 0228; 19: 0755, 0768
Young Men’s Christian Association
(YMCA)
6: 0001, 0095, 0219; 7: 0800; 19: 0446
Young Pioneers of America
17: 0236
Young Women’s Christian Association
(YWCA)
3: 0001, 0280, 0518; 4: 0001–0818;
5: 0314–0813; 6: 0001–0219, 0680;
7: 0129, 0348; 10: 0659, 0913;
11: 0442, 0688; 18: 0591, 0827;
19: 0446, 0623
51
Youth
general 8: 0887
Howard University Student Council
2: 0002
NAACP Youth Council and College
Chapter 8: 0679
National Conference of Problems of
Negro and Negro Youth 8: 0283
Young Pioneers of America 17: 0236
see also Young Men’s Christian
Association (YMCA)
see also Young Women’s Christian
Association (YWCA)
Zarucha, Robert M.
3: 0001
52
Related UPA Collections
Black Studies Research Sources
Federal Surveillance of Afro Americans (1917–1925): The First
World War, the Red Scare, and the Garvey Movement
New Deal Agencies and Black America
The Peonage Files of the U.S. Department of Justice,
1901–1945
Papers of the NAACP
Civil Rights During the Eisenhower Administration
Civil Rights During the Kennedy Administration
Civil Rights During the Johnson Administration, 1963–1969
Civil Rights During the Nixon Administration, 1969–1974
Other Titles in African American Studies
The Documentary History of the Franklin D. Roosevelt
Presidency, Vol. 11: FDR and Protection from Lynching,
1934–1945
UPA Collections from LexisNexis®
www.lexisnexis.com/academic
I
n February 1938, Mrs. Viola West of White Plains, New York, posted an eloquent
plea against racial discrimination to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. “This thing,”
she wrote, referring to the practice of lynching, “is as a black cloud hanging over our
race: where ever we go we see it, we hear it, we feel it deep down into the very
depths of our souls.” She confessed that when she peered into the future, she “shuddered
with the fear of uncertainty,” and beseeched the president: “Can you realize yourself what
these things are doing to the colored race of America? If we cannot look to the
government of which we are subjected for protection, where or to whom can we turn?”
Ranging from 1911 until 1943, the documents in this collection of Department of Justice
files on civil rights center broadly on the practice of lynching and specifically upon the
thousands of letters written to protest this form of extralegal “punishment.” The core of
the collection consists of two bundles of letters to the president. Interspersed with the
letters are clusters of documents on a variety of related topics: race riots, lynching
investigations, press reports and meeting records from the National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), personal letters of complaint and requests for
assistance, and newspaper clippings and memorandums concerning antilynching bills.
More than half the collection deals with letters concerning attempts to pass federal
antilynching legislation. A series of bills were passed by the House of Representatives
only to die in the Senate; these failures were not for lack of vocal public support: a major
campaign was mounted in support of the Costigan-Wagner Bill, led by such
organizations as the YWCA and NAACP but also backed by hundreds of other
organizations and individuals. Despite the correspondence sent his way, Roosevelt
refused to support the legislation publicly, fearing that it would cost him Democratic
votes in the South and lead to defeat in the 1936 presidential election. His reticence, apart
from a few isolated pronouncements against lynching, allowed southern senators
impunity to filibuster a succession of antilynching bills to death.
This collection offers a valuable glimpse into the minds of ordinary men and women,
both black and white, in the first half of the twentieth century. It provides a powerful look
at public sentiments toward lynching in the crucial interwar years, while documenting the
campaign to change federal antilynching laws. This collection will appeal to students of a
wide variety of topics, including civil rights, race relations, lynching, public opinion, and
grassroots democracy.
UPA Collections from LexisNexis®
www.lexisnexis.com/academic