FIRST TO BUILD GOOD ROADS
. McAdam , by Hlo Invention and Work ,
Did Much to Advance the Prosperity of Eng land.
The Inventor ot macadamized road s
was John Loudon McAdam and few
(inventors ever gave their mime more
{currenc y tlinn lie did by his good roads
Invention. lie was born In Scotland In
1756 and enme pretty near becoming
an Amer i can , for he came to New
York In 1770 and remained there In
I the em ploy of an uncle 13 years. Bejturn ing to England In 1783 he took up
( the stu dy of rond-tuakln g and from
I that time on It was his life work. He
I was the father of good roads la EngMncau lay, In his history of
Uand.
'-En gland , has a cha pter on the bad
I roads of that period in which he says,
4'0n the best lines of communication
j the ruts were deep, the descents were
|preci pitous and the way often such as
ilt was hard ly possible to distinguish.
lit ha ppened , almost ever y day, that
i-coaches stuck fast , until a team of entitle could be procured from some nelghI borin g farm to tug them out of the
slough. " McACam 's views in re gard
to road-makin g, especially In rega rd to
the use of broken stone , were finally
adopted by the authorities and In 1827
be was appointed surveyor general of
Parliament
[ roads In Great Britain.
Voted him 550,000 for his services and
.offered him kni ghthood and a title , but
|he declined them. He died la 1830 In
i bis eighty-first year.
A biographer
' says : "McAdum 's efforts lar gely contributed to produce that network of
mall coach communication In Engla nd
which , for some years before railwa ys
were introduced , greatly advanced the
nation 's prosperity and prepared the
' •way for the railwa y system. " His system was ado pted In the construction of
the old national road In this count r y.
RIO DIFFERENCE
The Proof Is Here the Same
As Everywhere.
For those who seek relief from kidney
Tjackacbe, weak kidneys , bladder ills,
Dean's Kidney Pills offer ho pe of relief
and tbe proo f Is here in Sayville , tbe
Sayville people
same aa everywhere.
have recomme nded Doan 's, the kidney
remedy used in America for fif ty years.
"Why Bufl er '! Way run tbe risk ot dang
erous kidne y ills—fatal Brlgbt 's disease.
Here's Say ville proof. Investigate It.
John Ostor. Micon St., Sayville , L. I , mysi
"From over work and exposure , my back at
times ached. I bad pains in my back all the time
and trhffn 7 lieard of Doan 's Ki d ney Pills . T pnt a
box at Tliornhtll' s Drug Store. They relieved
rae and I can say that they are ureal for anyone
suffering with backache.
Price 50c, at all dealers. Don 't simply ask for
a kidney remedy—pot Doan 's Kidney Hills—the
same that Mr. Oster had. Foster Mtlbnrn Co. *
Props. , Buffalo, N. Y.
No tice to Creditors.
I N PtmiUMttlB OV tM ORDER OF HON
1 RE1.MI 11. STltONa . Surro j -iue of tho County
of Suffolk:
Notice Is hereby given , accordin g to law , to a ll
prions Imvh n; claims against WILLIAM
? UR DYRIl N SNON. luteof thn Town f t Is'lp.
I n said County, deceased, that they are required
to exhibit the Hnine . with the vouche s thereof ,
to the subscribe r. Executor of Ihe Last Will ami
Test ament of said deeeas (I. at tho law ofllce of
JOSKI'H WOOD. Ins attorney, on Main Street,
in Sayville. In wild Town of Isllp, on or befo re
the tenth tlay of August. 1017.
Dated February 1st, 11117.
Cluit LKS ft. Punnv. Executor Ac, of
WILLIAM l'UKDY SHANNON ,
deceased .
llStlM
J osKI 'll Wnoi> , At torney.
Citation .
THK PKOPI.H lIF TIIK STATU OK NEW
YORK.
TO
Mary It elnfra n l.'
Dora [tailing
Mettn Witt
.tnhi i Molivlntr
Dlodrlch Molirli iK
Henry Mohrlnp
Arnhold Pickun
person * Interested In the estate us heirs at. law
and next of kin or otherwise , of Kebeckn MohrteiiH, Into of lha Town of Town , County of diiffolk, drte ensei), Rend Or eotlnir:
WHKUEft R. niiutrtch Mohrben s rosldliiK at
Sayville, N. Y . Kxeciitor named In tho will
of said decerned , lately applied to our Harrogate 's Court of tlio Comity of Suffolk to have
n, certain Instrument In \v ttluff hearing date the
SOili day of November , tlllO. rolatln g to both real
nnd pnr snnal property, duly proved as thu Last
Will and Testament of thn salt! deceased.
THE HRFOllE. You and each ot you are cited
to show cause before our said Siirro wtto at the
Surro gate 's Ofllce In the village of (Overhead
nml T> wn of Itlvorhnad. In tlio County of Huffolk , on Monday, the tilth day of March. 1017 al,
1 o'clonk In tho afternoon of Unit day, why Haiti
In n triininntHhnuld not bo admitted to prubato as
the last Will unit Testament of said deceased.
And such of you as am hereby cited uaare under
tlio aire of twenty one yearn may ippear by your
guardian. If you have one. or If you havo none ,
you inay apply for one to be appointed , or lu tho
event or your neglect or failure to do so a guardian will ho appointed hy the rlurrovn 'e to represent and act for you in the proceeding.
IN THS TIMONV WIIKIlliOK. Wo have i-aiisod
the Seal of the Miu-rogat -'h Court of our said
County of Hurfglk to tie hereun io aftlxed.
Witnkss . Hon Hki .aii II Hthonu ,
Surrogate of our said county, at HIv ertiead , N. Y,, t hla Mill day of
( I,. 11.1
.lauuary, 1IH7.
Wu, II.Mott,
«8to
Clerk of ihoflui -ro gato 'M Cour t.
_ IN VOUliaUO^ VllK- County Court , Hu ffo It County, John Holuiboi -g, luminal Odn
Alltw Miiler ann Kt -hH r, Individually and lis extj mitrlx of tho last Wi ll and Testament of Otti
, deceased, Peonlo of tho HUlo of Nuw
J tat,kj on
, .A lf 1 "• """ roil . Maurleo .T DIr , plain
X£!
""
tiff- attorney,
tot Cnnrtl nmU Avonno , llronx ,
New York.
Pnniiiinl to u Jud gment of forooloaiira ami
Mleenterad tiiBilii ii iVny of Junii ary. 1017, the
undarmlBiHMl will uell at imMlomiolton, nt
nr on
t l!S„,r °'lt l<, w ,„t,ia t-n nnty Court lloiuo nl
¦
. .i V, LHul.Sfolk County,
ltlvorheail
New York, at 10
ont
,Bl
h
Unroll
,
1017,
the
2£te.H j P?? ." l. "»v °'
Si'hi'SSV!.V.r*ml"?r »'»o<i>il l>y »i«» indginont
cn,,nfy
^s^st^A^z
or
of ^"^ ,mi
•lAl&i!!.".!* W . "" col "' '»»'• wltuntea m
of Naw York nnd nro mor» iiar tliuiUrly tlauorllMd on n oertaln map draw i hy 1C.I, Wro
n
pffloa at Itlvorliead mm tuuivUr eiNMUttil M »»li
lou ore loratoil pn t \M Wo ,t 0|«Vof Unooln
AvaniiB , nnd nre the uiim lata of land 'l.aor bed
Inniid fjonvoyoilby tlmiloo d of Ifrnno la SlcOot
tor to Almroinlnr M<n'ogg^rtitat«l lamiiiriilt n
oftloe, Mliar 170 of Iloodu , pugo I7fl. fo whlnh
deed reference In to In h«,| rnr « mora twrilo
titer dewirli itlon of tlio IiukI Uar aliy enn'v.y" ,
Hald (uiRi Tiif laud lmruby convoyed la to em
*
'•' "
tntn tan ttoroii.
A pprdiliimu i iitnoiuitof iiiorl gai/o dohi . 0«m»
ullaw un uBnml Intora nt. «00il an, " *" >"•"<< "" »•»•
Iiateil , Jiiniiiiry 11 , 1017.
NATIUK O. 1'aTTV ,
««t7
Uefoi-ud,
Notice lo Creditors.
piimuu niin of an order nt Hon Holali II
IN (lini
ng, Surrogate of ttio county of Hurfulk .
Nnllce Is hxroliy glven .acoorilliig In law , lo n il
iiersouu havin g nlalmu ngnliint Tuard I I. Iivk aim, hue nf Ihe Town nt tulip, ihaiMu aii. llml
they are ri 'n nlrcid loiixh lblt the sanio wllh tin
vouchor s Ihnronf, to thn nuhm -rlt ier nt the nnU 'u
nf lliiliih 1). tlr nene In Ha yvllle , Hu ffolk Uoiinly,
Now York , on or before thn Dili dny of Milieu ,
1017.
Dated Meplonitiii r 7lh , 1010.
aiM ' n™ «0, Uviistiia , ICinciilrlK,
It A ll'lM l, IlllUKKK.
Atlorui' y for niwiitrlx ,
llayvlllo , N, Y,
Ml
Subscribe Now for tlio Nows
FOOD VERY SHORT ,
GERMANY ADMITS
Inquiry Shows Almost No But ter
and Suga r , With Short
Potato Crop.
LITTLE AID FROM RQUMAN1A
Supply From That Country Almost
Negligible—Bin Cities Sutler the
Most— Perfect Or ganization
Regulates Food Su pply.
cubiouiyr has ti. ihh u Ik-i' , mid on stat ed
days may purchase his or her quo ta
of food by number.
Governmen t
secret-service agents have been busy
ferret ing out cases of extortion and
overcharging, nnd heav y fines mid imprisonments have been saliiia ry in
thei r effect. Likewise the custom of
hoardin g, which the Germa ns call
"hamsterl n g" after the animal "hamster " or groundhog, lins been discouraged to a great extent by llt n .-s and
other punishments .
Duri ng the final in.ini lis of 30115 Germans of the wealthier class hel ped ou t
their scant y hirth-rs wi th butter, eggs.
cheese and the l ike which they pro cured
from convenien t " relatives " whom
they disc overed in Holland ainl Denmark . Now that bus been don e away
with. From the fir st of Jan uary on,
the Germ an government , thro ugh Its
centra l purchasing company, will buy
all the food in ad joining foreig n countr ies that those comm ies will or may
sell , an d will distribute It equally in
German y.
BRiTON FIGHTS 12 TOLL OF AMERI CAN LIVES TAKEN
GERMAN AHN
IN GERMAN SUBMARINE WARFARE
Lieutenant in Scout Machine
Dives Into Squadron . Firing
as He Flies .
DARING STUNTS IN WEST
Teu tonic and Allied Aviat ors in Thrilling Sham Falls Out of Control
Work Is Useful
and
V ital .
With the Britis h Army In France. —
The announcemen t t lmt "improved
weather conditions tie r mlu,M l increased
nerlal activity aloii ^ - the entir e front"
Is the laconic ami prosa ic way In
HIS SALAR Y TREBLED
u-hlcli the offici al communique dismisses some of the most spectacular
episodes of the war.
To those who li.-.ve o nce witnessed
tills "increased aeria l netivt ty " such
nn announcement conjures up at once
n picture of counti es nii-p lanes in the
nlr—sc outing, Bglning . . living, spinnin g, hoverin g over enemy targ ets and
calmly
sending
wireles s
signals
through the fountains of enemy fire ,
photographing the enemy lines , bombin g bis ammunition d umps and sheds
and supply columns . lmd otherwise
"currying on " in t in- sky In a manner
wholl y bewildering to the onlooker , but
typifying in supreme degree the Indispensable part aviatio n is playing In
this war.
Work is Useful and Vital.
In the aggrega te the losses In the
flyin g corps are as nothing compared
with the useful nm l vital work the
"win gs" accom plish,
without them
the bi g guns would hnv e no far-seeing
eyes to correct their shells . Wi thout
them and the hundreds of photographs
they dally take the map makers could
not trace each deta il of the trench positions.
Without the m the general
staff could not accu rat ely know J ust
what Is going on by day nnd night behind the enemy l ines . Without them
modern war wou ld lose Its most fascinating phase.
The "good flying" of a single day on
the British front a lone may represent
a day of a hundred fi ghts , a dn y of
four-score air planes la wing to wing
combat , a dny of n thousan d personal
incidents and de eds of daring In the
once strange strain ui high , thla air.
It migh t tell , for Instance , of howWilliam P. M ii lliiii -n . formerly nn asLieutenant A
In :t fust-flying scout
sistant secretar y of the tr easury, has
lef t for New York lo begin his duties ra iiehlne encountered a squadron of 12
The odds were oneus chief National batik examiner for German Itolnnds.
shied enou gh , but ih e young Britisher
the Second federal r eserv e district of
New York , succe eding Charles Starek. decided to take a chance. Ho climbed
swiftly nnd sure ly until he got far
Mr. Mulburn
Is a son-in-law
of
above and to the rear of the hostile
Senator Thomas of Colorado .
His
home Is in Denver, where he was nn craft. Evidently th e Germans were Inattorney nnd la ter a banker . His new tent upon som o erran d, which the y proJ ob pays $15,000 a year Instead of the posed to enrry out in force , for they
$5,000 ho drew ns a ssistan t secretary paid no heed to the khakl-clad airman
until he delibera tely dived into thera ,
of the treasury .
firing as he came .
Th is threw the
12 Into a panic, mid tliolr formation
was entirel y broken u p.
Meanwhile
Lieutenant A
^o t beneath the nearest machine and tired an entire drum
of cartrid ges Into It nt 5 yards. The
machin e
collapsed
nnd
{
Columbus , O.—lleprosentiitlvo 1 hostile
Baker of Ashland has Introduced I "crashed. "
J
Af ter seeing bi s p articular enemy
I In the Ohio leg islature a bill j
drew off to
" crush" iMeuten nMi A
* which mnko.s it unlawful for th e
j think thin gs over.
lie was somewhat
J hunter
to shock unsus pecting j
iimiizcil to see si III more hostllo maI rabbits nt night with the bright I
chines coming up In formation.
But
glare
of
a
spotlight
,
nnd
then
j
] ho ilnshed nt ti e- leader of the newI
I shoot them down.
comers and sent him In a spiral nose
Baby carriag es are exempted
J
J
" This led to still
I from tho nec essity of carrying; I (llvo to a "crush.
lights nt ni ght In a bill fathered T more com plica tions , and tho Intre pid
by Senator Terr ell , which re- J little pilot soon found himsel f engaged
Ills fight with
quires li ghts on all vehicles , "ex- | with thr ee ma chines.
cofit those drawn by hand , and J those was Ind ecisive .
"h'or, " says the olllelal record , "havliny wa gons. "
7
in g expend ed all hi* ammunition, Lieui•"•-« >-•»•..•..•..«..•«»..«..«. .•.-•.-•.-»..«..a~« H«~«.,v ...„.„.,I tennnt A
sci off for home. "
A few da ys I nter , It Is related , ho
EUROPEAN WAR IN PEKIN G took a ru nnin g ill vo Into n formation
of 20 hos tllo machines with all th o
solf-iissuraiico nn onglo might havo In
Austrian and Italian Le gation Guards
the mid st of n Ho ck of sparrows. BeMeet In Streets and Battle
fore ho wa s thi - oiiL -h ho had sent throe
ETns ues .
advers ari es "crashing. "
"Thin tim e ." sn ys the record, "lie reSan Francisco. —The war In Kuro po
turned t " <" K ' "' ' '" »' lll 'I' illll-OlllOS f or
has been fou ght over on a reduced
thou gh bloody scale In tho streets of mom iiinmiii i ltioii and returned t o the
Poking, accordin g in G, A. Jiuirogiil , u scene nf h n t l l c , wh o re he engaged nml
youn g million aire l'i- oiii tho Arge ntine , dlspiM -si'd such enemy machines as refine was soon
arriving hero wlili his ' brldo aflor n mained lu t h e v l . l n l l y .
weddin g journey through the Orient. to cnish u pon n housetop. "
Tho conlllct was singed, snld .Inin 'ogiil ,
Airmen Shrtmmlnrj Falls.
who obtained his lii l'ui-iiiiitlon from the
Tho O onimns lately have adopted
Spanish nnihassiiihii - at Peking, when .tho ruse of " sta lling " and shamming
tliu le gation guards of tho Austrian n fiill <mt of coiiirol. It Is a thrillin g
aiid
Italian
legalloiis ,
marchin g but n ot un common thin g to seo a Gerthrou gh tho streets mot,
man iiiiiclilrin wlioii closely pressed
Tho commands enmo to an abrupt turn lis tall stru lnlit up In th e air mid
halt , and then , h nl' nro their olllcers dlvo towii rtl tho earth for a distance
could stop the men , a battlo occurred of 2,000 i>r ,'!,l«« t foot , and J u st as tho
In which rltlo s , swords nnd bayonets linlnillii leil onlook er would expect n
woro used. The combatants woro fin- "crush " It nati ons out and starts poll
ally parted by tlielr officers after moll for Its own linos, Ono does not
ulwiiys (jot away wi th thi s bit of aerial
many had boon wounded.
An n result of tlio battlo , tlio em- strate gy, howev er, n» Is shown hy tho
. After attackbassies agreed to sot nport cer tain lloeord of Ca ptain H
days of l ho wook nn which tho troops ing tlireo hostil e machines lio saw one
ot ono ot tho belli gerents may no out of thorn uoliiR down In a spinnin g noso
II« suspected thn honesty of
Into tho streets , while tho othe r Dido dlvo,
that dlvo nn d d ecided to do a little divstays within tho embassy walla.
This dr amatic
ing "on his own. "
downward thiol continued for full 5,000
A Nswi Center ,
foot, until lha Ocrninn was driven Into
Now York Girl—Half tho world
won to criiHh. "
doesn 't know how thn other holt Uvea , n spin "ami
Undo Jnlio ul
firel i ght Ph otographs.
Undo Jnnn *—P 'r apu not In Now
It la wort h ii oIIhk t hat tlio most sucYork , tint all yow Bottor do In TCn nt
cessful llr iillBl't ph otographs do not
Windsor Hill Is tor drop tutor llloloy'a
llro at all. Thu sunjoct In uratom for ton t nlinit on and lln tonl— show tlio
run giiil mi dial th e llio Is screened In
Judgo.
some way from th e lens. Tho iiieutiilploco , nro -lr niw. nig. elc„ are Included ,
A Smooth Approach.
, lint ) tho lir e Itself I* BUggest"You Doom hard worked , olr, " snld howovor li ghtin g. On tho whole th in
oil by tlio
tlio nffnblo Btrati R or.
la tho host way of doing what we
"I' m holt doad. "
¦a rofliilutod food uffnlia that ovory
want , If wo iiriin ig e things on IIkimh
"The
n
I
called
In
tho
nick
ot
tlmo.
adult In tho empire lu pretty wall tinInnllon procoodli m
tho HI
I' m Boiling llfo liiniiranco . If you 'ro illno tt , with spot wh ere llio flro Is impJ Mirod of half a pound of intui t a wook .
from tho
half
dea
d
you
can
't
got
a
policy
any
Ilut nearly ovory ouncu of that litllf
posod to lie , wo can got a true lirepound la loan nniiit. Tlio fill , vnroly too qulok ."
li ght nffoct , alth ough tho llu ltt acturouoliou tho puroh niior , for It lu J ciilou *ally used may ho electric , ma gnesium ,
Somethin g Cheaper.
ly hoarded by tho ir ovoriiiuun t
IIiihIi nr r ibbon. '»' ovon diiyll ght It"Tfrvw much wn tlinii ii baby carKy n lom likewise linn lu-ovldeil that
nolf. In t he hiH l ciiho , tho bottom
tlioro Hlml l ho no moro Imttor riots , or r loR on?" UHkod tha woman In tho ntoro. foot of rIii ms In n Kr otieh window uiiiy
"TIio hq nro foily nli ilollaru , ina 'nm."
Ibroa a rlola , or moit t lliuw. Tlioro In
ho uiuit l, Willi a shout of white paper
"Ton nyp onnlvo. "
oil thn Hour t " m-fw m, a mlleitoi' , nut )
j lmw il hu-cnllml "eii alui iiitt' it ' Hal ,"
jwliereby oneh roaldotit <if tmy-Uir ijr i' , "ll tt t tlmt' M u lino fltirr lorro . ma 'am. " I ho wliolo of tho rest blocked lip. . A
"Wall, liuvuu 't you anythin g in baby
iclty la vonlttlered with or»o dairy nitnro ,
fift-uro pono tl niwliiKl this will «tv« n
WH O. <!M(fVJi»fifcr < ipU)i|« imu'Mir . .'Tuo carrl ftuoa In tho fllvvor cluurit"
vory uiiocoBuful llr olluht nffoct.
Berlin (Correspondence of The Associated Press ).—A summary of the
Germa n food situa tion today shows
ver y little butter with little if any
prospect that there will be more in the
An equally smal l
immed iate future.
amou nt of mar garine or other substiA supply of meat
tutes for butter.
that does not bid fair to increase because the re Is so little feed on which
the catt le can In- nourished and fattened. A min imum amount of sugar ,
since less than the usual supply of
sugar beets was raised in 1910, and a
part of the suppl y lias to go towar d
makin g chemicals.
An almost complete failure of the potato crop, so
that
the bread
ra tion Is to lie
"stretched" -w ith hurley Instead of potato flour , to th e consequent diminishin g of the beer production.
An almost
negligible suppl y of coffee , and a very
slender amount of tun.
On the credit side of the ledger
stand the vegetables that were raised
In great quantities during - the last summer , and that with Gorman tboughtfulness and system have been dried In
great quantiti es, and will be available
for the winter.
L ikewise there are
grea t quantities of marmalade , or nearmarmalade , which have been stored up
as a substitute for liutter. The substitute is very poor , but better than
nothin g.
The avera ge German win insist that
Koumanla stands on the credit side
of the led ger, too , nnd that It is n
bi g item. But it is extremely probable
that the amount of food found In Roumtmlo Is far smuUer than had been
anticipated.
Turke y, Bu lgari a, Hungary and Austria , nil also have a claim
on whatever there may be. Although
Germany is runnin g Ihe military situation in Koumn nlii, Germany is very
Her
nuthorltles
have
far
awa y.
known for weeks Unit there was little
to expect from Rtmituinla , and have
tried to break th e ovll news gently.
Fi rst came the nnm niiicement that the
size of the su pplies captured was unknown , then the word that Whatever
mi ght be found would not be used but
kept os a reserve.
German Cit ies Suffer.
It Is, of course, inn V>ig German cities that arc sufferlii ir. and that are goin g to suffer increasingly as the war
continues.
Lack of transportation facilities Is nn inci-e.-i slngly Important
factor.
Germany, which lioforo the war had
somewhat more tlinn iimple frei ght
Ca rs for its own nocil s, now has to
make tho same number of cars , approximately, do for :ill of tho German
empire , nearly nil "t Belgium , northern France , all I' olmid , and a bi g
piece of Russia, In m t illtlon to Sorbin.
Montenegro , and tin- bi ggest half of
ltoiiiiiiinin.
Only a rel atively small
number of cars ru ptured In Belgium
have been added t o llio German rolling
stock.
As tho war him conn on the condition of tills rollin g stock has deterior ated steadily, nnd sr nively .any of It
has been replaced.
A shortag e of oils
has not allowed tln > proper enro of
what cars there nre ; Iwt boxen on both
passenger nnd frelnli t cars nro everyTln » en gines have
tiny occurrences.
now to draw such lumvy loads that
thoy are goin g to pieces faster than
they used to.
Feed nnd fodder I'o n illtlonH for German llvo stock Im proved somewhat
throu gh lust year 's Inin -p sts , but only
The cuilld nro still thin '
somewhat.
and ueru gfily. The milch cattl e glvo
loss thun over , nml tliera Is llttlc i mllk
tlui t can bo spiin-il fur olieose. Tho cattle , when slaii glili ' i- i' il. glvo less ment
than they used t o, nml so horse niont
has lmil to ho r osiu leil to In ti degree
that Is unpi -ecodiMit i 'il.
The availabl e su pply of nwlno Iuik
never i-r eiivi'ivd frmu tli o original Gorman mistake nf T.H I nnd 3015, when
millions ot pi gs won- Hlau ghterod to
novo tho fond that llie .v devoured , only
thoroby reducin g tlio mipply of fat to
n dnn K'oroiiB point , Tho Germans liiivo
nnvor forgiven tlii 'in sclves for that
nliorlbl glitcducHs.
The somo In n iiiwiHiiro hold s true
of miliar. There linil been an overmipply In Ifll-J , nnd milomn wnrolni ttt went
out not to plant mi iiiiicI i land to suga r
boots and moro to grain. Tha peasantry followed tlio nilvlco too literally ,
nnd Germany nwokn to find that she
had hardly morn tlinn enough sugar
for purposes other tluiri food. So the
big cltloH nro In part living on niicehuVlttO now , \\W\ tlw-Ttt ltsn't «imhi rU
of that.
Tho coffou-Htrelohlii ir proce ss begun
last spvln u, mid Iihk continued so diligently that rial cniVon I n un almost unobtainable rarity, uud tUo avorti K " "coffoo" that Is nvnll nhh i Ih so poor ns to
bo tinilr lnldiblo for lha poriion used
to ronl coffee.
Suliutltut oa micli nn
chicory, herbs , mluliiroa of (ill kinds ,
havo taken coftlor 'n plnco.
Regulate! Food Affair *.
Tho most perfect or un nUiitloii nnd
tyntcm In tho world liuit nteiipod In nnd
' ' ^.. ¦:J ^L 'il :. ^ i:f iHA.-, !>i:
' ¦ ¦!! ' : :!L 'i ' ii ' :^}'! '
j
TO PROTECT EYES
OF OHIO RABBITS
More Than 200 Lives of Unit ed States Citizens Lost Up to the Time
Diplomatic Relations Wer e Severed—Review of the Attacks on Unar med Merchantmen Which Stirred
the Government to Action.
Washin gton. —Th * history of tho
submarine operations uf the central
powers is one long record of outrages
per petrated on Am. -ilc nn citizens and
American property; a succession of
protests on the part of the government
of the United States , and of assurances and promises made and later
violated by the German and Austrian
governments.
Store than two hundred Amer icans
had gone to their deaths through this
submarine warfare u p lo the time diplomatic relations \s\tc severed. .Must
of the Americans lost were traveling
on unarmed merchant ships , an d, under the practices of International law
nnd humanity, believed them selves secure.
More than two thousand citizens of
other nationalities lost tlielr lives in
the same attacks which cost the lives
of Americans , but they compose only
a part of the toll of life taken by submarine warfare.
The ships lost, on
which the Americans met death are
only a fraction of the numb er sent lo
the bottom by torpedoes—most of them
without warning.
The cases which involve the United
States and fieriimtiy nre primarily
those In wh ich American life was lost
or endangered.
The first American of
whom th ere is record to lose his life
in submarine attack was Leon T.
Thresher , n passen ger on the British
steamshi p Fulabii , bound from Liverpoo l for West Africa, which was torpedoed and sunk on March 27, 1910,
off Milford , England.
The Fala ba, after a hopeless attempt
to esca pe, stopped , and while boa ts
were be ing lowered nnd passengers
still were aboard, the submarine drove
a torpedo into her side , and she went
down In ten minutes. Of 242 persons ,
130 were saved. The Ameri can was
amon g the lost.
The first American ship attacked
was the Gulfl ight , an oil-tank vessel ,
from Port Arthur , Tex., to Rouen.
France , tor pedoed without warning off
the S-clll y Islands on May 1, 1015. Two
men jumped overboard
and were
drowned; hor ca ptain died of heart
failure. The Gulfli ght did not sink ,
and was towed to port by British patrols . The German government acknowled ged the attack as nn accident,
expressed Its regrets , nnd promised to
pay damages.
Destruct ion of the Lusitanla.
The next a ttack was tho one which
shocked the civilized worl d and brou ght
the Orated States unci Germany for the
first time to the ver ge of war. It was
the destruc tion of tho Lusitanla , on
May 7, 3015. Unarmed , with 1,257 passen gers , of whom 159 wore Americans ,
and n crew of 702, she was tor pedoed
without warnin g nnd sunk In 23 minutes off Old Head of K ins n le , as she
was neurlng Liver pool .
In nil 1,108 lives were lost, of which
12-1 were Americans , man y of them of
national prominen ce. The on so passed
ne gotiations
which
into di plomatic
never too l; final form.
H ' hlle Ihe Lii slftiu i n case was still
fr esh in th o public mind , a German
svibinni -liie ttivpwV«il itiiollu'r American shi p — t h e Nebr ask ai! — w i t h o u t
warning, on May 25, ir ) 15. sou th of
Fastnet r ock. The Nebrask a n owed
her safet y t o her seaworthiness . She
reach ed port damaged, under her own
The
steiim, and no one was Injured.
German governm ent, iigaln expressed
Its regret for n niisiiike and promised
to pay dama ges .
The Leyland Case.
Twen ty Ameri can negro muleteers
on Ihe I.eyland steamship Armenian
were ki lled on .lime 2S. T.ll H , hy shel l
lire unci ill-owning when the Armenian
failed In escape with her cargo of
army mul es fr om n submersibl e near
The Armenian
Ihe Corn wall const.
was warned ami I n v i l e d her destruction hy lliKlit.
Th e ncv.1 submarine i i i i n c k In which
Americans were on ilangei- ed was unsucce ssful , but only beeiuise the steamCiinnril
lin e,
ol ' the
shi p Ordinal,
proved loo speedy I 'm- h er pursu er.
After sendin g a t orpedo J ust under
the Ordinal 's stern, tin- submarine
ruin ed shells a f t e r the Hoein g vessel
wi thout h i l l i n g her and then gave up
Ihe chase , t leruiiitiy explained that
Die submarine couiiiiiiiid ei' hail failed
to observe his ord ers , nnd Unit morn
explicit lush -notions had been Issued,
Throe Am erican s wore endangered
when tho Hns slmi steamship l.eo was
tor pedoed with out warning on her way
t o Manchester ,
from
l'hlliidol phlii
Kii ghind, on July I) . 1015,
On July 2o, 1015, came the first destruction of nn Amer ican ship by a
submarine.
It wa s tho Loolnniiw of
Now York , bound fr om Archangel to
Belfast , with llnx , which Is contrahand.
Sho wiih cau ght northwe st of
tho Orknoy I slands.
The America n sailing shi p WUlliiin
V. Fryo wan the first American vessel
sunk In tho wn r , .but she was dodcHtroyod In different clr cnm sta nce a ,
Veiiel Carried Contraband,
The I.eolaiiiiw , besides curryin g contraband, ntten ivtod to escape. As a
iioutrn l slilf. ("fir destruction \vn» ii
doubtful rl gh* of . any belligerent. Hbo
finally stopped , M tho Govmim ' submarine was tiring after her , awl then
sent hor papers over to the subii ior tilblo by a miiiiU boat.
Tho German coiiimniuler not only
Kiivo tho Loolnniiw crow all tho tlm o
thoy reir nlrert lo tnlto to Mwilv W in ,
hut nftor (linkin g tliolr ship by shot
nnd torpedo , took llio crow on hoard
tho Hiibuinrlno and towed tliol r bouts
Tho
toward tlio Orknoy mainla nd.
moil roacltod Kirkwall tlio nex t inorn liiff.
On Annus! 10, 101B, camo tho celebrated court of tho Nlenrtlnn of tho T.oyluud line , and the ' llrltluli patro l boat
Jh irnlonir , Tho Nlcoulnii , with miiUni
from How, Orl oum j, to.. A,voi .imo)!tl i ,l wiih
stopped by n submarine off t tie coast
of Irelan d, and her crew , includin g ,'i0
Americans , took to the boats. Whi le
the submarine was making ready to
destro y the Nlcosinn . the Bundling appeared and destroyed the submarine
by gunfire, took on the Nicoslan 's
crew , am i lowed the ship to safety.
The n ext crisis came on August 19, i
11)15. when the Arabic of the White :
Star line, from Liverpool to New Tork ,
was torpedo ed without warnln c near I
tbe Lusitnnl a 's grave and sunk in
a bout ten minutes . Ou t of .'175 pnssenger s nn d crew -IS were lost. Thirty J
Americans were on board and nil but '
two were saved.
i
The German government contended '•
Hie subm arine commander tho ught the j
Arabic was about to ram li l rn . and
lired In self-defense , bu t dis.-i vowed
the ac t . expressed regret and gave ad- ;
d itional assurances
for the future '
safely of passenger ships .
A Denial From Berlin .
One American of the crew uf the
Hesperi an of the Allan line wiis lost .
on September 4 . 1015 , when the ship,
returning fr om Liverpool to Montre al ,
was to rpedoed and sunk withou t warning off the southern coast of Ireland.
The Germa n admiralty contended no
German submarine was in that vicinity, but u piece of a German torpedo
b.-ul be en' picked up on the IIesp crlnn ' 9
deck.
Austria ' s firs t submarine oper ations
of cohs eouence, an d those which
brought Germany 's closest ally into the
situation , began with the destruction
of the Italian steamship Anconu , In
tbe Me diterranean
on November 7,
1915. W ith hundreds of passengers ,
man y of them women and children ,
from Naples to New York , the Ancona
was cha sed and stopped by nn Austrian submar ine. Twelve Americans
were on board and nin e were lost. Italian official figures say SOS passengers
were lost out of 507 on board. It was
one of the heaviest submarine disasters.
Some of the Ameri can survivors
swore the Austrian submarine even
shelled the llfebonts ns the passengers
were getting into them.
On December 5, 1915, n submarine ,
presumably an Aus trian , attacked the
American oil steamship I' otrolite off
the coast of Tripoli. A sailor wns injured by n shot Into the Petroll te 's engine room , and the submarin e continued fir ing utter the I' otrolite had
swun g broadside so the subm arine
commander could see her name ptilnted
on her side and the American ling (lyin g between her masts .
The submarine commander lmallj
perm itted the I' otroli te to proceed aftei
be had taken some of her store s.
New Crisis Appears.
A new crisis , and tho firs t suspicion
that G erman submarines were operatin g In the Mediterranean , or tha t Austrian submarines wero being tnnnued
by Gorman otlicers and crews, wns develo ped by ihe destruction of the lirlt ish .steam ship I' er sla on Decembe r HO ,
1015, southea st of Crete , while on licr
way to the Orient.
Mr. MoNoole y, American consul , on
his way to his post nt Aden , was amon g
the !IU5 persons who lost tlielr lives ,
nf whom two or more were Americans.
The wake of u torpedo was scon , lui t
no su bmarine was visible . Oriiliiny,
Austria and Turkey denied responsibili ty. The United States again iniiile
representations , and assur ances \vei>
given for what Gennnny tei-meil "cruiser warf are ," which Involved n promise not to sink any peaceful ships without warning or providing
I'm- the
safety of those nliiuird .
Wi th the coming of w l n l e r ami ihe
chilling storms w h i c h sweep Ihe N'nri h
sea , submarine wurl 'ur u was icuiisI ' ciTi' d lo tbe warmer wnlei -s of i luMed ilei -niiieiin , ami ll n-n linall y ivas
much restricted uniil the sprin g ol
11 ( 1( 1 . On Mm -cli ! the submarine mmpalgn was resm
I u l i h renewed rnih lessness .
Campaign Is Renewed.
The I' ntrlu or the French line , carryin g no iiniiaiiienl whatever , sailing
from Naples to New York , wa s attacked wi thout warnin g by a Mibmiirlno north of Tuni s , Pas sengers nnd
crow saw the torpedo pu ss har mlessly
under the I' ntrla 's st ern and some snw
a periscope , The Cntrlii put on full
speed and esca ped further attack , hut
lifid another narrow escape In tho snino
wny Ihe next mou th , Americans wero
on board In both Ins tances .
With the renewal of the submarine
campai gn tho ' destruction
ot ships
sometimes numbered nn hi gh ns ten
in one day, but only those cases which
Involved Americans nro treated horo.
On March 0, 11)1(1, while lying nt anchor In ITnvro roads , tho Norwegian
baric .Sillily was tor pedoed and muui c
without warnin g. A surv ivor of tlu i
French steamship Loulslnne , tor pedwd
fifteen minutes previously 500 yards
nwuy, swor e bo saw the submarine.
Thoro wore seven America ns hi tlio
crow ot tho Hllliis , and ono wa s Injured.
Tho next great pa ssenger ship destroyed was the Dutch vessel Tnliiintlo. While lu Ihe North son , Hullin g to
ttio do .lanelro, an explosion rout tlio
Throo
ship asunder , and sho sank.
AmerlciiiiH wore pa ssen gers. All persons on board woro saved except ono
Hussion, Germany illsclnlniml respon sibility. The Dut ch government inud fl
an Investi gati on which Indicated o snlimurin e iilt n ek ,
On March 18, 11)10, thn Hrlttith iiUanv
shi p llei-wlnilvnlo , with four Amorl wini
on board , wan tor pedoed withou t warnlug off Vnntry, Ireland , but no liven
¦ i
were lost,
On March 21 . 1010, a Oorninii mil),
marln ii cIiuhw! th o Dominion stimin Hl it p Kii glliihimiii , houn d from Avonmonth to l'ortliind , Mo., ««" while Uw
vrvw. wii M iitloiuptli ilf to nbnu iJmi tlio
n|ilp, Mhot away hor iitnrboan l UMInii ilx, Afl«r moro llrliiu, an tho nrcv i
was leaving tne snip, the sunmarlna
tor pedoed and sank her. One American of the crew was amon g the ten
lost.
Culminat ion of Atrocities.
On the same da y came the culmination of the long list of submarine outra ges which caused President Wilson
to la y the whole situation befo re congress, and to notify German y that unless such methods of warfare positively were discontinued nnd declared at
an end , the United States would break
off diplomatic relations.
It was the
destruction of the French Chan nel
steamship Sussex, between Folkestone
an d Dieppe.
Every bit of evidenc a
went to prove tha t the ship was torpedoed withou t warning.
On March 27, 191G , the British ship
Manch ester Engineer , outbound from
Philadelphia , was torpedoed and snob
without warning 13 miles south Ol
Waterford.
T wo America n negroes
were in the crew of :ta. All on board
were rescued.
On March 2
' 8 the British steamship
En gle Point was shelled by a German
submarine 130 miles sou th of Queenstown. The Eagl e Point gave up het
attempt to escape, nnd her crew of 42,
which included one American, took ta
t he boats in a heavy swell and p
stormy wind. Finally all were saved
Th e submarine sunk the ship with 8
torpedo .
After Germany gave her promises at
the result of th e Sussex notes , then
was a tempor ary lull In submarin e
warfare, but within a few weeks II
began again.
Tbe next development came whea
Germany carried the submarine war t«
tho American side of the Atlantic. Oa
Saturday. October 7. mill , the Germa n
war submarine U-53 entered Newport
harbor unannoun ced , de livered a package of ma il for the German embassj
nnd departed ns swiftly as she had
come. Within the next 48 hours sh«
sank six ships within sight of th«
American
coast—four
British , on«
Dutch and one Norwegian. With th«
ass istance of the American destroyei
flotilla , all lives were saved. It appeared that in each case the submar ine commander bad given legal warning and permitted th e escape of passenger s.
Americans Endanger ed.
On October 2G . 1910, the BrltlS *
merchant ship itowanmor e was at
tacked by a German submarine , fled,
was overhauled an d destroyed by gunfire. T here was no loss of life, although two Americans and five Filipin os (naturaliz ed Americans), ths
onl y Americans aboard , declared tba
submar ine shelled the lifeboats as thej
were lea ving the ship .
On October 30 the British ship Marina , bound for the Unit ed States , was
tor pedoed and , of more than fifty
Americans on board six wer e lost.
Then followed the attack on th«
American ste amshi p Chemung, the loss
of 17 Americans on the steamship Ru ssian, and finall y came the notice that
a cam paign of ruthlessness wns to begin February 1, Irrespective of the consequences. The decision to break oft
d iplomatic relations with Germany followed.
LI ON C UBS AS PETS
M aster l.onie ii
-V , ,, N>iv York
hoy. n m l his new pel, a slx-weeks ' -nld
lien cnli . wh ich was J ust purchased for
llllll nl 11 ensl ol Sl'IMl.
Better Quar ters for Convieto.
M e m p h i s , r. - nii. A grand Ju ry report sul.mlited lu circui t court here recoinineiids , i
ig other things , that
county prisoners bo given as good
ipmi - tiTs and kep i as cleanly :j : Mm
wild a nl ' mils and uM ' Uk oys at Overton
Plll'k 1600.
Wear Cheap Wa tches.
Mem phis , Teun, —Fearin g highway *
men will relievo them of valuable tlmo
pieces, hundr eds of men lu Memphis
who are compelled to work at ni ght nro
wearing dollar watch es nnd leaving
tliolr good watches home. Holdupn
mid robberi es liiivo boon so common
us alm ost to ciuifio a rclmi of terror.
Women of Ancient Baby lon.
,,'
To somo extent wonmn 's rl gliU w«M
•
Indood, l»
recogniz ed In Iluliylon.
v"
wniio respect s , thoy woro acknowledged
iin men 's oiiiiiiIh. Thoy ent ered Into ,; t
business part nerships , thoy could l«ud . \j |
' i\
and borr ow , thoy could bequeath th«lr
proporly without lot or hindrance. la . ' ,\
tlio gr out tomploH of Dabylon , th» . 'j .
priests and prle H lomioH Mom! on th*» ;;'.;
nii mo level. Tim marriage Iowa of th» .|
w
I lii liylmiliim* ffavo tho advant age to tn»
mull. Not only fathers , but also broth- ¦ »
'*
Int
o
tuiirrlug
o.
ore , sold th eir women
¦¦
Often , thou gh not always , brides were ) '{[
requir ed to bri ng their husbands (low- ' •
> ' .',
rtea. nut tho property sho posiuiaitod
'
remai ned her own, And thla wuu llvo / /
;;,'
mid twenty centurion ago.
<
Poach Cream Cako
V
'C' i
»'
Ila tco (i yellow npotigo cako mlxt nrv vfl
and when cold plnco It on a luco pnp wrj '. ' ,Vjj
dolly. - Heap i.llccd pn tichoa In tho con- v ;
tor and e.lrclo tho ori 'ga with whipped "ft
ci'onm put thrhu uli u star Uiho It pouaU, " ,'>.!
bin. If ii ulut* tubo la not obtainable , o;j
hhupu with a toudpoou. l'aiyi a j pritcfaljj
or (/( plain, thick cruam with Uio .takiu M
¦ -. ' . ;\ \ i ; ; :
l -^ ,^ ; ' *;c^ sV ;;;:W- ^M