VI. Cultural Resources Element
EXISTING CONDITIONS
Historic Culture
Rock Hill has an abundance of historic and architecturally significant buildings and areas that
contribute to the City’s rich cultural heritage. The City has recognized the need for increased historic
preservation efforts to ensure that community identity and character are maintained. We are
committed to preserving, protecting and enhancing buildings, places and areas that possess
particular historic or architectural significance in order to promote the educational, cultural and
economic welfare of its residents and visitors.
Historical Overview
Rock Hill earned its name in 1852, when rail crews constructing a rail line connecting Charlotte, North
Carolina to Columbia, South Carolina encountered a small, flinty hill and dubbed the spot “Rock Hill.”
Later that year, the first U.S. Post Office in the area was opened. These events are generally
recognized as the birth of the City; however, it was not until 1870 that Rock Hill was offically
incorporated as a town. In 1892, it was granted a full city charter by the State Legislature.
Before Rock Hill was established, the area was inhabited by Catawba Indians, a populous eastern
Siouan tribe that built their homes along the waterfront and made their living by hunting, farming and
fishing. The earliest known European explorers included Hernando De Soto in 1542 and Juan
Padro’s expedition of 1566-1567 in search of Spanish Mexico. It was not until the mid 1700s that the
first white settlers, Scots-Irish Presbyterians including some Germans and Welsh, began to populate
present-day York County, migrating from Pennsylvania, Virginia, North Carolina, and Maryland via the
Great Wagon Road.
Population in the area grew steadily over the next centennial as demand for local agriculture and
cotton production increased with many settlers relocating from Charleston and other coastal towns,
however, the Civil War briefly slowed the area’s rapid expansion. Many residents became casualties
of war, though very little military action took place in the area. The area also suffered socially and
economically. With the abolition of slavery, large plantations became obsolete, racial tensions grew
and few paying jobs were to be had.
The first white settlement within the present-day Rock Hill city limits was in the Ebenezer Road area
and grew up around the Ebenezer Presbyterian Church which was established in 1785 and originally
known as Indian Land Church. The Ebenezer Academy Post Office was established in 1822 and
renamed to Ebenezerville in 1837. By the mid 1800s, plans were developed to build the Charlotte
and South Carolina Railroad tracks east of the Ebenezer community to appease protests from
residents about potential noise, soot, and danger to children. This area became the central business
district of Rock Hill. The town of Ebenezer was incorporated in 1893; however, it became a part of
the City of Rock Hill in 1960.
Spurred by the invention of the steamboat and trend toward regional passenger and freight rail
systems, upstate Sourth Carolina towns soon became regional trade centers. Rock Hill’s economic
condition drastically improved through the late nineteeth century, as industry shifted from farming to
textile manufacturing. Some of the developments that boosted the area’s economy include the
introduction of the first steam-powered mill in the state in the late 1880s, the City’s first coal burning
electric plant in 1890; the merger of the railroad into a national network to form the Southern Railway
in 1894; and the completion of the Catawba Dam and Power Plant in 1904. These technological and
economic advancements spurred commerical and residental growth. By 1907, Rock Hill was home to
several textile mills, more than 12,000 residents, and three institutes of higher education.
Wymojo Mill, circa 1923
VI-4
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Rock Hill continued to experience extensive growth and
development in the early twentieth century as area business
owners began venturing into other industries besides textile
manufacturing. One of the most notable was the Anderson Motor
Company, the first automobile manufacturer in the south. While
most of the nation faced significant unemployment during the
Great Depression, Rock Hill industry and mill owners devised ways
to retain employees during these difficult times by reducing wages
and increasing production– actions which led to significant labor
unrest. Despite the economic instability of the 1930s, progress
continued in Rock Hill.
Post World War II, manufacturing played a major role in the growth
and prosperity of Rock Hill as textile mills, food and lumber
production companies grew to more than five thousand
employees. Between 1945 and 1950, war veterans returned to the
area and began expanding their families. To accommodate this new growth, the City voted to invest
$3M to extend infrastructure to the rapidly spreading suburbs. This housing boom marked Rock Hill
as the fastest growing city in South Carolina. By the mid 1950s, demand for housing slowed and
nearby shopping and employment opportunities drew people away from downtown. Manufacturing
plants began to close as demand for textile products declined and the country’s dependence on
foreign imports increased.
Rock Hill also faced considerable social change as a result of the Civil Rights Movement. In 1954, St.
Anne’s Catholic Church’s elementary school became the first integrated school in Rock Hill, though
public schools did not become fully integrated until 1970. Sit-ins and a major bus boycott brought
national attention to Rock Hill. The 1970s brought even more social change with the city’s first
African American lawmaker and councilmen elected since Reconstruction.
By the 1970s and 1980s, technological advances brought the closure of most of the prominent textile
structures throughout the City, decentralizing and shifting the City’s employment center to the
suburbs. Rock Hill became the focus of several urban renewal projects through the 1970s. Plans
were developed to transform the City’s core into a more intense, modernized pedestrian shopping
mall, but the newly constructed improvments only exacerbated its economic deterioration. By the mid
1980s, Rock Hill lost its textile manufacturing industry and experienced economic decline with the
near complete abandonment of its downtown business district.
Despite the decline of downtown, Rock Hill as a whole continued to grow through the 1980s and
1990s. Businesses and housing developments emerged as new residents relocated to Rock Hill for
its relatively low cost of living and proximity to Charlotte, North Carolina. But, city leaders soon
realized that a community-wide strategic plan was needed to address the impacts of growth. Urban
sprawl strained city services while the changing economic and demographic character of the City
reshaped its identity. In 1988, the City joined forces with other local agencies to prepare a citywide
strategic plan called “Empowering the Vision” (ETV). Through the ETV planning process and its 1995
update entitled “Empowering the Community” (ETC), the City collaborated with citizens and
stakeholders to develop strategies towards improving the
cultural environment, the education system, infrastructure,
green spaces, and the City's image in the metropolitan area;
promoting economic development; and preserving the City's
Main Street, 1895
Main Street, 1920s
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
Main Street, 2008
VI-5
VI. Cultural Resources Element
history. An evaluation completed at the end of the ten year implementation period in 1999 highlighted
the plans’ success through the dozens of major projects implemented by the ETV and ETC sponsors,
programs, and forged partnerships.
Through the early part of the 2000s, Rock Hill continued to see a boom in housing growth. But,
towards the end of the decade, the effects of a national economic crisis began to trickle down locally
causing new construction starts to begin to falter. In an effort to restore economic stability and social
vitality to the urban core, the City turned to public and
public/private partnership projects to revitalize and stabilize the
The Land Use Element
downtown areas, particularly the textile corridor and adjacent
describes the existing
land use patterns and
neighborhoods hardest hit by the loss of the textile industry.
development forms that
Initiatives include the restoration, rehabilitation and reuse of
form the different
existing buildings, new infill housing, restoration and conversion of
character areas of the
existing textile mills for senior housing, and inclusion of mixed
City.
uses. It is through the continued investment in Rock Hill’s cultural
heritage that the City maintains its identity.
Historic Sites and Districts
Rock Hill is committed to preserving and protecting structures that
represent valuable examples of period architecture and/or
represent significant historical events. In August 2004, the City
completed an update to the 1988 Historic Resources Survey
documenting historic architectural resources in Rock Hill. The
updated survey documented all properties that had become 50
years old since the 1988 survey; surveyed properties located in
areas annexed into the city limits since 1988; and recorded
historic resources located in the Main Street Corridor, but outside
the existing Downtown Historic District, including those in the Old
White Home, Project of Historic Rock Hill
Town Renaissance Planning Area. In addition to providing an
inventory of all surveyed properties, the 2004 Historic Resources Survey Update contains an
overview of the historical development of the City, a discussion of prevalent architectural styles, and a
list of recommendations for National Register eligibility and local designation. To be eligible for
historic designation, structures must be at least 50 years old and have significance in a local,
statewide and national context or architectural period style. In total, more than 250 properties have
been designated as historic, and about 200 of these are considered to be contributing properties.
Local Role in Historic Preservation
In 1989, the City created the Board of Historic Review (BHR) to support the City’s historic
preservation efforts and administer the City’s historic regulations. The BHR is responsible for
recommending standards or guidelines for the identification and designation of historic properties and
districts as well as reviewing plans for renovation, alteration, removal or demolition of historic
structures and the construction of new structures within identified historic areas.
Other
responsibilities include surveying and identifying historic properties, and reviewing and
recommending properties or sites to the South Carolina Department of Archives and History for
nomination to the National Register of Historic Places. The Board also advises and assists property
owners on the physical and financial aspects of preservation, renovation, rehabilitation, and reuse of
historic buildings and properties.
State Role in Historic Preservation
The State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) was established in 1969 to implement the objectives of
the National Preservation Act of 1966, which extended federal support to state and local historic
preservation efforts. The SHPO, a program of the South Carolina Department of Archives and
History, receives federal funds for historic preservation from the U.S. Department of the Interior’s
National Park Service. The Office is responsible for identifying, recording, and assisting in
preservation of historic and prehistoric resources throughout the state.
VI-6
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI. Cultural Resources Element
The State Historic Preservation Office is also charged with developing, and revising as needed, a
statewide historic preservation plan. The plan guides the work of the State Historic Preservation
Office, but it also provides a vision for historic preservation in the state. The plan was revised and
published in 2007.
The SHPO works with individuals, organizations and governments to identify, recognize and preserve
structures and sites that have played a part in South Carolina history through the following programs:

Statewide Survey of Historic Properties – The records for the Statewide Survey are housed at the
Department of Archives and History. SHPO maintains information from historic surveys
conducted since the mid-1980s in Geographic Information System (GIS) data layers.

National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina – The SHPO coordinates the nomination of
properties to the National Register of Historic Places and submits the applications to the National
Park Service, under the Secretary of the Interior, to be maintained.
 South Carolina Historical Markers – The SHPO approves all inscriptions for South Carolina
Historical Markers.

Assistance to Local Governments – The SHPO provides information and training to help local
governments design and implement local preservation programs to safeguard historic properties.
Communities can elect to become Certified Local Governments (CLGs) and participate in a
federal-state-local partnership. CLGs receive technical assistance and can apply for preservation
grant funds.

Tax Incentives – The SHPO staff helps historic property owners meet the standards required
under the federal and state tax credits programs. Tax incentives are available for rehabilitation of
historic owner-occupied and income producing properties.
 Grants – The SHPO administers matching federal grants for preserving historic properties.
Grants range from $1,500 to $25,000 and can fund historical/architectural surveys, National
Register nominations, preservation planning projects and preservation education efforts. Also,
CLGs are eligible for “bricks and mortar” grants for stabilizing historic buildings or structures or
protecting them from the adverse effects of the weather.
Williams Gulf Station, Project of Historic Rock
Hermon Presbyterian Church
Locally Designated Historic Sites and Districts
Local historic designation of districts, buildings and landmarks helps preserve the historic character
and identity of an area while supporting property values, promoting heritage tourism, and preserving
natural resources through the conservation of building materials. Requests for exterior renovation or
demolition must be reviewed and approved by the Board of Historic Review in accordance with the
Rock Hill Historic Preservation Ordinance and must meet criteria specified in the Historic Design
Review Guidelines Manual.
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI-7
VI. Cultural Resources Element
There are six locally designated historic districts as well as an expanding list of locally classified sites
located within Rock Hill (see Map 6.1). A list of the locally designated historic districts and sites is
provided in Table 6.1.
Table 6.1:
Rock Hill Locally Designated Historic Sites and Districts
District/Site
Location
Charlotte Avenue/Aiken Avenue
Historic District
Marion Street Area Historic District
Generally includes properties located on Charlotte Avenue, Aiken Avenue, and
College Avenue north of Union Avenue
Generally includes properties located on Johnston Street, Marion Street, Green
Street and Center Street between Hampton Street and Saluda Street
Oakland Avenue Historic District
Generally includes properties located on Oakland Avenue between North Wilson
Street and Sumpter Avenue
Reid Street/North Confederate Avenue
Area Historic District
Generally includes properties located on East Main Street, East White Street,
North Confederate Avenue, Reid Street and Pendleton Street between Elizabeth
Lane and North Jones Avenue
Generally includes properties located on East Main Street, East White Street,
Caldwell Street, Elk Avenue, Oakland Avenue and St. John’s Court between East
Black Street and the Railway
Rock Hill Downtown Historic District
Winthrop Historic District
Generally includes properties on the Winthrop University Campus located on
Oakland Avenue between Charlotte Avenue, Stewart Avenue and Cherry Road
Afro-American Insurance Building
538 South Dave Lyle Boulevard
Anderson-Gill House
227 Oakland Avenue
Avery-Williams-Bishop House
1772 Ebenezer Road
Caldwell House
306 West Main Street
Dr. William W. Fennell House
334 North Confederate Avenue
Ebenezer Academy
2132 Ebenezer Road
Ebenezer-Manse House
1902 Ebenezer Road
First Presbyterian Church
234 East Main Street
Gilbert Lazenby House*
313 North Wilson Street
Harper-Holler House
228 West Main Street
Hermon Presbyterian Church
446 South Dave Lyle Boulevard
Highland Park Manufacturing Plant
and Cotton Oil Complex
Ketchin-Neely-Long/Longwood Hall
869 Standard Street & 732/737 East White Street
McCallum House
1657 Ebenezer Road
McCorkle-Fewell-Long House
639 College Avenue
McCosh House
234 East Black Street
Mt Prospect Baptist Church
339 West Black Street
New Mt Olivet AME Zion
527 South Dave Lyle Boulevard
Richards House
1804 Ebenezer Road
Rock Hill Cotton Factory
300 Chatham Street
Shurley Mickle House
1544 Ebenezer Road
Smith-Matthews House
1865 Ebenezer Road
Springsteen Plantation Site*
803 Augustus Lane
Williams Bynum Cotton Warehouse*
122 Southern Street & 302 Dave Lyle Boulevard
Williams Gulf Station
122 South Oakland Avenue
1858 Ebenezer Road
* Recognized as historic, but not officially designated to date.
VI-8
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Map 6.1:
Rock Hill Locally Designated Historic Sites and Districts
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI-9
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Historic Sites and Districts on the National Register
The National Register of Historic Properties is the list of individual sites, structures, objects and
districts, deemed important in American history, culture and architecture or archeology. It is a federal
honorary designation administered by the Secretary of the Interior through the South Carolina State
Historic Preservation Office. While buildings on the National Register may be eligible for tax
incentives and grants, they are only minimally protected from adverse changes or demolition.
According to the South Carolina Department of Archives and History, Rock Hill currently has five
historic districts; seventeen historic properties; and one historic complex listed on the National
Register (see Map 6.2). These districts and sites are detailed in Table 6.2.
Table 6.2:
Rock Hill Historic Sites and Districts on the National Register
District/Site
Location
Date Placed
on Register
Charlotte Avenue/Aiken Avenue
Historic District
7 contributing properties and 2 noncontributing properties on
Charlotte Avenue and Aiken Avenue
6/10/92
Marion Street Area Historic
District
29 contributing properties and 6 noncontributing properties on
Johnston Street, Marion Street and Center Street
6/10/92
Reid Street/North Confederate
Avenue Area Historic District
23 contributing properties and 9 noncontributing properties on East
Main Street, East White Street, Reid Street, North Confederate
Avenue
12 contributing properties on East Main Street, East White Street,
Caldwell Street, Oakland Avenue and St. John’s Court
6/10/92
Winthrop Historic District
20 contributing properties and 1 noncontributing property
(aggregated into 3 properties) along a portion of Oakland Avenue,
between Cherry Road and Stewart Avenue on the Winthrop
University campus
4/23/87
Afro-American Insurance
Building
Anderson-Gill House
538 South Dave Lyle Boulevard
6/10/92
227 Oakland Avenue
5/13/82
Bleachery Water Treatment Plant
Stewart Avenue
Ebenezer Academy
2132 Ebenezer Road
8/16/77
First Presbyterian Church
234 East Main Street
6/10/92
Hermon Presbyterian Church
446 South Dave Lyle Boulevard
6/10/92
Laurelwood Cemetery
7/31/08
McCorkle-Fewell-Long House
Bordered by Laurel Street, West White Street, Stewart Street and
West Main Street
639 College Avenue
8/21/80
Mt Prospect Baptist Church
339 West Black Street
6/10/92
People’s National Bank Building
131-133 East Main Street
3/25/99
Rock Hill Body Company
601 West Main Street
Rock Hill Cotton Factory
300 Chatham Street
Stokes-Mayfield House
353 Oakland Avenue
Tillman Hall
Winthrop University, 1894 Alumni Drive
12/2/77
U.S. Post Office and Courthouse
(Caldwell Street Post Office )
201 East Main Street (formerly, 102 Main Street)
1/21/88
White Home
258 White Street
12/2/69
Withers Building
Winthrop University, 611 Myrtle Drive
8/20/81
Highland Park Manufacturing
Plant and Cotton Oil Complex
869 Standard Street & 732/737 East White Street
6/10/92
Rock Hill Downtown Historic
District
VI-10
6/24/91
3/6/08
3/6/08
6/10/92 &
3/6/08
5/17/84
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Map 6.2:
Rock Hill Historic Sites and Districts on the National Register
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI-11
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Historic Preservation Incentives
City of Rock Hill Preservation Tax Incentive - The City Council has established tax incentives for
both owner-occupied and income producing properties that meet certain criteria. Eligible properties,
as certified by the City, may receive a special tax credit for a ten year period based upon the
appraised value of the property prior to rehabilitation. This encourages historic property upkeep and
ensures that improvements are consistent with the Standards for Rehabilitation outlined by the
Secretary of Interior. Additional information is available through the City of Rock Hill Planning &
Development Department.
York
County
Preservation
Tax
Incentive – York County has established
tax incentives for both owner-occupied
and income producing properties that
meet certain criteria. Eligible properties,
as certified by the County, may receive a
special tax credit for a ten year period
based upon the appraised value of the
property prior to rehabilitation.
This
encourages historic property upkeep and
ensures that improvements are consistent
with the Standards for Rehabilitation
outlined by the Secretary of Interior.
Additional information is available through
the York County Planning & Development
Services Department.
Laurelwood Cemetery
South Carolina Historic Rehabilitation
Incentives
 State Textile Mills Tax Incentive – The 2004 South Carolina Textiles Communities
Revitalization Act authorized a credit against local property taxes equal to 25 percent of
rehabilitation expenses or an equivalent state income tax credit for eligible abandoned buildings
formerly uses as textile manufacturing facilities or for ancillary uses. Additional information is
available through the State Historic Preservation Office and South Carolina Department of
Archives and History and the Coordinating Council for Economic Development.

State Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credit for Owner Occupied Residences – Property owners
who rehabilitate their historic homes may be eligible to claim 25 percent of the costs for repairs
and renovations over $15,000 from state income taxes. Additional information is available
through the State Historic Preservation Office.

25% State Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credit – A 25 percent state income tax credit for
qualified rehabilitation expenses is available for owner-occupied certified historic residential
structures listed on the National Register of Historic Properties. Additional information is available
through the State Historic Preservation Office and South Carolina Department of Archives and
History.

10% State Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credit – A 10 percent state income tax credit for
qualified rehabilitation expenses is available for income-producing certified historic structures that
also qualify for the 20 percent federal income tax credit. Additional information is available
through the State Historic Preservation Office and the National Park Service.
Federal Historic Rehabilitation Incentives
 20% Federal Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credit for Income Producing Properties – Property
owners of income-producing properties that are listed on the National Register of Historic
Properties either individually or as a contributing property to an historic district are eligible to
apply for a 20 percent Federal income tax credit for rehabilitation costs. Additional information is
available through the State Historic Preservation Office, Internal Revenue Service, and the
National Park Service.
VI-12
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI. Cultural Resources Element

10% Federal Non-Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credit for Income Producing Properties –
Property owners of income-producing properties built before 1936 that are not listed on the
National Register of Historic Properties either individually or as a contributing property to an
historic district are eligible to apply for a 10 percent Federal income tax credit for rehabilitation
costs of non-residential uses. Additional information is available through the State Historic
Preservation Office, Internal Revenue Service, and the National Park Service.

Federal Income Tax Credit for Low Income Housing – The Internal Revenue Service Tax
Reform Act of 1986 created an income tax credit for the acquisition, construction or rehabilitation
of low income housing. This can be used in conjunction with the 20 percent Federal Historic
Rehabilitation Tax Credit to rehabilitate historic buildings into low income housing units.
Additional information is available through the State Housing Finance and Development Authority.

Federal Income Tax Incentives for Easement Donations – Property owners of incomeproducing or owner occupied residences listed on the National Register of Historic Properties
either individually or as a contributing property to an historic district who donate an easement are
eligible for income and estate tax deductions. Additional information is available through the
State Historic Preservation Office, the National Park Service, Palmetto Conservation Foundation,
and Palmetto Trust for Historic Preservation.
Walker House, 343 East White Street, Project of Historic Rock Hill – before and after renovations
Historic Preservation Programs
Historic Preservation Grants – The Historic Preservation Grants program is administered by the
State Historic Preservation Office and funds are annually awarded to projects within Certified Local
Governments (CLGs) only. There are two categories of projects: Survey and Planning Projects and
Stabilization Projects. These 50/50 matching grant awards, which typically range from $2,500 to
$25,000, provide financial support for preservation projects. Project work must be carried out by
professionals and is subject to review and approval by the SHPO. All work must comply with the
Secretary of the Interior’s "Standards for Archaeology and Historic Preservation" and SHPO's
guidelines and standards. Grantees are responsible for matching dollar for dollar with the grant,
which is then reimbursed after the project is approved and reviewed. The matching funds, with some
exception, must come from non-federal sources. The grantees are selected competitively through
review of merit and outlined criteria. Selected applicants are ranked by merit by the reviewers (SHPO
staff) and are given funding accordingly until funding is depleted.
York County Forever – The York County Forever Commission was established by the York County
Council in 1998 as a way to promote and protect the county’s significant natural, cultural, historic and
environmental resources. Its goal is to put in trust one acre of land for every acre that is commercially
developed. The Commission forges partnerships with other agencies to facilitate the preservation of
land and resources. The organization has worked in partnership with Historic Rock Hill purchase and
raise funds towards restoration of the historic White Home.
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI-13
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Historic Rock Hill – Historic Rock Hill is a local non-profit organization committed to the preservation
of homes and commercial properties that have historical significance in Rock Hill. Established in
1986 as the Mid-Town Preservation Association, Historic Rock Hill works with the local government,
public corporations and private citizens to find funds for restoration and/or new uses for the
properties. Successful completed projects include the Williams Gulf Station on Oakland Avenue, as
well as historic homes located on Green Street, Marion Street, and East White Street.
Historical Marker Program – The South Carolina Historical Marker Program was authorized in 1905
and officially established in 1936. This program marks places that represent important elements of
South Carolina’s past, either as sites of significant events, or historic properties for their design, or for
their association within institutions or individuals significant in local, state, or national history. The
South Carolina Department of Archives and History has approved
and erected more than 1,000 markers throughout the state. In Rock
Hill Historical Markers are often initiated through individuals,
committees, or local civic groups, such as the Cultural and Heritage
Museums (CHM). Applicants work with the Rock Hill Board of
Historical Review and the community to get support behind the
markers and to coordinate marker location and text content. Some
of the notable markers include the U.S. Post Office and
Courthouse/Citizen’s Building on East Main Street; Rock Hill
Railroad Depots and Street Railway located at the Good Kia Car Lot;
the City of Rock Hill on East Main Street; Black Plantation/Hampton
Campaign on Black Street; Andrew Jackson Hotel/Vernon Grant on
East Main Street; First Presbyterian Church/Church Leaders on East
Main Street, and the McCrory’s Civil Rights Sit-Ins/“Friendship Nine”
“Friendship Nine” Historical Marker
marker on East Main Street.
Archaeological Resources
Archaeological resources play an important role in defining Rock Hill’s history, providing us with a
glimpse into the lives and cultures of early local societies. Identification and preservation of
archaeological artifacts is challenging. Unlike historic buildings and structures which are clearly
visible and catalogued, archaeological resources are typically discovered during development of
undisturbed land.
Several South Carolina State Departments are charged
with protecting and preserving archeological resources.
The South Carolina State Historic Preservation Office
plays an important role in protecting the state’s
archaeological heritage through its involvement in the
environmental review process. As an advisory agency, the
SHPO’s primary responsibility is to consult with federal
and state agencies about possible historic properties,
which include significant archaeological sites. The agency
makes recommendations regarding the need for
Catawba River Archeological Excavation, 6/07
archaeological investigations prior to construction; site
significance; and mitigation and preservation plans for
significant sites that could be damaged by construction activities. The SHPO reviews and comments
on all reports produced in compliance with state and federal laws. It is also responsible for
maintaining records for the compliance-related projects and files for sites listed in the National
Register of Historic Places. However, it does not manage or maintain the State’s archaeological site
files. The South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology (SCIAA), a University of South
Carolina research institute, serves as the main State agency concerned with South Carolina's
VI-14
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Prehistoric and Historic Archaeology, and its discovery, study, revelation, and official safekeeping at a
curatorial facility. The SCIAA Division of Underwater Archaeology conducts compliance surveys for
waterfront developments that might endanger underwater sites. The South Carolina Department of
Natural Resources’ Heritage Trust Program was established in 1976 to inventory and preserve the
state’s most significant natural and cultural resources. The Heritage Trust has an archaeologist on
staff who works closely with other staff members, related agencies, and landowners to identify and
protect significant archaeological sites in the state of South Carolina. The South Carolina Department
of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism (PRT) manages several of the State’s significant archaeological
sites.
In order to protect archeological sites from damage and preserve their integrity, the exact location of
the sites cannot be disclosed to the public. Instead, archaeological site data is available from the
SCIAA as raw counts per topographic quadrangle. Archaeological discoveries within the two
quadrangles encompassing the City have included approximately 95 sites containing prehistoric
artifacts and 98 sites containing artifacts from historic periods.
Museums
Rock Hill Telephone Company Museum – 117 Elk Avenue
Located in the heart of downtown Rock Hill, the
Rock Hill Telephone Company Museum, or
Comporium Museum, traces more than 100 years
of telecommunication service to the area. Beginning
with a video of the company’s origins, the tour
encompasses the history of the company along with
interactive exhibits of the technological advances
that have kept it at the forefront of the
telecommunications industry.
In addition to its permanent programming, children
attending the City’s annual Christmasville
celebration can come to the museum and use a
“special” phone to call directly to Santa and tell him
their Christmas wishes.
Comporium Museum
Museum of York County (MYCO) – 4621 Mt. Gallant Road
The Museum of York County is part of a linked system of cultural institutions, known as the Culture
and Heritage Museums, which also includes Historic Brattonsville, the McCelvey Center, and the
planned Museum of Life and the Environment on the Catawba River in the Town of Fort Mill. The
museums are managed by the York County Culture and Heritage Commission. Established in 1950
as the Children’s Nature Museum of Rock Hill, the Museum of York County is annually visited by
more than 30,000 people. It features an array of exhibits and educational programs pertaining to
natural history and science, cultural history, and the arts for all ages. The museum is home to the
Stans African animal collection, which includes more than 200 full-mounted African animals; the
Clifford collection of African art, featuring unique African art and artifacts; the Vernon Grant Gallery,
which is devoted to the creator of Kellogg’s Rice Krispies® characters Snap! Crackle! And Pop!®;
dioramas of historic Carolina Piedmont landscapes and wildlife, and the Settlemyre Planetarium,
showcasing a state-of-the-art audio and visual exploration of the universe. A variety of educational
programs and events are held throughout the year, such as Africa Alive!, Earth Day Birthday, and
America Recycles Day.
Old Cotton Factory “Mini-Museum” – 300 Chatham Avenue
The entrance hall of the newly renovated Old Cotton Factory overlooking Dave Lyle Boulevard and
downtown Rock Hill features a small museum of textile history and Rock Hill manufacturing. The
exhibit includes an old fabric loom as well as displays of historical photographs and artifacts
highlighting the history of the Cotton Factory as the first steam-powered textile mill in South Carolina;
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI-15
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Rock Hill’s textile and railroad industries; and the early history of downtown Rock Hill. Railroad tracks
are set in cement in the rear walkway of the building marking the spot where railcars dropped off bails
of cotton from a nearby rail line. Additionally, a 1921 Anderson automobile is being temporarily
housed in the facility to commemorate the Rock Hill founded Anderson Motor Company for its
distinction as being the first automobile manufacturer in the south. Once construction of the Culture
and Heritage Museums of York County’s Museum of Life and the Environment is complete, the
Anderson car will be relocated.
Historic White Home and Gardens – 258 White Street
Built in 1839 in what is now the Historic East Town
Neighborhood of Rock Hill, SC, the White Home was one of
the first homes built in Rock Hill. In 2005, Historic Rock Hill
purchased the 3.35 acre property from the White family for
the purpose of preserving its structure and grounds for future
generations.
The 2.5 million dollar restoration project
included structural improvements and stabilization to the
main house and several out-buildings as well as extensive
landscaping upgrades to create a relaxing "garden park"
environment. The White Home is a centerpiece for the
community, hosting weddings, events, educational field trips
and historical tours, acting as a window to the historic roots of
Rock Hill.
White Home Restoration Concept Plan
Future Downtown Children’s Museum – Downtown Rock Hill
Plans are in the works for an interactive children’s museum in downtown Rock Hill. The Culture and
Heritage Museums has secured funds to acquire space in the vacant lobby of the former People’s
Bank Building and are now completing plans for construction. The museum is envisioned to include
3-D exhibits, colorful shapes and play equipment designed to honor the late local artist Vernon Grant.
If the plan comes together, organizers expect to open in time for the city’s ChristmasVille festival in
December 2010.
For additional information about
museum facilities, please refer to
the Community Facilities Element.
Institutional Facilities & Programs
Cultural resources also include many programs and services that are accessible to residents via an
institution, such as the library, a church or synagogue, or through educational facilities. This section
highlights the types of cultural opportunities available to residents and visitors in the Rock Hill area.
York County Library System
The mission of the York County Library is to enrich and sustain
the lives of the people of York County by providing library
services that meet their informational, recreational, and lifelong
learning needs. With an annual budget for 2009/2010 of
$4,907,000, the library system consists of the main library,
headquartered in downtown Rock Hill, with branches in Clover,
Fort Mill, Lake Wylie, and York. Each library offers a unique
array of special services and programs to York County
residents. A Bookmobile provides additional service to nursing
homes, daycares, and other locations throughout the York
County community, including 31 scheduled stops in Rock Hill,
as well as homebound and outreach services.
The main library in Rock Hill features a number of unique services and programs. The Technology
Center provides users with public access to 25 computer workstations for internet access, software
VI-16
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI. Cultural Resources Element
for adults and children, and online research databases as well as free computer classes. The main
library also offers a variety of free programs for adults, teenagers and children including visits from
local authors and preschool story-time to theatre performances and Patchwork Tales Storytelling
Festival, a three-day festival held annually in May. Located on the second floor, the Nan Weller
Carson Local History Room contains a collection of local history resources about York County, South
Carolina and the Catawba Indians. Materials in the room are not available for checkout or interlibrary
loan; however, many of these valuable resources have been digitally scanned and are accessible
online at the following website: www.ychistory.org.
The library system offers an assortment of services to York County residents. Children's Services
provides a full range of books, magazines, audio books, videos, and DVDs suitable for children from
infancy through age 12. Specialty programming, such as weekly story times, after-school events,
storytelling and services to parents or adults who work with children are also available. Children's
outreach services are offered to child care providers, schools, and other agencies working with
children. Young Adult Services serves youth ages 12-18 with teen-oriented books, magazines, and
programs, such as the Teen Internet Cafe and the Teen Advisory Board. Live Homework Help®
provides one-on-one online tutoring assistance to York County students in English, Math, Social
Studies and Science by accessing the library website. SchoolRooms is an online multimedia
resource to assist students with homework and school projects, as well as practical and relevant
guides for parents, educators, and librarians. The Adult Outreach department provides outreach
services to the elderly and incarcerated. In addition, all York County Library locations have a meeting
room for use free of charge by non-profit organizations or community groups. General information
about the York County library system (FY2008/2009) includes the following:
Circulation:
 Main
481,144
 Bookmobile
54,538
 Clover
62,694
 Fort Mill
278,915
 Lake Wylie
78,828
 York
118,926
 GRAND TOTAL
1,200,272
701,697
Door Count:
17,934
New Library Cards Issued:
92,693
Total Number of Library Cards:
Main Library
158,626
Internet Sessions:
Questions Answered by A Librarian: 207,805
1,809 with 140,272 people attending
Total number of programs:
Holdings:
 Books
274,676
 Magazine Subscriptions
586
 Audio Books
8,861
 Videos/DVDs
8,791
 E-Books
39
 Databases
50
15,039
Number of Hours Open:
Friends of the York County Library is a non-profit organization that supports the York County Library
system. Through membership dues, book sales, and special fund-raising activities, the Friends of the
Library secures funding for non-budgeted library projects and programs. The group also partners
with other agencies to sponsor various library events featuring nationally and internationally
renowned storytellers, musicians, and other performing artists.
Additional information about the York County Library
System can be found on their website: www.yclibrary.org.
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
For additional information about
library facilities, please refer to the
Community Facilities Element.
VI-17
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Faith-Based Institutions
The City of Rock Hill has more than 80 different faith-based
institutions located throughout the jurisdiction for those who
desire spiritual gatherings. These institutions represent a
significant cultural resource for the area.
As previously
indicated in Tables 6.1 and 6.2, many churches and ancillary
cemeteries within the city limits have historical significance. It
is believed that the Ebenezer Associate Presbyterian Church,
erected around 1785, was the first church established in the
area. Although the original structure and several buildings later
constructed have since been destroyed, the site is still actively
used for church services. This site is also occupied by the
Ebenezer Academy, the oldest known school building standing
in York County. The adjacent cemetery has been used as a
community burial ground since the time of the first settlement.
The oldest marked grave is that of Stephen McCorkle who died
on September 22, 1790.
Ebenezer Associate (Reformed)
Presbyterian Church, current day
Houses of faith also serve to embrace diversity by including other cultures in their membership,
offering church services in multiple languages, and providing English for Speakers of Other
Languages (ESOL) classes and other resources to minorities to foster community relations.
Religious leaders in the area host an annual interfaith prayer breakfast in observance of the Martin
Luther King Jr. holiday. Most area churches and similar ministries offer a variety of musical and/or
theatrical programs to enhance the spiritual needs and artistic growth of our community. Houses of
worship located within the area are categorized into the following denominations:

African Methodist
Episcopal (AME) Zion

Christian

Interdenominational

Pentecostal Holiness

Apostolic

Church of Christ

Jehovah’s Witnesses

Presbyterian

Assembly of God

Church of God

Lutheran ELCA

Presbyterian PCA

Associate Reformed
Presbyterian (A R P)

Church of God of
Prophecy

Lutheran

Seventh Day Adventist

Baha’i

Church of Jesus Christ
of Latter-Day Saints
(Mormon)

Lutheran LCMS

The Wesleyan

Baptist

Episcopal

Messianic

United Methodist

Baptist, Independent

Evangelical Free
Church

Nazarene

United Pentecostal

Baptist, Southern

Holiness

Non-Denominational

Catholic

Independent

Pentecostal
Several other religious organizations located in Rock Hill provide social services and minister to the
physical, emotional, and spiritual needs of the community. These include:

VI-18
The Oratory, founded in 1934, is a community of 16 Catholic priests and brothers that
serve York County's five Catholic churches, preaching and ministering to the members.
Some of the regular programs offered through the facility include: The Oratory Religion
Summer Camp for children, Oratory the Hispanic Ministry, seminars and retreats, the
Knights of Columbus, and the Catholic Engaged Encounter of South Carolina.
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI. Cultural Resources Element


Young Life is a non-denominational, Christian, non-profit organization dedicated to the
spiritual growth of local teenagers. Programs include Club, Campaigners and Camp.
The Salvation Army is a worldwide evangelical Christian organization devoted to disaster
relief, social services and other charitable causes. In addition to its local administration
and social service offices and thrift store, the Rock Hill Salvation Army in partnership with
York County Government, the City of Rock Hill and United Way of York County, opened a
Warming Center in winter 2007, designed to provide warm shelter to homeless men in
the area.
Programs in Educational Institutions
The Community Facilities
Element includes additional
information about school
facilities.
Public School System:
Rock Hill Schools– 660 North Anderson Road
The mission of Rock Hill Schools is to provide students with challenging work
that authentically engages them in the learning process and prepares them for
successful futures. Nearly 18,000 students are enrolled in the 27 schools
throughout the service area, including 16 elementary schools, as well as the
Children’s School at Sylvia Circle, a state-funded Montessori school; five
middle schools, three high schools, one applied technology center; and a
public charter school, the Children’s Attention Home Charter
School (K-8), which provides an intensive educational program
with special emphasis placed on the psychosocial aspects and
study skills for at-risk children who have been removed from
their homes due to abuse, abandonment, or neglect.
Rosewood Elementary International School has been
designated an International Baccalaureate Primary Years
Programme (IBPYP) and uses a comprehensive approach to
learning though an international curriculum taught through
inquiry. Northside Elementary School of the Arts is one of five
Northside Elementary School of the Arts
schools recognized nationally as a Creative Ticket School of
Excellence by the Kennedy Center Alliance for Arts Education Network (KCAAEN) and the South
Carolina Alliance of Arts Educators (SCAAE) for its exemplary arts education programs. Rock Hill
Schools and the Arts Council of York County participate in the John F. Kennedy Center National
Partners in Education program which partners cultural organizations and schools throughout the
nation to expand their education programs with the primary focus on the education of teachers.
Rock Hill Schools also offers several alternative/focused learning school programs primarily at the
Rock Hill Flexible Learning Center located at 1234 Flint Street Extension:
 The Phoenix Academy offers a flexible, self-paced learning environment for high school
students.
 The Rebound Alternative School is designed for students in grades 5-8 who have
demonstrated behavioral problems. Students are temporarily assigned to the Rebound
Program and must show significant improvement within twelve weeks or the student is
referred back to the home school for expulsion procedures.
 Renaissance Academy, opened in March 2008, offers new options for high school
students who have been suspended or expelled.
 The Adult and Community Education Center provides responsive, accessible and flexible
educational programs that prepare adult learners for the workforce or post-secondary
education while ensuring an appreciation for cultural and ethnic diversity.
Other facilities in Rock Hill that offer alternative/focused learning school programs include the Central
Child Development Center for pre-kindergarten students, and Parent Smart Family Resource Center,
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI-19
VI. Cultural Resources Element
which offers a family-focused environment that welcomes culturally and socio-economically diverse
families, with all services available in English and Spanish.
Rock Hill Schools first magnet school program was fully implemented in the fall of the 2009-2010
school year. Sunset Park Elementary School was transitioned into the Center for Accelerated
Studies at Sunset Park, a facility for the gifted and talented and designed with four distinguishing
characteristics: acceleration and enrichment, elective courses, technology infusion, and extended
instructional time.
Additional information about Rock Hill Schools can be found on their website:
hill.k12.sc.us.
www.rock-
Private Schools
Several private schools are located in Rock Hill including Shekinah Christian Academy (PK-12),
Shield of Faith Christian Academy (PK-12), St. Anne School, (PK-8), and Westminster/Catawba
Christian School (PK-12). These schools offer educational and other programs that integrate
academic, arts, physical and spiritual instruction.
Higher Education:
Clinton Junior College – 1029 Crawford Road
Clinton Junior College (CJC) is a private, two year institution that offers
an academic environment that not only promotes intellectual growth, but
also fosters positive moral, ethical, and spiritual values. The College
was founded in 1894 by the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church to
help eradicate illiteracy among black freedmen. Since then, Clinton
Junior College has grown to serve nearly 100 students annually and
offers degree programs in Business, Liberal Arts, Religious Studies,
Early Childhood/Elementary Education, and Natural Sciences. Students
typically come from diverse backgrounds; students enrolled in 2008
Clinton Junior College, Library
represented fourteen states, as well as two foreign countries. A 15,000
square foot library was recently added to the campus and a study is
currently being conducted to determine the feasibility of constructing an additional 64,000 square foot
complex of buildings, including classrooms, offices, a health and athletic complex, and a fine arts
building. A Student Support Services program provides special assistance to students through
tutoring, mentoring, counseling, and training, as well as by providing guidance on transitioning to a
four-year institution and additional services for students with disabilities.
Clinton Junior College has been designated as a Church related, Historically Black Institution of
higher learning, and as such as qualified to participate in HUD’s Historically Black Colleges and
Universities (HBCU) program. Through the HBCU, Clinton has received grants to provide a range of
community services to the surrounding “Old Town” neighborhood-such as a continuum of care for the
homeless, adult basic education, job counseling, social and medical services, and fair housing.
Additional information about
www.clintonjuniorcollege.edu.
Clinton
Junior
College
can
be
found
on
their
website:
Specific information about
the higher education
institutions in Rock Hill is
provided in the Community
Facilities Element.
VI-20
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI. Cultural Resources Element
York Technical College – 452 Anderson Road
York Technical College originally opened in 1964 as the York
County Technical Education Center with 60 students enrolled
in seven programs of study. It has since grown to over 6,000
credit students in more than 80 credit programs. The campus
consists of 15 buildings, including five classroom buildings, the
Anne Springs Close Library; Student Services Building; two
shop buildings, the Facilities Maintenance Building, Grounds
Building; Child Development Center; the Student Center; and
the Baxter M. Hood Continuing Education Center.
In addition to offering academic programs, the College
York Technical College, Arts & Science
provides continuing education for approximately 7,000
Distance Learning Facility
residents and more than 250 businesses in the community
through distance learning opportunities; teleclasses; telecourses; online courses; hybrid courses;
work-based learning; EXCELS for high school dual enrollment credit; and Clemson/USC/ETV
televised course offerings. The federally funded Student Support Services (SSS) Trio Program
provides personal and academic services to students. Program services include a textbook loan
program, academic advising, financial aid assistance, tutoring, workshops, career planning, free
cultural events, mentoring, and college transfer assistance. The College maintains a Special
Resources Office providing disability services through the Learning Enhanced Achievement Program
(LEAP) and special needs scholarships including the Adults-in-Transition and Challenge programs.
The Child Development Center provides training for students in the area of Child Development and to
provide quality child care services to students, faculty, and staff of York Technical College and the
community.
Additional information
www.yorktech.com.
about
York
Technical
College
can
be
found
on
their
website:
Winthrop University – 114 Tillman Hall
Winthrop University was founded in 1886 in Columbia, South
Carolina for the purpose of training female teachers for the
city school system. Since it moved to its permanent Rock Hill
home in 1895, the school has grown from a single classroom
to a comprehensive university of national distinction. The
Main Campus is located on more than 100 acres in a historic
district near downtown while a 360-acre nearby site known as
“the Farm” serves as Winthrop’s recreational and research
complex.
As of October 2007, a total of 6,241 students were enrolled in
Winthrop University, Tillman Hall
the University for the 2007-2008 school year including 5,097
undergraduates and 1,144 graduate and professional students. Forty-two states are represented in
the student body, and Winthrop is also home to approximately 133 International students from 54
countries, with nearly 31 percent of the university’s population representing various ethnic and
cultural backgrounds. “Flags on Alumni Drive” recognizes the University’s diverse international
population as country flags are flown on both sides of the street between Cherry Road and Johnson
Hall representing the countries of Winthrop graduates.
A total of 41 undergraduate and 24 graduate degrees, with more than 100 programs of study offered
through concentrations and options, are available in the four colleges: College of Arts and Sciences;
College of Business Administration; College of Visual and Performing Arts; and the Richard W. Riley
College of Education. The University’s College of Visual and Performing Arts offers a variety of fullyaccredited studies in dance, music, theatre and the visual arts and is the only program in the state to
provide teacher licensure curricula in art, music, dance and theater. Winthrop’s unique public art
program gives art and design students, as well as faculty and alumni, ongoing opportunities to create
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI-21
VI. Cultural Resources Element
and fabricate temporary and permanent works for the university’s public spaces. Student music,
dance and theatre performances are also held throughout the year.
A variety of special student academic programs are available at Winthrop including: Academy 101 for
freshmen; honors; National Student Exchange; international studies; academic theme floors within
the residence halls; the Center for Career Development and Service Learning; Leadership Winthrop;
Close Scholars; Model United Nations; peer mentoring; and New Start for adult learners. Academic
resources can be obtained from the Ida Jane Dacus Library, the sixth largest academic library in
South Carolina. More than 2,000,000 items including books, periodicals, microfilm, microfiche, and
government documents can be accessed from the Library as well as the Dacus Online Catalog
(DOC), which provides online access to these collections as well as other Internet sources. Tutoring
services are also available at the Writing Center and Math Lab.
Winthrop University, Carnegie Library
The federally funded Student Support Services (SSS) Trio
Program provides personal and academic services to students.
Program services include academic counseling; individualized
needs assessment and academic success plans, free tutorial
services; program computer lab, financial aid counseling and
referral, career development services; cultural/educational
events, college success workshops, and advocacy. Through
the Health and Counseling Services Program, students, faculty,
and staff have access to a variety of services and professionals
equipped to address their medical and counseling needs and
related concerns.
The program also offers services for
students with disabilities.
Winthrop offers an extensive range of extracurricular programs and social organizations to ensure an
active student life and build relationships between and among students, faculty, alumni, and members
of the community. Some of these include more than 180 clubs and organizations, eight sororities,
eight fraternities, 17 men's and women's intercollegiate sports in the NCAA Division I Big South
Conference: women's and men's basketball, tennis, golf, indoor and outdoor track, soccer and crosscountry; women's softball and volleyball; and men's baseball. The Dinkins Student Union is in charge
of programming extra-curricular entertainment for the Winthrop student body. Guest comedians,
singers, bands, lecturers, and novelty acts perform at special events held each semester. The Office
of Volunteer and Community Services provides co-curricular service opportunities for students,
faculty and staff to utilize their talents in meeting community needs. The Office of Multicultural
Student Life provides students, faculty and staff with several avenues through which they can
enhance their knowledge about other cultures and diversity issues. The International Center provides
campus information to prospective and current international students, immigration resources and
international programs for faculty and staff, and opportunities for study abroad and national student
exchange programs.
Future Winthrop campus development plans for both the Main
Campus and the Farm have been unveiled. Key components
of the master plan include moving the “heart of campus” further
south to incorporate the social center of the university grounds
and making the campus more pedestrian and bicycle friendly
through pavers, lighting, landscaping, arbors, banners,
sculptures, swings, and courtyards which would tie into the
proposed Downtown trolley system along the Norfolk Southern
railway.
Winthrop University, Withers Building
Several major projects have been recently completed or are currently under construction. Owens
Hall, a 32,200 square foot “SMART technology” classroom facility was completed in 2007. Also in
2007, the 137,000 square foot Lois Rhame West Health, Physical Education, and Wellness Center
was completed, providing educational and recreational opportunities for the campus community in a
safe, engaging environment promoting academic growth and healthy lifestyles. In 2007, the facility
was awarded the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Silver certification for
VI-22
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Winthrop’s environmental sustainability efforts in Green Building design and construction. Slated to
open in fall 2010, the four-story 110,000 square foot DiGiorgio Campus Center features a two-story
glass atrium containing a “smart wall” with updated campus news events, an outdoor plaza, coffee
house, bookstore, office space, conference area, student activity spaces, food court, postal center,
400-seat multipurpose room, 28-seat private dining room and boardroom, and 225-seat movie
theatre. The Carol Hall Auditorium was completed in 2009 and features classrooms and labs for
students within the College of Business Administration, a 195-seat auditorium, and a stock trading
floor.
Other planned facilities at the Main Campus include a music library addition that will host music
reference collections, listening booth spaces and informal gathering spaces for musicians, a
proposed $45-million library containing contemporary collections and historic archives as well as online information resources, and a future science building. Future campus development is also
proposed on the south side of Alumni Drive as well as an addition to the coliseum at the Farm
Campus.
Additional information about Winthrop University can be found on their website: www.winthrop.edu.
Winthrop University, Byrnes Auditorium
Multiculturalism
Rock Hill proudly recognizes and promotes the contributions of the diverse cultural heritages and
ancestries of all its people. City Council has established several committees and task forces to tackle
diversity issues and promote cultural awareness. Rock Hill’s Committee on Human Relations was
created in 1981 to promote the health, safety and general welfare of all citizens, and serves as a
forum for the discussion of community issues and concerns. Some of the committee’s responsibilities
are to promote positive human relations and reduce discrimination; assess and respond to the
Human Relations needs of our community; and advocate and recognize change to promote respect,
appreciation, and understanding of diversity among all people in the community. In 1989, the City
appointed the “No Room for Racism” Committee to create a mindset where people of different
cultures come together to eliminate racism. Through this program, Rock Hill has pledged to pursue
truth and understanding between and among all people regardless of race, sex, color, religion or
national origin. The role of the Rock Hill/York County MLK Task Force is to promote, encourage and
inspire awareness, acceptance and appreciation among the community for the legacy and philosophy
of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and to foster continuing commitment to Dr. King’s example of love,
tolerance, nonviolence and social justice. The volunteer group advances the observance of the
Martin Luther King, Jr. Holiday, including coordination of an annual MLK Day breakfast.
Catawba Indian Reservation
One of the most significant cultural aspects of Rock Hill is its long history with the Catawba Indian
Nation, once considered one of the most powerful eastern Siouan tribes and believed by scholars to
be the aboriginal people of the Carolinas whose heritage can be dated to 2400 BC. The Catawba
name is derived from the term Katapu, which means "fork in a river"; however, Catawba people
usually refer to themselves Ye Iswa, which means "river people."
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI-23
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Before the arrival of European colonists, the Catawba Nation numbered around 6,000 and
encompassed nearly 55,000 square miles including most of South Carolina, central North Carolina,
and southern Virginia. The first European to have contact with the Native American tribe (later
confirmed to be the Catawba Indians) in present-day York County was the Spanish explorer
Hernando De Soto while on a quest to find gold that eventually led him to the Mississippi River.
Shortly after, Juan Pardo recorded his observation of the Catawba while on his 1566-1567 expedition.
Due to constant warfare and smallpox epidemics, the Catawba population dwindled to less than
1,000 by 1760 and merely 110 by 1826. Today, approximately 2,200 names are included on the
Catawba Indian Nation tribal roll. The last fluent speaker of the Catawba language died in 1996;
however, efforts are currently underway to revive the language through new generations.
The original Catawba Indian Reservation was a 630-acre site in the eastern part of York County along
the Catawba River approximately eight miles east of the City of Rock Hill (see Map 6.3). After
Tennessee refused to host a Catawba reservation in the mountains, South Carolina purchased this
site in 1842 on land that was considered cheap and worthless by most people. A settlement was
reached in 1993 between the Catawba Nation and local, state, and national governments after the
Catawbas filed lawsuits to regain the 140,000 acres they believed were taken from them illegally in
the 1840 Treaty of Nation Ford with Congress. The settlement provided for Federal tribe recognition
and included $50 million for economic development, education, social services, and land purchases
allowing them to expand the Reservation by as much as 4,200 acres.
Map 6.3: Catawba Indian Nation Location Map
The Catawba Cultural Preservation Project (CCPP) was formed in 1990 as a non-profit organization
within the Catawba Cultural Center located on the Catawba Indian Reservation. Its mission is to
preserve, promote and protect the rich cultural heritage of the Catawba Indian Nation. Programs
range from tribal history and culture to archeology. Classes and tours are offered showcasing Native
American dance and drumming, pottery, storytelling, and musical performances. The Catawba hold a
yearly celebration called Yap Ye Iswa, or Day of the River People, with proceeds funding activities
at the Cultural Center. Pottery and crafts are also available for purchase at the Center.
VI-24
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Additional information about the Catawba Indian Nation can be found on their website:
www.catawbaindiannation.com. Specific information about the Catawba Cultural Center can be
found at: www.ccppcrafts.com.
Population characteristics
and trends are detailed in
the Population Element.
African-American Culture
Few African-Americans inhabited the Upper Piedmont region prior to the American Revolutionary
War. In fact, the first United States Census (1790) indicated that York County contained a population
of 6,604 with 923 listed as slaves. With the introduction of the cotton gin in the 1790s, York County
experienced significant growth, particularly in the black population, as slavery became an integral part
of the economy. The cotton boom, which had a tremendous impact on the entire southeast, greatly
influenced agriculture and slave holding patterns. Slave ownership increased significantly in York
County between 1800 and 1860; by 1850, 40 percent of York County’s 15,000 residents were slaves.
On the eve of the Civil War, the County’s population had grown to approximately 21,500, with almost
half of the population documented as enslaved labor.
Reconstruction after the Civil War was difficult. African-Americans had won their freedom, but the
local economic structure was devastated. Without laborers to productively work large land holdings,
many property owners were forced to sell off portions of their land to smaller farmers, drastically
altering established agricultural patterns. Slavery gave way to a system of sharecropping and liencropping by landowners and merchants, both of which were inflexible and perpetuated an
underdeveloped society of African-Americans. The vast majority of African-Americans lived by
manual labor employed as servants, porters and unskilled day laborers that received subsistence
wages and were afforded virtually no opportunities for the accumulation of property or upward
mobility. As the Industrial Revolution dawned in the late nineteenth century, the Rock Hill area
remained captive to a cotton-growing economy and a racially segregated ideology.
Attitudes soon began to shift at the turn of the century, as Rock Hill began to establish itself as a
community of vision, empowerment, and one taking charge of its future. The most profitable
contribution African-Americans made to the development of Rock Hill has been the effort to secure
economic independence through land acquisition and the establishment of business enterprises. The
black community acquired considerable land holdings at this time, including a number of buildings in
downtown on West Black Street as well as East Main Street. African-Americans operated several
business establishments, such as pharmacies, barbershops, dentist offices and tailors, many of which
served both white and black clientele.
During the Reconstruction, religious institutions recognized the need to provide a high quality of
education for black youth previously denied educational opportunity and established several schools
in Rock Hill to help eradicate illiteracy among freemen. Hermon Presbyterian Church’s school is
believed to have been the oldest black school in Rock Hill, followed by several others that were also
established by local church congregations. It was not until 1920 that the Rock Hill public school
system opened its first central graded school for black children with the construction of the Emmett
Scott School. Two higher education facilities were founded and supported by the black community
and have provided valuable educational opportunities for Rock Hill students. Friendship Institute
(later, Friendship College), was founded in 1891 by the Baptist Convention of Chester and York
Counties to train preachers and teachers as well as younger children. In the 1930s, a small library
was established at the college to serve the black community since the City library was reserved for
whites only. By 1978, Friendship College offered Bachelors Degrees in Accounting, Business
Administration and Economics; however, the college closed its doors in 1981. The oldest operating
educational institution in Rock Hill, now known as Clinton Junior College, was founded in 1894 by the
African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church and has operated continuously for 115 years. These two
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI-25
VI. Cultural Resources Element
colleges have sponsored the works of many artists and continue to enrich Rock Hill with many
cultural venues and programs.
Although African-Americans faced hard economic conditions during the Depression of the 1930s,
they were able to endure tough times by bonding as a community. Businesses in the black
commercial district continued to succeed by offering a variety of professional services, restaurants,
and places for entertainment. In addition, several clubs and dance halls opened along Black and
Trade Streets. Most of these establishments thrived for decades, and it was not until the 1960s that
many of these buildings were torn down through urban renewal projects to redevelop downtown and
historic gathering places of the black community began to
disappear.
Although slavery had become illegal many years prior, racial
segregation was still predominant through the 1940s and 1950s,
especially in the southern states. The American civil rights
movement of the 1960s greatly influenced the Rock Hill
community as non-violent “sit-ins” became commonplace. Two
significant protest events brought national attention to the City.
In February 1961, a small group of African-American students
from Friendship College, later known as The Friendship Nine,
went to jail for staging a sit-in at the segregated McCrory’s lunch
counter located on Main Street. The event gained nationwide
attention because the men followed an untried strategy called
“jail, no bail” that was emulated in other communities. Their
imprisonment strongly influenced public opinion and was an
McCrory’s Lunch Counter Sit-In, 6-12-60
historic step toward civil rights in a small Southern town and
paved the way for de-segregation and acceptance of equal rights. Three months later, racially
integrated groups of non-violent volunteers, known as Freedom Riders, boarded Greyhound and
Trailways buses in Washington, D.C., and headed south to test the enforcement of a newly enacted
ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court outlawing racial segregation in all interstate public facilities. They
encountered little resistance in the Upper South; however, they were met with violence when they
arrived at the Rock Hill Greyhound bus station. Battered, but undeterred, the young Freedom Riders
continued on their journey and ultimately bolstered a movement of local black activists across the
Deep South that helped to topple segregation nationwide.
In January 2007, a state historical marker was erected at the McCrory’s site and part of the building
was declared a permanent historic site to recognize and honor the Friendship Nine. In addition to
preserving the site, the original lunch counter and the nine stools with the names of the members of
the Friendship Nine on them has been preserved, and a Heritage Hall was created including a
permanent exhibit composed of text and photographs documenting this historic event in American
history.
According to the 2000 Census, nearly 38 percent of Rock Hill’s population identified themselves as
Black or African-American. It is anticipated that this percentage will be even higher with the 2010
Census. As such, Rock Hill must ensure that it balances the needs of its diverse populations.
Hispanic Culture
The Hispanic population has become the fastest growing segment of Rock Hill’s population over the
last twenty years. According to the U.S. Census, the total population of Hispanics or Latinos in Rock
Hill has grown from 265 residents, or 0.6 percent of the total population, in 1990; to 1,236 residents,
or 2.5 percent of the total population, in 2000. Moreover, the 2008 American Community Survey
currently estimates that there are 3,186 Hispanic or Latino residents, comprising 4.9 percent of the
total population. It is important to note that these numbers may significantly under-represent the
actual Hispanic of Latino population as it does not account for undocumented immigrants.
The majority of Rock Hill’s Hispanic population is from Mexico (75%), with 45 percent from Veracruz,
Mexico. The other 25 percent are from various parts of Central and South America and the
VI-26
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Caribbean Islands. This recent influx of Hispanic immigrants to Rock Hill is largely attributed to the
availability of migrant worker jobs and positions in the construction industry. While employers
welcome the inexpensive labor, educators and health care providers struggle to meet new demands.
Also, the lack of English language skills is a challenge many Latinos face in the settlement process.
Churches, non-profit organizations, and government agencies have begun to organize outreach
efforts to address these cultural issues.
In August 2000, the City established the Hispanic Task Force of York County, with members
representing the major service providers in the county. The undisputed conclusion of the Hispanic
Task Force was that York County needed a non-profit agency that would offer assistance to the
area’s non-English speaking population and to the agencies that are serving them. This was
implemented in 2003 with the establishment of the International Center of York County (ICYC).
The ICYC is located at the Rock Hill School’s Family Resource Center and a Hispanic Community
Liaison is shared between the City and the ICYC. The ICYC hosts annual information fairs for the
Hispanic population, with different themes every year such as: immigration, taxes, labor rights,
budgeting, small businesses, health, etc. It also provides an ongoing outreach to victims of domestic
violence or sexual assault, providing support groups and reading material, with a program called
Hope for Tomorrow. Since 2003 more than 900 clients have received assistance, and on average,
the ICYC receives more than 150 calls per month.
Some of the biggest changes that the Hispanic population has brought to Rock Hill include the
growing number of Latino-owned businesses, particularly first time small business owners, offering
specialty products and services. Also, many churches have begun adding services specifically for
Spanish speaking members. Grupo Latino de Rock Hill is a group of children, youth and adults from
different nationalities and background who perform at special events in the area to preserve ethnic
traditions of Latino song and dance.
Grupo Latino de Rock Hill
Other Prominent Cultures
According to the 2000 Census, 1.3 percent of Rock Hill’s population is Asian, while 0.7 percent is
listed as American Indian, and 1.0 percent consisted of other minorities. Since the 1990 Census, the
Asian population has more than doubled. The growing Asian population is attributed to the 1970s
Vietnamese relocation effort sponsored by the Oratory and members of St. Anne’s Catholic Church.
Hundreds of Vietnamese refugees fled their war-torn homeland and were brought to the area by the
Diocese of Charleston for the U.S. Catholic Immigration Service. Many chose to settle in Rock Hill,
raising families, opening businesses, and bringing extended family members to live near them.
Though they had to quickly assimilate to the American lifestyle, the Vietnamese still maintain their
cultural identity through observation of holidays, traditional dress, native food, song, and worship.
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI-27
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Arts
Rock Hill enjoys a vibrant arts culture through public art, the performing arts, visual arts, art councils
and organizations, and a variety of recurring festivals and events. These art facilities are depicted in
Map 6.4.
The arts enhance our quality of life, inspire creativity in individuals and engage the community to work
together towards a common goal. A diverse cultural industry builds a strong sense of community. It
is also a factor in driving economic growth: money invested in cultural activities attracts patrons to
area hotels, restaurants and shops; produces jobs; contributes to state and local tax coffers; raises
property values and builds bridges between cultures. In 2008, a study commissioned by the Arts
Council of York County was completed by a national nonprofit group called Americans for the Arts.
The study, which included surveys of more than 1,000 local people and businesses, festivals,
concerts, gallery crawls and other nonprofit sponsored events, concluded that cultural organizations
and their audiences produce an economic impact of $7 million in York County.
Civitas, Dave Lyle/Gateway Boulevards and City Hall
VI-28
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Map 6.4: Rock Hill Art Facilities
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI-29
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Public Art
Public art is highly appreciated in the City of Rock Hill, with sculptures, monuments, gardens and
fountains strategically placed throughout the community. Public art pieces have been thoughtfully
located to inspire spectators and create a more meaningful sense of place.
Cherry Park - 1466 Cherry Rd
“Mighty Casey”, located at the entrance to the softball/baseball
complex in Cherry Park, was modeled after the legendary ball player
depicted in Ernest Lawrence Thayer’s narrative poem, “Casey at the
Bat.” This 14 foot bronze statue, crafted by Colorado sculptor Mark
Lundeen, is one of three of its kind and has graced the park entrance
since 1991.
The Gateway - Dave Lyle Blvd. and Gateway Blvd
The “Gateway”, designed by architect Michael Gallis, was installed in
1991 as a monument honoring Rock Hill Citizens for their civic deeds in
creating a vision for the City in the 21st century. The circular
intersection, located on Dave Lyle Boulevard at Tech Park, is
surrounded by terraced gardens, flanked by two sixty-foot historic
Egyptian Revival columns that once adorned the Masonic Temple in
Casey at Bat
Charlotte and gifted to Rock Hill by First Union Corporation, and
includes four twenty-two foot tall bronze Civitas (Latin for “civic pride”) statues. Sculpted by New York
artist Audrey Flack, each Civitas displays a unique symbol indicating four separate and meaningful
aspects of the City of Rock Hill. These emblems, known as the Four Visions, represent the “Flames
of Knowledge’, Stars of Inspiration and Creativity”, “Gears of Industry”, and “Lightning Bolt of Energy”.
In 1996, the Gateway Plaza received one of 36 awards issued jointly by the National Endowment for
the Arts (NEA) and the US Department of Transportation for designs that link public art and
transportation planning. A fifth Civitas, sculptured by Audrey Flack, was placed in the rotunda at City
Hall in 1992.
Old Town Amphitheater at City Hall – 155 Johnston Street
The Old Town Amphitheater was dedicated during the City’s
Centennial Celebration in December 1992 and designed as a
landscaped gathering area for introspection and relaxation.
Since then, it has grown to also include a variety of programmed
special events such as concerts, movies, performances,
festivals, and public art displays. In late winter, the Arts Council
of York County and Rock Hill Schools sponsor an annual
community-wide public art project showcasing community
designed banners, which are displayed on lampposts along
Main Street and throughout the plaza. The plaza also features a
City Hall Amphitheater
functional fountain as well as a bell tower containing the original
1899 fire bell that was used to alert volunteer firefighters from its
perch in a tower at the formerly combined fire and police department located on East White Street. A
time capsule containing significant current events and articles representing a “snapshot” of life in
Rock Hill in 1992 is located at City Hall and scheduled to be opened in 2092.
Winthrop University – 701 Oakland Avenue
Winthrop University supports an innovative program that gives art and design
students ongoing opportunities to create and fabricate temporary and
permanent art works for the university’s public spaces. In May 2000,
Winthrop installed one of its first permanent public art projects on the front
lawn of the main campus. The five-piece sculpture, entitled Sweet Dreams,
was crafted by former Winthrop graduate student Doug McAbee and consists
of five steel chairs ranging in height from eight feet tall to 24 feet tall. Other
selected works are strategically placed in buildings, courtyards and
entranceways to enhance the campus’ distinct design.
Sweet Dreams
VI-30
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Tom S. Gettys Center – 121 East Main Street
“Spirit of Place,” located at the entrance of the Tom S. Gettys Center, is a
bronze piece created by local artist Robert Hasselle and donated to the Arts
Council of York County in 2007. The image of the sculpture is a composite
of pop icons and artifacts, including the face form the Buffalo Nickel and its
coke bottle headdress. It was crafted towards the end of the Pop Art
movement and was an attempt to push Pop Art back toward the magi coreligious, anthropological realm of its original inspiration. This sculpture is
also an experiment in cubism artwork, but from a more mechanical, formulaic
(hence more American) approach. It is a type of orthographic sculpture,
broken down into front view, side views, back view and top view. Since it is
three dimensional, multiple sides can be viewed at one time, which adds a
certain visual interest.
Spirit of Place
Glencairn Garden – 725 Crest Street
Begun in 1928 as the backyard garden of David and Hazel Bigger and deeded to the City in 1958,
Glencairn Garden has grown into an 11-acre botanical experience. The English-style garden boasts
a tiered fountain, reflection ponds, a Japanese footbridge, and winding trails that pass beneath
canopies of stately trees and through lushly landscaped shrubbery and flowerbeds. Another
interesting feature is the "Wall of Whimsy" display - a tribute to renowned local artist, Vernon Grant.
Glencairn Garden's exquisite beauty brings hundreds of tourists to Rock Hill throughout the year.
Community events include a variety of concerts and activities such as Veterans Day Salute and A
Story with Santa in the Garden; Come-See-Me and ChristmasVille Festivals; garden walks, art,
games and educational opportunities; gardening seminars and soil analysis provided by the York
County Master Gardeners and Clemson Extension Service; and Volunteer Gardening Days.
Glencairn Garden is currently in the midst of expansion and revitalization efforts aimed at
transforming it into a national tourism destination. The revitalization includes improvements to the
existing amenities as well as expanded gardens and linkages to accommodate locals and visitors.
While some major phases of the project were completed in the fall of 2009, additional improvements
will continue as funding becomes available.
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI-31
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Performing Arts
Theaters and Playhouses:
Winthrop University Theatre and Dance Department – 115 Johnson Hall
Winthrop University hosts a variety of theatrical productions and dance performances throughout the
year within the 331-seat Johnson Theatre and 100-seat Johnson Studio Theatre. The Johnson Hall
facility also features two professional-quality dance studios. Each year Winthrop’s Theatre and
Dance Department produces four faculty-directed mainstage productions (three in theatre, one in
dance), two student choreography showcases, and up to six student studio theatre productions. In
2007, Winthrop University's College of Visual and Performing Arts produced the first Create Carolina,
an arts festival collaboration between the university and Charles Randolph Wright, acclaimed writer,
director and producer of theatre, film and television and past recipient of the Winthrop University
Medal of Honor in the Arts. This three-week multi-disciplinary intensive arts experience brought
together artists from around the country and offered the community an array of performance
experiences and training opportunities. This unique festival recently produced a production of
"Victoria and Frederick for President," written by Jonathan Davidson and directed by Charles
Randolph-Wright. The next festival is planned for Summer 2010, however budget constraints
threaten to shelve the program.
The Rock Hill Community Theatre – 240 East Black Street
The Rock Hill Community Theatre formed from the merging of three local
theatre groups and was housed at 236 West Main Street until February 2007,
when the 100-year old Methodist Church was destroyed by fire. It was then
temporarily relocated in a storefront building at 240 East Black Street with
seating for 45 people. The Arts Council of York County is working with
Comporium Communications to lease the vacant C&S Bank building for plays,
concerts and civic events. In April 2009, Rock Hill City Council voted to commit $300,000 in
hospitality tax revenues to upfit the building and create a 180-seat community theater while York
County Ballet plans to rent out the basement as rehearsal space. It is expected to open in the
summer of 2009. The Community Theatre stages about four major productions a year as well as
several minor productions and participates in local festivals and events.
The Edge Theatre Company – 801 Neely Road
Formed in Fall 2008, the Edge Theatre Company is a non-profit theater
company based in Rock Hill that provides contemporary, cutting-edge
theater experiences not offered by other local theatrical productions
often dealing with controversial social issues. Recent productions
include “A Very Common Procedure” and “Rent”. Performances are
held at South Pointe High School Auditorium or the Rock Hill
Community Theatre.
Orchestras and Musical Programs:
Winthrop University Department of Music – 129 Conservatory of Music
Winthrop University provides a diverse array of vocal and instrumental performances in a variety of
musical styles including orchestral repertory, chamber music, opera, jazz, and period ensembles.
Student, ensemble, graduate student, faculty, and special event performances are held free or at a
nominal fee to the public throughout the year. In addition, the 3,500-seat Byrnes Auditorium has
hosted several of the world’s finest musicians and performing organizations, including the New York
Philharmonic, the Cleveland Symphony Orchestra, the Vienna Boy Choir, the Harlem Boy Choir, Artur
Rubenstein, Joan Sutherland, Count Basie, Woody Herman, and Dave Brubeck.
The York County Choral Society – 1067 Oakland Avenue
Founded in 1981, the York County Choral Society presents a full season of musical concerts at the
Oakland Baptist Church.
VI-32
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Rock Hill Schools – 660 North Anderson Road
Rock Hill schools offers a variety of band, orchestral, and choral
program opportunities through all education levels.
The Rock Hill Schools Foundation hosts an annual “Showcase of
the Arts” fundraising event in the spring showcasing student art
and talent from around the district. Various art displays as well
as performances by elementary, middle and high school choirs,
orchestral and music ensembles, and drama are featured.
Ballet and Dance Programs:
The York County Ballet – 1449 Ebenezer Road
Rock Hill Honors Orchestra
Formed in 1978, the York County Ballet consists of a group of
young local dancers who perform in Rock Hill and Charleston as well as tours in other parts of the
United States and Europe when commissioned. The Company presents two full-length ballets each
year at Winthrop’s Johnson Theater, one of which always includes the Nutcracker. In April 2009, the
York County Ballet entered into an agreement with the Arts Council to be the anchor tenant in a new
community performance center located at 249 East Main Street. The target date to open is late July
or early August 2009.
Visual Arts
York County Ballet
Public Galleries:
The various public art galleries located in Rock Hill offer diverse programs of temporary and
permanent visual art exhibitions such as painting, illustrations, photography, sculpture, and metal and
ceramic fabrications. The galleries provide a place for local, regional, national and international
aspiring and professional artists to showcase their artwork while engaging the community in a
reflection of cultural heritage as well as new and innovative artistic experiences.
Winthrop University Galleries – 1896 Alumni Drive
The Winthrop University Galleries provide three exhibition spaces, the Rutledge Gallery, the Elizabeth
Dunlap Patrick Gallery and the Edmund D. Lewandowski Student Gallery which offer year-round
exhibitions and lectures that introduce students, faculty and the community to a diversity of artists and
ideas. Exhibition opportunities are available for professional artists, faculty, local, national and
international artists who are graduates of Winthrop’s M.F.A and B.F.A programs in fine arts and
design, and current students. Winthrop also offers an outreach program to area schools and
teachers through specially designed curriculum based tours.
Center for the Arts – 121 East Main Street
The Center for the Arts, located in two restored historic buildings
in downtown Rock Hill, features three gallery spaces sponsored
by the Arts Council of York County, including the Dalton Gallery,
the Perimeter Gallery, and the Lewandowski Classroom Gallery.
The Dalton Gallery and Perimeter Gallery feature local, regional,
national and international artist exhibitions that change on an
eight-week basis. The Lewandowski Gallery features works by
students from Rock Hill High Schools and university students.
The Center for the Arts also includes seven private artists’
studios which are open by appointment.
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
Dalton Gallery
VI-33
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Tom S. Gettys Center Galleries – 201 East Main Street
Both the first and second floors of the Gettys Center have been recently renovated and the historic
courtroom has been fully restored. Gallery Up, located on the second floor of the Gettys Center in
downtown Rock Hill, is an artist-run gallery, store and custom frame shop. Gallery Up offers
approximately six shows each year featuring the work of emerging and established artists for exhibit
and sale. In addition to the gallery, the Gettys Center houses seven private artists’ studios as well as
the Prometheus Gallery for pottery and sculpture works and Grace With Fire on the first floor. Most
galleries and studios are open during joint gallery crawls.
Piedmont Medical Center Gallery – 222 South Herlong Avenue
The Piedmont Medical Center Gallery is programmed in partnership with the Arts Council of York
County. This gallery, featuring the work of local artists, showcases the arts in a healthcare facility.
Museum of York County Galleries – 4621 Mt. Gallant Road
The Museum of York County features both temporary and permanent exhibitions in its galleries,
including the Vernon Grant Gallery, Carolina Piedmont Gallery, and Catawba River Gallery.
City Hall Rotunda Gallery – 155 Johnston Street
Each month, the Arts Council of York County fills the City Hall Rotunda with artwork by a local artist
from elementary and high school students to professionals in painting, pottery, and sculpture.
Dalton Gallery at Clinton College – 1029 Crawford Road
The Dalton Gallery at Clinton College features the artwork of local artists particularly those depicting
African American heritage and themes. Recent exhibitions include Artists and Civic Engagement
(ACE) Projects sponsored in partnership with Winthrop University through programs offered under the
umbrella of the Dalton Downtown Arts Initiative (DDAI).
Councils and Organizations
Arts Council of York County – 121 East Main Street
The Arts Council of York County was formed in 2001 through the merging of two mainstay arts
organizations - the Rock Hill Arts Council (founded in 1977) and ARTS etc. (formerly the Fine Arts
Association, which was founded in 1975). The mission of the Arts Council is to provide leadership in
arts education and development, arts marketing and arts advocacy to create a thriving, diverse and
vibrant arts community in York County.
As a United Arts Fund (UAF), the Arts Council supports local
cultural organizations, arts organizations, arts education
programs and individual artists in the areas of visual arts,
dance, theatre, music, literacy and film projects. The Arts
Council serves local artists by funding small grant programs as
well as providing both studio and gallery space. Tax-deductible
contributions collected through the Arts Council support the
daily operations of four major arts organizations: The Arts
Council of York County, The Rock Hill Community Theater, The
York County Choral Society and The York County Ballet. It is
Arts Alive! Summer Art Camp
open to other organizations through a major grant application.
In addition to managing a community center and the Dalton Gallery, the Arts Council sponsors
various arts events such as Gallery Crawls and the Civitas Gala. Several arts programs are
sponsored by the Arts Council such as Art After Hours, which includes arts events aimed at the
“under 40” community; Arts Alive! Summer Art Camp for children; and Arts in Education Series, a
multi-tiered program for students including artist residencies, student art exhibitions, teacher
workshops and educational theatre and music performances.
The Arts Council’s 2008 Strategic Plan indicates that it is the goal of the Arts Council to take the lead
in the development, design, funding and operation of a performing arts center in York County. A
needs assessment and feasibility study was completed in 2009. In a partnership with the City of
Rock Hill and Comporium Communications, the Arts Council received support and funds to open a
VI-34
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI. Cultural Resources Element
Community Performance Center at 249 East Main Street in early August 2009. The York County
Ballet is the anchor tenant. The Rock Hill Community Theatre and other local and regional groups
will also present performances there.
Old Town Association - 157 East Main Street, Suite 500
The MSOTA is a citizen’s group committed to the sustained redevelopment of Rock Hill’s Downtown
area. This non-profit organization coordinates festivals and events in downtown Rock Hill among
other activities.
South Carolina Arts Alliance – 201 East Main Street
Headquartered in Downtown Rock Hill, the South Carolina Arts Alliance (SCAA) is a private, nonprofit statewide assembly of arts organizations, educators, administrators, business and private
individuals that provides advocacy, resources and technical services to its constituency. Formed in
1979 as the South Carolina Alliance of Community Arts Agencies, the Arts Alliance has grown from a
small network of arts council administrators to a broad-based statewide organization committed to the
advancement of the arts and arts education in South Carolina. The Arts Alliance envisions that by
2010 it will be the state’s primary private sector coalition that informs policy development; advocates
successfully for increased funding for the arts and arts education; provides technical assistance and
resources to local and statewide arts.
Catawba Cultural Preservation Project – 1536 Tom Steven Road
The Catawba Cultural Preservation Project (CCPP) was formed in 1990 as a non-profit organization
within the Catawba Cultural Center located on the Catawba Indian Reservation. Its mission is to
preserve, promote and protect the rich cultural heritage of the Catawba Indian Nation through
programs, classes, tours, and special events.
Festivals and Events
Several annual festivals and cultural events are held throughout the year, providing Rock Hill
residents and visitors an opportunity to sample gourmet cuisine, purchase handcrafted gifts and listen
to various musical talents. The Arts Council of York County maintains a 24-hour Arts and
Entertainment Hotline (803-328-2220) which provides information about current and upcoming arts
events around the County. A new website will be available in July 2009 and will feature a
comprehensive calendar for upcoming arts events: www.yorkcountyarts.org.
Spring:
 Come See Me – Begun in 1962, the Come See Me
festival is held every April as an annual salute to spring.
Come See Me is considered the largest all-volunteer
festival in the South Carolina with over 125,000
participants and visitors in attendance each year. Over
60 different events are featured including music, dance,
art, parade, food, sports, storytelling, plays, and other
passive and active entertainment.
 Freedom Center Concert Series – Locally owned Back
Home Entertainment plans and promotes live music and
arts events including a spring concert series at the
Freedom Center in downtown Rock Hill.
 Old Town Amphitheater Concert Series – A series of ticketed concerts are held throughout the
year showcasing regional and national entertainment.
Summer:
 Art Crawl – Art Crawl events are held at various times throughout the year, typically between April
and December. These events feature live music and art displays in downtown galleries giving
patrons an opportunity to meet the artist and enjoy a festive night out. In conjunction, the Arts
Council of York County (and Gallery Up) holds an opening reception for each show. Award
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010
VI-35
VI. Cultural Resources Element



ceremonies are held for annual juried competitions for mixed
media, photography, poetry and short stories in the Dalton Gallery
at the Center for the Arts.
Main Street Live – Held on the first Thursdays in May, June,
August and September, Main Street Live is a huge street party in
downtown Rock Hill including live bands, food vendors and
children’s activity area.
Red, White & BOOM! – Held on July 3rd each year, this free event
is part of the Old Town Amphitheater Concert Series and features
live music, children’s activities, food and beverage vendors, and a
fireworks show.
Wait Until Dark Outdoor Movie Series – Classic movies are shown
on a 20’ screen beneath the stars in the Old Town Amphitheater at
City Hall. The movies are held on the second and fourth Fridays of
the month from June through August at 9 PM. Admission is $3 or
free with a receipt from a downtown merchant. Concessions,
including beer and wine, are available for purchase.
Fall:
 Downtown Blues Festival – Begun in 2005, the Downtown Blues Festival features performances
blues, jazz and R&B musicians from all over the nation performing in the downtown shops,
restaurants and Old Town Amphitheater. The festival extends over three days with different
performers every night.
 BooHaha – Downtown merchants hand out free candy to children on Main Street for a safe
alternative to trick or treating. The event takes place on October 30 or 31 each year and includes
a costume contest for children 10 and under.
Winter:
 ChristmasVille – Begun in 2006, this annual holiday festival was
voted South Carolina’s Event of the Year in 2007 and 2008. The
festival celebrates the arts, including the art of Rock Hill’s adopted
son, Vernon Grant of Rice Krispies® Snap! ® Crackle! ® Pop! ®.
The festival begins the first Thursday after Thanksgiving with the
“Lighting of the Village” and ends with a grand finale featuring the
Winthrop University ChristmasVille RockHettes. The festival boasts
over 70 festivities in four days including historic homes tour, Victorian
teas, a Christmas parade, an art market, theatrical productions,
concerts and children’s activities including 20 tons of real snow.
 Festival of Carols, Winthrop University – This annual festival is put on by Winthrop University’s
Department of Music and features Winthrop instrumental and vocal groups, as well as local
elementary, middle and high school vocal groups. The Winthrop tree, lit each year since 1935, is
illuminated as part of the festivities.
 Civitas Gala – The annual Arts Gala has become a must-be-there affair for art lovers around the
County. Community members gather in March for fine foods and spirits, lively entertainment and
a memorable evening with friends to celebrate the arts in downtown Rock Hill.
 St. Paddy’s On Main Bagpipe Parade and Music Festival – This event is
held on March 17 and features live music
on Main Street and inside restaurants
along with food vendors, green beer, a
balloon drop and costume contest. A
pedestrian parade includes costume-clad
children and adults who follow bagpipers
down Main Street. The Wee Ones Village
features activities for little lads and
lasses.
VI-36
Vision 2020: The Comprehensive Plan for Rock Hill
11/22/2010