Calderside Academy
Science
Problem Solving
Our Material World
Earth and Space Level D
Problem Solving – Earth and Space
1.
The pie chart shows how coal is used in Britain.
5%
making electricity
home heating
making iron
other industries
(a) What is coal mainly used for in Britain?
(1)
(b) In one day 50 000 tonnes of coal are used in Britain.
Calculate the weight of coal used in making iron.
(1)
2.
John wanted to find out how heavy 1 cm3 of sand is.
He weighed an empty beaker.
He put 25 cm3 of sand into the beaker and reweighed the beaker
containing the sand.
Here are his results:
Weight of empty beaker
Weight of beaker and sand
(a)
(b)
What is the weight of the sand he used?
What is the weight of 1 cm3 of sand?
=
=
85 g
135 g
(1)
(2)
3.
The hardness of a mineral can be measured on a scale from
1 to 10. The higher the number, the harder the mineral
Hardness number
Mineral
1
talc
3
calcite
5
apatite
6
quartz
8
topaz
10
diamond
A diamond will scratch topaz as diamond is harder than topaz.
You have found a mineral which can be scratched by quartz.
Which hardness number could this mineral have?
4.
(1)
Shown below is part of an index from a book.
(a) Which two pages from the index would you use to find out
about making concrete to repair a path.
(1)
(b) Jeremy looked up pages 5 and 6. What was he trying to
find out about?
(1)
5.
Use the information below to label the diagram.
Write down the label that should be placed in A, B, C and D.
INFORMATION
Most people think it is only the tiles which stop rain coming in
through a roof, but there are other protections as well.
First there is a layer of boarding over the rafters. This is
covered by additional protection – a layer of waterproof felt.
Wooden battens are nailed on top of the felt. The roof tiles are
fixed into these battens. A ridge tile covers the gap at the top
of the roof where the tiles meet.
A
B
C
D
(2)
6.
Give two advantages and two disadvantages of using asbestos as
a building material.
(2)
Calderside Academy
Science
Problem Solving
Our Material World
Earth and Space Level E
Problem Solving – Earth and Space (E)
1. Read the following passage and then answer the questions.
(a)
2.
Which is the most suitable title for this passage.
A
The advantage of flint tools.
B
Flint, copper and iron.
C
Early humans
D
Materials for primitive tools.
(1)
(b) How could flint be shaped into a variety of tools?
(1)
(c)
Which two metals are present in bronze?
(1)
(a)
Gold, palladium and platinum are metals used in jewellery.
Palladium which is white, melts at 1555oC. Platinum has a
melting point of 1773oC and is also white.
Gold, which is yellow in colour, has a melting point of 1063oC.
Present this information as a table with three suitable
headings.
(3)
3.
(b) A white gold bracelet contains 39 grams of gold, 18 grams
of nickel and 3 g of palladium.
Calculate the percentage of the bracelet is nickel?
(2)
To find out what conditions are necessary for iron to rust,
a pupil set up three test tubes are shown below.
One week later, the nails in each test tube were examined for
rust.
The results are shown in the table.
Test tube
A
B
C
(a)
Rust present
At start
One week later
No
No
No
Yes
No
no
From this experiment, what two substances are needed for
iron to rust?
(1)
(b) Explain fully why you are able to say that both of these
substances are needed.
(1)
4.
As the pH number of an acid increases, the concentration of the
acid decreases.
Lisa did an experiment to find out how the concentration of an
acid affects its ability to dissolve marble.
Here are her results
pH number of the acid
Time to dissolve marble (minutes)
(a)
1
2
2
4
3
4
5
15 124 256
Draw one conclusion from these results.
(2)
(b) Give two factors which Lisa would have to keep the same to
make the experiment fair.
(2)
5.
Use the information in the passage to complete a table with two
suitable headings.
(2)
6.
The weights of different metals used by a factory in one month
are shown in the table.
Metal
Weight (tonnes)
Aluminium
12
Copper
7
Zinc
4
Lead
3
Draw a bar graph using this information.
(2)
Calderside Academy
Science
Problem Solving
Our Material World
Earth and Space Level F
Problem Solving –Earth and Space (F)
1.
Read the information in the passage and study the bar graph.
Copy the table and use the passage of information and the bar
graph to complete it.
Copper
producer
Chile
……………………
……………………
……………………
Copper manufactured (millions on tonnes)
for export
for home
Total
market
……………………
0
……………………
……………………
……………………
1.5
1.9
……………………
0.8
1.5
……………………
0.5
(3)
2.
The map below gives some information about how long coal and oil
reserves of some regions of the world will last.
(a) Which region has the most oil left?
(1)
(b) Calculate how long it will be before South America runs out
of oil is used at the present rate.
(2)
(c)
Name the four regions with the largest coal reserve (2)
(d) Collect graph paper and draw a bar graph to show the
amount of coal reserves for these four regions.
(3)
3.
The table shows information on different types of rock.
Rock type
Grain type
Fossils
Examples
Igneous
Sedimentary
crystals
fragments
absent
present
Metamorphic
crystals
absent
basalt, granite, gabbro
sandstone, limestone,
shale, mudstone
gneiss, schist, slate
This key can be used for identification of rocks.
(a)
How would you distinguish between a piece of granite and a
piece of gabbro?
(1)
(b) What igneous rock is made from tiny fragments to small to
be seen with a hand lens?
(1)
(c) A rock is made from fragments stuck together. The rock
fizzes when acid is added to it.
What type of rock is this?
(1)
(d) Which rock could contain fossils, is soft and does not
contain layers?
(1)