APUSH Goal 1: The Colonial Period
Chapters 1-5
Chapter 1: New World Beginnings
1. At the time of European contact, how did the Native American societies of Central and South America compare to those of
North America? What role did agriculture play in the differences between the two?
2. Three-sister farming
3. Iroquois Confederacy
4. How did Native Americans and Europeans differ in their views of “land” and ownership of it?
5. How did each of the following contribute to the age of discovery?
a. Christian crusaders
b. Muslim middlemen
c. Marco Polo
d. Caravel ship
6. What were the key characteristics of Portuguese slavery?
7. What factors motivated Spain’s involvement in the age of exploration?
8. What was the “Columbian exchange”? What did each participant contribute and/or gain? What were the effects of the
exchange on the various participants? (*Hint – look at the chart on the bottom of page 15)
9. Vasco Balboa
10. Ferdinand Magellan
11. Francisco Pizarro
12. What were the effects of vast quantities of gold and silver that flooded Europe from the New World?
13. What role did the Caribbean islands play in the conquest of the American continents?
14. Encomienda system
15. What factors helped Cortes achieve victory over the people of the Aztec empire?
16. Mestizos
17. What factors pushed the Spanish to extend their reach into North America? How did what they found there differ from what
they had found in Central and South America?
18. Pope’s Rebellion
19. What is the “Black Legend”? To what extent is it true? What facts does it not take into account?
20. How did the Spanish experience with the New World differ from that of their Anglo-Saxon rivals – primarily the English and
French?