RELEVANT DATA FROM COUNTRIES IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN ON HIV/AIDS
EPIDEMICS FOR THE ELIMINATION OF MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION ON HIV (EMTCT)
AND THE ACHIEVEMENT OF MDG –6
UPDATED DATA BY MARCH 2011
This document presents information on EMTCT and Millennium Development Goal 6. It presents data from countries in
the Latin America and Caribbean Region, disaggregated by indicators on eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV in
low- and middle-income countries and combating HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases.
The tables and charts in this document were created using data taken from “Children and AIDS. Fifth Stocktaking Report,
2010”. Additional comments are provided in blue boxes.
For EMTCT we have taken the following indicators:
1. Estimated adult HIV prevalence rate (%) (15-49 years old), end 2009. The estimated adult HIV prevalence rate is the
percentage of adults (15-49 years old) living with HIV as of 2009.
2. Antenatal Care Coverage (%) 2005-2009. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified in the
column heading. The antenatal care coverage is the percentage of women (15–49 years old) attended at least once during
pregnancy by skilled health personnel (doctors, nurses or midwives).
3. Annual number of births, 2009 (thousands). The annual number of births is the estimated number of live births in 2009.
4. Estimated number of HIV+positive pregnant women, 2009. The needs estimates are based on the methods described in
the Annex. The estimates for individual countries may differ according to the estimation methods used. The estimated
number of HIV+positive pregnant women is the estimated number of pregnant women living with HIV as of 2009. In the
case of the Venezuela estimate, the estimates of the number of pregnant women living with HIV who need antiretrovirals for
preventing mother-to-child transmission are currently being reviewed and will be adjusted, as appropriate, based on ongoing
data collection and analysis> As a result, some countries have requested that only a range, or no needs estimates at all, be
published.
5. Reported number of HIV+positive pregnant women who received ARVs for PMTCT, 2009. The reported number of
HIV+positive pregnant women who received ARVs for PMTCT is the number of women testing HIV+positive during visits
to antenatal clinics who were provided with antiretrovirals (ARVs) to prevent mother-to-child transmission. In the case of
Argentina, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Suriname and Uruguay the reporting period is from January–December 2008.
For MDG Goal 6, we have taken the following indicators:
1. HIV prevalence among young people (15-24 years old), 2009. United Nations General Assembly Special Session on
HIV/AIDS (2001) indicator.
2. Percentage of young people (15-24 years old) with multiple partners who used a condom at last sex (2005-2009).
United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS (2001) indicator. Data refer to the most recent year
available during the period specified in the column heading. Data on Peru and Guatemala is based on small denominators
(typically 25-49 unweighted cases).
3. Percentage of young people (15-24 years old) who have comprehensive knowledge of HIV (2005-2009). United
Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS (2001) indicator. Data refer to the most recent year available
during the period specified in the column heading.
4. Orphan school attendance ratio (2005-2009). United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS (2001)
indicator. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified in the column heading. Orphan school
attendance ratio: Percentage of children (10-14 years old) who have lost both biological parents and who are currently
attending school as a percentage of non-orphaned children of the same age who live with at least one parent and who are
attending school.
5. Estimated antiretroviral therapy coverage among children (percentage), December 2009. The
coverage estimates are based on the estimated unrounded numbers of children receiving antiretroviral
therapy and the estimated unrounded need for antiretroviral therapy (based on UNAIDS/WHO
methodology). The ranges in coverage estimates are based on plausibility bounds in the denominator, that
is, low and high estimates of need.
1. DATA FOR EMTCT: Eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV in low- and middleincome countries
Table 1
Estimated adult HIV prevalence rate (%) (15-49 years old), end 2009
Country
Belize
Haiti
Jamaica
Trinidad and Tobago
Barbados
Guyana
Suriname
Dominican Republic
Panama
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Argentina
Colombia
Uruguay
Chile
Ecuador
Peru
Costa Rica
Mexico
Paraguay
Bolivia
Nicaragua
Cuba
Antigua and Barbuda
Brazil
Dominica
Grenada
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Venezuela
Rate
2.3
1.9
1.7
1.5
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.9
0.9
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
-
2
Chart 1: Estimated adult HIV prevalence rate (%)
(15-49 years old), end 2009
Cuba
Nicaragua
Bolivia
Paraguay
Mexico
Costa Rica
Peru
Ecuador
Chile
Uruguay
Colombia
Argentina
Rate
Honduras
Guatemala
El Salvador
Panama
Dominican Republic
Suriname
Guyana
Barbados
Trinidad and Tobago
Jamaica
Haiti
Belize
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
There is no data available for Antigua and Barbuda, Brazil, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Venezuela.
Only the Honduran HIV epidemic has reversed it course – meaning that the
annual number of new infections is lower than the annual AIDS death rate.
3
Table 2
Antenatal Care Coverage (%) 2005-2009
Country
Antigua and Barbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Dominica
Grenada
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Argentina
Dominican Republic
Saint Lucia
Brazil
Paraguay
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Belize
Colombia
El Salvador
Mexico
Peru
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Jamaica
Costa Rica
Nicaragua
Suriname
Bolivia
Haiti
Chile
Ecuador
Panama
Venezuela
Rate
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
99
99
99
97
96
96
96
94
94
94
94
94
93
92
92
91
90
90
90
86
85
-
4
Chart 2: Antenatal Care Coverage (%) 2005-2009
Haiti
Bolivia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Costa Rica
Jamaica
Honduras
Guyana
Guatemala
Peru
Mexico
El Salvador
Colombia
Belize
Rate
Uruguay
Trinidad and T obago
Paraguay
Brazil
Saint Lucia
Dominican Republic
Argentina
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Grenada
Dominica
Cuba
Barbados
Antigua and Barbuda
75
80
85
90
95
100
There is no data available for Chile, Ecuador, Panama and Venezuela.
There is an effort to improve ANC coverage with integration of EMTCT.
5
Table 3
Annual number of births, 2009 (thousands)
Country
Brazil
Mexico
Colombia
Argentina
Peru
Venezuela
Guatemala
Ecuador
Haiti
Bolivia
Chile
Dominican Republic
Honduras
Paraguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa Rica
Panama
Jamaica
Uruguay
Trinidad and Tobago
Guyana
Suriname
Belize
Barbados
Saint Lucia
Grenada
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Antigua and Barbuda
Dominica
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Number
3026
2021
917
691
605
600
456
279
274
262
252
224
202
154
140
125
116
76
70
52
50
20
13
10
7
3
3
2
2
1
1
0
6
Chart 3: Annual number of births, 2009 (thousands)
St. Kitts and Nevis
Dominica
Antigua and Barbuda
St. Vincent and the Grenadines
Grenada
Saint Lucia
Barbados
Belize
Suriname
Guyana
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Jamaica
Panama
Costa Rica
Cuba
Number
El Salvador
Nicaragua
Paraguay
Honduras
Dominican Republic
Chile
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Guatemala
Venezuela
Peru
Argentina
Colombia
Mexico
Brazil
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
7
Table 4
Estimated number of HIV-positive pregnant women, 2009
Country
Brazil
Haiti
Mexico
Colombia
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Peru
Honduras
Chile
Ecuador
El Salvador
Jamaica
Panama
Belize
Bolivia
Paraguay
Guyana
Nicaragua
Uruguay
Costa Rica
Cuba
Suriname
Antigua and Barbuda
Barbados
Dominica
Grenada
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines
Trinidad and Tobago
Venezuela
Estimate
5000
-
Low estimate
3700
2600
1500
<1000
<1000
<1000
<1000
<500
<500
<500
<500
<500
<200
<200
<200
<200
<200
<100
<100
<100
<100
<100
<100
-
High estimate
12000
7500
4500
3900
3000
2900
2400
1700
1300
<1000
<1000
<1000
<1000
<1000
<500
<500
<500
<500
<500
<500
<200
<200
<200
-
-
-
-
8
Table 5
Reported number of HIV-positive pregnant women who received ARVs for PMTCT, 2009
Country
Brazil
Haiti
Argentina
Dominican Republic
Peru
Colombia
Ecuador
Guatemala
Jamaica
Honduras
Venezuela
Guyana
El Salvador
Paraguay
Mexico
Chile
Panama
Bolivia
Nicaragua
Suriname
Uruguay
Belize
Cuba
Costa Rica
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Saint Lucia
Grenada
Dominica
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Trinidad and Tobago
Barbados
Antigua and Barbuda
Number
5988
2960
2039
949
550
519
477
440
379
255
233
183
170
148
124
121
118
105
91
83
70
63
50
31
14
6
2
2
1
-
9
Chart 4: Reported number of HIV-positive pregnant women who
received ARVs for PMTCT, 2009
St. Kitts and Nevis
Dominica
Grenada
Saint Lucia
St. Vincent and the Grenad.
Costa Rica
Cuba
Belize
Uruguay
Suriname
Nicaragua
Bolivia
Number
Panama
Chile
Mexico
Paraguay
El Salvador
Guyana
Venezuela
Honduras
Jamaica
Guatemala
Ecuador
Colombia
Peru
Dominican Republic
Argentina
Haiti
Brazil
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
There is no data available for Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago.
Only slightly more than 50% of the women who need ARVs received such
treatment
10
2. DATA FOR MDG GOAL 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
MDG GOAL 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
Target 6a: Halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS
6.1 HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24 years
6.2 Condom use at last high-risk sex
6.3 Proportion of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive
correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS
6.4 Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance of nonorphans aged 10-14 years
Target 6b: Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for
all those who need it
6.5 Proportion of population with advanced HIV infection with access to
antiretroviral drugs
Target 6c: Halt and begin to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major
diseases
6.6 Incidence and death rates associated with malaria
6.7 Proportion of children under 5 sleeping under insecticide-treated bed
nets
6.8 Proportion of children under 5 with fever who are treated with
appropriate anti-malarial drugs
6.9 Incidence, prevalence and death rates associated with tuberculosis
6.10 Proportion of tuberculosis cases detected and cured under directly
observed treatment short course
11
6.1 HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24 years
Table 6
HIV prevalence among young people (15-24 years old), 2009
Country
Belize
Haiti
Barbados
Guyana
Jamaica
Trinidad and Tobago
Dominican Republic
Suriname
Guatemala
El Salvador
Panama
Argentina
Honduras
Uruguay
Ecuador
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Mexico
Paraguay
Peru
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Cuba
Nicaragua
Antigua and Barbuda
Brazil
Dominica
Grenada
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic
of)
Male (%)
0.7
0.6
0.9
0.6
1.0
1.0
0.3
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
-
Female (%)
1.8
1.3
1.1
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
-
12
Chart 5: HIV prevalence among young people (1524 years old), 2009
Nicaragua
Cuba
Bolivia
Peru
Paraguay
Mexico
Costa Rica
Colombia
Chile
Ecuador
Uruguay
Honduras
Female (%)
Argentina
Male (%)
Panama
El Salvador
Guatemala
Suriname
Dominican Republic
Trinidad and Tobago
Jamaica
Guyana
Barbados
Haiti
Belize
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
There is no data available for Antigua and Barbuda, Brazil, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Venezuela.
Several epidemics are shifting into a more heterosexual epidemic with more
women becoming infected.
13
6.2 Condom use at last high-risk sex
Table 7
Percentage of young people (15-24 years old) with multiple partners who used a condom at last sex
(2005-2009)
Country
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Paraguay
Peru
Colombia
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Honduras
Haiti
Guyana
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Chile
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominica
Ecuador
El Salvador
Grenada
Jamaica
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Uruguay
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic
of)
Male
62
51
62
41
-
Female
80
67
51
38
36
34
27
27
23
-
14
Chart 6: Percentage of young people (15-24 years old)
with multiple partners who used a condom at last sex
(2005-2009)
Bolivia
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Guatemala
Female
Male
Dominican
Republic
Colombia
Peru
Paraguay
Trinidad and
Tobago
Suriname
0
20
40
60
80
100
There is no data available for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Barbados, Belize, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica,
Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Saint Kitts and
Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Uruguay, Venezuela. Not all the countries
represented in the chart have data for both males and females.
Data-gathering should be improved to compare male-female ratios. Data
suggest that condom use is low.
15
6.3 Proportion of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS
Table 8
Percentage of young people (15-24 years old) who have comprehensive knowledge of HIV (20052009)
Country
Jamaica
Trinidad and Tobago
Cuba
Guyana
Dominican Republic
Suriname
Belize
Haiti
Honduras
El Salvador
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Peru
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Barbados
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Dominica
Ecuador
Grenada
Guatemala
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Uruguay
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic
of)
Male
34
40
28
-
Female
60
54
52
50
41
41
40
34
30
27
24
19
-
16
Chart 7: Percentage of young people (15-24 years
old) who have comprehensive knowledge of HIV
(2005-2009)
Peru
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
El Salvador
Honduras
Haiti
Belize
Female
Male
Suriname
Dominican Republic
Guyana
Cuba
Trinidad and Tobago
Jamaica
0
20
40
60
80
There is no data available for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Barbados, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa
Rica, Dominica, Ecuador, Grenada, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Saint Kitts and
Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Uruguay and Venezuela. Not all the countries
represented in the chart have data for both males and females.
More reliable data disaggregated by gender is needed. Data suggest that
knowledge levels are low.
17
6.4 Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance of non-orphans aged 10-14 years
Table 9
Orphan school attendance ratio (2005-2009)
Country
Honduras
Haiti
Colombia
Dominican Republic
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Barbados
Belize
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Brazil
Chile
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominica
Ecuador
El Salvador
Grenada
Guatemala
Guyana
Jamaica
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic
of)
Ratio
108
86
85
77
-
18
Chart 8: Orphan school
attendance ratio (2005-2009)
120
100
80
60
Ratio
40
20
0
Honduras
Haiti
Colombia
Dominican
Republic
There is no data available for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,
Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Jamaica, Mexico,
Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,
Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay and Venezuela.
19
6.5 Proportion of population with advanced HIV infection with access to antiretroviral drugs
Table 10
Estimated antiretroviral therapy coverage among children (percentage), December 2009
Country
Argentina
Uruguay
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Mexico
Paraguay
Ecuador
Peru
Costa Rica
Guyana
Dominican Republic
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guatemala
Belize
Cuba
Chile
Haiti
El Salvador
Bolivia (Plurinational State
of)
Antigua and Barbuda
Barbados
Colombia
Dominica
Grenada
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines
Trinidad and Tobago
Venezuela (Bolivarian
Republic of)
Estimate
19
-
Low estimate
>95
81
79
74
65
52
50
49
39
36
33
73
27
40
34
31
28
22
21
13
20
8
High estimate
>95
>95
>95
>95
>95
>95
>95
>95
>95
>95
>95
92
84
81
79
77
66
59
59
41
28
28
-
-
-
-
-
-
20
Chart 9: Estimated antiretroviral therapy
coverage among children (percentage),
December 2009
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
El Salvador
Haiti
Chile
Cuba
Belize
Guatemala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Dominican Republic
High estimate
Guyana
Low estimate
Costa Rica
Estimate
Peru
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Jamaica
Brazil
Suriname
Panama
Uruguay
Argentina
0
20
40
60
80
100
There is no data available for Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Colombia, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts
and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela.
Percentages around 95% refer to >95%.
Countries with successful EMTCT programmes have led to higher
antiretroviral therapy coverage rates among children.
21