AMERICA
From Apple Pie
to
Ziegfeld Follies
Book Three: Things
AMERICA
From Apple Pie
to
Ziegfeld Follies
Book Three: Things
Kirk Schriefer
&
John Sivell
Illustrations: Jeannette McNaughton
Series Editor: John F. Chabot
© Copyright 1996 FULL BLAST Productions
IN CANADA
IN THE UNITED STATES
FB Productions
Box 408
Virgil, Ontario
L0S 1T0
FB Productions
Box 1297
Lewiston, New York 14092-8297
Photocopying rights are granted to the individual teacher or
the single school purchasing the materials. A copy of this
book purchased by an individual teacher is that teacher's
property and can travel with her from school to school. A
single copy of this book may not be kept at a resource
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must own an original copy. Please respect copyright.
Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data
Main entry under title:
America from apple pie to Ziegfeld follies
Contents: bk. 1. People / Kirk Schriefer &
John Sivell -- bk. 2. Places / Arlene Arch &
John Sivell -- bk. 3. Things / Kirk Schriefer
& John Sivell -- bk. 4. Events / Kirk Schriefer
& John Sivell.
ISBN 1-895451-17-5 (v.1)
ISBN 1-895451-18-3 (v.2)
ISBN 1-895451-19-1 (v.3)
ISBN 1-895451-20-5 (v.4)
1. English language - Textbooks for second language
learners.* 2. Readers for new literates.
3. Readers (Adult). 4. High interest-low vocabulary
books. 5. Readers - United States. 6. United States.
I. Schriefer, Kirk, 1956. II. Sivell, John,
1946- . III. Chabot, John F., 1959IV. Arch, Arlene, 1970- .
PE1128.A46 1996
428.6'4
C96-931867-7
Illustrations: Jeannette McNaughton
Series Editor: John F. Chabot
ISBN 1-895451-19-1
Printed in Canada
INTRODUCTION
AMERICA From Aplle Pie to Ziegfeld Follies is a reproducible ESL/EFL readingand-discussion text for false beginners, or for true beginners who have already had
about eight months of instruction in the language. It offers a number of important
design features to make both teaching and learning easier and more enjoyable.
1) Contextualized learning: The short self-contained articles in each unit benefit from
a very clear focus that facilitates realistic concentration on inter-related items of
vocabulary and grammar that are relevant to the topic and the argumentative
purpose.
2) Content that really matters: Each unit examines an element of the American
experience that will genuinely interest and inform not only immigrants to this
nation but also learners abroad who want to know more about the history,
geography and culture of the United States.
3) Lively journalistic style: Although the passages are carefully limited to an
elementary level of language difficulty, their style remains vivid and authentic.
4) Well-balanced exercises: The plentiful exercises offer a good range of integrated
activities for each unit -- getting the main idea, basic comprehension, finding
details, inferences, interpretation and extension of important concepts, vocabulary
study, a word puzzle, and a cloze exercise.
5) Illustrations: There is a clear and evocative illustration in each unit; this can be
used as a pre-reading exercise, for vocabulary brainstorming, or as the basis for
discussion.
6) Answer Key: The text includes a full answer key for every closed-ended question
in every unit.
7) Reproducible: Purchase of an original copy of the text brings explicit permission
to the purchaser to reproduce pages at will.
This package can be used quite simply as it is presented in these pages. In fact, it was
carefully planned to be effective in that way. However, resourceful teachers will most
likely want to consider one or more of the following suggestions:
• Pre-Activity: Instead of immediately beginning to read the passage, have students
start with a discussion or game to encourage thought about the theme or content of the
unit. The picture or title at the head of the unit can be useful in this connection; so
can newspaper or magazine illustrations or headlines, or current television or radio
news items.
• Order of Exercises: By all means, use all the activities provided for each unit, and
allow sufficient time for these to be completed thoroughly (including time for small
groups to discuss alternate answers and so on). But build in variety by changing
the order in which the exercises are done, and by varying the designation of activities
for in-class or at-home assignment.
• Intensity of Work: Be sure to take full advantage of the wide range of different kinds
of involvement that these materials offer. At one end of the continuum, for instance,
the Interpretation questions can be used to inspire free, creative discussion of themes,
values and general ideas. By contrast, at the other end of the continuum, the Word
Power exercises provide an excellent foundation for practice in all the detailed and
demanding but very important strategies for independent vocabulary development: not
just careful contextual reading and word-part analysis, but also dictionary and
thesaurus use. Resourceful attention to this kind of varied involvement with the
materials will make teaching and learning more enjoyable and more effective, too.
• Post-Activity: Once the class has finished the set of exercises in the text itself, think
about rounding off the cycle with a post-activity that clearly links the book and the
schoolroom to the wider world. Learners might pursue the theme or content of a
given unit by making a bulletin-board collage of their own art work and/or comments,
writing letters to a relevant person or institution, going on a visit, watching a
video...you will find many ways to reinforce the vocabulary, grammar and content
one more time while you also build the self-image of learners as competent languageusers for real-life purposes.
• Flexibility: There is no problem with using these units in alphabetical order, just as
provided, but in many circumstances their best application will be as a flexible database of content-centred readings that you can access as you see fit, to tap into the
energy of learners’ natural curiosity about such passing interests as news items,
current movies, new music, or extra-curricular activities. Dip into this treasure-trove
of self-contained units to find the exact passage to exploit a “hot topic.” Each term,
you’ll have different students with different experiences, and so your use of the text
will differ as well. With this flexible resource, you can change to meet your students’
needs!
A: Automobile
1
What keeps America moving?
“Ladies and gentlemen, start your
engines.” The automobile. That fourwheeled, self-propelled, steerable
vehicle for transporting people on land.
Cars roll off assembly lines twentyfour hours a day in the United States.
There is always a demand for new
ones.
years earlier, brought out the first car
to meet the needs of a mass market. It
was the famous Model T. Production
could not keep up with the orders.
They say that necessity is the mother
of invention. In 1913, Henry Ford
introduced the moving assembly line
to speed up production. It
revolutionized production methods.
2
Commercial automotive production
began in the U.S. around 1900, but the
quality of the U.S. car, at the time, was
inferior to cars being produced in
Europe. By then the French had been
producing cars on a commercial scale
for ten years.
3
In 1908, Henry Ford, who had
founded the Ford Motor Company five
The Detroit area is known for being 4
the car capital of America. Ford,
General Motors and other early
manufacturers of automobiles had
plants there. And the modern-day Big
Three, Ford, GM and Chrysler, are still
headquartered there. But Detroit is not
the center it once was. A car made by
the Big Three today could have
components built in almost twenty
A1
different countries.
5
By the mid-seventies, with imports
accounting for an ever larger chunk of
car sales in the U.S., American car
companies demanded that foreignowned companies begin building cars in
America. Led by the Japanese, car
companies from a number of countries
now manufacture and assemble cars in
the United States.
6
As late as 1978 approximately onesixth of the people working in the
United States were doing jobs related to
the auto industry. This figure included
workers in road maintenance and the oil
industry. Robots were introduced into
U.S. car plants in the early 1980s. In
1987, about 26,000 robots were being
used there. Some estimates give figures
as high as seventy percent for the
number of jobs in auto production that
will be lost due to robots by the
year 2000.
7
The National Traffic and Motor
Vehicle Safety Act of 1966 established
an agency whose function was to set
safety standards for new cars beginning
with the 1968 model year. By the time
the 1969 model year rolled off the
assembly line, twenty-eight standards
had been adopted, including seat belts,
safety door latches and standard bumper
heights. Today almost every state has
laws requiring the use of child-restraint
devices. The latest safety device to
appear on cars is the air bag, which
helps in a crash but does not eliminate
the need for wearing seat belts.
At present the automotive industry is 8
riding high on record profits. And it
seems that cars will be around into the
twenty-first century. It is projected that
there will be about 530 million
passenger cars in the world by the year
2000. Over 150 million of these will be
in the United States. That is one big
traffic jam!
THE MAIN IDEA
Circle the letter of the sentence or phrase which best describes the main idea of
the article about the Automobile. Be prepared to support your answer.
a) The historic importance of Detroit, the car capital of America.
b) Growth and development of the car industry in America.
c) The many uses of the automobile in America.
d) Laws and safety standards for American cars.
A2
UNDERSTANDING WHAT YOU READ
If you can, answer these questions from memory. If you cannot, look back at the
article.
1) When did commercial automobile production start in the United States?
2) What important innovation did Henry Ford introduce in 1913?
3) What are the prospects for jobs in the car industry for the year 2000?
4) What progress has been made in safety standards for automobiles?
REMEMBERING DETAILS
Write TRUE or FALSE under each statement. If the statement is false, write the
statement correctly.
1) Commercial production of cars began first in America.
2) Known as the automobile capital of America, Detroit remains as important a
center of car production as it always was.
3) Many non-American car companies build cars in the United States.
4) In the year 2000, well over one third of all the cars in the world will be found
in the United States.
A3
INFERENCES
Based on the article, circle the letter of the best sentence completion.
1) Henry Ford’s Model T...
a) was designed for production on an assembly line.
b) was aimed at the needs of ordinary people.
c) was first built in France.
d) was the first vehicle produced by the Ford Motor Company.
2) Although it is true that in 1978 about one American worker in six was doing a
job related to the auto industry, we must note that...
a) some of them were only working part-time.
b) many of them were helped by robots.
c) not all of them were actually building cars.
d) even more of them will be doing such work in a few years.
INTERPRETATION
1) Was the invention of the automobile a good thing for society, or a bad thing?
2) How would your life be different if there were no cars, buses, or trucks?
Describe your day in a world without them.
3) Apart from the automobile, what other great inventions have changed people’s
lives? Give one or two examples, and explain.
WORD POWER
Circle the letter of the word that means the same as the word on the left.
1) mass
a) popular
b) gross
c) religious
2) components
a) problems
b) parts
c) models
3) imports
a) U.S. cars
b) sports cars
c) cars from abroad
4) maintenance
a) surface
b) quality
c) repairs
5) due to
a) as a result of
b) before
c) in relation to
6) function
a) management
b) purpose
c) order
A4
CROSSWORD PUZZLE
ACROSS:
2) The Detroit area is known for being the car _____________________ of America.
6) An agency was established in 1966 to set _____________________ standards for new cars.
8) In 1978 one sixth of working Americans were doing jobs _____________________ to the auto industry.
10) Henry Ford introduced the moving assembly line to _____________________ up production.
11) The latest safety _____________________ to appear on cars is the air bag.
12) Many jobs in auto production will be lost due to _____________________.
13) They say that _____________________ is the mother of invention.
15) Robots were introduced into U.S. car plants in the _____________________ 1980s.
16) Ford, GM and Chrysler are _____________________ in Detroit.
DOWN:
1) The automobile is a four-wheeled, self-propelled, _____________________ vehicle.
3) It is projected that there will be about 530 million _____________________ cars by the year 2000.
4) In the ‘70s, U.S. car companies _____________________ foreign-owned firms begin building cars in America.
5) In 1900 the _____________________ of the U.S. car was inferior to European cars.
7) Presently the automotive industry is riding high on _____________________ profits.
9) Car companies from other countries now manufacture and _____________________ cars in the U.S.
14) By 1900 the French had been producing cars on a commercial _____________________ for ten years. A5
ANSWER KEY
THE MAIN IDEA
b) Growth and development of the car industry in America.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT YOU READ
1) Commercial automotive production began in the U.S. around 1900.
2) The important innovation Henry Ford introduced in 1913 was the moving assembly line.
3) Some estimates give figures as high as seventy percent for the number of jobs in auto
production that will be lost due to robots by the year 2000.
4) The National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1966 established an agency whose function
was to set safety standards for new cars beginning with the 1968 model year. By the time the
1969 model year rolled off the assembly line, twenty-eight standards had been adopted, including
seat belts, safety door latches and standard bumper heights. Today almost every state has laws
requiring the use of child-restraint devices. The latest safety device to appear on cars is the air
bag, which helps in a crash but does not eliminate the need for wearing seat belts.
REMEMBERING DETAILS
1) F
2) F
3) T
4) F
By the time the commercial production of cars began in America, the French had been
producing cars on a commercial scale for ten years.
Detroit is not the center it once was. A car made by the Big Three today could have
components built in almost twenty different countries.
Less than one third of all the cars in the world will be found in America.
INFERENCES
1) b
2) c
WORD POWER
1) a
2) b
3) c
4) c
5) a
6) b
CROSSWORD PUZZLE
ACROSS: 2) capital 6) safety 8) related 10) speed 11) device 12) robots 13) necessity 15) early
16) headquartered
DOWN: 1) steerable 3) passenger 4) demanded 5) quality 7) record 9) assemble 14) scale
A6
B: Baseball
1
This is the play, and these are the
players. Not theater, baseball. But
some would argue that baseball is
theater. The drama. The tension. The
turning points. The skill of the
players. And think of the millions of
fans who attend each year, and the
millions of dollars the actors are paid!
Whether theater or just a game,
baseball is part of the American
identity.
Professional baseball did not get
3
started until 1869, when the Cincinnati
Red Stockings travelled from city to
city winning ninety-two baseball
games and tying one. Other cities
were jealous of the notoriety the Red
Stockings brought to Cincinnati.
These other cities formed their own
professional teams. Six years later the
National League of Professional Base
Ball Clubs (NL) was formed.
2
The popular myth is that Abner
Doubleday invented baseball in
Cooperstown, New York in 1839. But
the truth is American boys had been
playing a variety of stick and ball
games before 1839. These evolved
from the English games of cricket and
rounders.
In 1901 American League (AL)
4
president Ban Johnson declared the AL
a major league, and ready to compete
head-to-head with the NL. He put
teams in Cleveland, Baltimore and
Washington, cities which had been
abandoned by the NL, and he urged
AL owners to offer high salaries to
B1
coax NL players to switch leagues. It
worked. In 1903, the two leagues made
peace.
5
6
The annual championship between the
winners from each league is known as
the World Series. Every October the
ritual is repeated, and the nation
watches. The New York Yankees have
captured the most titles. In what could
be the single worst moment in the
history of American sports, players from
the 1919 Chicago White Sox were
proven to have fixed the World Series.
This became known as the “Black Sox
Scandal.”
Major changes over the years have
seen the introduction of night baseball
(1935), the entry to the majors of black
players (1947), indoor stadiums (1965),
synthetic grass or “astroturf” (1966),
entry to the majors of teams from
Canada (1969 & 1977). And over the
years major league baseball has
expanded to its present level of 28
teams.
Prior to 1947, when general manager 7
Branch Rickey invited Jackie Robinson
to play for his Brooklyn Dodgers, black
players had been barred from playing in
the major leagues. Then, black players
played in the various Negro Leagues
which existed. Robinson endured
abuse, but he rose to the challenge. It
was not his nature to run from a fight,
but he also had guts enough not to be
provoked. Jackie Robinson broke the
color barrier.
Baseball has achieved a special place 8
in the hearts of the American people.
Baseball, hotdogs and apple pie. The
game is intertwined with American life.
From the youngster sliding into second
base on the local diamond, to the major
leaguer belting a homerun in a crowdfilled stadium, something about baseball
captures the hearts and imaginations of
the entire nation. That is why baseball
is known as the “national pastime.”
THE MAIN IDEA
Circle the letter of the sentence or phrase which best describes the main idea of
the article about Baseball. Be prepared to support your answer.
a) The history of the famous National League.
b) The American love of baseball.
c) The importance and evolution of professional baseball in America.
d) How the American League developed to compete with the National League.
B2
UNDERSTANDING WHAT YOU READ
If you can, answer these questions from memory. If you cannot, look back at the
article.
1) Who is supposed to have invented baseball? What really happened?
2) How did professional baseball begin?
3) What is the World Series?
4) Who was the first black baseball player in the major leagues? What was he
like and how did he get his start there?
REMEMBERING DETAILS
Write TRUE or FALSE under each statement. If the statement is false, write the
statement correctly.
1) Nobody feels that baseball has all the drama and tension of theater.
2) The National League started before the American League.
3) Because the game is so well loved, there have been almost no changes in
professional baseball over the years.
4) Many, many Americans love the professional game but not many love amateur
baseball for children.
B3
INFERENCES
Based on the article, circle the letter of the best sentence completion.
1) When the American League began, the National League...
a) really did not pay much attention at all.
b) was extremely pleased because this would increase interest in the game.
c) felt threatened and did not want to cooperate.
d) decided to join them and form one very large, unified league.
2) The Black Sox Scandal...
a) occurred when a team took money to falsify the result of the World Series.
b) related to rejection of black players from the major leagues.
c) was the result of early tensions between the American and National Leagues.
d) contributed to the great popularity of professional baseball today.
INTERPRETATION
1) What features of the game of baseball attract you? Which ones do you dislike?
2) What other great games are played professionally? Which one do you like
best? Why?
3) Can sport do more than provide exercise? Is sport useful in developing
character, or in bringing people together? Give examples.
WORD POWER
Circle the letter of the word that means the same as the word on the left.
1) drama
a) theater
b) suspense
c) acting
2) myth
a) ancient history
b) classic literature
c) untrue story
3) tying
a) winning
b) losing
c) drawing
4) coax
a) encourage
b) force
c) pay
5) synthetic
a) plastic
b) artificial
c) perfect
6) abuse
a) insults
b) neglect
c) addiction
B4
CROSSWORD PUZZLE
ACROSS:
3) American boys have been playing a _____________________ of stick and ball games before 1839.
6) Baseball captures the _____________________ and imaginations of the entire nation.
8) Some would _____________________ that baseball is theater.
9) Baseball is _____________________ with American life.
11) Other cities were _____________________ of the notoriety the Red Stockings brought to Cincinnati.
14) Millions of fans _____________________ baseball games each year.
15) The World Series is a _____________________ held every year in October.
16) Ban Johnson set up _____________________ in Cleveland, Baltimore and Washington.
DOWN:
1) One major change in baseball was the introduction of _____________________ baseball in 1935.
2) Ban Johnson was the American League _____________________ in 1901.
4) Over the years major league baseball has _____________________ to its present level of 28 teams.
5) It was not Jackie Robinson’s _____________________ to run from a fight.
7) The New York Yankees have _____________________ the most World Series titles.
10) Prior to 1947, black players had been _____________________ from playing in the major leagues.
12) In 1903, the two _____________________, the American and the National, made peace.
13) Baseball has achieved a _____________________place in the hearts of the American people.
B5
ANSWER KEY
THE MAIN IDEA
c) The importance and evolution of professional baseball in America.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT YOU READ
1) The popular myth is that Abner Doubleday invented baseball in Cooperstown, New York in 1839.
But the truth is American boys had been playing a variety of stick and ball games before 1839.
These evolved from the English games of cricket and rounders.
2) Professional baseball did not get started until 1869, when the Cincinnati Red Stockings travelled
from city to city winning ninety-two baseball games and tying one. Other cities were jealous of the
notoriety the Red Stockings brought to Cincinnati. These other cities formed their own professional
teams. Six years later the National League of Professional Base Ball Clubs was formed.
3) The World Series is the annual championship between the winners from the AL and NL.
4) The first black baseball player in the major leagues was Jackie Robinson. It was not Jackie
Robinson’s nature to run from a fight, but he had guts enough not to be provoked when he suffered
abuse. He got his start in the major leagues when Branch Rickey, general manager of the Brooklyn
Dodgers, invited Robinson to play for his team.
REMEMBERING DETAILS
1) F
2) T
3) F
4) F
Some people would argue that baseball has the drama and tension of theater.
There have been major changes in baseball over the years.
Baseball has achieved a special place in the hearts of the American people. From the youngster
sliding into second base on the local diamond, to the major leaguer belting a homerun in a
crowd-filled stadium, something about baseball captures the hearts and imaginations of the
entire nation. That is why baseball is known as the “national pastime.”
INFERENCES
1) c
2) a
WORD POWER
1) b
2) c
3) c
4) a
5) b
6) a
CROSSWORD PUZZLE
ACROSS: 3) variety 6) hearts 8) argue 9) intertwined 11) jealous 14) attend 15) ritual 16) teams
DOWN: 1) night 2) president 4) expanded 5) nature 7) captured 10) barred 12) leagues 13) special
B6
C: Constitution
1
The source of all laws in America is
also the world’s oldest governing
document, the Constitution of the
United States. The Constitution
defines the different agencies of
government and their limits, and the
basic rights of citizens.
2
The Constitution was written after the
American Revolution gave the
rebelling Colonists their freedom and
independence from England. In 1787 a
convention of 55 delegates met in
Philadelphia and drafted the young
country’s first written constitution. It
was then submitted to the original 13
states for approval on Sept. 28, 1787.
3
The political leaders of that time
sought to accomplish in America what
had not yet been done in the land of
their forefathers, Europe. Their ideas
hinged on a government that comes
from below, not from above, and that
obtains its powers from the consent of
the people. They also insisted that
individuals have certain natural,
undeniable rights, and are born equal,
and should be treated as equal before
the law.
4
The writers of the Constitution
limited the power of the government
and guaranteed the liberty of the
citizens. The Constitution separates
the legislative, executive and judicial
branches of government, and provides
checks and balances so that each
restrains the others. These governing
limitations and the outspoken
guarantees of individual liberty were
designed to provide a balance between
C1
authority and liberty, which is the main
purpose of U.S. constitutional law.
5
The legislative branch of government
is the Congress: the House of
Representatives and the Senate.
Amongst its powers Congress can levy
taxes, borrow money, regulate
interstate commerce, provide for
military forces, and declare war.
6
The executive branch is the
President. The Constitution gives
many specific powers to the President.
The President’s formal responsibilities
include overseeing all federal
administrative agencies and enforcing
all federal laws. Of course, he gets
help to do all this.
7
The judicial branch is the state and
lower federal court system where the
Constitution is interpreted. The
Supreme Court of the U.S. is the final
court of appeal. The power of U.S.
courts to rule on the constitutionality of
laws is known as judicial review.
8
The Constitution provides for a
citizen’s basic individual rights but in
1791 the Bill of Rights became an
amendment, an extension to the
Constitution. It guarantees freedom of
speech and religion, a free press and
the right to peaceful assembly. In all
the Bill of Rights added ten very
important amendments to the
Constitution in 1791.
Over the years other important
amendments have been added by vote
of Congress. They include the 13th
amendment, added in 1865, which
abolished slavery. The 14th, added in
1868, forbids any state to deny any
person “life, liberty or property,
without due process of law.” And the
15th, added in 1870, guaranteed the
right to vote regardless of race.
9
10
In all, 26 amendments have been
added to the Constitution, helping this
document, which begins with the
words, “We the people...” remain
faithful to its creators’ vision that
citizens establish government to secure
their rights, and that such a
government should be a government of
laws and not of individuals.
THE MAIN IDEA
Circle the letter of the sentence or phrase which best describes the main idea of
the article about the Constitution. Be prepared to support your answer.
a) The various branches of the U.S. government, as defined by the Constitution.
b) How the American Constitution was written.
c) The 26 amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
d) Freedom of speech under the Constitution of the United States.
C2
UNDERSTANDING WHAT YOU READ
If you can, answer these questions from memory. If you cannot, look back at the
article.
1) When and how was the Constitution written?
2) What did the leaders of America want to do?
3) What are the three branches of the American government; how are they related
to each other?
4) What is the content of the Bill of Rights?
REMEMBERING DETAILS
Write TRUE or FALSE under each statement. If the statement is false, write the
statement correctly.
1) The American Constitution was designed to provide a form of government that
was very similar to what people had experienced in Europe.
2) The Constitution puts limits on the power of the central government and
assures that all citizens are free.
3) Individual rights were not recognized in America until the Bill of Rights was
passed.
4) Since the Constitution was first written, 10 important amendments to it have
been passed.
C3
INFERENCES
Based on the article, circle the letter of the best sentence completion.
1) It seems that the writers of the Constitution thought that the European
model of government...
a) was a good place to find helpful ideas to copy in America.
b) did not guarantee enough individual freedom.
c) effectively limited the government’s power.
d) had a clear separation of the three branches.
2) The amendments to the U.S. Constitution may be said to have...
a) defined certain matters more precisely than in the original Constitution.
b) extended the Constitution, in some areas, to offer additional protection to citizens.
c) done both of a) and b)
d) done neither of a) nor b)
INTERPRETATION
1) Which branch of the U.S. government do you think is most important? Why?
2) If you were planning to work in a government, what branch would interest you
the most? Why?
3) Constitutions are not only useful for governments; they can also be useful in
other places, such as in a school. What elements do you think should be
present in a constitution concerning pupils’ and teachers’ rights in a school?
WORD POWER
Circle the letter of the word that means the same as the word on the left.
1) document
a) written record
b) medical file
c) law
2) delegates
a) experts
b) writers
c) representatives
3) accomplish
a) achieve
b) prove
c) legislate
4) authority
a) copyright
b) power
c) education
5) abolished
a) attacked
b) ended
c) exposed
6) deny
a) reduce
b) review
c) refuse
C4
CROSSWORD PUZZLE
ACROSS:
7) The Constitution separates the legislative, _____________________ and judicial branches of government.
9) Political leaders in 1787 insisted that individuals have certain _____________________, undeniable rights.
12) U.S. constitutional law provides a _____________________ between authority and liberty.
13) The ideas of political leaders in 1787 _____________________ on a government that comes from below.
15) The judicial _____________________ of government is the state and lower federal court system.
16) The legislative branch of government has the power to _____________________ taxes.
DOWN:
1) Twenty six amendments have been _____________________ to the Constitution since it was first written.
2) The Constitution is the _____________________ of all laws in America.
3) In 1791 the Bill of Rights became an _____________________.
4) The American Revolution gave _____________________ Colonists their freedom from England.
5) Over the years amendments have been added to the Constitution by _____________________ of Congress.
6) The President’s _____________________ responsibilities include enforcing all federal laws.
8) The Bill of Rights added ten very _____________________ amendments to the Constitution in 1791.
10) The writers of the Constitution guaranteed the _____________________ of the citizens.
11) In 1787 political leaders _____________________ to accomplish in America what Europe could not.
14) The Constitution _____________________ the different agencies of the government.
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