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Organic Compounds: Lipids
1
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Organic Compounds: Lipids
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Lipids
❁ 
lipids – waxy or oily organic compound that
stores energy in its bonds
E.g. fats, oils, & waxes
❁  Insoluble in water (hydrophobic) but soluble
in other lipids
❁ 
❁ 
major roles
Store energy
❁  Form biological membranes
❁  insulation
❁  Chemical messengers
❁ 
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Organic Compounds: Lipids
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Lipids
❁ 
Monomer: Fatty Acids or Glycerol
❁  Many important lipids form from combo of
fatty acids & glycerol
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Organic Compounds: Lipids
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Lipids: Triglyceride
❁  1
type of lipid or fat is made up of fatty
acids & glycerol molecules in 3:1 ratio. ❁  bonding
of 3 fatty acids to 1 glycerol
molecule creates a triglyceride.
❁  used
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by organisms for energy storage
Organic Compounds: Lipids
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Lipids
❁ 
Twice as many calories as carbs  good
way to store energy for future use
❁  Identification
❁  Composed of C, H, & O but in different
proportions than carbohydrates
❂  >2:1 ratio of H:O
❁  carboxyl group (COOH)
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Organic Compounds: Lipids
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Lipids
❁ 
fatty acids: saturated vs. unsaturated
❁ 
saturated – carbon atoms joined by a single bond (have max # of hydrogen atoms)
e.g. butter, lard, & other animal fats
❁ 
unsaturated – carbon atoms joined by a double bond
e.g. vegetable oil
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Organic Compounds: Lipids
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Lipids: 2 other Kinds
❁ 
sterol – any group of naturally occurring
unsaturated steroid alcohols
❁  cholesterol – compound found in animal
fats, meats, & dairy products that can build
cells but in excess can be a risk factor for
heart disease (sterols molecule)
❁ 
phospholipid – Contains Parts that Dissolve
well in Water (hydrophilic i.e. Head Polar) &
Parts that Do not Dissolve well in water
(hydrophobic; i.e. tail nonpolar)
❁  Form bilayers when dissolve in water
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Organic Compounds: Lipids
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Lipids: 2 other Kinds
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Organic Compounds: Lipids
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