GCS Earth Science Unit D Test ­ Hydrology 1. Which of the following factors ​
does not​
impact the infiltration rate of water? A.
B.
C.
D.
2.
The porosity/permeability of the soil The water table level The rate of precipitation The amount of pollution in a nearby stream The following diagram represents the water cycle: Which of the following points represents evaporation? A. Point 1 B. Point 2 C. Point 3 D. Point 4 3. Which of the following statements is true concerning groundwater and surface water? A. If there is more groundwater stored beneath the surface then the amount of surface water is likely to increase B. If there is more groundwater stored beneath the surface then the amount of surface water is likely to decrease C. If there is less groundwater stored beneath the surface then the amount of surface water is likely to increase D. There is no connection between groundwater and surface water 4. The following map represents North Carolina’s river basins: Which river is likely to impact South Carolina if it becomes polluted? A. Catawba B. Cape Fear C. Pasquotank D. White Oak 5. The map represents the global conveyor belt: What is the primary factor driving the current in the above map? A. Wind B. Density C. Ocean Depth D. Latitude GCS Earth Science Unit D Test ­ Hydrology 6. Four surface currents are represented on the map below: Which of the following two ocean currents are more than likely cold? A. Canary and Benguela B. Gulf Stream and Brazil C. Brazil and Canary D. Gulf Stream and Benguela 7. Why are ocean currents important to coastal regions? A. They produce high and low tides B. They can warm or cool the air temperatures C. They can vertically push warm water and nutrients to the surface D. They increase the rate of precipitation as cold water moves along coastal regions 8. Which is formed when a section of impermeable rock forces groundwater to move laterally and emerge on the surface of the Earth? A. A spring B. An aquifer C. A geyser D. A well 9. How is the beach structure below beneficial in protecting recreational beaches? A. It accelerates sediment loss B. It creates sand dunes along the shoreline C. It reduces sediment loss and controls erosion D. They reflect waves and reduce flooding 10. Which of the following is true about seawalls? A. Seawalls protect coastal areas however cause erosion B. Seawalls do not protect coastal areas however they reduce erosion C. Seawalls protect coastal areas and reduce erosion D. Seawalls do not protect coastal areas and they cause erosion 11. What is a drawback to the extensive use of irrigation? A. Crops do not receive sufficient water B. Flooding increases C. Groundwater levels decrease D. Pollution increases 12. Which of the following factors can cause the salinity of a town well to increase? A. Increases in global temperature B. Decreases in use of irrigation C. Glacial melting D. Saltwater intrusion 13. As human population increases exponentially 16. High levels of which of the following physical GCS Earth Science Unit D Test ­ Hydrology what is likely to happen to the amount of available freshwater? properties of water is likely to improve the biotic index of a NC stream? A. It will increase B. It will decrease C. it will stabilize D. It will increase and then decrease 14. A community decides to upgrade its wastewater treatment and water purification systems. What lasting impact could this have on available freshwater? A. It could cause a decrease in water demand B. It could cause a decrease in the water levels C. It could cause an increase in waterborne disease D. It could cause an increase in the freshwater supply 15. The map below represents the expansion of a community around a lake from 1967­1997: A. Algae growth B. Decaying matter C. Suspended solids D. Dissolved oxygen 17. Which is the most common contamination source for freshwater resources? A. Runoff B. Digging wells C. Melting of glaciers D. Lightning 18. Which of the following represents a non­point source of water pollution? A. Toxic waste given off by a chemical research facility B. Exhaust given off by car tailpipes C. Emissions ejected from smokestacks D. Fertilizers washed away from farmlands by runoff 19. The amount of available freshwater resources can be maximized by: A. Increased infiltration to fertilize crops B. Reduced treatment by wastewater treatment facilities C. Reduction in measures to prevent arsenic From 1967­1997 how is the quality of contamination groundwater and surface water likely to change? D. Laws regulating the amount of pollution that can be discharged into a river A. Groundwater quality and surface water quality will improve 20. Which of the following is true about man­made B. Groundwater quality and surface water quality dams? will get worse C. Groundwater quality will improve while surface A. They reduce the risk of upstream flooding water quality will get worse B. They do not affect the character of the dammed D. Groundwater quality will get worse while surface river downstream from the dam water quality will improve C. They are only located where they do not affect pre existing farms and urban areas D. They are constructed to provide more dependable water resources for humans. 21. How could the removal of trees and other vegetation impact an environment? 25. The diagram below represents the extraction method for which natural resource? GCS Earth Science Unit D Test ­ Hydrology A. By increasing oxygen production B. By increasing soil formation C. By increasing transpiration D. By increasing erosion 22. Which of the following energy resources does NOT ​
give off carbon dioxide when used? A. Uranium B. Coal C. Natural Gas D. Petroleum 23. Which of the following is a characteristic of sustainable farming? A. Usage of growth hormones B. Pesticides and fertilizers C. Organic food D. Environmentally degrading 24. In the diagram below where would be the best place to build a wind energy station? A. Location A B. Location B C. Location C D. Location D A. Wood B. Oil C. Peat D. Coal GCS Earth Science Unit D Test ­ Hydrology Question Correct Answer Standard 1 D 2.3.2 2 D 2.3.2 3 A 2.3.2 4 A 2.3.2 5 B 2.3.1 6 A 2.3.1 7 B 2.3.1 8 A 2.3.2 9 C 2.2.1 10 A 2.2.1 11 C 2.4.1 12 D 2.4.1 13 B 2.4.1 14 D 2.4.2 15 B 2.4.2 16 D 2.4.2 17 A 2.4.2 18 D 2.4.2 19 D 2.4.2 20 D 2.4.1 21 D 2.2.1 22 A 2.2.2 23 C 2.8.2 24 B 2.8.1 25 B 2.2.2