The William H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute Research Education Demonstration Annua l Repo r t 2005 PRESIDENT’S REPORT The past year was an eventful one for the Institute as we continued to deliver programs that address critical agricultural and environmental issues relevant to northern New York and beyond. Our research team once again did a top notch job of conducting crop, dairy, equine, and environmental science research. Grant income for 2005 was up substantially from 2004 as our new 300-cow research and educational dairy facility was completed. Over 90% of grant and contract funding in 2005 was in our primary focus area of crop-animal systems. The intensive research area of the new dairy facility has expanded our ability to attract grants with more basic objectives to complement the applied management research that remains our core strength. The extensive camera system in the new dairy barn has been used to record cow behavioral responses to stocking density and other management factors and adds another unique dimension to our research capability. Our undergraduate educational programs continue to enroll between 60 and 75 students per year. Enrollment for the Advanced Dairy Management course remained steady at 7 to 8 students. Enrollment in the Agriculture and the Environment course, in its second semester of being offered, remains above our target of 10 to 15 students per semester. Our summer experience programs were expanded with new offerings in Agricultural Research and Heart’s Delight Farm History. Our outreach programs impacted many segments of the dairy, crop, and equine industries in 2005. Approximately 2000 people attended our workshops, meetings, and seminars held at the Institute. In addition to our Farm Report and Stable Sheet newsletters, our revamped website had an average of 4400 visits per month in 2005. All of these statistics indicate the substantial contribution of our programs to solving practical problems facing agriculture. The Institute’s most visible demonstration program continues to be the dairy herd. A high level of performance is necessary for research results to be applicable to the modern dairy industry, for relevant educational programs, and for effective demonstration of the latest technology in a dairy-crop system. In 2005, significant improvements have been made for every major indicator of dairy herd performance while the herd size has expanded over 37%. Our herd is now within the top 10 to 15% of Holstein dairy herds in the US in the 300 to 599 herd-size category. As you read through this 2005 annual report, I am certain you will be impressed with the breadth and quality of the programs offered and conducted by Institute staff. 1 ADVANCED DAIRY MANAGEMENT The spring of 2005 marked the sixth year of the Advanced Dairy Management program at Miner Institute. The program is taught by our faculty and staff and is a combination of five courses that include Forage Quality/ Dairy Nutrition, Field Crops, Dairy Management Practicum, Agricultural Seminar, and Research Project combined for a total of 15 credits. Seventeen visiting faculty and other agriculture industry professionals provided expertise in a broad range of areas for the students. Students additionally participated in several dairy industry meetings and seminars for dairy farmers on topics ranging from managing Hispanic labor force to internal herd growth. The seven University of Vermont students that enrolled in the program are seeking employment at dairy farms or are interested in pursuing graduate studies in agriculture. Our annual trip field trip with the Advanced Dairy Management students was to Idaho. Highlights of this trip included Simplot Livestock in Grandview, Idaho, a feedlot with the capacity to feed 150,000 head at one time utilizing the waste from a large potato processing plant operated by Mr. Simplot. Most of the animals were on the feedlot from 7 months through finishing, approximately 180 days. We also visited 3 dairies in the Meridian and Nampa area, Dan Van Grouw’s Dairy had 1200 cows milking and averaged 27,000 lbs. of milk and 3.9% butterfat. The MooRiah Dairy milks 700 Jersey cows and is in the top 5% of Jersey herds in the country for production. At the Stewart Dairy the 800 cows were averaging 30,000 pounds of milk and 1100 pounds of butterfat. After our visits to the Idaho dairies, we attended the Western Dairy Management Conference in Reno, Nevada where attendance was over 1500 people. 2 SUMMER EXPERIENCE PROGRAMS The students who participated in the Summer Experience in Farm Management Program learned a variety of work skills during their 13-week internship. Duties on the farm included milking, herd health, calf chores and numerous field work activities such as tillage and harvest of the alfalfa, grass and corn silage. Students also completed dairy management research projects that ranged from milking parlor efficiency evaluation to the development of a spreadsheet to aid in analyzing the monthly milk check. The Farm Management students also enjoyed preparing a group of heifers for exhibition at the Clinton County Fair in July in addition to serving as tour guides for our annual Farm Days for Fifth Graders. Students in the farm management program during the summer of 2005 are planning to have careers in teaching, graduate school, farm management and veterinary medicine. With the goal of a career in the equine industry, Summer Experience in Equine Management students receive real work experience as breeders, trainers, and managers of an equine operation in a mentoring environment. The Summer Experience programs were expanded in 2005 to include a unique experience in agricultural research. Students interested in pursuing veterinary medicine and graduate school find this program helpful in preparing for academic and career opportunities in the agricultural research field. Students learn research techniques and processes in a variety of areas including nutrient management, dairy cattle nutrition, agronomy, reproductive physiology of dairy cattle and horses, and dairy cattle behavior. 3 UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS Advanced Dairy Management ADM students are enrolled at the University of Vermont. Amber Blodgett Jeff Chamberlin Seth Chapell Ransom Conant Adrienne DiCerbo BJ Hathaway Brad Thompson Appl i e d E n vi r o nm e nta l Sci e nc e AESP students are enrolled at Plattsburg State University. Kendall Albert Ben Baldwin Melinda Bigness Victoria Bombard Jessica Bulova Trevor Cole James Cunningham Nathan Cuomo Jannel Gabriel Elizabeth Gage Sara George Alicia Hoerner Allison Labriola Peter Marozas Phillip Mohebalian Andrew Mollica Jessica Norton Jacob O’Connor Joshua Olbrys Thomas Paquette Amanda Przysiecki Derek Rogers Elizabeth Rogers William Rooney Melinda Sergi Brian Shutts Christopher Stall Blake Sullivan Nanako Takada Sean Thomas Louis Trotta Scott Weilacher Sum m e r E x pe r i e nc e Far m M anag em en t Ginger Bushey, SUNY Cobleskill Marlana Guillory, Louisiana State University Anna Pape, University of New Hampshire Danielle Pumphrey, University of Nebraska-Omaha Eq uine Man agement Lynn Commaille, University of Vermont Jessica Kennedy, University of Rhode Island Brittney Gamler, Virginia Tech Jennifer Sampson, Texas A&M Agricul t ural Res ear ch Kristen Meisner, University of New Hampshire R e s e a r c h E xp e r i e n c e f o r U n d e r g r a d u a t e s Theresa Clark, Cazenovia College David Katz, Binghampton University LaShonna Stewart, Cazenovia College Erica Ragusa, Plattsburgh State University Kathleen Wilson, Sweet Briar College Caleb Atkins, Plattsburgh State University John Pittenger, Bloomberg University Shannon Molaroni, Wayne State University Kathy Gebbie, SUNY Oswego Nicole Lehman, University of Wisconsin at River Falls Robert Aumer, SUNY Fredonia Alexander Roussos, Dartmouth College Kendall Albert, Plattsburgh State University Kareemot Braimoh, Plattsburgh State University 4 APPLIED ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE PROGRAM The Applied Environmental Science Program (AESP) is offered in collaboration with Plattsburgh State University and completed its 33rd year at Miner Institute during the fall semester. The core of this ongoing program has been the immersion style environment coupled with full-day class formats. This semester students took a combination of 5 classes including: Introduction to Soil Science, Applied Environmental Hydrology, Forest Ecology and management, Field Ecology and Agriculture and the Environment. This semester marked the 2nd year of the Agriculture and the Environment class, taught as a combination of Miner Institute staff, along with faculty from the University of Vermont, Cornell and personnel from NRCS. Students were asked to complete and present semester long projects in cross-over topics such as: biodiesel, winter manure spreading, growing supplements locally and grazing dairy steers on feed refusals. This type of course fuses many lessons learned in other courses and enabled the students to expand their knowledge on current topics of interest to many. A total of 33 students participated in the Applied Environmental Science Program following the teaching motto “Show me, and I’ll look. Tell me, and I’ll listen. Involve me, and I’ll learn.” This program integrates theory developed in lectures with hands-on experience in indoor and outdoor labs dealing with soil, water and forestry. Students utilize the computer and chemical laboratory facilities at Miner Institute, as well as the neighboring Adirondacks, to collect and analyze samples, and integrate the information into polished reports. Five residential students were awarded James Fitzpatrick scholarships: Victoria Bombard, Elizabeth Gage, Amanda Przysiecki, Christopher Stall and international student Nanako Takada. Nanako, who hails from Japan, was excited to take advantage of the opportunity to interact with her fellow countryman from Zen Noh, who was working on a variety of dairy science research projects at Miner Institute. R E S E A RC H E X P E R I E N C E fo r U N D E RG R A D UAT E S The Research Experience for Undergraduates program is primarily funded through the National Science Foundation and is a collaborative effort between Plattsburgh State University and Miner Institute. Faculty from Plattsburgh State University spend eight weeks in the summer working with students who are studying environmental science and come to us from a variety of schools throughout the country. 5 DAIRY OPERATIONS Highlights from the Dairy Barn are mainly focused on the increased level of productivity from the cows since we moved into the new barn in May 2004. Milk production from the 305 cows in the herd at the end of 2005 averaged over 90 pounds per cow, 1000 pounds of butterfat and over 800 pounds of protein. Cow numbers increased 37% from a year ago through bred heifers and young cow purchases and a decreased culling rate. Cows are milked three times per day in the double twelve parallel parlor. 52” fans were installed throughout the new barn in the summer of 2005 to aid in reducing the loss of productivity during the hot, sticky weather we can experience in the summer months. Corn silage production on 152 acres was 2800 tons, a decrease of 23% from 2004 primarily due to fewer acres of corn. The ratio of corn silage to hay crop silage in our lactating cow rations has increased and we will be increasing corn silage acreage in the future. Total production of hay crop silage was 2800 tons, 25% higher than 2004. We purchased a new self-propelled chopper in 2005 and our harvest speed nearly doubled in terms of tons of silage harvested per hour. This had a positive effect on hay crop silage quality that has aided in increasing milk production. The classroom at the Dairy Barn has been utilized by a variety of groups for training at Miner Institute. The groups of people who come for training include dairy farmers, agribusiness employees, and students enrolled in one of our courses such as Advanced Dairy Management, Summer Experience in Farm Management or Agriculture and the Environment. The classroom has become increasingly popular with agribusinesses that need a place to train employees with easy access to cows, stored forages and a classroom. 6 EQUINE PROGRAM The continued focus on education for undergraduates as well as the horse-owning community brought about several great successes in 2005. The Summer Experience in Equine Management students were part of our exploration into embryo flushing and freezing. The interest in equine reproduction sparked by Miner has propelled two 2005 alumni into careers in the breeding industry. Annual educational programs such as EquiDay, Youth EquiDay, and the Equine Reproduction Workshop attract many participants new to horses as well as those long-time owners seeking to further their knowledge. On a more individual level, several horses and their owners received training in 2005 that has brought their education and understanding to the next level on the path to achieving their goals. Interest in the fledgling equine newsletter has continued to grow the mailing list. The Stable Sheet is the sister publication to the Farm Report and offers articles based upon experiences in the horse barn at Miner as well as meeting and event notices of interest to readers. Contributions from the University of Vermont round out the content. 7 HEART’S DELIGHT FARM The Heart’s Delight Farm Summer History Internship was our newest offering in 2005. The program is modeled after the Summer Experience programs, but is for students interested in historical research and/or museum work. Estelle Hubbard, a Plattsburgh State art major with a Museum Management minor, joined us from the end of May through August. Her core duties included opening the exhibit on weekends, continuation of the archiving project for the Heritage Exhibit, and developing a design for the layout of the antique display building that is located next to the Heritage Center. The Shadow Lawn Guest House was restored to its original state during the summer. Utilizing photographs as a research basis, it was determined that when the house was originally built in 1914 the top half was green and the bottom half white. The house was originally known as the Manager’s Cottage and was occupied by Mr. Hamilton, Farm Manager for Heart’s Delight Farm. Mr. Hamilton’s duties were to oversee the many tasks involved in managing the farm. In July, Dr. Joseph and Joan Burke were recognized for their patronage to the Heritage Exhibit. The Heritage Exhibit first opened in August of 2003, and since that time has seen over 3,500 visitors. In October, a blue and yellow New York State Historical Marker was erected just outside the entrance gates. In about twenty words, the sign describes Heart’s Delight Farm. These markers can be found all over the state to denote areas of historical significance 8 The Spirit of Heart’s Delight Farm Do right because it is the right thing to do. Be courteous: you thereby honor yourself. Be industrious: otherwise you cannot respect yourself. Be efficient thus gaining the respect of others. Try to realize the value of time, your real capital. Be honest thereby attaining true happiness. Constantly improve in mental, moral and physical quality. Be fair-minded: shun prejudice and jealousy. Be loyal and cooperate cheerfully with others. 9 RESEARCH The research program continued to grow in 2005 with the addition of Ph.D. candidate, Sally Flis to the staff. Sally received her undergraduate and masters degree from University of Wisconsin-Madison. She hopes to focus her PhD work on nutrient management and has taken a specific interest in the effect copper sulfate footbaths, used to manage hoof health, have on manure pit ecology and forage quality, yield, and root growth. The surveillance cameras installed in the two northern pens of the new freestall barn worked extremely well as graduate student, Chris Hill, conducted his study evaluating the effect of pen density on animal behavior and productivity during the fall in 2005. With another year of research activity in the research tie-stalls, slight modifications were made to secure feed dividers and prevent cows from stealing the more desirable diet from a neighbor. Grain bins were installed outside the tie-stall barn feed area to facilitate the mixing of treatment rations. In addition, cable wiring and track were installed for video recording behavior of cows in the tie-stalls. The maternity pens in our dry cow barn were modified to accommodate collection of individual intakes for a study conducted in 2005. These modifications included incorporation of a scale-chute system for weighing cows and swing gates within the maternity pens for ease of handling while blood sampling animals. In the forage laboratory, work has continued for development of an effective method for determining physically effective NDF of forages/TMRs on the farm. In addition, studies were conducted evaluating the measurement of phenolics in forages and determining its usefulness as an indicator of NDF digestibility of the forage. Miner Institute has also been instrumental in the development of the dairy ration balancing software, CPM (Cornell, University of Pennsylvania, Miner Institute). The midi silos were fully utilized this summer and fall conducting trials for American Farm Products, Inc., Effect of SilagePro® on haycrop and corn silage quality. 10 Miner Institute presented six papers at the 2005 joint annual meeting of the American Dairy Science Association and American Society of Animal Science in Cincinnati, Ohio: 1. Using nonlactating cattle to improve the transition of lactating cows into a new freestall barn. C.T. Hill, M. Greenwood, K. Sabo, C.S. Ballard, and R.J. Grant 2. The use of bioaugmentation to reduce odor and enhance nutrient profile in stored dairy manure C. Ballard1, K. Cotanch1, J. Darrah1, E. Thomas1, S. Kramer1, W. Donohue2, W. Campion2; 1W.H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute, 2Pro-Act Microbial, Inc. 3. Comparative effect of brown midrib sorghum-sudan and corn silages on lactational performance, nutrient digestibility, and phosphorus retention in Holstein dairy cows. H. M. Dann1, C. S. Ballard1, E. D. Thomas1, K. W. Cotanch1, C. Hill1, R. J. Grant1, R. Rice2, and W. Townsend2; 1W.H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute, Chazy, NY, 2Garrison & Townsend, Hereford, TX. 4. The effect of feeding three milk replacer regimens preweaning on first lactation performance of Holstein dairy cattle. C.S. Ballard1, H.M. Wolford1, T. Sato2, K. Uchida2, M. Suekawa2, Y. Yabuuchi2 and K. Kobayashi2 1W.H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute, Chazy, NY, and 2Zen-Noh National Federation of Agricultural Cooperative Associations, Tokyo, Japan. 5. A comparison of three techniques for determining the physical effectiveness factor for use in calculating physically effective NDF. K.W. Cotanch1, J.W. Darrah1, H.M. Dann1, R.J. Grant1, and J. Audy2; 1W. H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute, Chazy, NY, 2Feed Commodities International, Vergennes, VT. 6. Effects of glutamate on microbial efficiency and metabolism in continuous culture of ruminal contents and on performance of mid-lactation dairy cows. H.M. Dann1, C.S. Ballard1, R.J. Grant1, K.W. Cotanch1, M.P. Carter1, and M. Suekawa2, 1W. H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute, Chazy, NY, and 2Zen-Noh National Federation of Agricultural Cooperative Associations, Tokyo, Japan. Rick Grant and Heather Dann traveled to Japan to present reports of research conducted in 2005 for Zen-Noh National Federation of Agricultural Co-operative Associations in Tsukuba and Tokyo, Japan in early November: 1. Update of the Zen-Noh/Miner Institute Transition Cow Manual 2. Effect of source of NDF on feed intake and productivity during the periparturient period of dairy cows 3. A review of recent literature evaluating the amino acid requirements of dairy cows 4. Re-design of Zen-Noh shaker box to measure peNDF, comparison with standard dry sieving, and validation with a bioassay based on chewing activity and ruminal pH. 5. Development of a chemical measure to better predict NDF digestibility for use in CPM-Dairy and other nutritional models Miner Institute has enjoyed this collaboration with Zen-Noh for nearly a decade and will continue our working relationship in 2006. 11 CONTRIBUTORS VISITING FACULTY and PROFESSIONAL ASSISTANCE Dori Adel Kenneth Adams, Plattsburgh State University Aaron Alexander, Syngenta Seeds American Farm Products Terri Batchelder, Pro-Dairy Best Manufacturing Gary Bergstrom, Cornell University Gregory Encina Billikopf, University of California Joe & Joan Burke Melissa Bishoff, Dairy Marketing Services CaroVail, Salem, NY—Frank Flis Herbert Boyce, Northwoods Forest Improvements Central Connecticut Farmers Cooperative Association Robert Brower, NYSSECC-Lake Champlain John Couture, Cargill Animal Nutrition Champlain Valley Morgan Horse Association Karl Czymmek, Cornell University Church & Dwight Josie Davis, University of Vermont Golden Harvest Seeds Mike Davis, Cornell University Steve Davis, UVM Morgan Horse Farm Dr. Lisa Duval-Kennedy Ronald DeBeer, Moira, NY Exodus Breeding Supply Erik Eaglefeather, DVM Alden Harwood Jerry Emerich, Select Sire Power David Franzi, Plattsburgh State University Gail James Robert Fuller, Plattsburgh State University Kimberly Clark Curt Gooch, Cornell University Leon Graves, Dairy Marketing Services Microflex Betsy Greene, University of Vermont Millipore Foundation Stephen Hazen, Milton, VT Sandra Morse Kent Henderson, DVM, Northwest Veterinary Associates Charlie Hesseltine, Jr., Malone, NY Northern N.Y. Agricultural Development Program Kevin Hollister, Mooers, NY Pierre L. & Rosalie Rockwell Susan Hughes, Plymouth, MI Pfizer Miles Huffaker, Monsanto Kate Joyce, Plattsburgh State University Sam’s Club Stanley Kourofsky, CV-Tech Silo Stop, Ltd. Alexandra Kurland, Delmar, NY South Bay Morgan Farm Andrew Landers, Cornell University Lyn McIlroy, Plattsburgh State University Syngenta, Inc. Jeff Morse, Green Meads Farm Thermo Orion Tim Mihuc, Plattsburgh State University Mildred Nault, Vermont DHIA U.S. Poultry and Egg Association Dr. Mary O’Donovan, Milton, VT UVM Morgan Horse Farm Tom Overton, Cornell University Patricia Waring Randall Reeder, The Ohio State University Kurt Ruppel, Cargill Animal Nutrition Kathleen & Paul Wentworth Fred Smith, Alice T. Miner Museum Julie Smith, DVM, University of Vermont Mike Socha, Zinpro Lee Telega, Cornell University Steve Wolfgang, Zinpro 12 FINANCIALS 2005 Revenue Research Grants 3% Other 2% Student Programs Farm Income 24% Miner Foundation 69% 2005 Expenditures General Maintenance 14% Farm 39% Support Operations 15% Administration 5% Research 12% Education 15% 13 EMPLOYEES and YEARS of SERVICE Faculty/Research Everett Thomas, M.S. Catherine Ballard, M.S. Linda Masters, M.S. Wanda Emerich, M.Ext.Ed. Stephen Kramer, M.S. Karen Lassell Marguerite Carter Heather Wolford Kurt Cotanch, M.S. Jeff Darrah Richard Grant, Ph.D. Heather Dann, Ph.D. 24 18 18 18 11 10 9 4 4 3 3 1 Administration Laurie Miller Mary Lou Gadway Kirk Beattie Debra LaPorte 22 18 5 1 Physical Plant Brian Bechard Steve Fessette David Boulerice Kelly Snide Ryan Dumont Timothy LaForest Daniel Belrose 24 24 17 11 9 8 3 Agriculture Henry Meseck Stephen Ero Jake Ashline Mark Gonyo Bethann Basto Ralph LaBombard Neil LaCount Travis Stokes Shawn Bechard Nichole Blow Steve Couture Chad Hebert David Johnson Eric Nolette 22 10 7 5 2 1 1 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 Food Service/Housekeeping Priscilla Hackett 18 Donna Matott 16 Hope Jubert 7 14 Graduate Students Christopher Hill Sally Flis < 1 1 Interns Lynn Commaille < 1 INSTITUTE BOARD Charles E. Ashley Cha-Liz Farm Trustee Dr. Robert Heins Clinton Country Legislator, Area 10 Trustee Kirk E. Beattie Miner Institute Treasurer Betsy Hodge Extension Learning Farm Member William Bingel Member Melvin Irwin Member Dr. Joseph C. Burke Rockefeller Institute Chairman, Trustee Debra LaPorte Miner Institute Secretary Dr. Richard J. Grant Miner Institute President Bernard Leerkes, Jr. Trustee Dr. Tom McFadden University of Vermont Member Richard Eakins NORCO Farms Trustee David Meath Buck Paper Company Member Dr. John Ettling Plattsburgh State University Member David Fisher Member Dr. Tom Overton Cornell University Member Roger Forrence Forrence Orchards Vice Chair, Trustee William L. Owens Harris Beach, PLLC Member Roderic G. Giltz Northern Insuring Agency Trustee Everett D. Thomas Miner Institute Vice President, Agricultural Programs Rocklyn Giroux Adirondack Farms Trustee Dr. Ann M. Willey Wadsworth Center Lab Trustee Dr. Sheldon Hagar Champlain Valley Vet Service Member Dr. Frederick Woodward Member Geoffrey C. Yates Yankee Farm Credit Trustee Carol Harrell Member 15 MISSION STATEMENT Miner Institute offers quality research, education, and demonstration programs addressing critical agricultural and environmental issues relevant to Northern New York and beyond. RESEARCH Miner Institute conducts practical research on the dairy-crop interface, equine reproduction and management, and environmental conservation. Its research activities combine a global perspective with a regional application. EDUCATION Miner Institute offers a range of undergraduate, graduate, and continuing education programs in dairy and field crop science, equine management, and environmental conservation. The Institute provides meetings, workshops, and residential undergraduate and graduate programs in cooperation with a number of regional colleges and universities. DEMONSTRATION Miner Institute demonstrates the best practices in dairy farming, equine management, and environmental conservation through its dairy, crops, equine, and field and forestry operations and through outreach activities in the region. RESEARCH EDUCATION DEMONSTRATION VISION STATEMENT The dedicated and talented staff of Miner Institute seeks to bring to residents of northern New York and surrounding regions the benefits of research, education, and demonstration involving dairy, equine, and environmental management. VALUES STATEMENT We value the Miner tradition of high quality agricultural programs serving northern New York needs, conducted by a skilled and diverse staff in a beautiful historical setting. We especially value combining the latest technological innovations with a cherished heritage. 16 The William H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute 1034 Miner Farm Road PO Box 90 Chazy, New York 12921 518-846-7121 www.whminer.org Established October 22, 1951
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