GLYCOLYSIS
Snapping Sugar In Half
Cellular Respiration (again!)
● Goal: to convert food (glucose) into
usable energy (ATP)
● General formula:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY
● 2 major steps:
○ anaerobic- no oxygen needed to work
○ aerobic- oxygen needed to work
Glycolysis
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First step of cellular respiration
Anaerobic
Occurs in a cell’s cytoplasm
“Glyco” = sugar, “lysis” = break
Breaks one glucose into two
pyruvic acids
Glycolysis
● It takes 2 ATP to break
glucose in half.
● The 3-carbon halves of the
broken glucose eventually
become pyruvic acid
● 4 ATP and 2 NADH are
made
Net ATP
● Gross: total produced
● Net: total produced minus a
debt or deduction
● Glycolysis makes 4 ATP but
takes 2 ATP to work
● 4 ATP - 2 ATP = 2 NET ATP
NADH
● The breaking of glucose also releases high-energy electrons
○ electrons + hydrogen ions + NAD+ = NADH
● NADH is another energy-storing molecule.
● Will be used in the aerobic reaction
Glycolysis Results
● Breaks glucose in half and makes
○ 2 net ATP
○ 2 NADH
○ 2 pyruvic acids
Glycolysis Pros & Cons
PROS
CONS
● Quick reaction
● Doesn’t need O2
● Not much ATP is made per
glucose
● If NAD+ is used up,
glycolysis won’t happen