International Institute of Original Medicine
COURSE SYLLABUS
AND
STUDY GUIDE
IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3
1 credit
Textbook
Medical Language
by Susan M. Turley
CONTENTS
COURSE SYLLABUS……………………………..p. 3
LEARNING ACTIVITIES…………………………pp. 4-5
DIRECTIONS FOR COMPLETING
THE STUDY GUIDE…………………………p. 6
COURSE STUDY GUIDE……………………….. pp. 7-35
FINAL EXAMINATION FOR THIS COURSE… pp. 36
IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3 Course Syllabus and Study Guide
Copyright IIOM Revised August 2007
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COURSE SYLLABUS
Course Description
This course presents the anatomy and physiology of several common body systems: the male
reproductive system, female reproductive system, endocrine system, eyes, and the ENT system.
Course Objectives
1. Identify the anatomical structures of the male reproductive, female reproductive, and
endocrine systems as well as the eyes and ENT system.
2. Describe the processes of spermatogenesis and ejaculation, menstruation and conception,
labor and delivery, hormone response and feedback, vision and hearing.
3. Build medical words from combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes.
Course Materials

Textbook: Turley, Susan. Medical Language. Prentice Hall, 2007.
Textbook purchase: See IIOM Textbook Master List.

Study Guide: Included in this file.
IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3 Course Syllabus and Study Guide
Copyright IIOM Revised August 2007
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Learning Activities
Lesson 1
Anatomy of the Male Reproductive System
A.
Reading and Study Assignment: Medical Language pp. 634-641
B.
C.
Complete the Study Guide questions.
Complete the Anatomy Labeling Exercises on p. 646
Lesson 2
A.
B.
C.
D.
Physiology of the Male Reproductive System
Reading and Study Assignment: Medical Language pp. 642-646
Complete the Study Guide questions.
Complete the Building Medical Words exercises on pp. 647-648
Complete the Anatomy and Physiology Chapter Review Exercises on pp. 660-661
Lesson 3
A.
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
Reading and Study Assignment: Medical Language pp. 672-682
B. Complete the Study Guide questions.
C. Complete the Anatomy Labeling Exercises on p. 697
Lesson 4
A.
B.
C.
D.
Physiology of the Female Reproductive System
Reading and Study Assignment: Medical Language pp. 683-696
Complete the Study Guide questions.
Complete the Building Medical Words exercises on pp. 698-700
Complete the Anatomy and Physiology Chapter Review Exercises on pp.734-735
Lesson 5
A.
Anatomy of the Endocrine System
Reading and Study Assignment: Medical Language pp. 750-762
B. Complete the Study Guide questions.
C. Complete the Anatomy Labeling Exercises on p. 768
Lesson 6
Physiology of the Endocrine System
IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3 Course Syllabus and Study Guide
Copyright IIOM Revised August 2007
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A.
B.
C.
D.
Reading and Study Assignment: Medical Language pp. 762-767
Complete the Study Guide questions.
Complete the Building Medical Words exercises on pp. 769-770
Complete the Anatomy and Physiology Chapter Review Exercises on p. 791
Lesson 7
A.
Anatomy of the Eye
Reading and Study Assignment: Medical Language pp. 804-813
B. Complete the Study Guide questions.
C. Complete the Anatomy Labeling Exercises on pp. 818-819
Lesson 8
A.
B.
C.
D.
Physiology of the Eye
Reading and Study Assignment: Medical Language pp. 814-818
Complete the Study Guide questions.
Complete the Building Medical Words exercises on pp. 819-820
Complete the Anatomy and Physiology Chapter Review Exercises on pp. 841-842
Lesson 9
D.
Anatomy of the ENT System
Reading and Study Assignment: Medical Language pp. 852-863
E. Complete the Study Guide questions.
F. Complete the Anatomy Labeling Exercises on pp. 868-869
Lesson 10
E.
F.
G.
H.
Physiology of the ENT System
Reading and Study Assignment: Medical Language pp. 864-868
Complete the Study Guide questions.
Complete the Building Medical Words exercises on pp. 869-870
Complete the Anatomy and Physiology Chapter Review Exercises on pp. 889-890
IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3 Course Syllabus and Study Guide
Copyright IIOM Revised August 2007
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DIRECTIONS FOR COMPLETING THE STUDY GUIDE
AND STUDY GUIDE ANSWER SHEET
Read the assigned pages for each Lesson. Then complete the section of the Study Guide that
corresponds to that Lesson.
As you complete each Lesson in the Study Guide, record your answers in the computer file
named “IIOM 63 – Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide Answer Sheet.”
Do not retype the question or statement for each numbered item. Your answer should come
directly from the textbook.
For example, if Question 1 was
1. The title of your textbook is Medical ______ .
This is what you would type in the Study Guide Answer Sheet.
1. Language
Be sure to save this file to your computer each time you enter the answers for a Lesson. You will
keep adding answers to this file as you complete each Lesson in the course.
When you have finished all of the Lessons and typed in all of your answers in the “IIOM 60
Introduction to Medical Language Study Guide Answer Sheet” file, you will be finished with the
Study Guide and your Study Guide Answer Sheet file will be complete.
The next step is to send your completed Study Guide Answer Sheet to IIOM so that we can
verify that you completed this part of the course.
Remember: Read the Certification Statement at the bottom of the Study Guide Answer Sheet.
Then type in your name on the Signature Line and also type in the date, signifying that you agree
with the contents of the Certification Statement.
IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3 Course Syllabus and Study Guide
Copyright IIOM Revised August 2007
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Send an e-mail to your IIOM mentor with the completed Study Guide Answer Sheet computer
file as an attachment to your e-mail. (Your IIOM mentor’s name and e-mail address are included
in the Welcome Letter that was sent to you when you enrolled with IIOM.)
When your mentor has verified that you have completed all of the answers to the Study Guide,
your mentor will send you the Final Examination for this course.
COURSE STUDY GUIDE
LESSON 1
Anatomy of the Male Reproductive System
Medical Language, pp. 634-641
1. Genitourinary is abbreviated as ______.
2. Name the 5 structures included in the external male genitalia.
a. ______________
b. ______________
c. ______________
d. ______________
e. ______________
3. Name the 4 structures included in the internal male genitalia
a. _______________
b. _______________
c. _______________
d. _______________
4. The male genitourinary system shares the ______ with the urinary system.
5. The genitourinary system is also known as the urogenital system. True/False
6. What are the 3 functions or purposes of the male genitourinary system?
a. _________________
b. _________________
c. _________________
7. The pouch of skin behind the penis and in front of the legs is the _________.
8. The scrotum is always a few degrees __________ than core body temperature.
9. The ___________ is the area between the anus and where the scrotum attaches to the body.
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10. Another name for the testes is the ___________.
11. The male ___________ is another name for the male sex glands.
12. The ______________ tubules are a series of compartmentalized, tightly coiled tubules that
produce sperm.
13. Another name for sperm is ____________.
14. __________ is the most abundant and biologically active of all the male sex hormones.
15. Testosterone is secreted by the __________ when they are stimulated by hormones from the
anterior pituitary gland in the brain.
16. The testes also secrete small amounts of the female hormone estradiol. True/False
17. The ________ is a long, coiled tube attached to the outer wall of each testis.
18. The epididymis destroys defective spermatozoa. True/False
19. Before birth, the fetal testes develop in the scrotum. True/False
20. The __________ _______ is a muscular tube that contains the arteries, veins, nerves and vas
deferens.
21. The ________ ________ is a passageway that goes through the abdominal muscles, over the
pubic bone, and through the groin area to the scrotum.
22. At birth or before 2 years of age, the inguinal canal should close. True/False
23. If the inguinal canal does not close, a loop of ___________ can go through the inguinal canal
and go into the scrotum.
24. The vas deferens is also known as the ________ _________.
25. The ______ ________ are two elongated glands that form a “V” along the posterior wall of
the urinary bladder.
26. The seminal vesicles produce ___________ __________.
27. The ____________ __________ is a large collecting area for spermatozoa and seminal fluid.
28. The _________ ___________ is a round gland at the base of the bladder.
29. The prostate gland completely surrounds the first part of the male _________.
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30. Prostatic fluid contains an antibiotic that acts against __________ in the woman’s vagina.
31. Prostatic fluid also contains ________ ____________, an enzyme that breaks apart the
deposit of semen and releases the spermatozoa.
32. The ____________ glands are also known as Cowper’s glands.
33. The sound-alike word “prostrate” means lying in a face-down position. True/False.
34. The male urethra passes through the length of the _________.
35. The urethral meatus is located at the tip of the _____ _________.
36. In uncircumcised males, the urethral meatus is covered by the foreskin or __________ of the
penis.
37. The corpora cavernosa and corpora spongiosum are columns of erectile tissue in the penis.
True/False
NOW PLEASE TYPE YOUR ANSWERS TO THIS LESSON
IN THE SEPARATE FILE NAMED
“IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3,
Study Guide Answer Sheet.”
IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3 Course Syllabus and Study Guide
Copyright IIOM Revised August 2007
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LESSON 2
Physiology of the Male Reproductive System
Medical Language, pp. 642-646
1. ____________ are immature cells in the walls of the seminiferous tubules that contain 46
chromosomes.
2. Another name for puberty is _____________.
3. During adolescence, follicle-stimulating hormone from the ________ ____________ gland
causes the seminiferous tubules to enlarge and spermatocytes to begin to divide.
4. Luteinizing hormone causes the interstitial cells to begin to produce _____________.
5. During puberty, describe the 5 things that change in the development of the male sex
characteristics.
a. _________________
b. _________________
c. _________________
d. _________________
e. _________________
6. Most cells in the body divide by the process of ___________ .
7. A spermatozoon is created by the two processes of _________ and _________.
8. Each spermatozoon is composed of a head that contains _________ chromosomes and a tail.
9. The tail of a spermatozoon is known as a ___________.
10. ________________ is the process of forming mature spermatozoa.
11. Spermatozoa (and ova from the female) that only have half of the usual number of
chromosomes are known as ____________.
12. The fluid in the seminal vesicles has a high level of ______ as a source of energy for the
spermatozoa.
13. Semen is a combination of what 4 things?
a. ________________
b. ________________
c. ________________
d. _______________
14. The process of expelling semen is known as _____________.
IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3 Course Syllabus and Study Guide
Copyright IIOM Revised August 2007
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LESSON 3
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
Medical Language, pp. 672-682
1. _____________ is the medical specialty that studies the anatomy and physiology of the
female genital system and uses diagnostic tests, medical and surgical procedures,
and drugs to treat female genital diseases.
2. _____________ is the medical specialty that studies the anatomy and physiology of the
female reproductive system and uses diagnostic tests, medical and surgical
procedures, and drugs to monitor normal pregnancy and childbirth and treat
diseases.
3. Name the 4 structures that are included in the female internal genitalia.
a. __________________
b. __________________
c. __________________
d. __________________
4. Each ovary is located at the end of a __________ ____________.
5. The ovaries are held in place in the pelvic cavity by the ___________ _________.
6. The ovaries are the female ___________ or sex glands.
7. The ovaries contain __________ that rupture and release eggs during the menstrual cycle.
8. Eggs are also known as _______.
9. Name the 3 hormones secreted by the ovary.
a. _________________
b. _________________
c. _________________
10. ___________ is the most abundant and most biologically active of the female hormones.
11. During puberty, describe the 5 things that change in the development of the female
sex characteristics.
a. _________________
b. _________________
c. _________________
d. _________________
e. _________________
12. Estradiol stimulates the growth of the ______________ or lining of the uterus.
13. A ruptured follicle is called a _______ ________.
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14. ______________ is the hormone secreted by the corpus luteum.
15. ____________ is a male hormone secreted by cells around the follicle that plays a role in
female sexual drive.
16. There is an open space at the end of the fallopian tube that connects to the ___________
cavity.
17. ___________ are moving, fingerlike projections at the end of the fallopian tube.
18. The ___________ is the funnel-shaped part of the fallopian tube.
19. ____________ is the coordinated contractions of smooth muscle of the fallopian tubes.
20. The fallopian tube is also known as the __________.
21. Together, the ovaries and fallopian tubes are known as the ____________.
22. The broad ligament creates a small pouch, the __________, between the uterus and the
rectum.
23. The normal position of the uterus is tipped anteriorly; this is known as __________.
24. The ___________ is the round, domelike part of the uterus above the fallopian tubes.
25. The body of the uterus is also known as the ________.
26. Fundus is a Latin word that means the part farthest from the ____________.
27. The hollow area inside the uterus is known as the ___________ cavity.
28. The ________ is the neck of the uterus.
29. The opening in the center of the cervix is known as the cervical _______.
30. The cervix projects about ½ inch into the vagina. True/False
31. Name the two layers of the wall of the uterus.
a. _______________
b. _______________
32. The ____________ contains smooth muscle fibers.
33. The ____________ is a mucous membrane that is shed during menstruation.
34. The inside of the vagina is known as the vaginal __________.
IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3 Course Syllabus and Study Guide
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35. The part of the vagina that lies behind the cervix is known as the ________.
36. The elastic membrane at the inferior end of the vagina is the __________.
37. The hymen is sometimes completely absent. True/False
38. Name three things that can tear the hymen.
a. ________________
b. ________________
c. ________________
39. The external opening of the vagina is known as the ________.
40. Describe the three functions of the vagina.
a. _____________
b. _____________
c. _____________
41. Name the five structures of the female external genitalia.
a. _______________
b. _______________
c. _______________
d. _______________
e. _______________
42. The ___________ is an area that includes all of the five structures of the female external
genitalia as well as the urethral meatus and the mons pubis.
43. The founded, fleshy prepped and draped of pubic hair that overlies the pubic bones is known
as the _____ _______.
44. The ________ consist of two sets of lip-shaped structures that partially cover the urethral
meatus and vaginal introitus.
45. The __________ is the organ of sexual response in the female.
46. BUS is the abbreviation for the __________ glands, ____________ glands, and ________
glands that secrete mucus during sexual arousal.
47. The breasts are also known as the ___________ _________.
48. ___________ secreted by the ovaries during puberty causes the breasts to develop.
49. The breasts are composed of what two things?
a. ____________________
b. ____________________
IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3 Course Syllabus and Study Guide
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50. The hormone ___________ from the anterior pituitary gland causes the breasts to produce
milk.
51. The pigmented area around the nipple is known as the _______.
52. The _____________ crease is the skin fold beneath each breast.
NOW PLEASE TYPE YOUR ANSWERS TO THIS LESSON
IN THE SEPARATE FILE NAMED
“IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3,
Study Guide Answer Sheet.”
IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3 Course Syllabus and Study Guide
Copyright IIOM Revised August 2007
14
LESSON 4
Physiology of the Female Reproductive System
Medical Language, pp. 683-696
1. Immature eggs are known as ______________.
2. Name the two hormones that the anterior pituitary gland secretes at the onset of puberty to
stimulate the ovaries.
a. _________________
b. _________________
3. The abbreviation for follicle-stimulating hormone is ______.
4. FSH stimulates the ___________ to produce mature ova.
5. An ovum contains ______ chromosomes.
6. The process of forming a mature ovum is known as __________.
7. A mature ovum, like a spermatozoon, is known as a _________.
8. The abbreviation for luteinizing hormone is _____.
9. LH stimulates a follicle to rupture and release a mature ovum. This process is known as
________________.
10. All the eggs that a woman will ever have were already produced in her ovary while she was
still a fetus. True/False
11. The average age for menarche is _____ years old.
12. A menstrual period is also known as __________.
13. The very first menses or menstrual period is known as ____________.
14. Within the menstrual cycle, days 1-6 are known as the __________ phase.
15. Within the menstrual cycle, days 7-13 are known as the __________ phase.
16. On day 14 of the menstrual cycle, __________ occurs.
17. At the time of ovulation, the basal body temperature decreases sharply. True/False
18. Within the menstrual cycle, days 15-26 are known as the _______ phase.
19. After the ovarian follicle ruptures, it fills with yellow fat and is called the _________
_________.
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20. The corpus luteum secretes the hormones __________ and _________.
21. The hormone ____________ causes the endometrium to become thicker.
22. Within the menstrual cycle, days 27-28 are known as the ___________ phase.
23. When a spermatozoon penetrates the ovum is known as the moment of _____________ or
_____________.
24. The cell has 46 chromosomes and is the result of the union between the spermatozoon and
the ovum is known as a ___________.
25. _____________ begins at the moment of conception.
26. The ovum is nearly ______________ times larger than the spermatozoon.
27. A female’s sex chromosomes consist of two ________ chromosomes.
28. A male’s sex chromosomes consist of an ____ and a ____ chromosome.
29. _________ twins occur when the ovary releases two ova that are fertilized by two different
spermatozoa.
30. __________ twins occur when a developing zygote (already fertilized ovum) splits to create
two identical but separate zygotes.
31. The _________ layer of the fertilized ovum produces the hormone HCG.
32. The _______ is a membrane that surrounds the amniotic cavity.
33. After 4 days of development, the fertilized ovum is known as an ________.
34. After 8 weeks, the embryo is then known as a __________.
35. The chorion develops into a pancake-like structure known as the ___________.
36. The _________ ________ connects the placenta to the fetus.
37. Name 3 things that the umbilical cord brings to the fetus. (p. 686)
a. _________________
b. _________________
c. _________________
38. From the moment of conception to the moment of birth is known as ____________.
39. The average gestational period is ____ months or _____ weeks.
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40. Gestation is divided into three equal sections of time known as __________.
41. For the fetus, the period of time from conception to birth is known as the __________ period.
42. For the mother, the period of time from conception to birth is known as __________.
43. The fetus swallows amniotic fluid daily and excretes it as urine into the amniotic fluid. True/
False
44. Irregular contractions during the last trimester of pregnancy are known as false labor or
________ _________ contractions.
45. The hormone _________ produced by the placenta keeps labor from starting.
46. There is a thick mucus plug in the cervical os during pregnancy to keep out
________.
47. The process of the fetal head dropping into the birth position in the mother’s pelvis is known
as __________ or lightening.
48. The __________ part is the part of the fetus’ body that will go first through the birth canal.
49. If the head is the presenting part, this is known as a ____________ presentation.
50. __________, a hormone from the posterior pituitary gland, causes the uterus to begin
contracting in labor.
51. The process of labor and childbirth is known as _________.
52. Widening of the cervical os during labor is known as _________.
53. Thinning of the cervical wall during labor is known as ____________.
54. The cervix is completed dilated when it reaches _____ cm.
55. ___________ is when the top of the baby’s head is visible at the vaginal introitus.
56. The placenta is delivered during the _______ stage of labor.
57. The hormone ___________ causes the uterus to contract to stop blood flow from the raw
surfaces where the placenta pulled away.
58. For the newborn, the period of time after birth is known as the ____________ period.
59. For the mother, the period of time after birth is known as __________.
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60. _____________ is the process of the uterus gradually shrinking in size after delivery.
61. Small amounts of blood and tissue discharge from the uterus after deliver are known as
__________.
62. _____________ is the production of breast milk by the mammary glands and delivery.
63. The hormone ___________ causes the breasts to release milk for breastfeeding whenever the
baby cries or sucks.
64. The first milk produced by the breasts is known as _____________.
65. Colostrum contains ____________ that give the baby passive immunity to common diseases
that the mother has already had.
66. A newborn born between 38 and 42 weeks’ gestation is a ______ ___________.
67. The skin of the neonate is covered with a thick cheesy substance known as
_________ __________.
68. ___________ is a reshaping and elongating of the baby’s skull as it goes through the birth
canal.
69. The medical name for the “soft spot” on the top of the baby’s head is the __________
________.
70. A temporary bluish discoloration of the baby’s head, hands, and feet after delivery is known
as ____________.
71. The greenish-black, thick, first stool of the baby is known as __________.
NOW PLEASE TYPE YOUR ANSWERS TO THIS LESSON
IN THE SEPARATE FILE NAMED
“IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3,
Study Guide Answer Sheet.”
IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3 Course Syllabus and Study Guide
Copyright IIOM Revised August 2007
18
LESSON 5
Anatomy of the Endocrine System
Medical Language, pp. 750-762
1. ___________ is the medical specialty that studies the anatomy and physiology of the
endocrine system and uses diagnostic tests, medical and surgical procedures, and drugs to treat
endocrine system diseases.
2. The endocrine system consists of _________ in different parts of the body that are not
physically connected to each other.
3. List the 10 glands of the endocrine system.
a. _____________________
b. _____________________
c. _____________________
d. _____________________
e. _____________________
f. _____________________
g. _____________________
h. _____________________
i. _____________________
j. _____________________
4. The glands of the endocrine system all release ___________.
5. The glands of the endocrine system release hormones through ducts. True/False
6. ___________ is a state of equilibrium of the internal environment of the body.
7. Homeostasis involves regulating what 4 things.
a. _____________
b. _____________
c. _____________
d. _____________
8. The ____________ is located in the brain just below the thalamus.
9. The hypothalamus is part of both the _________ system and the _________ system.
10. The hypothalamus secretes substances that stimulate or inhibit the secretion of hormones
from the _______ ________ gland.
11. Name the two hormones that the hypothalamus also produces.
a. ___________________
b. ___________________
12. These two hormones are stored in the ________ ___________ gland.
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13. The ___________ gland is at the end of a thin stalk of tissue extending from the
hypothalamus.
14. The pituitary gland sits in the bony cup known as the ______ _________.
15. The pituitary gland is known as the _________ gland of the body.
16. The anterior pituitary gland is also called the ____________.
17. The posterior pituitary gland is also called the __________.
18. Name the 7 hormones produced by the anterior pituitary gland.
a. _________________
b. _________________
c. _________________
d. _________________
e. _________________
f. _________________
g. _________________
19. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulates the _________ gland.
20. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates the _________ of the ovary.
21. Describe the three actions of luteinizing hormone (LH).
a. ________________
b. ________________
c. ________________
22. _____________ stimulates the production of milk during breastfeeding.
23. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulates the ______________ of the adrenal gland.
24. Growth hormone (GH) stimulates _________ growth and _____ synthesis.
25. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) is not normally produced in adults.
True/False
26. Name the 2 hormones released by the posterior pituitary gland.
a. _________________
b. _________________
27. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) causes _________ and _________ to be reabsorbed from the
kidneys back into the blood.
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28. Oxytocin stimulates the pregnant uterus to contract and begin _________ and causes the
breasts to release _________ when the baby cries or sucks.
29. The ________ gland secretes the hormone melatonin.
30. Melatonin regulates the body’s internal clock or ____________ rhythm.
31. The thyroid gland has two __________ connected by a bridge of tissue known as the
__________.
32. The thyroid gland is located in the __________ across the surface of the trachea.
33. The thyroid gland secretes T3, also known as ________________.
34. The thyroid gland secretes T4, also known as ______________.
35. The thyroid gland secretes ___________ that regulates the amount of calcium in the blood.
36. ___________ is a steady state when the thyroid gland produces neither too much nor too
little thyroid hormones.
37. The __________ glands are four tiny glands on the posterior side of the thyroid gland.
38. Parathyroid hormone regulates the amount of _____________ in the blood.
39. The ________ gland is a small gland in the thoracic cavity behind the sternum.
40. During childhood, the thymus gland is small, but it grows larger during adulthood.
True/False
41. The thymus gland secretes ____________ and also functions as part of the immune system.
42. The ___________ is a triangular endocrine gland located behind the stomach.
43. The pancreas functions as a part of both the ___________and ____________ systems.
44. Name the three hormones secreted by the pancreas.
a. ___________________
b. ___________________
c. ___________________
45. ____________ is secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas.
46. Glucagon breaks down __________, glucose stored in the liver to raise blood sugar levels.
47. __________ is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas.
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48. Insulin transports __________ to the cell where it is metabolized.
49. __________ is secreted by the delta cells of the pancreas.
50. What 3 hormones does somatostatin inhibit?
a. __________________
b. __________________
c. __________________
51. The _________ glands are located on top of each of the kidneys.
52. The outer layer of the adrenal gland is known as the _________.
53. The inner layer of the adrenal gland is known as the _________.
54. Name the three hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex.
a. __________________
b. __________________
c. __________________
55. Aldosterone belongs to the group of hormones known as ______________ that regulate the
balance of minerals in the blood.
56. Cortisol belongs to the group of hormones known as ______________ that break down
stored glycogen, decrease the formation of proteins, and have an anti-inflammatory effect.
57. Androgens are ________ hormones.
58. Name the two hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla.
a. ________________
b. ________________
59. Epinephrine is a neurotransmitter for the ____________ nervous system.
60. Norepinephrine is a neurotransmitter for the ___________ nervous system.
61. The follicles of the ovary produce and secrete the hormone __________ when stimulated by
FSH from the anterior pituitary gland.
62. The corpus luteum produces and secretes estradiol and ___________ when stimulated by
LH from the anterior pituitary gland.
63. The testes produce the hormone ______________, the most abundant and biologically active
of all the androgens.
IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3 Course Syllabus and Study Guide
Copyright IIOM Revised August 2007
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LESSON 6
Physiology of the Endocrine System
Medical Language, pp. 762-767
1. The endocrine system uses ___________ as chemical messengers.
2. ____________ are on areas on a gland or organ where a hormone can bind.
3. The action of hormones is either __________ or ___________.
4. Some hormones stimulate a gland to release its own hormones. True/False
5. When two hormones work in conjunction with each other, this is known as
_____________.
6. When two hormones work against each other and have opposite effects, this is known as
___________.
7. What three hormones are responsible for increasing blood glucose?
a. ________________
b. ________________
c. ________________
8. What one hormone is responsible for decreasing blood glucose? ___________
9. What hormone is responsible for increasing blood calcium? ____________
10. What hormone is responsible for decreasing blood calcium? ___________
NOW PLEASE TYPE YOUR ANSWERS TO THIS LESSON
IN THE SEPARATE FILE NAMED
“IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3,
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LESSON 7
Anatomy of the Eye
Medical Language, pp. 804-813
1. ___________ is the medical specialty that studies the anatomy and physiology of the eye and
uses diagnostic tests, medical and surgical procedures, and drugs to treat eye diseases.
2. Another name for an eyeball is an _______ _______.
3. The __________ is the bony socket in the anterior cranium that holds the eyeball.
4. The walls of the orbit are made up of several different cranial and facial bones.
True/False
5. The ___________ glands or ___________ glands at the edge of the eyelid secrete oil.
6. The red, triangular tissue at the medial corner of the eye is called the ____________.
7. The _____________ is a delicate, transparent mucous membrane that covers the inner eyelids
and the anterior surface of the eye.
8. The tough, fibrous connective tissue that is the outer layer of the eyeball is the white of the eye
is called the _________.
9. The muscles that move the eye are attached to the sclera. True/False
10. The area where the sclera becomes translucent at the anterior of the eye is called the
__________.
11. The __________ is the transitional area between the white sclera and the clear cornea.
12. The cornea contains no blood vessels. True/False
13. The cornea receives the oxygen and nutrients its needs from __________ that flow across the
surface of the eye and _________ __________ that flows beneath it in the anterior chamber.
14. The cornea does have nerves and is very sensitive. True/False
15. The __________ is a circled of colored tissue beneath the cornea.
16. The ____________ is an opening in the center of the iris.
17. When the muscles of the iris constrict and the pupil becomes smaller in bright light, this is
known as __________.
18. Eye color is a ____________ determined trait.
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19. At birth, all baby’s eyes appear slate gray to blue because of a lack of the brown pigment
_________ in the iris.
20. The ____________ gland continuously produces and releases tears.
21. Tears contain an antibacterial enzyme to prevent bacterial infections. True/False
22. The __________ is a spongy membrane of blood vessels that lies beneath the sclera.
23. The ______ __________ contains ligaments that hold the lens of the eye in place and
muscles that change the shape of the lens.
24. The ______ is a collective word that includes the iris, choroids, and ciliary body.
25. The ________ of the eye is made of transparent protein molecules.
26. The small area between the cornea and the iris is known as the __________ chamber.
27. The _______ forms a dividing wall between the anterior chamber and the posterior chamber.
28. The anterior and posterior chambers are filled with a clear, watery fluid known as _________
__________.
29. Aqueous humor is continuously produced by the ________ ________.
30. The ___________ __________ is an area of fibers located where the edges of the iris and
cornea meet.
31. The ___________ cavity is located between the lens and the back of the eye.
32. The posterior cavity is filled with a gel-like substance known as ________ __________.
33. The ___________ lines the walls of the posterior cavity of the eyeball.
34. The _______ _______ is a bright yellow-white circle on the side of the retina closest to the
nose.
35. The optic nerve, cranial nerve ____, enters the eye at the optic disk.
36. The optic disk does not produce any visual images and is known as the blind spot.
True/False
37. The ____________ is a dark yellow-orange area on the retina.
38. The center of the macula is known as the ________, and it is the area of greatest visual
acuity.
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39. The _________ of the eye is the part farthest away from the opening (pupil) and so it means
the retina.
40. The ___________ muscles control the movements of the eyeball.
41. The word rectus in the name of an eye muscle means ___________.
42. The superior rectus muscle turns the eyeball _____________.
NOW PLEASE TYPE YOUR ANSWERS TO THIS LESSON
IN THE SEPARATE FILE NAMED
“IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3,
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LESSON 8
Physiology of the Eye
Medical Language, pp. 814-818
1. Light rays from an object are bent by the ___________ to begin to focus them.
2. Muscles in the _______ _______ contract or relax ligaments attached to the lens to focus the
light rays more.
3. Name the two types of light-sensitive cells in the retina.
a. _____________
b. _____________
4. Rods are active during the day and nighttime vision and detect _______ and _______.
5. Cones are sensitive to _________.
6. Name the three types of cones.
a. _________________
b. _________________
c. _________________
7. Cones produce a _________ color image that is superimposed on the black-and-white image
created by the rods.
8. When light rays from an object pass through the cornea and the lens and are bent, they are
actually _______ _______ and facing the opposite direction when they touch the retina.
9. An image on the retina is converted to nerve impulses and transmitted to the __________
nerve.
10. The optic nerve is cranial nerve _____.
11. The optic __________ is where parts of the optic nerve from one eye cross over to the other
eye to create three-dimensional vision.
12. The ___________ relays nerve impulses from the optic nerves to the right and left visual
cortex in the brain.
13. The visual cortex is located in the _________ lobe of the cerebrum.
14. The visual cortex turns the image right side up and faces it in the original direction.
True/False
NOW PLEASE TYPE YOUR ANSWERS TO THIS LESSON
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LESSON 9
Anatomy of the ENT System
Medical Language, pp. 852-863
1. ____________ is the medical specialty that studies the anatomy and physiology of the ears,
nose, and throat and uses diagnostic tests, medical and surgical procedures, and drugs to treat
ENT diseases.
2. The external ear is known as the ___________ or ___________.
3. The outer rim that forms a “C” for the external ear is known as the _______.
4. The opening of the ear is known as the external auditory __________.
5. The abbreviation EAC stands for ______ ________ ________.
6. The triangular cartilage anterior to the meatus is called the ________.
7. ____________ is the waxy substance secreted by glands in the external auditory canal.
8. The eardrum is known as the _________ ________.
9. The eardrum divides the _______ ear from the __________ ear.
10. The ___________ process is a bony projection of the temporal bone.
11. A normal tympanic membrane has a _______, pearly color and is very thin.
12. The middle ear is located within the _________ bone of the skull.
13. Name the 3 bones in the middle ear.
a. ________________
b. ________________
c. ________________
14. Collectively, these three bones are known as the __________.
15. The malleus can be seen through the tympanic membrane. True/False
16. The stapes fits into a tiny opening in the temporal bone known as the _______ __________.
17. The other opening in the temporal bone is called the _________ _________.
18. The ____________ tube connects the middle ear to the upper throat.
19. The eustachian tube equalizes ______ pressure between the middle ear and the outside of the
body.
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20. Name the two tiny openings in the temporal bone that divides the middle ear from the inner
ear.
a. _______________
b. _______________
21. The _____________ canals are each oriented in a different plane: horizontally, vertically,
and obliquely.
22. The purpose of the semicircular canals is to help you keep your ________________.
23. The _________ relays the frequency and intensity of sound wave vibrations to the brain.
24. The nasal __________ is a vertical wall that divides the nose into right and left sides.
25. The _______ are the external openings or nostrils of the nose.
26. The _______ are three long, bony projections along the walls of the nasal cavity.
27. What is the purpose of the turbinates? _________________
28. The turbinates are also known as the nasal ____________.
29. The mucous membrane continuously produces ________.
30. A ________ is a hollow cavity within a cranial or facial bone.
31. Name the four pairs of sinuses.
a. _________________
b. _________________
c. _________________
d. _________________
32. As a group, all of the sinuses are known as the __________ sinuses.
33. The vertical groove in the skin of the upper lip is known as the __________.
34. The ____________ border is the pink-red border around the lips.
35. The chin is also known as the __________.
36. The mouth is also known as the ________ cavity.
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37. Name the 6 structures of the oral cavity.
a. ________________
b. ________________
c. ________________
d. ________________
e. ________________
f. ________________
38. The oral mucosa in the cheek area is known as the ___________ mucosa.
39. The hard ______________ divides the oral cavity from the nasal cavity.
40. Name the 3 bones that make up the hard palate.
a. _______________
b. _______________
c. _______________
41. The _________ is the fleshy, hanging part of the soft palate.
42. ____________ lymph nodes are located under the chin.
43. Each end of the mandible is attached to the temporal bone at the ________________ joint.
44. The throat is also known as the ___________.
45. The part of the upper throat just after the nasal cavity is known as the _______________.
46. The pharyngeal tonsil is a collection of lymphoid tissue commonly known as the
__________.
47. The middle portion of the throat near the oral cavity is known as the _____________.
48. The _________ tonsils are collections of lymphoid tissue on either side of the throat where
the soft palate arches downward.
49. The __________ begins at the base of the tongue and ends at the entrance to the esophagus
and larynx.
50. The hypopharynx contains the _____________ tonsils at the base of the tongue.
51. The tonsils and adenoids are part of the _____________ system and they function in the
____________ response.
52. The _____________ is also known as the voice box.
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53. The cartilage of the larynx or Adam’s apple can be seen on the anterior neck and is known as
the _________ __________.
54. The ___________ is a lidlike structure that keeps food from entering the larynx and
lungs.
55. The _________ is a V-shaped structure of mucous membranes, ligaments and the vocal
cords.
NOW PLEASE TYPE YOUR ANSWERS TO THIS LESSON
IN THE SEPARATE FILE NAMED
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LESSON 10 Physiology of the ENT System
Medical Language, pp. 864-868
1. Sound that reaches the tympanic membrane are converted from waves to ___________
motion.
2. As it moves, the tympanic membrane first moves the ____________ bone of the middle ear.
3. Within the ______, tiny hairs detect different frequencies of sound.
4. The ___________ nerve is cranial nerve VIII.
5. The auditory cortex is in the ____________ lobe of the brain.
6. The ____________ window acts as a safety valve and it will bulge from sound vibrations.
NOW PLEASE TYPE YOUR ANSWERS TO THIS LESSON
IN THE SEPARATE FILE NAMED
“IIOM 63 Anatomy and Physiology, Part 3,
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FINAL EXAMINATION FOR THIS COURSE
When your IIOM mentor receives your Study Guide Answer Sheet and verifies that you
correctly completed all of the answers to the Study Guide, your mentor will e-mail you the Final
Examination and the Final Examination Answer Sheet for this course.
Please note: The Final Examination is a read-only PDF file. The Final Examination Answer
Sheet is a Microsoft Word document that you will modify with your answers and then save it.
As you study for the Final Examination, review the course material thoroughly. Be sure you
understand underlying principles as well as specific details. Review all of the
Study Guide questions and answers.
The Final Examination for this course is a combination of multiple-choice, true/false, and
fill-in-the-blank questions that cover the material presented in course textbook and course
materials. The Final Examination for this course contains no more than 50 questions.
The Final Examination is an open-book, untimed test. You may use your course textbook and
all of your course materials.
In order to pass this course, you need to obtain a score of 85% or above on the Final
Examination.
For example, if the Final Examination contains 50 questions, that means you need to
answer 43 of the 50 questions correctly to achieve a grade of 85%.
For each numbered item on the Final Examination, identify the one answer that best completes
the statement or answers the question. Your answers should be based on the textbook, not your
personal viewpoint.
At the bottom of the Final Examination Answer Sheet, is a statement that you must sign and date
to certify that the Final Examination answers that you submit are your own work.
When you have finished the Final Examination, be sure to save this computer file. Then send an
e-mail to your IIOM mentor with the completed Final Examination Answer Sheet file as an
attachment to your e-mail.
Your mentor will grade your Final Examination and notify you of the results in a timely manner.
If you receive a grade of 85% or above on the Final Examination, you will have successfully
completed the course. If you receive a grade that is lower than 85%, your mentor will notify you
and advise you to study the course material again and retake the Final Examination. You may not
retake the Final Examination any sooner than 2 weeks after you receive notification of your
grade.
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