18
Feedstuffs, June 2, 2014
Nutrition & Health: Swine
Dietary nucleotides
1. Trial 1 results (August-September 2012)
Feeding sows an autolyzed yeast with hydrolyzed RNA
may improve their reproduction as well as the health
and performance of offspring.
By MELINA BONATO, LUIZ A.
VITAGLIANO, TROY LOHRMANN
and JIM BRYTE*
F
REE nucleotides and
nucleosides are produced by
specific enzymes from RNA
and nucleic acids (hydrolyzed
by proteases and nucleases) in
autolyzed molasses yeast (Hilyses, by
ICC, Sao Paulo, Brazil; distributed in
North America by Quality Technology
International Inc.).
This product provides several
highly digestible components in one
product — namely, peptides (about
38%), beta-glucans (about 22%),
mannan oligosaccharides (about
12%), RNA nucleotides (about 6%),
glutamine (about 5%), inositol and
B vitamins. These cell wall and
cytoplasmic fractions have several
dietary modes of action involving
feed palatability enhancement,
immune modulation, pathogen
reduction, mycotoxin binding and
growth and maturity of intestinal
epithelial cells.
Resulting benefits typically
observed from dietary autolyzed
yeast with hydrolyzed RNA are
improved health status, heavier
bodyweights and better feed
utilization in pigs and reproduction
benefits in gestating and lactating
sows.
This product is heat stable through
steam pelleting and extrusion, has a
long shelf life and is recommended
at levels of 0.25-1.25% in swine diets
during reproduction, in the nursery
phase and occasionally during times
of nutritional or environmental
stress. It may be used alone or in
combination with antibiotics.
This article describes two sow
lactation dose-response trials using
this autolyzed yeast with hydrolyzed
RNA product to determine the
Parameter
Initial piglets/sow1
Initial piglet weight, lb.1
Initial litter weight, lb.1
Number of pigs weaned
Pig weaning weight, lb.
Litter weaning weight, lb.
Litter weight gain, lb.
Mortality, %
Milk production, total lb.
Sow feed intake, lb.
optimum dose(s) and to provide
results so producers may assess
its potential value in their own
operations.
Trial design
Contract research trials were
conducted at Ianni Agropecuaria in
Itu, Sao Paulo, by L.A. Vitagliano, in
cooperation with L.F. Araujo at the
University of Sao Paulo and M.A.
Bonato, R.L.C. Barbalho and G.D.
Santos with ICC Brazil.
Each trial was conducted with
80 sows (Agroceres PIC) using four
dietary treatments to show doseresponses. Trial 1 used 0%, 1.25%,
2.50% or 5.00% of the autolyzed yeast
product, and trial 2 used 0%, 0.4%,
0.8% or 1.2% of the autolyzed yeast
product.
Each trial used completely
randomized designs for the four
treatments, with 20 sows per
treatment. The sows were fed
experimental diets starting three days
before farrowing — when the sows
were transferred to the maternity
unit — until piglets were weaned
at 21 days of age. The number of
piglets per sow and piglet weights
were adjusted (equalized) at birth.
Milk production (total pounds) was
estimated using the ratio of 1 lb. of
piglet weight to 4 lb. of milk.
In trial 2, samples of colostrum and
milk at 11 and 20 days of lactation
were collected for laboratory analysis
of RNA (mg/mL milk).
Trial 1 results
In trial 1 (Table 1), feeding diets
supplemented with 1.25-5.00% of the
autolyzed yeast product did not affect
sow weight or weight loss (P > 0.10)
compared to the negative control.
Sow feed intake was highest for the
-----Autolyzed yeast product level, %----0
1.25
2.50
5.00
10.44
10.38
10.35
10.50
3.93
3.86
3.87
3.67
41.03
40.10
4 0.08
38.51
9.75
9.94
9.89
10.02
13.46b
14.48a
13.33b
13.47b
131.2b
144.0a
131.9b
135.0b
90.21c
103.9a
91.82bc
96.50b
6.64b
4.27a
4.44a
4.52a
361.6c
414.5a
368.2c
385.8b
263.2b
306.8a
265.3b
288.3ab
1Parameters
a,b,cMeans
measured after piglet rearrangement.
in a row with the same letter superscript do not differ at P < 0.05.
2. Trial 2 results (March-April 2013)
----Autolyzed yeast product level, %---Parameter
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
Initial piglets/sow1
10.25
10.26
10.75
10.66
Initial piglet weight, lb.1
3.86
3.70
3.79
3.62
Initial litter weight, lb.1
39.55
38.01
40.76
38.54
Number of pigs weaned
9.35c
9.67b
10.20a
10.23a
Pig weaning weight, lb.
13.21
12.92
12.72
12.35
Litter weaning weight, lb.
123.5c
124.9c
129.7a
126.3b
Litter weight gain, lb.
83.93c
86.91b
88.98a
87.74ab
Mortality, %
8.78c
5.74b
5.12ab
4.08a
Milk production, total lb.
335.1b
348.3a
354.9a
350.5a
RNA concentration in sow milk, mg/mL
Colostrum
1.28
1.33
1.51
1.43
Milk, day 11
0.81b
1.09a
1.10a
1.07a
Milk, day 20
0.78b
0.89ab
0.94a
0.95a
Sow feed intake, lb.
280.0
286.6
286.6
291.0
P-value
0.569
0.144
0.263
0.072
0.143
0.063
0.027
0.061
0.042
0.478
0.002
0.100
0.300
1Parameters
measured after piglet rearrangement.
in a row with the same letter superscript do not differ at P < 0.10.
Source for Tables: Vitagliano et al.
a,b,cMeans
1.25% level and lowest for the 0%
and 2.50% levels, with the 5.00% level
being intermediate (P = 0.004).
Trial 1 results showed that feeding
farrowing sows diets supplemented
with 1.25% of the autolyzed yeast
product had a positive effect on
sow milk production per litter (52.9
lb., P = 0.026), which consequently
increased pig weaning weight
(1.02 lb., P = 0.002), litter weight
at weaning (12.8 lb., P = 0.022)
and litter weight gain (13.7 lb., P =
0.035) and reduced mortality of pigs
(-2.37% actual, P = 0.048) relative to
controls.
Source of live
(viable)
naturally-occurring
microbial cultures
Box 77 • Clarksdale, MO 64430
800-894-5396 • Fax: 816-667-5427
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June 2, 2014.indd 18
P-value
0.715
0.052
0.149
0.114
0.002
0.022
0.035
0.048
0.026
0.004
Higher dietary levels of 2.50% and
5.00% gave smaller improvements
in litter weaning weight, litter
weight gain, mortality and sow milk
production than the 1.25% level.
The 1.25% level was found to be the
most beneficial in this trial.
Trial 2 results
In trial 2 (Table 2), supplementing
the diets of farrowing sows with the
autolyzed yeast with hydrolyzed RNA
resulted in no differences (P > 0.05) in
sow weight or feed intake.
The piglets from sows fed diets
supplemented with the autolyzed
yeast product had a greater number
of weaned pigs (P = 0.072), litter
weight at weaning (P = 0.063), litter
weight gain (P = 0.027), mortality
(P = 0.061) and milk production
per sow (P = 0.042) compared with
unsupplemented diets.
There were no differences (P =
0.143) among treatments in individual
pig weights at weaning.
The autolyzed yeast product
supplementation produced no
significant response (P > 0.05) in
the total RNA in colostrum, but the
amount of RNA present in milk at
11 days of lactation significantly
increased (P < 0.002).
Trial 2 results showed that feeding
diets supplemented with 0.4%,
0.8% or 1.2% autolyzed yeast to
farrowing sows had a positive effect
on milk production per litter (16.2
lb., P = 0.042) and the total RNA
concentration in milk (0.499 mg/mL),
which consequently increased the
number of weaned pigs (0.68 pigs,
P = 0.072), litter weight at weaning
(3.51 lb., P = 0.063) and litter weight
gain (3.95 lb., P = 0.027) and reduced
mortality of pigs (-3.80% actual, P =
0.061) relative to negative controls.
The 0.8% level of autolyzed yeast
was found to be optimal in this trial.
5/28/2014 1:36:31 PM