History of Astronomy

Scientific Fact
Or
Science Fiction
Matching Terms
Scientific Theory
A tentative explanation that is
tested to determine if the
explanation is valid
Scientific Fact
A description of what
happens – often expressed
using mathematics
Scientific Law
a well tested and widely
accepted view that explains
certain observable facts
Hypothesis
Accepted or measured
data or observation
Examples
Scientific Theory
Scientific Laws
Theory of Plate Tectonics
F = MA
Scientific Facts
Hypothesis
Pure water boils at
100C at STP
More people prefer cheese
pizza to pepperoni pizza
Hypotheses, Theories,
and Laws, oh my!
A hypothesis (usually) does not become
a theory
Theories NEVER become laws
Laws DESCRIBE
Theories EXPLAIN
Hypothesis
Hypothesis – A tentative explanation
that is tested to determine if the
explanation is valid
To test, you must have a testable question
Testable Questions
Question answered by experimentation
How not why
"How does __A___ affect ___B___?"
A - Independent Variable
B - Dependent Variable
Writing the
Testable Question
Converting non-testable question to a testable
question
Identify possible variables that can be tested
“What If?” Questions
“Is It Possible?” Questions
Comparing Questions
Q. When is a
theory not a theory
A. When you are in science class
Scientific theories have withstood the
tests of time and scientific review
Proving & Disproving
Theories
Theories DO NOT become Laws
Theories cannot be proven
If any part of a theory is disproven, the
theory is no longer valid and must be
either discarded or modified