USHC 5.0 DEMONSTRATE AN UNDERSTANDING OF DOMESTIC
AND FOREIGN DEVELOPMENTS THAT CONTRIBUTED TO THE
EMERGENCE OF THE UNITED STATES AS A WORLD POWER IN
THE 20TH CENTURY
Opening:
Complete pages 185-188
in your Reading Study
Guide. What you do not
complete is for homework!
Closing:
Quiz.
Work Period:
•Latin America and
China Foreign
policies Notes
•President Chart
Activity
Objective
• Summarize United States foreign policies in different
regions of the world.
ACQUIRING NEW LANDS
• The US policy changed
from isolationism to
imperialism
• Based on the need for
new markets
• As a result, the
American policy for
China and Latin
America became more
assertive
FOREIGN INFLUENCE IN CHINA
• China was a vast
potential market for
American products
• Many European
countries had colonized
in China
• They called these
colonies “spheres of
influence”
• The US did not have a
sphere
Foreign
nations were
opening the
door to
China’s trade
• In 1889, John Hay, U.S.
Secretary of State,
issued the Open Door
Policy which outlined his
plan for free trade
among nations in China
• Success was due to
the US relationship
with Great Britain (like
the Monroe Doctrine)
BOXER REBELLION
• Resentment arose in the form
of secret societies determined
to rid China of these “foreign
devils”
• The Boxer’s were a secret
group that rioted in 1900,
killing and vandalizing all
things foreign
• Foreign Troops were called in
to put down this “Boxer
Rebellion”
• The US took the leading
role
AMERICANS PROTECT RIGHTS IN
ASIA
• After the Boxer Rebellion,
John Hay again issued a
series of Open Door Policies
• These policies reflected
American beliefs in:
1. the importance of exports
2. the right of America to
intervene to keep foreign
markets open
3. the belief that America’s
survival depended on
access to foreign markets
LATIN AMERICAN INFLUENCE
• The Treaty of Paris granted full
independence to Cuba
• The U.S signed an agreement
with Cuba known as the Platt
Amendment (1903)
• Key features of “Platt” included
the right of the U.S. to maintain
naval stations on the island and
the right to intervene in Cuban
affairs
• Cuba had become a
“protectorate” of the U.S.
Today the U.S. has a
prison in Guantanamo
Bay, Cuba
THE PANAMA CANAL
• By the early 20th century,
many Americans
understood the
advantages of a canal
through Panama
• It would greatly reduce
travel times for commercial
and military ships by
providing a short cut
between the Atlantic and
Pacific oceans
“The shortcut”
BUILDING THE PANAMA CANAL
1904-1914
• The French had
already
unsuccessfully
attempted to build
a canal through
Panama
• America first had
to help Panama
win their
independence
from Colombia
• Columbia would not accept
the US offer to pay for the
Isthmus of Panama
• US sent gunboats to support
a bloodless revolution
• Leader of the revolt signed a
treaty to give exclusive rights
to build a canal to the US
• Alienated the Columbians and
gave the US a foothold in
Central America
• Eventually the
Panamanians resented the
American presence
This view, provided by NASA, shows the thin blue line
(canal) cutting across the middle of Panama
Almost 1,000,000 ships have passed through the canal,
which became sole property of Panama in the year 2000
TEDDY ROOSEVELT
“Big Stick Diplomacy”
• Monroe Doctrine (1823)
• Roosevelt Corollary – the
U.S. would use force to
protect its economic
interests in Latin America
• The US intervened in
several Central American
countries by taking over
custom houses and
collecting taxes to pay
trade debts owed to
European nations
• Sent the Great White Fleet
on a trip around the world
to show off American’s
naval superiority
HOWARD TAFT
“Dollar Diplomacy”
• American businessmen
loaned money to Latin
countries
• Guaranteed by the U.S.
government
• Justified keeping
European powers out of
the Caribbean
WOODROW WILSON
“Moral Diplomacy”
• U.S. moral responsibility
• Denied recognition of
any Latin American
government it viewed as:
• Oppressive
• Undemocratic
• Hostile to U.S. interests
MORAL DIPLOMACY
Civil War in Mexico
• Peasants v. Landowners
• Pancho Villa (Anti-U.S.
revolutionary)
• Killed 19 people in New Mexico
• Wilson sent 15,000 troops
• Wanted to “teach Mexicans to
elect good men”
• Protect American businesses in
the Western Hemisphere
• Distracted by start of WWI
Activity
T. Roosevelt
Name of policy
Dealt with
economic
interests?
(Yes or No)
Other
characteristics
Taft
Wilson
Assessment
Quiz time!