Revision Help: ICT Exam 2016
PART 1
In a Doctor’s Practice they employ staff to deal with the day-to-day running. Computers are used on a regular basis.
If an emergency call comes in and the practice is closed, the practice employs a telephone operator to send calls and messages to the
doctor that is on call that night.
If a new person wants to use the practice they must register by filling in a new patient form on paper. This allows the practice to track
people’s medical history.
The information on the form is then added to a computer database.
All the patient data has to be securely stored by the practice.
The database with all the records is backed up every night to an external hard drive.
All the computers at the practice have anti-virus software that gets updated automatically.
The practice uses its broadband connection to provide WiFi access to patients while they are waiting.
PART 2
All new doctors at the practice are given a laptop. The laptop is used to access patient records when they are patient houses.
Doctors has to use a strong password because of the data held on the laptops, within the database. They also have a plugin USB stick
that has a security key on it that must be plugged into the laptop before it can be used.
She also has anti-virus software on the laptop.
Once a month the laptop has to be returned to the office to be checked for any issues (virus’, spyware, Trojans, malware, scareware)
and routinely checked with system tools (disk check, defrag, scan disk, OS updates).
Doctors have been asked to suggest any improvements to make the practice run more efficiently. One suggestion was to create an
online form to fill in rather than a paper one for new patients.
Input and Output Devices
How could the Doctor’s Practice add the new patient form to their database?
Scanner
OMR
Reader
What are these?
Name different types of input and output devices that could be used by the
office staff at the practice? Add them to the diagram below
1. Why do doctors need a laptop while
travelling to patients houses?
2. What are the advantages of using a
laptop?
Types of Computer
Desktop Computer
Good
Bad
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Comfortable and easy to use, because
of having a separate large screen, big
keyboard and mouse
Fast to process information
Robust
Lots of extra devices can be attached
easily (camera, scanner, printer)
Large capacity to store data, such as
image files and documents
Wired to the network (Ethernet cable)
so files in the office or the on the
internet can be accessed quickly
No battery, so relies on a constant power supply
Not portable
Laptop Computer
Good
Bad
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Portable, so can be carried around easily
and taken home to work
Battery can be used when there is not
electricity supply
WiFi (Wireless). No wires to get tangled
Slower to process information
Less storage space for files
Fragile; dropping them hurts them!
Keyboard not as good as a desktop keyboard to
type with.
Laptop:
Good – Portable (easy to carry). Can run for a short time on battery. Convenient to work
with when out of the office. Has lots of built-in devices (Camera, WiFi, Speakers,
Microphone).
Bad – Fragile (break if dropped or not handled carefully). Can lose the information if not
backed-up regularly. If it is used on lots of different networks, you could be exposed to more
virus’, depending on how secure the network is .
microphone
INPUT
WEBCAM
INPUT
SCREEN OUTPUT
(INPUT
ALSO IF TOUCHSCREEN)
KEYBOARD
INPUT
SPEAKERS
OUTPUT
TOUCHPAD
INPUT
Connecting to a network (work or home)
To use the Internet you must first connect your device to a network that will allow you to access the Internet
WIRED OPTIONS
VIA ETHERNET CABLE
WIRELESS OPTIONS
VIA WIRELESS DEVICE/3G OR 4G
PROS
CONS
PROS
CONS
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Secure
Fast
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Requires a connection to
a router with a suitable
connection
Requires a cable, so can
break
Widely available
Fast
Convenient
Possible poor connection
No mobile signal
Might not be secure (open)
Could require a security key
(WEP, WPA)
What ways can you connect to a computer networks?
What is WEP and WPA2, which is most secure and why?
Why is important to have security when connecting to a network? What might happen?
What will the doctor need when they try to access WiFi from different locations?
Should the doctor access unsecure connections? Explain your answer.
What are the likely issues of connecting to a patients WiFi?
What should the doctor ensure is in place if they have to connect to unsecure networks?
Anti Virus
1. What is Anti Virus software?
2. What sort of things could happen to the computer if it is infected?
3. What could happen if the software is out of date?
How would an online form, Booking Forms
like below, help the doctors
practice?
Check Box
An internet form can be used for many
things. You can use it for making
bookings, adding your details to a
database or sending information to a
website
Radio
Button
1.
2.
Drop down menu3.
or list
A FREE TEXT BOX would be needed to
add names and addresses and other
personal details.
Why would an online form
speed up the registration
process for new patients at
the doctors practice?
Name 3 advantages of using
an online form instead of a
paper copy (example your
answer for top marks)
Name 3 dis advantages of
using an online form instead
of a paper copy (example
your answer for top marks)
It’s good to have the above features as
it stops people making mistakes when
filling them in and saves time. People
don’t have to spend time adding paper
copies to a database.
Databases:
A database is used to keep track of information on a computer. A company
might keep your details to contact you.
Information
FIELDS
UNIQUE KEY
FIELD
Customer
RECORDS
1. Why is a database
useful?
2. How can you avoid
getting duplicate
entries in the
database?
3. Why should the
doctors practice
protect the database
they use?
A DATABASE is useful because:
• You can SEARCH for information easily
• You can FILTER information, so you only see the bits you want to see
• You can give a UNIQUE KEY FIELD, so there is no confusion between
people or things in your DATABASE
Looking after patient data
Why is it important to look
after the patient data?
What could happen if the
rules aren’t followed?
DIARY MANAGEMENT FOR THE DOCTORS AND STAFF
SHARED CALENDARS
Diary Management Software (DMS) is a type of software that can be used to organise a person or
several people (a company). People in the office can add information to a Doctors calendar to inform
them what they need to do (Patient visits, meetings/appointments etc.)
What is it and what can you do with it?
• An electronic calendar showing days, weeks, months.
• Information such as appointments/meetings can be added to the days/week/months
• These appointments can be shared with other people so they know where you are
and what you are doing
• You can have several calendars (work, personal), so you can separate your work life
and social life
• You can set alarms (notifications) to remind you about things
• You can organise meetings and invite other people who use the same calendar
(shared company calendar)
• Synchronising with a phone or laptop keeps the Doctor constantly up to date with
appointments
PERSONAL TIME BLOCKS/HOLIDAYS
BANK HOLIDAYS
CLIENT SHOOTS
TRAVEL TIME
ONLINE CALENDAR
EDITING TIME BLOCKS/ADMIN
1. What are the advantages of
doctors who are on call using a
shared calendar?
Transferring Data
Email:
Is widely available and cheap to use. It is good for a small number of small files.
Cloud/File sharing website:
Is also widely available and good for sharing large files. It can take a long time to send large
files from a computer to a suitable website, where the files are to be shared. The speed of
the connection from the computer to the website you are sending to is key to the speed of
this process.
Connecting to a network (work or home)
To use the Internet you must first connect your device to a network that will allow you to access the Internet
WIRED OPTIONS
VIA ETHERNET CABLE
WIRELESS OPTIONS
VIA WIRELESS DEVICE/3G OR 4G
PROS
CONS
PROS
CONS
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Secure
Fast
•
Requires a connection to
a router with a suitable
connection
Requires a cable, so can
break
Widely available
Fast
Convenient
Possible poor connection
No mobile signal
Might not be secure (open)
Could require a security key
(WEP, WPA)
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/ict/databases/6datasecurityrev1.shtml
Passwords and Usernames
1. .Why do we use ‘Usernames’
when logging into a computer?
2. Why is security important on
the doctors laptops? What
could happen if the
information is lost or stolen
3. The ‘Data Protection Act 1988’
is in place to protect data held
by companies about people.
Name some parts of it that the
doctors practice need to
ensure they follow.
https://www.youtube.com/v/oOZIWxKnyVU
Other security on a laptop\desktop
1. USB security key, what
is it?
2. Suggest an advantage
and disadvantage of
using a USB security
key alongside a
username and
password.
1. The doctors practice use a ‘Desktop Hard Drive’ to backup their office work, what else
Could they use to back up the information on that for extra security, and why?
https://www.commoncraft.com/video/cloud-computing
System Tools
These are built in tools that computer systems have to keep the computer running
smoothly.
Scan Disk\Disc Scan – this checks the PC for any issues that might make it run slowly.
It could help speed the machine up
Disk Defragment – doing this organises the file table on the machine and should
speed the machine up a little more.
Performance Monitor – shows you how various parts of the PC are running and
whether there is an issue that needs to be fixed. Memory usage, Processor usage
and how much memory\processor programs are using.
Anti-Virus – Scans the machine on a regular basis for possible virus. Needs updating
regularly to ensure it is up to date so all new virus’ are detected and fixed.
Spyware\Malware Scanner – software that can find and fix issues such as ‘pop-ups’
and annoying messages\programs that have been installed on your machine without
permission, which could lead to your information being stolen. Again, this needs to
be up to date or it might not find new issues.