The Cold War
Dates covered:
to:
Dates, big ideas, connections to other events,
inferences, opinions, questions, reactions,
significance,:
Lecture Topic:
Name:__________________________________ Date:___________
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D-Day & Iwo Jima
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 Churchill
 Roosevelt
 Stalin
 Decide fate of Germany & occupied Eastern Europe
FDR dies
 Harry Truman Becomes President
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Truman, Stalin, Churchill
Treaty drafts
War Crimes
Germany divided into zones of occupation—U.S., Britain, France, USSR
Truman/Stalin distrust
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Why did Truman decide to drop the Bomb?
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Winston Churchill ‘s speech
Fulton, Missouri
Recognition of reality of Soviet takeover of Eastern Europe
Warning of dangers of Spread of Communism
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Response to Greek Civil War & Communist Activity in Turkey
Promised U.S. support for Anti-Communist forces
Greek Communist withdrew to Yugoslavia
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George Kennan
Soviet Union would threaten its neighbors as long as there was a power
vacuum
Use counterforce to stop spread of Communism
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 HUAC: House Un-American Activities Committee began to investigate
 Federal government
 Hollywood 10
 Universities
 Creation of CIA
The Marshall Plan
 12 billion in aid to build & stabilize Europe
Prague Coup
Why was this significant?
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Soviet Union tries to force allies out of West Berlin by closing Roads &
RR
U.S. response to airlift all supplies
Why did Stalin want the the U.S., Great Britain, & France out of Berlin?
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What does NATO stand for?
 What is the relevance of NATO for Fort Riley?
Communist Revolution in China
 Mao Tse Dung
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 The Rosenbergs
 Do you think Ethel should have been executed?
The Red Scare
 ____________________
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HUAC
Hollywood 10
What caused McCarthy’s downfall?
How are the Red Scares of the 1920’s & 1950’s similar?
How are they different?
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Limited Warfare (What does this mean?)
Truman fired MacArthur—wanted to invade China
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Hydrogen Bomb
Death of Stalin
brinkmanship
John Foster Dulles
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John Foster Dulles
“The ability to get to the verge without getting into war is a necessary
art.”
 Build up of Civil Defense Activities
Operation Duck & Cover
 What was the purpose of this program?
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What does this tell us about American understanding of nuclear
weapons?
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Dien Bien Phu
Why is this significant?
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Attacked Stalin
False Hope of Freedom
Poznan Revolt & massacre
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Eastern Europe Rebels against Communism
Soviet Invasions put down revolts
NATO stayed out
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 Laika
 Yuri Gagarin
Castro Comes to Power in Cuba
 overthrows Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista
U2 Spy Incident
 American Pilot Gary Powers tried as spy by Russians
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Why is this election a turning point in history?
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Cold War: Flexible Response
Peace Corps – sent American volunteers to work for two years in
developing countries.
Alliance for Progress – economic aid to Latin America. Offered billions
of dollars in aid to participating countries.
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Yuri Gargarin
Alan Shepard
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This made the United States look “like fools to our friends, rascals to our
enemies, and incompetants to the rest.”
 During Eisenhower’s administration the CIA had developed a plan for
overthrowing Castro.
 The CIA was training anti-Cuban refugees to invade Cuba.
 The invasion was okayed by Kennedy
 1500 rebels were quickly pinned down at the Bay of Pigs
 Cuban military forces crushed the invasion in 72 and took 1200
prisoners.
Kennedy and Khrushchev
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 Built to stop East Germans from fleeing Communism
 Force Americans Out of East Berlin
 What is the significance of this event?
Missiles of October: 13 days in October 1962
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CIA officials monitored Soviet arms buildup in Cuba.
U-2 flights over the island revealed existence of ballistic-missile
launching pads.
 October 22 Kennedy appeared on national television to announce that
any armed ships bound for Cuba would be forcibly turned back by the
U.S. Navy.
 He also demanded that the Soviet remove the missiles
Executive Committee & United Nations
 What role did each of these play in the crisis?
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Stalemate ended when Bobby Kennedy & Soviet Ambassador Dobrynin
met.
 “We’re eyeball to eyeball,” said Secretary of State Dean Rusk, “and I
think the other fellow just blinked.”
 On October 28 Khrushchev agreed to dismantle the missile bases in
response to Kennedy’s promise not to invade Cuba.
 Kennedy also secretly agreed to remove U.S. missiles from Turkey.
After Effects
 ______ Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
 Hot line – teletype line enabling the leaders of the two countries to
communicate directly during a crisis.
 Kennedy Visits Berlin
Vietnam
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After fall of France in June 1940, Japan invaded Indochina
French Colonial Gov’t Cooperated with Japanese (Vichy France)
Ho Chi Minh led Nationalist forces against Japanese
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U.S. provided him with aid
At end of War, France took back Indochina
Vietnamese resistance to French rule
French Defeated in Indochina: Dien Bien Phu
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th
Vietnam divided along 17 parallel, pending nationwide elections ‘55
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 Ngo Diem Diem, South Vietnam, rejected nationwide elections
 Eisenhower provided military aid to Diem
 Ho Chi Minh accepted Soviet aid
Viet Cong
 National Liberation Front established in North Vietnam (Viet Cong)
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JFK sent military advisors to Vietnam
Diem repression of Buddhism
Buddhist anti-government demonstrations
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JFK approved S.V. generals plan to stage coup
Generals Assassinate Diem & his brother Nhu
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Who killed Kennedy?
Why is the assassination still a controversy?
LBJ became President?
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 USS Maddox fired on by North Vietnamese in Gulf of Tonkin?
 U.S. troops openly involved in Vietnam
Krushchev Expelled
 Brezhnev became Communist Party General Secretary
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Election of 1964 centered on Cold War
Why is the “Daisy” commercial controversial?
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Why didn’t this tactic work?
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What did each of these do?
Why was their use controversial?
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Middle East Crisis
Beginning of Palestinian Refugee Problem, because…
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 Turning Point In Vietnam War
 Johnson Decided not to run for re-election
Year of Student Protests
 United States
 France
 Czechoslovakia
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Assassination of Robert Kennedy
Hubert Humphrey Democratic Candidate
Richard Nixon Republican Candidate
Nixon Promised Peace with Honor
Apollo 11
 Neil Armstrong became 1st man on Moon
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Nixon bombed Cambodia
Student protests increase
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Henry Kissinger began secret talks with Vietnam
Nixon bombed Hanoi & Haiphong
My Lai Massacre
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 increased diplomatic, commercial, and cultural contact
 to reduce tensions through negotiations
Ping-Pong Diplomacy
 Nixon visited China
Salt I
 Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
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73 - U.S. withdrawl from Vietnam
75 – End of War in Vietnam
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 Khmer Rouge genocide in Cambodia
 How does the U.S. share in the responsibility for this event?
U.S. Soviet Cooperation in Space
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 Signed by leaders of 35 countries including U.S. & U.S.S.R.
 Recognition of Basic Human Rights
Cold War Resumes
 Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan
 U.S. Embassy Personnel Held Hostage In Iran
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Lech Walesa led strike in Gdansk Shipyard, Poland
Polish Gov’t permit formation of independent trade union, Solidarity
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Ronald Reagan elected President: Increase Cold War Tensions
Martial Law in Poland: Solidarity Banned
U.S. Sanctions of U.S.S.R. & Poland
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Mikhail Gorbachev allows greater freedom--beginning of collapse of
Communism
Who deserves to get the credit for ending the Cold War: Reagan or Gorbachev?
____________________ > Freedom
 Dissolution of Soviet Union
Yeltsin became 1st elected leader of Russia
Summary: (of important events & their significance)