Downloaded
from http://journals.tums.ac.ir
Sunday,
January 01, 2012
Downloaded from
aud.tums.ac.ir
at 17:58 IRDT on Sundayon
June
18th 2017
"& $% "#
!
.
() '
& '
+,& - * () ' #$%&
"# $
% !
!"
!
(+ "'* $
% !&
& ' % !)
) !(
!(
/0
:* :; < 8 9# /
) 5 - %3 & 45 6* 67 * 2!) ! )
-"1
0 %( ! ) *
/ * - . - , & 21
!
2 $ @ ) @ ! 5 )! & ) * * - . - ,
) 5 & => ?
$@
! I ; ) - ) H.
< G ) 5 6* * - . - , &
(* / F : E D AB4 6A3 B C )! 2
3
"# $
% !
$
! )! 6 G - 6 2
7 P MONLM
C % * /!
&
) @ ! 5 JK - )
2 $@ &
- = A; 6* X * - B> ( U1 < VW < 2= ! * OKNRST ) @ ! 5
Q F0 * - . - , &
( C % 2 !( *
[ : @ \] /= ) Z - B> D)! C % 2= ! * RNLJ RNKK Z ! - B> [ @ J TNLJ Z
/K S (* W) Y (* W)
_: ) :@
: )! : ^ A ! A U1 < 2!) H 7 6* %(+*
Q F0 $ > * - . - , & )! ) @
Z ! - B>
2= ! * 6A5!
/ * - . - ,
)5&
) a 6* !) ! =4* B 6* - 8 9#
* 61 8 9# C
= * ` ( ^ * 2 .! (
2= & *
)5! 5
Z ! # * ) )!
-"1 /
Z ! #/
b)! 2 4) .
;9:?:89 23 *@A
& '
;9:?:> 2 *
"# $
% !
: 6: ' m: ( & :* ee 6:* eOOM P : : fRd 1
) :D 6:* 6:1 @ ! 6 1 =E7 Tk & C /fTd2=
- :@ & : C )! =
V
! I; (
6:: 1 C : ! P - :@ :* _ .:: 6:: 1 C :3 $ !
)! 6:1 ! : : 8: # Z ! & "
) 0* _ .
=:: ) (* ::W) :: Y = A::; ) ::'] =:: '
=:: ) (* ::W) /
\::] (* :W) : Y /
\::] (* :W) /
fMd 2!
VD <
&:
! : nV: W
&:
D 0>
>*
A :; V:* 4 )! & : =: 4 /m: (
: oG 4 - *
<=7
!
;9:9:89 2!& 5 6 7
$*
26 B$
! 5
-":1
: 0: %(: ! A ; c
='7
fed ! : : ! E(: -) :(5) _ , 3 " 5 ( 3 - '
! *) :1 ( : *
& ) ! -) (5) - & 61 g @
- . - , & -) (5) - '
C `)
2 )!
/fR Md 2 *
*
0: %( ! ) * - * E - '
&
6* ; /6( /- !
6* h( & ) * )!
-"1
fMd2 *
Y [ D/ W
jh(> /- 5 /-"i
-":1
: * : ) ='7 eOSk V
&
l 4 61 = ! ! &
4 4F 2= 6(5 ) W ! E( !)
! E(:: & :
)! & % :
: D)! : @ # 8 : *
21
Downloaded
from http://journals.tums.ac.ir
Sunday,
January 01, 2012
Downloaded from
aud.tums.ac.ir
at 17:58 IRDT on Sundayon
June
18th 2017
": -":1 6A :; 6:* h(: !) : ! C ; )! 2 !
2=
C "4)
+
.
.
/
0 /1 '
(
)*+ ,-
j :* /P J Lk ! 5 - * 4B ) @ ` ( / B F
- :* ^ (: ! )! ": '@ ! :7 /& :
)
# &! *
A :; c : )! & ! *) 1 / _ 1 U1 )! & $ @
: =*
)! & ! *) 1 /-"1
%( !
fMd2 ! & ) & C = /& ) *
0 +<
p1 6* h( C+ ! 5 )!
&
:3 /fJ Ld !) -) ! A ?h(> ) @ ! 5 * P Sk LO
: :* -":1
: Z ! # Ph(> 6* h( C+ ! 5
& : /fK eMd 2 : ! : & Ph(>
& )! ) @
:
p1 6* h( ! 5 ) (E b)! ) * - *
- ! Ph(> 6* h( & 1! 1 - * 3 feRd =+ E "
8 "5 * 61 = &
1 < 4 4F /feTd 2=
) 1 ) +*
& :1! 1 - * p ) @ & 1! 1 - * p P ek K C
) : 6* 2!
('*
( - ! Ph(> 6* h(
Z ! # - ' ) ' q * )! > 1 ) G 6*
C - *
: 1 6:a5 < :* ) :(E b)! & ] feJd !
!
- ! Ph(> 6* h( & 1! 1 feSd !) ! % % X )
Ph(:>
& : )! : ) ! c:4
1 6a5 < )! 61
6* h( & 1! 1 )! = C 61 g @ /fJd 2 ! &
& : $ :@ C * : * ! : : !
Z ! # Ph(> [ D
feLd 2!) ! ! *) 1 & 1! 1 C )!
c : )! 6: # - :'
& C 61 g @
6: ' & : ) 5 6 & 1
*
-"1
A ;
: ) 5 6: 6: ' ? : * ; < 8 9# /C * * =
2=
$ @ ) @ ! 5 )! & ) *
&
)*
)*
!
! : 1 6*
* - . - , & $@ - *
- : A - ) ! :' 6:* :@ : 61 =
.
@
- : 7 - : A :@ ! & s 1 61 -) G 6* / * V4(+
= '5 C & 45 6* 67 * 6 E ( f) 1 VU d ! VD <
- :76 t 5
@ !i3 (* ) 5 & * )!
TJk V : l 4 61 ! 7 C A - 7 ` # t 5
TJk C C * _ .
1 &! 1 7 - * H. 2! * ,
!
? % )j ( 3 %( ! ,
"# $
% !
! )! ! 7 " #! $%
6 1 &! * _ . - * = 1u V* W 2 ! E( & '
n * a
60
! ) 5 & * )!
:a _ . 6 1 _ )! ! 7 - @ !
*
2 * & + l 4 ft d &
=:'7 _ .: 6: 1 _: )! ! 7 - @ !
2 * 6( ! 6*
* & " > & (5
) 60:
! : 6 1 Ok ! < /6 1 TJk ) * H#
6: 1 )! 6:
:% 7 :
! 5 = 1u & 2 ( !
: 1 : 1 ) :G 6:* :3 : ! : i ! > ) B* ) 6 7
D 0::> $ :
-! : v::E )! 6::1 (+:: _ .::
2 * )! ) _ .
n 6'
0
* ( '5 & # )!
-) : : Y _ .: 6: 1 KK V : =: '5 C fe
! :* V4(+ A - ) ! ' 6* @
61 f= #d *
2!
w ( - 7- A @ !s1
8 * 61 * "@ 8 * TT V = '5 C fM
2=
V
_ . 6 1 !
:* =+: 6: 1 P - :@ s: 1 8: * )! fR
2
= * ) ! A - 6 1 /$ ! 6 1 > - @
p :a ! 5 w - ) * m !) ! )! 8 * TT C fT
2
! :A : B> ! :A =: x =:'7
= '5 )! fJ
"#
(
3
6:A3 B !) = A 7 F E D AB4
) * C )!
ek : ! F )! f!
&
d ) @ ! 5 JK V
$:
: ! 6:* C A7 C * MONLM C % * P Jk
: )! : (: '*
:>
: "# $
% !
/ : 6 (: &! :* :A G C ; 61 ! * f 6 Gd &
-":1 6A ; 6* rh(* 64* W 5 / D H 5) - ( .
) 8 9:# C )! =1 6* V
! * W : W 6;)
:' )! * - . - , &
) 5 - %3
6( !
!
!1 789: . 3 4 5!6 (
Downloaded
from http://journals.tums.ac.ir
Sunday,
January 01, 2012
Downloaded from
aud.tums.ac.ir
at 17:58 IRDT on Sundayon
June
18th 2017
)! ) *
$ : ./(
I;)
& : =:
61 s
_ =5
#- *
& 8 * ! C * fT
f6 x K ~e l 4 d 6(5 a
6* "'@
%( ! ! E( * H. fJ
- ) * + l( + * 8 *
1 ) : - :* ( ! %( ! &
31
) 6 ' - * = 1u V* W 2 * •#
) D I ; ) * Mk /! = ) & )! € 5
2 } ( ! * C s 61 !)
+(
I*
,-(011 6:3 1 ! (
! %( ! /\
) * C )!
6:3 1 ! :D I :; /b) : ! ) :1 => : 2
P
P : _ (: 1 ( - ( : ! H :. %(: ! /
(
`:
:D %(: ! /b) : ! ) :1 => : )34
& 2
2
- *5 * 6 >) 1 =>
2 ! E( ( ! %( ! 7 >
pa
)*
J
- '0:> 8 9:# C: )! ! E(: !) : -) : - ' )
H : ) " 3 : V4(+ / ! - 1 &
1 # -"1
2 *
!( *
& : d P : ek Jk ) :@ ! :5 JK ; < 8 9# )!
C % : & ": e P 7 )! 2 (5 ) W ) * =F f!
=: ) Z : / 6
6 Z : ! [ : @ - :B>
:(
= A:; )! =: ) Z : 2
\:] Z /
(* W) = A; )! \] Z /
(* W) Y
(* W)
2=
(
(
)!
(* W) Y
2 : * : D)! eNSRS (
- B> [ @ 6 6* 67 *
: > :D)! OKNRST ) :@ ! :5 )! (
( C%
2
=: )! ) : 1 s ! 5 D)! Ke ! < ) * C )!
6:A5! _ U1 < ) @ ! 5 D)! eO ! <
! 1)
::> * M P : 7 2 : ! : ) :: =:: )! ) : 1 s:
"#
2 ! c
%
!
&
^ A
(
!
!! (
1 a p
E1 a p
' $ :> * : - .: - , &
V
1Z )
(
( d : Q F0:: /
:E 1 Z ) 2 : * ) *
6(5 y B
g % : # )! = :
z: # s ) V
+ Z x / &
^ A V z # s ) 2=
- ) [ :: - ::%3 ,
s::
::x D
2 *
)! ! 7
1 -! s
& ! 5 2 E /F
8 :* 6:| H :*
s { F3 ) & 8 *
( : * 8: * : )! 61 G 6*d 1 ) =
)
} +:F ^ : A _ 8 * C f * 6(E% ( ) @ _
2!
& 6: 1 C 3 61
* - B> [ @ 6+ 4 23 . G
Z : & 6 1 C 3 61
* *!
[ = )Z
p:' J 8 :* ?h(> 2
Z x )!
[ \]
2!!
4
:* _ . 6 1 C 3 )! B> [ @ 6+ 4 2H
G
J 8 :* ?h(> 2
s
x )_ . 6 1C !
2!
4 p'
!
) : I :; - * 2
C :3
_
-:
C:
I ; -) > ! ( )! & C )
n=5 $ @
V<
2 I ; ( ) D 6* ) fe
6:1 : I :; -) G ! 5 - )
* - ' * fM
. 6 1C ! = )Z
_ . 6 1
) * % ! 8 * MM
\] Z
2
I ; =3 < C H * " w
! 61 ! * C * Zh & ) 8 * TT $ )! fR
. 6 1C ! @ C3 *6 1C3
@
2 * 6( !
21
# "
+
.
.
/
0 /1 '
(
)*+ ,-
!"
+$ ," " ,
Downloaded
from http://journals.tums.ac.ir
Sunday,
January 01, 2012
Downloaded from
aud.tums.ac.ir
at 17:58 IRDT on Sundayon
June
18th 2017
(
*)&'% (
$%
"
"
7
#
!
7
67 6
:* 2 : * ) @
(* :W) = A:; )!
‚RONJ \:] Z :
)! ! :5 C
1
: oW [ @
61 =
R P 7 )! &
B> D)! (
& )! 6 6* 67
6:* X * - B> C ( ' /‚JL \] Z
(
* ‚RMNMJ Z ! - B> V1
Z /= A; V F 6 "@ I ( 64 G
2=
6* &
& C )! ! 5 C % ! ) @ Y - 6(5
fRkNMMd Z : :x &! :* p:' fMMNRkd s
x &! * p'
! :A
:
! 5 C )! ) [ - %3 6( 3 2! 1 )
2 : : > :4 p:' 6:1 = ! * L ! 5 C )! ^ A
) : * C: - :* D P (< 6
= ! 6* ` ( 6* 67 *
) *= )=
Z ! # %( ! = C 2!) ! ! 7
6A :; ) :]! \:] = :
W 5 "i 6W
* !6 D
: )!
:W I:* ) - 6 # p+7 = C
*
2 *
) : 6:* h( 61 = & *
) 5 63 RO
> nM !)
] 2=
! & )! # ( 3 * 61 ! * p > Z > -"i
6:* 6:1 ! :* : -":i 6( 6* h( /) & )! V W
-! F V
! 5 ! `5 - & * = ) = & P !
"#
=: ) Z : - :B> :D)! 6* X * -) - c>
& : ) ) :@ & ! & 6* X * Z ! - B> [ @
2f 8 kNkJd =+ ) ! A '
E 61 !
)! (
& )! "
(
& )! B> C %
*
*
"
*
"
*
- =3 <
) : 6:* 2f 8 kNkked :
: -) ! : A
E
( : * -) ! : A ) G 6* (* W) - = A; )! B> C %
2 *
(* W) Y - '(3 <
L*
3 K.
(
& =F ! ) ) a( 61 A ; !) !
) :W •:F* !) : : )! 6:1 :
* ) 1 s+1 C g #
n 6(5
: ) :'] 61 = & *
) 5 63 TO -! ) * ne !)
& :* =: ) = ` 5 -"i 6( ) ]! 8 C 8 #
: =:5 - $ ! 2=
1)! f- 5 d
#&*
j :* - : H :1 5 )! I: ( :< )! 0 : +< 65 G !
:D H: 5) 6 (: :* ) [ $
. -( !H(
` :( 2 : ! : & : ) ": ekkk Jkk H 1 5 )! ) @
!
!1 789: . 3 4 5!6 (
5 6 , 8 " 734 5 6
2
)/ 0" & " 1). ) ,
Downloaded
from http://journals.tums.ac.ir
Sunday,
January 01, 2012
Downloaded from
aud.tums.ac.ir
at 17:58 IRDT on Sundayon
June
18th 2017
+$ ," " ,
$
%&
&
!
)*+
' (
,.
' (&
6:1 g :@ C * : * fMd ! :
4 p' ( * 6
!
6:1 ! :* !) : _ 8 9# C ) @ ! 5 )! ^ A ! A
- :B> :D)! * H 7 x $ % * M P 7 2 *
p'
:a :* 61 * Z ! - B> [ @ \] /= ) Z
fL S /Td 2!) !
6*
4 4F feOOSd 6
feOKTd 5 : 9
/5
- : * 64 G ^ *
) :@
& )! [ @ Z /= A; 1 x
- : , & : )! : =: ! 6* !) $ 61 !!
4
)! 6:1 ! : ) W ) @ ! F )!
Q F0 * - .
o:W ) :@ ! F )! 6 D < ` ( " & C
)56
: ) * !) : ) :@ ! :5 )! 6:] 2feP :7 d =:
!
( : * -) ! : A ) :B* (* :W) - = A; )! B> C %
) :@ ! F )! ! 4 6 1 3 = ! * (* W) Y - '(3 <
: o:W [ : @ Z /= A; V F 6 "@ - * 64 G
-":1 6A :; !) : ! - ) :*
& ` ( /fMd 2=
6* 6 1 ! 61 (* W) - '( A; )! j * - B> D)! ! 7 % *
! :A )! C ; )! ! & ) !
8 #& "
)D
2 ! ! & Ph(> " s
Z x
^ A
& : C: )! ) :@ ! :5 JK
: = *` ( ) *
!) : ! ) :@ Y ` (
* p3
Z !# % *
6: 6:1 =: C * P ! "
-"1
A ; 6* h(
Z ! :# jh(:> m :1 )! =: C: & : C:
)5
2 * ^ +<
"#
!
- ( ! 2! * ! 1 # &! 1= FD V ) D 6* ) (E )!
+:< [
8 1 \] Z &! * ) @ % * - ( ! H ( 2! * = ) Z )! m E> < )! 0 :
2! ! & : ) ) :@
D H 5) ) [ $
. Z !
6:1 : ! : & : ! :5 C: )! )
& ` ( RP 7
:B> D)! (
& )! 6 6* 67 * 2 * ) @
6:* X :* - :B> C ( ' /‚TT \] Z
(* W) = A; )!
: ( : * : ‚eK Z : ! - :B> V1 ‚MO \] Z
Z : /= A:; V F 6 "@ I ( 64 G )! ! 5 C
1
)! ! :5 C: % ! ) @ Y - 6(5 2=
oW [ @
2! :1 ) : feKNRkd s
x &! * p' 6* &
& C
)! ^ A ! A
! 5 C )! ) [ - %3 6( 3
6:* ` ( 6* 67 * 2
> 4 p' 61 = ! * L ! 5 C
2!) ! ! :7 ) * C - * W !)
j (< &
= !
C: )! H: 5) P
D P 61 6( C C(5 a )! *
6: /I ( < )! 1 ( 6* 67 * = ! * E ! 5
2!
- ( * W - 6 # p+7 -)
1)! A ; *
M%
: +: % - : %3 : * : ) 5 (
:( C% :
6:* ` ( & " !) ! % % ) +* X )
.
)! P : 7 6::* 6::7 * (
&:
: =:: !
- : ^ A ! A 6 6* 67 * /fTd 2!) ! ) W A G ! F
21
Downloaded
from http://journals.tums.ac.ir
Sunday,
January 01, 2012
Downloaded from
aud.tums.ac.ir
at 17:58 IRDT on Sundayon
June
18th 2017
" $
>?
/ ;
<= ,
(
+
.
.
/
0 /1 '
,
2
(
)*+ ,-
: , 9
$
%&
&
/
0
" 7
7
676
2:
h(
)!
-)
* : E -":1
: Z !#
! 5 )! ` ( & p 5 - * (
* : ) @ /-":1
Z !#
:; & : C &! * ) V* W
V:
x : 6* = + (+ * (
!4 * ) $%
P : ee :( 1 & :1! 1 fP : Sk -j *d C+ ! 5 )! C
: i 6:* ' 6 = C C+ ! 5 )!
2= ! 67
6: * : * 6(:
%(+:*
: 6: 3 yG )!
!@
H A : ) -":i : (> : jh(>
<B = C
` :( feOKkd !
)
/a yG 1
Sk -j :* ! 5 P ee ( 1 & 1! 1 - *
A G Y
6:
: ) * C * : * fSd ! : +E X (< * (+ * P
6:* -) :; P : ee ( 1 C+ ! 5 )! & C
)5
2
a
%( ! * ) )!
* 4 4F $ @ 6]
%( ! A ; [ 6*
) * & 3 & 1! 1
2 ) a 6*
KN
$: % :! :
$:
! $ (F C 3 ƒ+
/ ": '@
:
C(: • ) : (> )! G > 6* &
"#
- :W } 7
) I ; G > 6* -) > &9 * - W } 7
$ : % : ! : )!) (E
: y* ^ ) 1 7 A
#
P •: ) -) : =: ' 6:A3 B $ :@ )! 61 & '
"#
2p ) ! )
P 1 6( !
;
2
< =+"
5 : ?" >&
A
-
B
<
C ;DDA
9
<
?
G )
C ;DDA
<
)
a 6*
5 : ?"
@
<
;D4(1;;
>
-
E
: ) 5 6:
& & ' >
A
1
&:
.! (
1u ` ( ^ *
5 : ?"
@
<
1ED(FF
;
' H < 6
2
!
C ;DDI
;00(D
A
@ "
6
@
)" 5 : ? >
?
(
;DD1C AF D ED(AE
"#
!
&
'
!1 789: . 3 4 5!6 (
F
5 : ?"
!
6
'
Downloaded
from http://journals.tums.ac.ir
Sunday,
January 01, 2012
Downloaded from
aud.tums.ac.ir
at 17:58 IRDT on Sundayon
June
18th 2017
)
I
)
+
?K" !
@
(
<
&
;DD;C I 1J 1EE(F;
22 6
'
&
&
;D0JC ; ; A1(F
4
: 9!" K
)
0
H)
)
?" @
?
(
;DDJC 1D 1 0F(D1
-
>2 K
'
!
2
<
;DDIC
01 ; 141(A
D
?
? "9
&
L
;J M
2" 2
9)
'
+
2-" 2
&-
;;
'
)
"
@
)2 )
,
<9 >
5 " 5 : ?" 5
)
?
K +
?
;E 2
"=
=
;A !
?
9" 5
-/" 2
) "K &
1JJJC AE A 0DE(DJ;
&
29 )
'
"
= "
=
?)
65 )
@
)
"
)
"
1JJ1C ;E 4 EI4(01
"
'
'
1JJFC;4 E E;;(1J
2
"
;DDEC EI 1 0FJ(IE
+ )
;4 , : 53" !
!
2
'
;F
;I >&
@
1JJAC ;I E 1DE(EJJ
& <
"#
'
1JJ1C I0 ; 10(EE
'
!
'
;DDDC 0 1 ;E4(A1
;1 6
!
;DD1C ;E A 140(0J
K" -
)
? 1JJ1C;1J I ;0F(0
".
&
!
'
?
1D&E" "
CB
$%
# "
1
=
<
;
:
,-
$
97 8
$
Downloaded
from http://journals.tums.ac.ir
Sunday,
January 01, 2012
Downloaded from
aud.tums.ac.ir
at 17:58 IRDT on Sundayon
June
18th 2017
H 9GG 7 " F
(
+
.
.
!"
/
0 /1 '
8
97 8
21
(
A
8
)*+ ,-
)@
1
6
5
4
23
1
1
.
&
$%
"#
./
*
1
.
!
+
"#*
"#
&,
0
.
!
'
,
+
'
-
'
63
'
5,
9
8
.
&
;
@*
./
43
&
-
'
&
.
C
:
<
'D
?
E
$%
+
F
$*
'
/
"
'G
/
A
=
&
&,
:/
&
+
8
'
'
,
F
+
<
,
+
'
0
.
*
!
"#
'
!7
<=
B>
!
+
:
?>
!
3
"#
$*
/
/
()
./
$2
/
:
*
+
,
/
/
F
,
!B,
-H
7
,-
"
7
"
-H
7
"
676
"#
!
7
"
7
" 7
"
Audiology/Vol.15/No.1/2006
Introducing and evaluating a Farsi - language version of the
Downloaded from aud.tums.ac.ir at 17:58 IRDT on Sunday June 18th 2017
staggered spondaic word test in normal hearing subject
Fahimeh Hajiabolhassan1, Younes Lotfi2, Firouz Azordegan3
1
-Member of Audioligy Dept. Faculty of Rehabilitation Tehran University of Medical Sciences
-Assistant Professor of Hearing Impaired Dept. University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences.
3
- Professor of Biostatistics Dept. University of Tehran
2
Abstract
Background and Aim: The staggered spondaic word (SSW) test is potent to evaluate the function of
the central auditory nervous system. As the Farsi version is not available, the purpose of this study was
to prepare a Farsi language version of SSW (FLV-SSW), and to conduct a primary evaluation.
Materials and Methods: The Farsi-language version of SSW was first prepared and recorded on a
tape. Fifty-eight normal hearing individuals with mean age 29.72 years were avaluated in
Rehabilitation School of Iran University of Medical Sciences in 3 months.
Results: The mean scores of Raw SSW was 98.364 in the normal group. The minimum and maximum
percentage of errors of Corrected SSW were -6 and 8 for each of the conditions, -4.75 and 5 for each
ear and -3.88 and 3.75 for the entire test (total). The maximum number of reversals was one. There is
no difference between males and females scores.
Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, the FLV-SSW test appears to have potential as a useful
measure of central auditory processing but the generalization of this results needs further studies.
Key words: auditory comprehension, auditory processing, central.
Corresponding author: Audioligy Dept. Faculty of Rehabilitation
Sciences. [email protected]
Tehran University of Medical