SECONDARY PESTS IN THE PRESENCE OF BMSB
Greg Krawczyk, Ph.D.
Pennsylvania State University, Dep. of Entomology
Fruit Research and Extension Center, Biglerville, PA 17307
[email protected]
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Important pests of fruit
Fruit (internal feeders):
Fruit (external feeders)
Apple maggot
Oriental fruit worm
Codling moth
Lesser appleworm
European apple sawfly
Plum curculio
Dock sawfly
European corn borer
Tufted apple bud moth
Obliquebanded leafroller
Mullein plant bug
Rosy apple aphid
San Jose scale
Tarnished plant bug
and many more ……
Trunk and branches:
Foliage:
Scales
Borers
Wooly apple aphid
Shoothole borer
Periodical cicada
Aphids
Leafhoppers
Mites
Leafminers
Leafrollers
Cutworms
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Secondary pests of fruit
Fruit (internal feeders):
Fruit (external feeders)
Mullein plant bug
Rosy apple aphid
San Jose scale
Trunk and branches:
Scales
Wooly apple aphid
Foliage:
Aphids
Leafhoppers
Mites
Leafminers
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
BMSB distribution – December 2014
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
… BMSB challenge….
BMSB biology in Pennsylvania
Diapause in dwellings
Diapause in dwellings
Adult stink bugs (2 generations)
Nymphs
Fruit injury risk period
April
May
June
July
Aug
2 generations per season
Sep
Oct
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
2014 BMSB commercial trap and lures suppliers
http://www.agbio-inc.com
- Two components lure: Harlequin bug lure plus BMSB lure
- Tall black traps (4 ft) or small green traps (2ft)
- Directly from Ag-Bio: phone # 303-469-9221
or e-mail: [email protected]
http://www.rescue.com
• BMSB lure and trap for homeowners
• Available from WalMart, Home Depot, Lowe’s etc. …
• or 9-weeks BMSB lure directly from: 509-343-3625
or e-mail: [email protected]
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
2013 and 2014 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
Apple location (started July 01):
1. Ag-Bio lure in Ag-Bio tall Black trap,
2. Edge traps (4x2) and interior trap (4 + 1);
total 13 traps,
3. Weekly trap and 12 min visual observations,
TH Apple location
4. Fruit evaluations at 1, 3 and 5 tree from trap
and 1 and 2 rows from trap.
1. Full insecticide program
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
2013-14 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
BMSB pressure distribution (apples)
BMSB ADULTS & NYMPHS PER TRAP/WEEK
July 8
51
BMSB
Size proportional to the number of collected BMSB
soybean
soybean
soybean

Adults
●Nymphs
2013
peach
peach
soybean corn
peach
corn
soybean
corn
corn corn
Number of BMSB per trap/week
2014
Greg
2015
THKrawczyk,
Apple location
2013-14 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
BMSB pressure distribution (apples)
BMSB ADULTS & NYMPHS PER TRAP/WEEK
July 15
51
BMSB
Size proportional to the number of collected BMSB
soybean
soybean
soybean

Adults
●Nymphs
2013
peach
peach
soybean corn
peach
corn
soybean
corn
corn corn
Number of BMSB per trap/week
2014
Greg
2015
THKrawczyk,
Apple location
2013-14 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
BMSB pressure distribution (apples)
BMSB ADULTS & NYMPHS PER TRAP/WEEK
July 22
51
BMSB
Size proportional to the number of collected BMSB
soybean
soybean
soybean

Adults
●Nymphs
2013
peach
peach
soybean corn
peach
corn
soybean
corn
corn corn
Number of BMSB per trap/week
2014
Greg
2015
THKrawczyk,
Apple location
2013-14 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
BMSB pressure distribution (apples)
BMSB ADULTS & NYMPHS PER TRAP/WEEK
July 30
51
BMSB
Size proportional to the number of collected BMSB
soybean
soybean
soybean

Adults
●Nymphs
2013
peach
peach
soybean corn
peach
corn
soybean
corn
corn corn
Number of BMSB per trap/week
2014
Greg
2015
THKrawczyk,
Apple location
2013-14 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
BMSB pressure distribution (apples)
BMSB ADULTS & NYMPHS PER TRAP/WEEK
August 5
51
BMSB
Size proportional to the number of collected BMSB
soybean
soybean
soybean

Adults
●Nymphs
2013
peach
peach
soybean corn
peach
corn
soybean
corn
corn corn
Number of BMSB per trap/week
2014
Greg
2015
THKrawczyk,
Apple location
2013-14 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
BMSB pressure distribution (apples)
BMSB ADULTS & NYMPHS PER TRAP/WEEK
August 12
51
BMSB
Size proportional to the number of collected BMSB
soybean
soybean
soybean

Adults
●Nymphs
2013
peach
peach
soybean corn
peach
corn
soybean
corn
corn corn
Number of BMSB per trap/week
2014
Greg
2015
THKrawczyk,
Apple location
2013-14 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
BMSB pressure distribution (apples)
BMSB ADULTS & NYMPHS PER TRAP/WEEK
August 19
51
BMSB
Size proportional to the number of collected BMSB
soybean
soybean
soybean

Adults
●Nymphs
2013
peach
peach
soybean corn
peach
corn
soybean
corn
corn corn
Number of BMSB per trap/week
2014
Greg
2015
THKrawczyk,
Apple location
2013-14 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
BMSB pressure distribution (apples)
BMSB ADULTS & NYMPHS PER TRAP/WEEK
August 26
51
BMSB
Size proportional to the number of collected BMSB
soybean
soybean
soybean

Adults
●Nymphs
2013
peach
peach
soybean corn
peach
corn
soybean
corn
corn corn
Number of BMSB per trap/week
2014
Greg
2015
THKrawczyk,
Apple location
2013-14 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
BMSB pressure distribution (apples)
BMSB ADULTS & NYMPHS PER TRAP/WEEK
September 3
51
BMSB
Size proportional to the number of collected BMSB
soybean
soybean
soybean

Adults
●Nymphs
2013
peach
peach
soybean corn
peach
corn
soybean
corn
corn corn
Number of BMSB per trap/week
2014
Greg
2015
THKrawczyk,
Apple location
2013-14 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
BMSB pressure distribution (apples)
BMSB ADULTS & NYMPHS PER TRAP/WEEK
September 9
51
BMSB
Size proportional to the number of collected BMSB
soybean
soybean
soybean

Adults
●Nymphs
2013
peach
peach
soybean corn
peach
corn
soybean
corn
corn corn
Number of BMSB per trap/week
2014
Greg
2015
THKrawczyk,
Apple location
2013-14 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
BMSB pressure distribution (apples)
BMSB ADULTS & NYMPHS PER TRAP/WEEK
September 16
51
BMSB
Size proportional to the number of collected BMSB
soybean
soybean
soybean

Adults
●Nymphs
2013
peach
peach
soybean corn
peach
corn
soybean
corn
corn corn
Number of BMSB per trap/week
2014
Greg
2015
THKrawczyk,
Apple location
2013-14 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
BMSB pressure distribution (apples)
BMSB ADULTS & NYMPHS PER TRAP/WEEK
September 24
51
BMSB
Size proportional to the number of collected BMSB
soybean
soybean
soybean

Adults
●Nymphs
2013
peach
peach
soybean corn
peach
corn
soybean
corn
.
0
2
corn corn
Number of BMSB per trap/week
2014
Greg
2015
THKrawczyk,
Apple location
2013-14 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
BMSB pressure distribution (apples)
BMSB ADULTS & NYMPHS PER TRAP/WEEK
October 1
51
BMSB
Size proportional to the number of collected BMSB
soybean
soybean
soybean

Adults
●Nymphs
2013
peach
peach
soybean corn
peach
corn
soybean
corn
corn corn
Number of BMSB per trap/week
2014
Greg
2015
THKrawczyk,
Apple location
2013-14 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
BMSB pressure distribution (apples)
BMSB ADULTS & NYMPHS PER TRAP/WEEK
October 8
51
BMSB
Size proportional to the number of collected BMSB
soybean
soybean
soybean

Adults
●Nymphs
2013
peach
peach
soybean corn
peach
corn
soybean
corn
corn corn
Number of BMSB per trap/week
2014
Greg
2015
THKrawczyk,
Apple location
2013-14 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
BMSB pressure distribution (apples)
BMSB ADULTS & NYMPHS PER TRAP/WEEK
October 15
51
BMSB
Size proportional to the number of collected BMSB
soybean
soybean
soybean

Adults
●Nymphs
2013
peach
peach
soybean corn
peach
corn
soybean
corn
corn corn
Number of BMSB per trap/week
2014
Greg
2015
THKrawczyk,
Apple location
2013-14 BMSB Trap Placement Grid evaluations
BMSB pressure distribution (apples)
BMSB ADULTS & NYMPHS PER TRAP/WEEK
October 22
51
BMSB
Size proportional to the number of collected BMSB
soybean
soybean
soybean

Adults
●Nymphs
2013
peach
peach
soybean corn
peach
corn
soybean
corn
corn corn
Number of BMSB per trap/week
2014
Greg
2015
THKrawczyk,
Apple location
Changes in seasonal insecticide applications - apple
2013 - 2014 seasons
(Commercial apple orchard, PA)
Month
2013 program
2014 program
May
Calypso (ARM)
Assail (C)
Imidan (ARM)
Assail (C)
Assail (ARM)
Imidan (ARM)
June
Lannate (C)
Assail (C)
Intrepid (ARM)
Altacor (ARM)
Lannate (ARM)
July
Bifenture (C)
Assail (ARM)
Lannate (C)
August
Belay (C)
Scorpion(ARM)
Bifenture (C)
Delegate (C)
Belay (C)
Bifenture (ARM)
September
Belay (C)
Scorpion (C)
Scorpion (C)
Greg
Krawczyk, 2014
2015
G. Krawczyk,
Changes in seasonal insecticide applications - apples
2009-2014 seasons
(Commercial orchard, PA)
plus CM/OFM MD
BMSB
plus CM/OFM MD
plus CM/OFM MD
Number of insecticide applications per season
Insecticides:
Carbamates (IRAC Group 1A) – methomyl,
Organophosphates (IRAC Group 1B) – phosmet,
Pyrethroids (IRAC Group 3A) – fenpropathrin, lambda cyhalothrin, bifenthrin,
Neonicotinoids (IRAC Group 4A) – acetamiprid, clothianidin, thiametoxam, dinotefuran, thiacloprid,
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Other (IRAC Groups 5, 18, 28) – methoxyfenozide, spinetoram, rynaxypyr.
Most effective insecticides against BMSB
(based on combined data from T. Leskey, T. Kuchar and G. Krawczyk)
PYRETHROIDS
NEONICOTINOIDS
OTHER
IRAC Group 3A
IRAC Group 4A
(IRAC Groups 1A, 1B, 2A
bifenthrin
dinotefuran
(Brigade)
(Venom, Scorpion)
thiametoxam
fenpropathrin
(Danitol)
cyfluthrin
(Baythroid)
(Actara)
methomyl
(carbamate)
(Lannate LV and SP)
clothianidin
(Belay)
imidacloprid
endosulfan
(Provado, Admire Pro)
(organochlorine)
λ-cyhalothrin
acetamiprid
(Thionex)
(Warrior)
(Assail)
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Most effective insecticides against BMSB
Effect on beneficial insects
Insecticide
Stethorus
beetles
Predatory
mites
Ladybugs
Lacewings
Fly and wasp
parasitoids
Actara
(IRAC 4A)
Assail
(IRAC 4A)
Danitol
(IRAC 3A)
Thionex
(IRAC 2A)
Lannate
(IRAC 1A)
Warrior
(IRAC 3A)
Altacor*
(IRAC 28)
Highly toxic
* - no effective against BMSB
Moderately toxic
Slightly toxic
Non toxic
Toxicity data based on PSU Tree Fruit Production Guide
2014-2015
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Natural enemies of secondary pests
Aphids
Leafminers
Leafhoppers
Slide courtesy of DJB
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
San Jose Scale
SJS has multiple generations – 2-3 generations in PA
Wide host range including most trees and shrubs
SJS female are stationary, can produce up to 400 crawlers
San Jose scale survive the winter in the crawler stage
Male and female adults are present after petal fall
Female produce live crawlers, not eggs
Crawlers emerge about 400- 700 DD (base 51F) after first
male captures in traps
SJS males
in trap
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Biology of San Jose Scale
1st instar
reproducing
female
2nd instar
female
2nd molt
female
3rd instar
female
gravid
female
white
cap
crawler
black
cap
1st
molt
2nd instar prepupal pupa
male
male
male
adult
male
Slide courtesy of Valent
Company
Greg
Krawczyk, 2015
San Jose Scale Biology - PA
• Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
2nd instar crawlers
Adult male flight
Adult females
Crawlers (1st)
overwintering
D - HG
Adult male flight
Adult females
Crawlers (1st)
San Jose
Scale
Adult male flight
Adult females
Crawlers (1st)
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Products most effective against SJS
Dormant to half-inch green
Chlorpyrifos 4E
Esteem™ 35W
Centaur
Oil
Amt/A
3-4
5.0
34.5
2-3
pts
oz
oz
gals
Petal Fall and later
Movento™ 240SC & Adj
9.0 fl oz
Crawler emergence
Centaur™
Esteem™ 35W
Movento™ 240SC & Adj
Closer SC (suppression)
34.5 oz
5.0 oz
9.0 fl oz
5.75 oz
other products -
see TFPG
Assail, Diazinon
Key - Thorough coverage, high water volume
Supracide is no
longer supported
by Gowan Co.
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Management Tactics - San Jose Scale
 Use oil at D to HG (i. e., at least once every 2 years) to
maintain low pop.
 Add an effective insecticide (e.g. , Esteem, Lorsban,
Centaur) plus oil at HG
 Early petal fall sprays for adults (i.e., Movento, diazinon)
 Insecticides during crawler stage (Jun, late July and Aug.)
 High water volume for coverage, especially directed
toward top of trees
 Monitor orchards closely for crawlers in early Jun to Aug;
treat appropriately (black electric tape)
 Check fruit at harvest
 Prune out injured scaffolds
Each insect can be killed only once
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Management Tactics - San Jose Scale
% SJS Markings at Harvest
San Jose Scale - Apples
Hood River, OR
25
23.1
20
15
10
5
1.2
2.1
0
0.3
Centaur 34.5 oz Centaur 34.5 oz Centaur 34.5 oz
Delayed Dormant
Pink
Spray volume: 180 GPA
Applications: Delayed Dormant, March 21
Pink, April 17
First crawler, June 14
First Crawler
2.1
Lorsban 4 pts
Untreated
Delayed Dormant
Slide data provided by
Nichino America
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Management Tactics - San Jose Scale
San Jose Scale - Apple
Eltopia, WA
% SJS Damage at Harvest
80
a
70
60
50
40
b
30
20
10
0
Post-Harvest
2009
Delayed
Dormant
Pink
Petal Fall
1st Crawler
Lorsban @
DD
Untreated
Centaur 70WDG 34.5 oz/A
Spray volume: 100 gpa
Applications: post-harvest – 10/19/09, delayed dormant – 2/24/10, pink – 4/8/10, petal fall – 4/26/10, 1st crawler 5/21/10
Centaur 70WDG 34.5 oz/A, Lorsban 4E 4 pts/A
Slide data provided by Nichino America
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Apple: San Jose scale (NY) – 2003
Seasonal program, 6 applications per product
6
DANITOL (20 oz/A)
3
ASANA XL (12 oz/A) alt AVAUNT (5.5 oz/A)
2
WARRIOR (5.1 oz.A) alt AVAUNT (5.5 oz/A)
22
SPINTOR 2 SC (7.5 oz/A)
1
WARRIOR (5.1 oz/A) alt SPINTOR (7.5 oz/A)
3
WARRIOR (5.1 oz/A) alt PROCLAIM (4.8 oz/A)
17
PROCLAIM 5 SG (4.8 oz/A)
1
WARRIOR (5.1 oz/A)
21
AVAUNT (5.5 oz/A)
3
ASANA XL (12 oz/A)
27
Untreated
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Damaged fruit (%)
Six applications per plot; all treatments included horticultural spray oil (1% v/v) except untreated
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Peach, white peach scale
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
White Peach Scale
Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni)
(Hemiptera: Diaspididae)
Distribution:
- originated from Japan, world-wide distribution, in US mostly on the southeast,
with some records from Hawaii, Texas and Maine
Description:
- female scale is immobile, covered with protective multilayer shell
- male scale has wings, yellowish, only about 11/36 inch long
- crawlers are very small, whitish to orangish, go through three molts
Life cycle:
- Two-three generations in Pennsylvania (expected)
Picture courtesy of
- overwinter as fertilized female under the shell
M. Myers, Nichino America
- first eggs are deposited in early spring, under the scale (100-150 eggs per
female)
- upon hatching, crawlers immediately move to new sites, usually on older wood
Control:
- crawlers are sensitive to standard scale insecticides such as: Centaur, Esteem, or
Movento
- biological control usually very effective
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
White peach scale trial - 2014
Centaur
@ 34.5 oz
plus 1 gal
oil
05/12/14
Closer
@5.75 oz
plus 1 qt
LI-700
05/22/14
Warhawk @2qt
plus 1 gal oil
4/12/14
Movento @
9.o oz
plus 1qt LI700
05/22/14
Centaur
@ 34.5 oz
plus 1 gal
oil
04/12/14
Centaur
@ 34.5 oz
plus 1 gal
oil
05/05/14
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
White peach scale trial - 2014
Treatment
Date
Centaur® WDG at 34.5 oz/ac
plus BioCover oil 1 gal/ac
April 12
Centaur® WDG at 34.5 oz/ac
plus BioCover oil 1 gal/ac
May 05
Centaur® WDG at 34.5 oz/ac
plus BioCover oil 1 gal/ac
May 12
Warhawk® at 2qt/ac
Plus BioCover oil at 1 gal/ac
April 12
Movento® at 9.0 fl oz/ac
plus LI-700 1qt/ac
May 22
Closer® SC at 5.75 fl oz/ac
plus LI-700 1qt/ac
May 22
5 acre blocks
6 trees per block
10 shoots per tree
Live and dead scales
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
White peach scale trial - 2014
16
Number of dead scales per 10 inch long shoot
14
Dead scales
12
10
8
6
5 acre blocks
6 trees per block
10 shoots per tree
Live and dead
scales evaluations
4
2
0
Warhawk
4.12
Centaur
4.12
10-Apr
Centaur
5.05
16-May
Centaur
5.12
6-Jun
Movento
5.22
Closer 5.22
31-Jul
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
White peach scale trial - 2014
Number of live scales per 10 inch long shoot
0.25
Live scales
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
Warhawk 4.12
Centaur 4.12
10-Apr
Centaur 5.05
Centaur 5.12
16-May
Movento 5.22
6-Jun
31-Jul
Closer 5.22
5 acre blocks
6 trees per block
10 shoots per tree
Live and dead scales
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Another BMSB consequences….
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Woolly apple aphid
Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann)
(Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Distribution:
- Native to North America, but present in almost all fruit growing regions of
the world. Recorded hosts include apple, pear, quince, mountain ash,
hawthorn, and cotoneaster
Description:
- female WAA mostly wingless, but some can develop wings to migrate to
different hosts
- Asexual life cycle on apples, sexual life cycle mostly on elm
- crawlers have four instars, form aerial colonies,
Life cycle:
- WAA spend winter in two forms: nymphs hibernate underground while eggs
are overwintering above ground, on tree trunks and branches (elm?)
- Crawlers start moving up the tree in the spring, forming aerial colonies
- Multiple generations per season
Control:
- crawlers are sensitive to insecticides such as: diazinon, Closer, Movento
- biological control usually very effective: Aphelinus mali and Heringia sp.
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Biological control agents
Green Lacewing Larva
Woolly Apple
Aphid Parasitoid
Aphelinus mali
Source: wikipedia.com
Heringia sp. Flower fly (Syrphidae)
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
European Red Mite
& Two-spotted Spider Mites
– Bronzing occurs at 20-30 mites/leaf depending on stress level of trees & time of
year.
– Can reduce fruit quality, color, and size and reduce return bloom the following
season.
– Rapid development of resistance & high cost of miticides.
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Important mites in fruit system
European red mite
Panonychus ulmi
Twospotted mite
Tetranychus urticae
Apple rust mite
Aculus schlechtendali
Brown mite
Bryobia rubriolus
Pearleaf blister mite
Eriophyes pyri
Pear rust mite
Epitrimerus pyri
Peach silver mite
Aculus cornutus
Peach bud mite
Eriophyes insidiosus
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
European red mite
Hosts:
apple, pear, peach, nectarine, cherry,
plum
Biology:
Overwinter as a fertilized egg; eggs hatch
occurs during pre-pink bud stage; female
deposit about 35 eggs, under ideal conditions
lifecycle completed in 10-12 days;
average of 8-10 generations per season;
overwintering eggs deposition starting
in mid- August;
larvae  protonymph  deutonymph adult
Injury:
Feeds by inserting mouthparts into leaf cells
bronzing will occur
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
BMSB Summer Spray Trial - Overwintering ERM eggs
10 twigs/tree (5 reps)
8.0
4X increase
Mean no. ERM o.w. eggs on twig/cm2
7.0
“Hormoligosis”
6.0
5.91 a
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.70 b
1.15 b
1.18 b
1.61 b
0.89 b
1.0
0.0
Trmt No.
10
Trmt
10
11
Trmt
11
12
Trmt
12
13
Trmt
13
14
Trmt
14
15
Trmt
15
Treatment
Lannate SP
Lannate SP
Thiodan
Warrior
Scorpion
Unsprayed
Rate/A
0.5 lb (227 g)
1 lb (454 g)
2 lb (907 g)
2.5 fl oz (74 ml)
5 fl oz (148 ml)
--
Rate g/10 gal
23 g
46 g
91 g
7 ml
15 ml
--
All treatments applied 31-Jul
* Means followed by the same letter(s) are not significantly different (Fisher’s Protected LSD, P≤0.05)
Slide courtesy of D. J. Biddinger 2013
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Raff Block Overwintering ERM Eggs
24
Mean no. ERM Eggs On Twig/cm2
22
10 twigs/tree (4 reps)
80X
20
18
65X
15.97 a
16
14
13.01 ab
34X
12
10
8
6
4
6.73 abc
4.77 abc
1.69 bc
3.02 bc
2
0.20 c
0
Slide courtesy D. J. Biddinger 2013
* Means followed by the same letter(s) are not significantly different (Fisher’s Protected LSD, P≤0.05)
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Important natural enemies of phytophagous mites
Mite predators
Stethorus punctum (LeConte)
Predatory mite
A. fallacis/ T. pyri
Yellow predatory mite
Zetzellia mali (Ewing)
Predatory mirids
Campylomma verbasci (Meyer)
Ceratocapsus pumilus (Uhler)
Deraeocoris fasciolus Knight
Deraeocoris nebulosus Uhler
Deraeocoris nitenatus Knight
Hyaliodes vitripennis (Say)
Hyaliodes harti Knight
Black hunter
Leptothrips mali (Fitch)
Minute pirate bug
Orius insidiosus (Say)
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
European red mite control – acaricide options
Period
Active
ingredient
Examples of available acaricides
Dormant
dormant oils
Bio-Cover oil, JMS Stylet oil,
Damoil, Mite-E-Oil, Superior oil,
Supreme oil, etc…
abamectin
Agri-Mek, Abacus, Abba, Agri-Flex,
Reaper, Zoro
clofentezine
Apollo
hexythiazox
Savey/Onager
etoxazole
Zeal
spirodiclofen
Envidor
fenpyroximate
Portal
pyridaben
Nexter/Pyramite
acequinocyl
Kanemite
cyflumethofen
Nealta (apple only)
summer oils
JMS Stylet oil, BioCover, Mite-E-oil,
etc..
Petal fall
Early season
Mid-summer
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
Summary
Insecticides used for the management of brown
marmorated stink bug are directly affecting the natural
enemies complex responsible for the control of secondary
pests;
The outbreaks of San Jose scales, white peach scale, woolly
apple aphid and mites are preventable if natural enemies
are protected and soft and selective insecticides with a
narrow activity spectrum utilized against BMSB;
Combinations of BMSB targeted treatments with available
soft and selective management tools should in a long term
help to revive practical benefits from effective integrated
pest management (IPM)
Greg Krawczyk, 2015
2014 Extension Tree Fruit Entomology Group
Lab technicians:
Travis Enyeart and Brian Lehman
Summer Field/Lab Assistants:
Luke Bailey, Nettie Baugher, Tyler Lieberum, Olivia Moore, Martha Schupp
Greg Krawczyk, 2015