Interdependence
What does interdependence mean?
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Mutualism
WORD BANK: Ticks – benefit - mutualism
Complete the fill in task
Some organisms rely on the presence of organisms of a different
species. For example, oxpecker birds eat _____ and larvae infesting
the skin of buffalo and other large animals. This is an example of
_______ - both species _______ from the arrangement.
Parasitism
WORD BANK: Blood – benefit – host - weakens
Parasites are organisms that live on or in a _____ organism. The
parasite ________ from this arrangement, but the host suffers as a
result. Fleas are parasites. They live on the skin of other animals and
suck their blood. This feeds the flea but _________ the host.
Ectoparasities live _____ the body (e.g. tapeworms.)
Ectoparasites live ______ the body (e.g. mistletoe.)
Identify examples of mutualism and parasitism by placing a let M
or P into the boxes.
Mosquitoes drink the blood of its host.
Some Wasps lay their eggs in caterpillars.
Mosquitoes drink the blood of its host.
Attaches to the tongue feeding on hosts blood.
Tapeworms feed on the hosts digested food.
Oxpecker eats tickers on ox’s skin.
Interdependence
Peas, bean and clover are examples of leguminous plants.
Their roots have swellings on them called root nodules.
These contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
The bacteria convert nitrogen from the air into compounds
the plant can use to make proteins. The bacteria receives
sugars from the plant in return.
Q1) Is this an example of parasitism or mutualism?
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Q2) Explain your answer.
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HIGHER: Tubeworms and chemosynthesis
Photosynthesis supports communities on land. Deep in the
ocean there is little light.
Cracks on the sea floor all the release of hydrogen sulphide,
Bacteria can use this substance in order to produce food by a
process called chemosynthesis.
This bacteria lives inside tubeworms. The tubeworms absorb
oxygen allowing the bacteria to make food. The tubeworm then
feeds off the substances that are made.
Is this relationship an example of mutualism or parasitism?
Explain your answer. ____________________________
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