Prohibition.notebook
October 03, 2012
J Bootleggers
Bootleggers in the 1920’s
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Prohibition.notebook
October 03, 2012
Objectives
By the end of this unit students will be able to:
• Identify and define all critical vocabulary necessary to grasp a full understanding of the information being taught in the unit. (Prohibition(18th Amendment), Volstead Act, Organized Crime, Moonshiners, Bootleggers, Rum Runners, Speak Easies)
• Make clear connections between the topics that are discussed and events of modern day US and World history.
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Prohibition.notebook
October 03, 2012
The Volstead Act:
While the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibited the production, sale, and transport of "intoxicating liquors", it did not define "intoxicating liquors" or provide penalties. It granted both the federal government and the states the power to enforce the ban by "appropriate legislation." A bill to do so was introduced in Congress in 1919.
The three distinct purposes of the Act were:
• to prohibit intoxicating beverages,
• to regulate the manufacture, sale, or transport of intoxicating liquor (but not consumption)
• to ensure an ample supply of alcohol and promote its use in scientific research and in the development of fuel, dye and other lawful industries and practices, such as religious rituals.
It provided further that "no person shall manufacture, sell, barter, transport, import, export, deliver, or furnish any intoxicating liquor except as authorized by this act." It did not specifically prohibit the use of intoxicating liquors. The act defined intoxicating liquor as any beverage containing more than 0.5% alcohol by volume and superseded all existing prohibition laws in effect in states that had such legislation.
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October 03, 2012
The Main Problem With the 18th
Amendment
• It did not, prohibit the consumption of the beverages
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Manufacture
• Moonshiners(Uncle Jesse)­ the people who produced the alcohol that was sold in the US. • Where was it produced outside of the US?
­ Canada
­ Caribbean
• Major location of production within the US­ Appalachia. ­ Where is this?
­ Why Appalachia? ­ Drug Trade today?
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Transport
• Locations where it moved and why?
­ Southern Coast of US,Toledo, Detroit, any others?
­ Why?
­ Connection to Drug Trade today?
• Rum Runners­ Transported alcohol on water, where referred to as such because traditionally rum was brought in from the Caribbean. Many times small fast boats or modified cargo and fishing haulers­ Why?
• Bootleggers (such as the duke’s) would usually transport their alcohol in a car faster than the police • What type of alcoholic Beverage did they transport and why?
­ Hard liquor usually nearly 100%
Any problems with this?
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Rum Runner­ Probably on Great Lakes
Loaded Bootlegger Car 7
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Racing
• Bootleggers would think they have the fastest car, and begin to race on the street
• The mentality of the bootlegger was that they had to have the fastest car
Article on the History of Bootleg Cars from HotRod Magazine
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Speakeasies
• 3rd Component to Illegal Alcohol Trafficking
• The Place where they sold the Alcohol­ Ran by Organized Crime Families
• Tricks of the Trade? 9
Prohibition.notebook
October 03, 2012
Bootlegging to Gangs
• Most bootleggers were part of gangs, so they can report to a higher authority, same with speakeasy’s and moonshiners
• Many different gangs lead to high tensions and violence between gangs
• Bootlegging led to Organized Crime
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Organized Crime
• The Mafia originated from bootlegging
• Al Capone, famous Chicago mob boss, generated an income of more than $100 million per year
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Cities of Organized Crimes
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New York
Chicago
Detroit
St. Louis
Tampa
Philadelphia
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New York Gangs
• New York city was split up into five major gangs, each was named after their godfather
• Bonnano, Columbo, Gambino, Genovese, and Lucchese 13
Prohibition.notebook
October 03, 2012
Bootlegging Today
• Bootleggers are still around today, though they use different techniques. It’s still same basic idea, transporting illegal substance of some kind
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Prohibition.notebook
October 03, 2012
Objectives
By the end of this unit students will be able to:
• Identify and define all critical vocabulary necessary to grasp a full understanding of the information being taught in the unit. (President Harding, President Coolidge, President Hoover, Tea­
pot Dome Scandal, Ohio Gang, Flappers, Harlem Renaissance, Mass Media, Golden Age of Sports)
• Explain why the 1920's were caused by WWI and how they will lead to the Great Depression.
• Explain why it was the Golden Age of Sports
• Explain why the Harlem Renaissance took place and its impact on our society.
• Explain the impact of Mass Media on the 1920's and on the future of our country.
• Make clear connections between the topics that are discussed and events of modern day US and World history.
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Harding as President
• Ohio Gang
• Teapot Dome Scandal
• His “Heart Attack”
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Calvin Coolidge
• Business Philosophy
• Election of 1924
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Rise of Industries
• Henry Ford
• Economic Impact of the Automobile
• Social Impact of the Automobile
• Social and Economic Impact of Aircraft
• Sythetics
• Electricity
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Consumer Society
Agricultural Concerns
Economics
• Mellon Plan­ Secretary of Treasury­ Andrew Mellon
Three Goals
Wikipedia­ Mellon Plan
Balance Budget
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Reduce National Debt
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Cut Taxes
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Supply side economics­
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The New Morality
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New importance of Loving Family and personal satisfaction •
Views on relationships were popularized by magazines and other media
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Love and emotion become more important in relationships
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Romance, pleasure and friendship become major components of Marriage
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Women in the 1920’s‐ o
A new “modern” look­ Bobbed or short ended hair
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Flesh toned stockings
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Fashion magazines: Vogue, The Queen, and Harper's Bazaar
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Flapper
Flapper‐ a young, dramatic, stylish, and unconventional (personified the changing behavior of women in the 1920’s)
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Smoked cigarettes
Drank prohibited liquor
Wore revealing attire
Pursued social freedoms
o This created a major consumer culture for women
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Women's Suffrage
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Nineteenth Amendment (Amendment XIX) prohibits each state and the federal government from denying any citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's sex. It was ratified on August 18, 1920.
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Women felt this the KEY to unlocking all closed doors before them
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Not true b/c women didn’t vote together‐ Often voted with their men
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Women in the Workplace
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The presence of women in the workplace became a major part of this New Morality
Women gaining identity through education
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College encouraged women to challenge traditional ideals by pursuing careers
Women pursued financial independence through positions such as...
− Salesclerk
− Secretaries
‐ Telephone operators
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Women in the Workplace Cont.
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These were often jobs men found undesirable and often lower paying than a males wage
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Women fought to seek equal pay but were denied claims by American federation of Labor and most Unions at the time
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Women did however achieve Personal growth and identity in supporting self
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§Women also made contributions in...
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Science/ Medicine/ Law/ Literature
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Florence Sabin research dropped death caused by tuberculosis
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Edith Wharton Pulitzer Prize‐ The Age of Innocence ‐The story is set in upper class New York City in the 1870s.
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Margaret Mead 1928 became the first female anthropologist publishing the highly regarded study Coming of Age in Samoa
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This described life in a Pacific island culture
Margaret Sanger‐ looked to improve standard of living by lowering the birth rate
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Founded American Birth Control League in 1921
Later to become Planned Parenthood in the 1940 s
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Charles Lindbergh­ May 20 1927
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Long Island, NY to Paris, France‐ 33hr flight in Spirit of St. Louis (Minn.)
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First solo non‐stop flight across the Atlantic Ocean
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Restored American belief in the courageous, pioneering individual
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American Art, Literature & Pop. Culture emerge
o People challenged traditional ideas & explored the meaning of being modern…
o Greenwich Village & the south side
Freedom from judgment of old ideals
§ Bohemian describing the nontraditional lifestyles of impoverished(poor/ disadvantaged) artists, writers, musicians, and actors
Expression of "new" more modern ideals
Lost Generation Authors:
F. Scott Fitzgerald, John Steinbeck, T. S. Eliot, John Dos Passos, Waldo Peirce, Isadora Duncan, Abraham Walkowitz, Alan Seeger, and Erich Maria Remarque.
Do you recognize any of the names and what will be similar about all of their work?
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Ernest Hemingway
Novelist­
• Ambulance driver in WWI
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• Pulitzer Prize for fiction 1953
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• Nobel Prize for literature 1954
• American society enjoyed unprecedented levels of prosperity during the "Roaring Twenties" 1920s He will commit suicide
• Exposed emptiness and superficiality of modern society
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Pop Culture 1920's
• The Golden age of Sports
• The Golden Age of Hollywood
• Radio Shows & Music
• Mass Media 30