BNG-345 ORTHOPAEDIC BIOMECHANICS
HOMEWORK 1
Due Wednesday September 14, 2016
PROBLEM 1.1: Identify the primary place or planes of motion (frontal, sagittal, or transverse)
for the following motions:
Part
i
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
Motion
Walking
Squat
Baseball throw
Bench Press
Golf club swing
Baseball bat swing
Ice skater’s spin
Plane
Sagittal
Frontal
Sagittal
Sagittal
Frontal/Transverse
Frontal/Transverse
Transverse
PROBLEM 1.2: Various human joints are sometimes regarded as approximations of common
mechanical joints such as the spherical or ball and socket joint (e.g., the hip with 3 rotational
degrees of freedom) or the hinge (e.g., the knee with one rotational degree of freedom). How
would you describe the motion of the following joints in terms of common mechanical joints?
Some examples are the hinge, ball and socket, and the universal joint, but there are others they
may apply.
Part
Joint
Mechanical Analog
i
Elbow: forearm, flexion-extension via
humerus-ulna
Hinge
ii
Elbow: forearm pronation-supination
via humerus-radius
Wrist
Finger/knuckle joint
Shoulder
1 DOF pivot joint
iii
iv
v
Universal Joint
Hinge
Ball and Socket
PROBLEM 1.3: How are extensor tendons constrained to pass over the wrist joint and the first
metacarpal joint? How are the extensor tendons constrained to pass over the top of the foot?
You can use a picture to help with your description. Please don’t just place a picture without
highlighting and describing the anatomy.
The Extensor Retinaculum is a band of tissue that aligns the extensor tendons over the wrist joint.
The extensor tendons in the foot on constrained by a series of Extensor Retinaculum composed
of the Superior, Inferior, Superior Peroneal, and the Inferior Peroneal.
BNG-345 ORTHOPAEDIC BIOMECHANICS
HOMEWORK 1