Chapter 14
Section 14.1
Properties of Acids and Bases
Common Household
Acids & Bases
Acids:
 Vinegar (acetic acid)
 Lemon Juice (citric acid)
 Carbonated drinks
(carbonic acid)
 Toilet bowl cleaner
(hydrochloric acid)
Bases:
 Window cleaner
(ammonia)
 Drain cleaner (sodium
hydroxide)
 Milk of magnesia
(magnesium hydroxide)
 Rolaids / Tums
Acids





Have a sour taste (lemon, vinegar)
Some acids react with active metals to release
hydrogen gas (ex. Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2)
Change the color of acid-base indicators
React with bases to form “salts” and water –
acids neutralize bases
Some acids conduct electric current (form ions in
solution)
Bases
Have a bitter taste
 Feel slippery (soap is a base)
 Change the color of acid-base indicators
 React with acids to produce “salts” and
water – bases neutralize acids
 Conduct electric current (form ions in
solution)

Naming Acids
Binary acid – contains only two elements,
hydrogen and one other element
 Start with the prefix “hydro”
 Root of second element name
 End with “ic”
HF
hydrofluoric
HCl
hydrochloric
H 2S
hydrosulfuric
Naming Acids
Oxyacid – acid made of hydrogen, oxygen,
and a third element, usually a nonmetal
(hydrogen with a polyatomic ion)
Determine the name of the
polyatomic ion and then:

if the anion ends in “ate” the acid ends in
“ic”
 H2SO4
 HNO3

sulfuric acid
nitric acid
If the anion ends in “ite” the acids ends in
“ous”
 H2SO3
 HNO2
sulfurous
nitrous
Monoprotic, Diprotic, Triprotic
Monoprotic Acid – acid with only one H
(HNO3)
 Diprotic Acid – acid with two H (H2SO4)
 Triprotic Acid – acid with three H (H3PO4)

Homework
Read p. 473-478
 Complete the Acid Base Homework
worksheet (naming acids)
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