Handbooks 39c
Consumer Price Index 2010=100
Handbook for Users
Handbooks 39c
Consumer Price Index 2010=100
Handbook for Users
Helsinki 2012
Inquiries:
Juhani Pekkarinen
Johanna Leivo
+358 9 17 341
khi@stat.fi
Homepage: http://www.tilastokeskus.fi/til/khi/index_en.html
Layout: Marita Potila
© 2012 Statistics Finland
Quoting is encouraged provided Statistics Finland is acknowledged as the source.
ISSN 1797–9439
= Handbooks
ISBN 978–952–244–373–1
Foreword
Statistics Finland began publishing a revised
Consumer Price Index in February 2011, starting
from data for the reference month of January
2011. The Harmonised Indices of Consumer
Prices were revised in the same context. The
base year of the revised Consumer Price Index is
2010. Year 2005 continues as the base year for
the Harmonised Indices of Consumer Prices.
The handbook’s structure and methodological description are based on the previous Con-
sumer Price Index handbook, compiled for the
Consumer Price Index with 2005 as the base
year. The descriptions and methods of the revised indices have been updated in this handbook.
Jaana Gröhn, Jaana Hellman, Ilkka Lehtinen,
Johanna Leivo, Pia Ojansivu, Juhani Pekkarinen,
Sirpa Sillanpää, Paula Toivo and Mari Ylä-Jarkko
participated in the updating of this handbook.
Helsinki, Statistics Finland, January 2012
Kari Molnar
Director, Prices and Wages
Statistics Finland 3
Contents
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1 What is the Consumer Price Index? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1
History of the Consumer Price Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2
Consumer Price Index theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.3
Regulations governing the compilation of the Consumer Price Index . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.4
Links with other statistics on the household sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2 Weight structure and classification of
the Consumer Price Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.1
Weight structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2
Regional indices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.3
Commodity classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3 Commodity and retail outlet samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.1
The item sample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.2
Retail outlet sample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.3
Inclusion of new outlets in the Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.4
Collection frequency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4 Compilation of the Consumer Price Index
in practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.1
From price data to overall index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.2
Seasonal commodities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.3
Missing prices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5 Biases in the Consumer Price Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.1
Substitution bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.2
Bias caused by new products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.3
Bias arising from the retail outlet sample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.4
Bias caused by quality change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6 Problematic items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
6.1
Owner-occupied housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
6.2
Taxes and tax-like payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
6.3
Public services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
7 Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
8 Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices at
Constant Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
9 What is the Consumer Price Index used for? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
10 Publication of the Consumer Price Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
10.1 Average prices of consumption commodities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
10.2 Special indices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Tables
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Consumer Price Indices compiled by Statistics Finland (up to 1971
the Central Statistical Office of Finland) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Weight structure of Consumer Price Index 2010=100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Key indicators of the Consumer Price Index 2010=100 in February 2011 . . . . . . . 10
Calculation of dwelling acquisition price in the Consumer Price Index 2010=100. . . . 16
Weights for owner-occupied housing in the Consumer Price Indices 2010=100
and 2005=100. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Items excluded from the Harmonised Index of Consumer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Weight structure of the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices 2005=100 in 2010. . . 19
Interpretation of Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices at Constant Taxes . . . . . . 20
Appendices
1
2
3
Weight structure and collection frequencies of the Consumer Price Index . . . . . . . 23
Chaining coefficient of old indices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Weights of main groups in regional Consumer Price Indices, % . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4 Statistics Finland
1
What is the Consumer Price Index?
The Consumer Price Index is the most common
measure of inflation. It describes development in
the prices of products and services purchased by
households in Finland. Inflation for a given
month is usually expressed as a year-on-year
change, i.e. as the change in price from the cor-
responding month of the previous year. Developments in the prices of production inputs and
property values are measured with various indices, and several price indices are required to
form an overall view of the inflation prevalent in
the national economy.
1.1 History of the Consumer Price Index
The Consumer Price Index is one of the oldest
and best-known statistical indicators. Statistics
on consumer prices have been compiled in Finland since 1886, and information on the development of consumer prices has been available in
index form since 1921.
The Consumer Price Index has been known
by various names over the years. The indices
produced by Statistics Finland to measure
changes in consumer prices and their reference
years are shown in Table 1. Usually index revisions take place every five years and older index
series are compiled forward by chaining, i.e. they
develop in line with the index with the latest
base year at any given time. As of January 2011,
only the Consumer Price Index 2010=100 is
compiled independently.
Table 1.
Consumer Price Indices compiled by Statistics Finland (up to 1971 the Central Statistical
Office of Finland)
Index
Calculation period
Cost-of-living Index 1914:1–6=100
Cost-of-living Index 1935=100
So-called Old Cost-of-living Index 1938:8–1939:7=100
Cost-of-living Index 1951:10=100
Consumer Price Index 1957:10–12=100
Consumer Price Index 1967=100
Consumer Price Index 1972=100
Consumer Price Index 1977=100
Consumer Price Index 1981=100
Consumer Price Index 1985=100
Consumer Price Index 1990=100
Consumer Price Index 1995=100
Consumer Price Index 2000=100
Consumer Price Index 2005=100
Consumer Price Index 2010=100
1921:1–1937:1
1937:2–1939:9
1939:10–1951:12
1952:1–1957:12
1958:1–1968:3
1968:4–1974:1
1974:2–1979:1
1979:2–1983:10
1983:11–1987:12
1988:1–1992:12
1993:1–1997:11
1997:12–2001:12
2002:1–2005:12
2006:1–2010:12
from 2011:1 onwards
Figure 1.
Inflation according to the Consumer Price Index in 1921 2010
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
–10
1921
1929
1937
1945
1953
1961
1969
1977
1985
1993
2001
2009
1925
1933
1941
1949
1957
1965
1973
1981
1989
1997
2005
Statistics Finland 5
1.2 Consumer Price Index theory
The Consumer Price Index can be defined as follows:
The Consumer Price Index describes development in the
prices of goods and services purchased by households
in Finland, keeping the commodity basket and its
weighting the same throughout the calculation period.
Tax-free purchases and souvenirs from
abroad are not included in the weights of the
Consumer Price Index, but purchases made in
Finland by foreign tourists are included. However, trips abroad paid for in Finland are included in the Consumer Price Index.
The Consumer Price Index is compiled with
a method in which the prices of different commodities are weighted together with their shares
of consumption. The definition of consumption
shares is described in Chapter 2.1. The Index is
compiled with the Laspeyres price index formula, in which the shares of consumption used
as the weights relate to the base period. The
Laspeyres index formula is:
(1)
I t, 0
∑p
=
∑p
ti
q0 i
0i
q0 i
i
× 100 ,
i
where
the index at time, t
I t, 0 =
the price of commodity i in the base period,
p0i =
the price of commodity i in the
p ti =
comparison period,
the amount of commodity i consumed
q0 i =
in the base period.
The Laspeyres index formula in the form
above requires information on the consumed
amounts of various commodities. In practice, this
information is impossible to obtain. However, the
amounts of money spent by households on various
commodities can be obtained. Therefore, the following modified version of the formula (1) is used
in the practical index compilation:
p q
p
(2)
I t, 0 = ∑ ( 0 i 0 i ) × ti × 100 ,
i
∑ p 0 i q0 i p 0 i
i
where
p 0 i q 0 i = the amount of money spent on
commodity in the base period,
∑p
i
0i
q 0 i = the amount of money spent on all
commodities in the base period, and
6 Statistics Finland
p ti
p0 i
= the price ratio of commodity
between the comparison period and
the base period.
In accordance with the formula, the price ratios of commodities are weighted according to
their shares of consumption expenditure in the
base period. The Laspeyres index describes the
price development of a commodity basket in the
base period. It does not take into account
changes in consumption taking place during the
calculation periods. The advantage of the
Laspeyres index is its speed in the compilation
of large volumes of data such as the Consumer
Price Index. Once the base year has been selected, price information is needed only on the
comparison periods for the compilation of the
index. The index is also consistent in aggregation, which facilitates its interpretation.
The Finnish Consumer Price Index is revised
at set intervals, usually every five years. Some
European countries, such as Sweden, the UK
and France, update their consumer price index
annually. The index is then referred to as a chain
index or annual chain index. More precisely, it is
the length of the chain that is relevant, as an index reviewed at five-year intervals is also a chain
index – the length of the chain is five years.
Indices can also be compiled according to other
formulae. Unlike the Laspeyres index, which uses
the weights of the base period, the Paasche index
is compiled as the weighted average of prices in
the comparison period. The Fischer index is the
geometric average of these two. Other formulae in
use include the Törnqvist and Vartia indices.
The Laspeyres index formula is by far the
most widely used, despite its known shortcomings. The Laspeyres index formula is upwardly
biased, i.e. it over-estimates the inflation as the
relative prices change. Index biases are elaborated upon in Chapter 5. While several formulae
superior to the Laspeyres are available they are
difficult to calculate in practice, and the index
formula can be more difficult to decipher.
Finland has traditionally adhered to quite an
orthodox interpretation of the Laspeyres formula and reviewed the weight structure every
five years. However, due to current consumption trends and rapid market movements, a
transfer to annually reviewed weights is also being considered in Finland. Annual chain indices
will be introduced in the Harmonised Indices of
Consumer Prices as of the beginning of 2012,
and in the national Consumer Price Index from
the beginning of 2013.
1.3 Regulations governing the compilation of
the Consumer Price Index
Recommendations of the International Labour
Organisation (ILO) have traditionally been complied (Labour Statistics Convention No. 160,
ratified by Finland in 1987) with in the compilation of the Consumer Price Index. Since 1996,
EU regulations on the compilation of the Harmonised Indices of Consumer Prices have also
influenced the compilation of the national Consumer Price Index.
In 1993, a project was launched and
co-ordinated by the Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat) to harmonise
consumer price indices and develop the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices within the European Union. One of the requirements of the
Treaty of Maastricht for completing the third
phase of the European Monetary Union was that
price stability be determined with comparable
consumer price indices. Work on harmonising
the consumer price indices of different countries
is still ongoing and has already yielded a host of
regulations and guidelines that also cover the
compilation of the national Consumer Price Index. The Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices
is discussed in greater detail in Chapter 7.
The aim in the compilation of the Consumer
Price Index is to integrate national needs with international recommendations. The construction
of the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices
has increased the accuracy and precision of the
employed methods and practices. This is also reflected in the Finnish Consumer Price Index.
1.4 Links with other statistics on the household sector
The weight structure of the Consumer Price Index is based on private consumption expenditure in National Accounts. National Accounts
data on private consumption expenditure derive
from the Household Budget Survey and other
information sources.
Private consumption expenditure in the Consumer Price Index and in National Accounts deviate from each other in following aspects:
– In the Consumer Price Index, the weight for
the housing commodity group is compilated
almost entirely by its own, separate method.
The Consumer Price Index treats owner-occupancy as a consumer durable by, for example, taking into account purchases of new
dwellings and housing loan interest rates. The
Index also includes the interest rates of consumer credits. National Accounts estimate
the price development of owner-occupancy
through the rental market.
– The Consumer Price Index does not take into
account the value of products produced for
own use, such as home-grown vegetables.
– The Consumer Price Index includes neither
expenditure on drugs and prostitution, nor
Finnish households’ consumption abroad.
The consumption expenditure of foreigners
in Finland is included in the Index.
– Insurance premiums are included as net in the
Consumer Price Index, i.e. received compensations are deducted from them.
– The Consumer Price Index considers as private consumption certain tax-like payments,
e.g. the vehicle tax, that are treated as taxes in
National Accounts.
Statistics Finland’s Household Budget Survey
produces information on changes in the consumption expenditure of households and on differences in consumption by population group.
The Survey also studies households’ living conditions, indebtedness, durables in use and income. The Survey is a sample survey, for which
data are collected from households with interviews, saved purchase receipts and kept diaries,
as well as from administrative registers.
Statistics Finland 7
2
Weight structure and classification of
the Consumer Price Index
2.1 Weight structure
The structure of the Consumer Price Index
2010=100 is based on private consumption expenditure in National Accounts from the year
2009. The figures on private consumption expenditure in National Accounts are based on the
Household Budget Survey of 2006. The value of
the commodity basket of the Consumer Price
Index was EUR 83,308 million in 2010. The following table shows the weight structure of the
Consumer Price Index by commodity group for
the whole country in euros and percentage
shares. The average monthly consumption in euros per household is also calculated for each
group.
National Accounts data on consumption expenditure are only available at a rough level. For
the parts where the itemisation of consumption
was not detailed enough in National Accounts,
the summary level weight was divided into
sub-items, primarily with the help of consumption forecast for 2009 based on the 2006 Household Budget Survey. Where the itemisation of
consumption was not detailed enough in the
Household Budget Survey, the summary level
weight was divided with the help of information
about consumption obtained from other
sources. This method was used in apportioning
the weight shares for food and clothing, for
example.
According to National Accounts, private consumption expenditure totalled EUR 91,807 million in 2009. For the Consumer Price Index,
producers’ own consumption, which totalled
EUR 87 million, and expenditure on narcotics
and prostitution, which totalled EUR 235 million, were deducted from this. The consumption
expenditure of non-profit organisations, totalling EUR 4,432 million, was also deducted from
the consumption expenditure of National Accounts. On the other hand, the consumption expenditure of foreigners in Finland, totalling EUR
2,022 million, was added to the consumption
expenditure of National Accounts. A total of
EUR 89,075 million was eventually used from
National Accounts as the basis for the weighting
structure.
The overall consumption calculated from
National Accounts was adjusted with a separate
method for calculating weights for the housing
commodity group. In the Accounts, the value
weight of the commodity group of housing was
EUR 23,912 million in 2009. In the Consumer
Price Index 2010=100, the value weight of the
commodity group of housing is EUR 19,015
million. Vehicle tax, totalling EUR 616 million,
and interest on consumer credits, totalling EUR
907 million, were added to the value weight of
the Consumer Price Index. In addition, compensations paid were deducted from the value
Table 2.
Weight structure of Consumer Price Index 2010=100
Coicop
0
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
Commodity group
Total,
EUR million
EUR per month
per household
Share, %
Total index
83,308
2,762
100.00
Food and non-alcoholic beverages
Alcoholic beverages, tobacco
Clothing and footwear
Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels
Furnishings, household equipment and routine
maintenance of the house
Health
Transport
Communication
Recreation and culture
Education
Restaurants and hotels
Miscellaneous goods and services
11,159
4,738
4,421
19,015
370
157
147
631
13.40
5.69
5.31
22.82
4,737
4,138
10,867
1,999
10,323
423
5,872
5,615
157
137
360
66
342
14
195
186
5.69
4.97
13.04
2.40
12.39
0.51
7.05
6.74
8 Statistics Finland
weight of insurance premiums, and difference in
the measurement of financial services, as well as
addition of the acquisition cost of motor vehicles
were taken into account. After this, the 2009
value weights were raised to the 2010 level with
commodity-specific price indices. The obtained
sum total for the value weights of the Consumer
Price Index was EUR 83,308 million.
2.2 Regional indices
The Consumer Price Index for the whole country is compiled from indices by major region.
Under the 2008 NUTS2 classification, Finland
divides into five major regions. In the Consumer
Price Index, Southern Finland is additionally divided into Uusimaa and Rest of Southern Fin-
land. The weights of the indices by major region
were formed direct from the information in the
Household Budget Survey by the regional division at the NUTS2 level. The weight structure is
shown in Annex 3 of the handbook.
2.3 Commodity classification
The COICOP (Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose) classification is
used in the Consumer Price Index. The
COICOP is one of the classifications according
to purpose of use of the United Nations’ System
of National Accounts. The classification to be
used in the Consumer Price Index has been ratified in EU Commission Regulation (EC) No
2214/96, as amended by Regulations (EC) No
1687/98 and 1617/1999. The EU’s classification
covers three classification levels to which three
sub-levels have been added for national needs.
National Accounts, the Household Budget Survey and the Harmonised Index of Consumer
Prices also use the COICOP commodity classification, but apply slightly differing versions of it.
Statistics Finland 9
3
Commodity and retail outlet samples
The practical compilation of the Consumer
Price Index is based on monitoring of the prices
of the index basket commodities. The Index
does not track the prices of all goods and services. The aim is to have a group of commodities
that are as representative as possible and are
equally available throughout the country. Each
commodity represents at least one per mille, i.e.
one decimal of a per cent, of the EUR 83.3 billion value of the consumption basket. Special attention is also paid to keeping the index basket
up to date. New commodities are introduced,
old ones removed and quality specifications reviewed when the index is updated.
Table 3.
Key indicators of the Consumer Price Index 2010=100
in February 2011
Key indicator
Quantity
Commodities
Outlet/collection sites
Collection municipalities
Price data per month
Interviewers collecting prices
483
2,900
114
51,000
44
3.1 The item sample
The item sample, i.e. the selection of the commodities in the index basket, was formed by utilising data from National Accounts, the Household Budget Survey and other sources, such as
statistics on retail trade sales. The main methods
in the selection were:
– Probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling1, stratified by products and focusing on
high sales values (e.g. magazines and prescription drugs).
– Selection of the most sold products in terms
of sales value (e.g. daily consumer goods)
– Purposive sampling based on expert views in
the absence of comprehensive sales data (e.g.
optical industry products and restaurant
food)
– Other methods (e.g. cluster sampling by
brand and price group for new cars).
The Index basket contains 483 items. The list of
items is included in Annex 1. Daily consumer
goods (including fuels) comprise 173 items (representing 21% of the value weight of the Consumer Price Index), consumer durables and services 229 items (30%) and centralised collection
81 items (49%).
The actual products on which Statistics Finland’s interviewers collect price information are
specified in detail in all commodity groups. Several price observations are collected from around
the country for each product. Around 51,000
price observations are collected every month.
3.2 Retail outlet sample
The outlets from which the data for the Consumer Price Index are collected are selected to
represent the structure of the retail trade as
closely as possible with regard to the size of central retail corporations and outlets. The aim is to
take regional differences into account as well.
For the time being, statistical sampling can only
be used to select stores for daily consumer goods
because a sufficiently reliable and accurate outlet-specific frame is not available for other out1
lets. Price data are collected direct from 2,700
outlets, and additionally some of the prices are
collected from other sources.
3.2.1 Daily consumer goods stores
The sample of daily consumer goods stores was
drawn from the non-specialised retail outlets in
Statistics Finland’s Business Register. The “PPS
sampling method,” stressing the largest outlets in
PPS (Probability Proportional to Size) means sampling according to size of sample unit.
10 Statistics Finland
terms of turnover, was used in the selection. The
total number of outlets selected to the sample
according to the division into major regions applied in the Consumer Price Index was 120.
3.2.2 Petrol stations
The Finnish Oil and Gas Federation’s information on petrol stations’ market shares in 2009
was used as the basis for the sample of petrol stations. Based on this, Statistics Finland’s interviewers selected for their area representative
petrol stations belonging to the specified chains.
The sample comprises around 70 service stations. Prices are collected for 95 and 98 octane
petrol and for diesel oil.
3.2.3 Specialised stores
Specialised stores comprise retail trade outlets of
e.g. clothes, household appliances and furniture,
and service establishments (e.g. hairdressers and
photographer’s studios), whose commodity selection consists of consumer durables or services.
It has not been possible to use a statistical sampling method for selecting specialised stores for
the price collection, so Statistics Finland’s interviewers have chosen suitable outlets from their
area according to specified criteria and by drawing on their knowledge of the area. The sample
comprises good 2,400 outlets from 75 municipalities.
3.2.4 Other collection targets
Statistics Finland gathers information by a centralised collection of prices that are the same
throughout the country (e.g. tobacco, train journeys, mobile phone calls and television licences),
are based on other statistics (e.g. alcohol, electricity and housing) or for which price collecting
is otherwise most appropriate by a centralised
method (e.g. new cars and package holidays).
The data providers comprise large enterprises,
organisations and public authorities. In addition,
prices are drawn from the Internet and from
mail order catalogues. This group comprises
around 250 outlets or other collection targets.
3.3 Inclusion of new outlets in the Index
When the base year 2005=100 was changed to
base year 2010=100, the transition to new collection outlets took place with an overlap so that
prices were collected from both old and new
outlets in November-December 2010. The
prices for the new items in the Consumer Price
Index 2010=100 were also collected from the
old outlets that continued in the collection.
3.4 Collection frequency
The prices for the Consumer Price Index are collected monthly between the 10th and 20th day
of the month. The reference point of time varies
in the centralised collection (e.g. the monthly
average price or the price half-way through the
month). The prices for all daily consumer goods
are collected every month. The prices for sea-
sonal products are collected when they are generally available and when their sold volumes are
sufficiently large. For example, prices for cultivated strawberries are collected only in July.
Collection frequencies by commodity are given
in Annex 1.
Statistics Finland 11
4
Compilation of the Consumer Price Index
in practice
4.1 From price data to overall index
The monthly compilation of the Consumer Price
Index is based approximately on 51,000 price
observations. The most accurate level for which
fixed weights are used in the Index compilation
is the micro index level. The Consumer Price Index covers 483 index items and six major regions, giving 2,898 (483 x 6) micro level indices.
The micro level indices are calculated for each
major region as the geometric average of commodity-specific prices with the following formula:
(3)
I t, 0 = i
p ti
∏p
i
where
p 0 i = the price of commodity in the base
period and
p ti = the price of commodity in the comparison
period.
These micro-indices are first weighted with the
major region product weights into national product indices, and the product indices are then
weighted with the whole country’s product
weights into overall indices as described in
Chapter 1.2.
,
0i
4.2 Seasonal commodities
Seasonal commodities include summer and winter clothes and certain commodities related to
outdoor recreation and sport. The guiding principle is that the prices of seasonal commodities
are only collected when they are available in sufficient quantities. The prices for winter clothes
are normally collected from October to February, and the prices for summer clothes from
March to September. The price development of
clothing is characterized by a change of model
collection at the beginning of the season and
sharp drop in the prices at the beginning of the
sales season. The weights are the same for each
month.
Once the sales are over, in February and September, the reduced prices of seasonal items are
returned to their normal level in the Index compilation because when the next season starts,
comparisons are made to the normal price level.
If the reduced prices were not raised to their
Figure 2.
Consumer Price Index (2005=100) for clothing and footwear (2005=100) 2005–10/2011.
110
105
100
95
90
85
80
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
normal level again at the end of the sales, the index for clothing would always rise at the start of
the season, giving a false impression of the actual
price trend. The treatment of clothing sales ties
in with a problem of quality changes, which is
discussed in more detail in Chapter 5.4.
4.3 Missing prices
Missing prices are dealt with in accordance with
the Commission Regulation ((EC) No 1749/96)
on the production of the Harmonised Index of
Consumer Prices. The price of an item not on
12 Statistics Finland
sale at the time of collection is deleted from the
index calculation. A price can be missing for two
months at most, after which the collected item
has to be replaced with a new one.
5
Biases in the Consumer Price Index
5.1 Substitution bias
The Laspeyres fixed-weight index formula does
not take into account any change in consumption due to a change in relative prices. For example, if the price of chicken drops compared to
the price of beef, the demand for chicken will
rise as the demand for beef falls. A fixed-weight
index using the weights of the base year does not
take this into account. The bias caused by this is
known as substitution bias.
The magnitude of the substitution bias depends on households’ reaction to the change in
prices and the magnitude of the price change.
The less frequent the adjustment in the index
weight structure, the greater the substitution
bias. Finland’s Consumer Price Index has traditionally been adjusted every five years. The substitution bias is estimated as being non-significant at the overall index level.
5.2 Bias caused by new products
A fixed-weight Consumer Price Index using base
period weights may be particularly prone to bias
when new products, such as consumer electronics, enter the market. If prices fall abruptly and
this causes a great rise in demand, a fixed-weight
index is not, perhaps, capable of taking this into
account sufficiently quickly. In such cases, a single product may have a noticeable effect on the
year-on-year change in the Consumer Price Index. The source of this possible bias has been addressed with European Commission Regulation
(EC) No 1749/96. New products that are improved versions of existing ones are more easily
integrated as replacements into the selections of
the Consumer Price Index basket.
5.3 Bias arising from the retail outlet sample
The retail outlet sample is reassessed in index revisions. The aim then is to keep the selected outlets the same throughout the index period. If
households start to favour a certain type of outlet, such as big hypermarkets instead of smaller
shops, this can be a potential source of bias if the
prices or price evolutions of products differ.
The significance of the bias arising from the
retail outlet sample is not likely to be very high
in the Finnish Consumer Price Index, which
draws on quite a large number of outlets
(around 2,900) in proportion to country size.
Moreover, outlets that close down are replaced
with new ones, taking into account the market
situation of the collection area. A change of a
collection outlet does not cause a change in the
index. The price of a product may vary from one
type of outlet to another due to, among other
things, differences in the level of service, the location of the outlet, the extent of product range
and the pricing policy.
5.4 Bias caused by quality change
The objective of the Consumer Price Index is to
measure pure price change. Any changes in the
quality of goods and services must therefore be
taken into account in the index calculation. The
potential bias caused by changes in quality is
considered to be the biggest problem for the
Consumer Price Index and over the last years a
lot of attention has been given to it.
Quality changes must be addressed in the
compilation of the Consumer Price Index when
a product for which price data are collected
must for some reason be replaced by another
one. One reason can be that the product has
Statistics Finland 13
been removed from the outlet’s selection. Another reason can be that the product is outdated
and replaced on the market by a new model that
better represents the product group concerned.
In both cases, the product is replaced with another one meaning that the difference in quality
between the old and the new product must be
estimated as well as possible.
Quality change problems are biggest in consumer durables (e.g. clothes, household appliances, household equipment, entertainment
electronics and leisure equipment) and certain
services. Changes are quite frequent in these
products and evaluations of differences in quality are often challenging. By contrast, in daily
consumer goods, product changes are less frequent and the evaluation of quality differences is
also easier.
Quality changes present a constant challenge
to indices. Work on them is done both nationally
and internationally. The work is steered by
Eurostat’s recommendations.
5.4.1 Handling quality changes in
the Consumer Price Index
The Consumer Price Index aims to be a pure
price index. This means that when products
change any possible price change due to altered
quality should be eliminated. Diverse methods
are used in the evaluation of quality change. The
14 Statistics Finland
most commonly used is expert assessment. The
effect of the quality change is assessed by Statistics Finland’s price collectors with the help of
sales staff. The idea in this is that the price collector sees the product in the outlet while the
sales staff have expertise in the outlet’s products. Thus, they are able to make as good an assessment as possible of differences in quality.
The assessments are centrally checked at Statistics Finland. Two quality change categories are
usually applied:
– The qualities are the same; the price difference goes into the index in full.
– A totally different product is in question and
comparison is impossible; the entire price difference is treated as quality change and the
index for the product does not change.
Expert assessment is used in the collecting of
prices for both daily consumer goods and durable consumer goods.
Another quality change adjustment methods
used in the Finnish Consumer Price Index is the
so-called hedonic method. In the hedonic quality change adjustment method the price of a
commodity is described as a function of its properties. When the properties are standardised to a
certain level, the price of a commodity standardised for quality can be monitored. This method
is currently used in the monitoring of prices for
used cars and housing.
6
Problematic items
6.1 Owner-occupied housing
6.1.1 Measurement of owner-occupied
housing in the history of the
Consumer Price Index
Up to 1967, all forms of housing, including
owner-occupied housing, were measured in the
Consumer Price Index only with rents. Between
1968 and 1974, the Building Cost Index was also
included in the measurement. From 1975 to
1984, owner-occupied housing was measured by
the imputation method, in which the prices of
owner-occupied dwellings developed in the
same way as the rents of dwellings of similar
quality. Up to 1995, the Finnish housing market
was subject to rent control, which, in practice,
limited the functioning of the rental market.
Monitoring of the prices of owner-occupied
dwelling with the rents for corresponding dwellings proved unsatisfactory. The controlled rents
did not develop in line with changes in the level
of costs. A separate measurement method was
developed for owner-occupied housing in the
1985=100 index. Since 1988, capital costs of
owner-occupied housing, prices of dwellings and
housing loan interest rates have affected the development of the Consumer Price Index. The
premise was the “user cost” model, under which
market rents were derived from the running
costs of dwellings. In this model, the prices of
dwellings and housing loan interest rates were
used as measurements for price development for
the depreciation of equity and the return of
investment for alternative way of capital
investment.
The method for measuring owner-occupied
housing has remained unchanged in later revisions of the Consumer Price Index. However,
the depreciation cost item has been partially
transferred to renovations, whose price development is measured with sub-indices of the
Building Cost Index.
6.1.2 What makes owner-occupied
housing problematic?
Today, the Consumer Price Index has two objectives: on the one hand, it should function as a
compensating tool2 but also as an indicator mea2
suring the efficiency of monetary policy. The use
of the Consumer Price Index as a compensation
index has been emphasised in Finland. This is
particularly evident when pensions and social
benefits are being reviewed.
The European Central Bank (ECB) has a different objective. According to the ECB, the
Consumer Price Index should be modified to
permit comparison of the price trends in different countries. In addition to emphasising comparability, the ECB and the European Commission
also point out that the calculation of inflation
must be based on real transactions observed on
the markets and that imputed prices should not
be included in the Consumer Price Index.
In the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices
owner-occupied housing has been excluded
from the inflation measure because the acquisition of own home is regarded as investment
rather than consumption. On the other hand, an
owner-occupied dwelling may be viewed as a
consumer durable that is purchased during one
period but is used for many years.
The interest on housing loans is an altogether
different problem. When buying a home on a
loan, the interest is a considerable expenditure
item for the household. On the other hand, the
interest is a part of the method of payment, and
methods of payment should not have any effect
on price development as such.
6.1.3 Measurement of owner-occupied
housing in the Consumer Price
Index 2010=100
In principle, there were three possible methods
for measuring owner-occupied housing in the
Consumer Price Index:
– Imputation method, in which the price development of owner-occupied housing is imputed from the price development, i.e. rents,
of rental dwellings of corresponding quality,
– Method based on running costs without return on capital or
– Method based on the net acquisition price,
excluding interest and return on capital,
broadly covering renovation building.
So-called COL, or cost of living principle, as seen from the angle of the consumer s choice theory and the welfare theory.
Statistics Finland 15
6.1.3.1 Measuring the price development of
owner-occupied housing
When evaluating the method for measuring
owner-occupied housing, a method based on net
acquisition that includes the housing loan interest was settled on. In the Consumer Price Index
2010=100, the development of housing prices is
measured like any other consumer durable.
The items in owner-occupied housing (commodity group 04.2) are:
04.2.1 Acquisition of new dwelling
04.2.2 Renovation costs
04.2.3 Interests on housing loans
04.2.4 Other costs for owner-occupied housing.
Acquisition of new dwelling. When calculating
the value weights, only new dwellings purchased
by households are included in the dwelling purchases. As old dwellings sold by households are
usually purchased by other households, the net
cost effect of old dwellings is zero for households. It is also assumed that households sell
dwellings to the business sector at the same
price as they buy them from it. The value of the
dwellings owned by the business sector was excluded from the value of new dwellings. This
was estimated to be the same as the business sector’s proportion of sales of old units in housing
companies.
There is considerable variation in the number
of new units in housing companies and detached
houses that are built annually. The average for
2006–2009 was used in the calculation of the
value weights, and these transactions were valued
at 2010 prices. The annual quantity data (number) and average floor areas for new dwelling production were obtained from Statistics Finland’s
dwelling production statistics. The number of
rental dwellings financed by the Housing Fund of
Finland was subtracted from these.
Because for the time being there are no statistics on the prices of new detached houses, unencumbered selling prices (m2 prices) of old detached houses were used in the calculations.
These prices were adjusted with price information for 2006–2009 on units in new and old
housing companies (price ratio coefficient of
new and old housing units – the n/o coefficient).
According to Eurostat’s current plans, the
value of the plot must be excluded from the
prices of new dwellings in the model for measuring the price development of owner-occupied
housing. Therefore, the value of the plot was excluded from the values of new dwellings by esti3
Table 4.
Calculation of dwelling acquisition price in the Consumer
Price Index 2010=100
Variable
Blocks of flats Detached
and terraced houses
houses
Quantity (qty)
10,262
Sq. meter price (m2 price), EUR
2,719
New/old m2 price ratio (n/o coefficient)
–
Average floor area (area), m2
67.0
Value of plot, percentage of m2 price
11.9
Business sector's percentage of transactions
3.8
13,491
1,859
1.44
139.9
11.9
–
mating the value of the plot with the help of
prices for detached houses and unbuilt detached
house plots.
The weight value for the acquisition of new
detached houses was obtained with the following formula:
(4)
qty x price per m2 x n/o coefficient x
floor area – value of plot
The weight value for the acquisition of new
units in housing companies was obtained with
the following formula:
(5)
qty x price per m2 x floor area – -value
of plot – business sector’s share
It is assumed that the business sector does not
purchase new detached houses. The value of detached houses built on a do-it-yourself basis was
also estimated in this way.
The values of new dwellings thus calculated
for 2006–2009 were raised to the 2010 level by
using the price index for new units in housing
companies and old detached houses.
According to the calculations, the value of
new units in housing companies purchased by
households was EUR 1.7 billion in 2010, i.e. 2.1
per cent, and the value of detached houses EUR
3.3 billion, i.e. 4.0 per cent of the weight value
of the entire index. Indices for the prices of old
units in housing companies and old detached
houses are utilized in the price monitoring.3
Changes in dwelling prices affect the Consumer Price Index through dwelling acquisition
price (6.1%), estate agent’s fee (0.5%) and document redemption fee (capital transfer tax 0.3%)
by a total weight of 6.8 per cent.
Renovation costs. The index monitoring extends to renovations by housing companies or
unit occupants themselves, and those of detached houses. The value weights for these items
A price index for new units in housing companies has been published since April 2008. However, prices in the
Consumer Price Index are measured by using the price index for old dwellings because it covers more
observations and is more reliable.
16 Statistics Finland
have been obtained from Statistics Finland’s renovation building statistics and Household Budget Survey. Renovation expenses paid by households totalled EUR 1.4 billion in 2010. The price
development of these cost items is measured in
accordance with the price development of the
various sub-items of the Building Cost Index.
Interests on housing loans. The value weights of
housing loan interest rates have been calculated
on the basis of the Bank of Finland’s housing loan
stock and the average housing loan interest rate
for households for 2010. The final weights take
into account households’ possibility to deduct 28
per cent of housing loan interests in taxation. Calculated in this way, households paid EUR 1.1 billion in housing loan interests in 2010.
Estate agent’s fee and capital transfer tax. The
weight for the estate agent’s fee has been estimated from the numbers and fees for transactions in old units in housing companies, plots
and free-time residences, and the share of these
transactions made through estate agents. The
weight thus obtained for 2010 was EUR 399.2
million. The price monitoring of the estate
agent’s fee is based on trends in the prices of
dwellings and estate agents’ fees.
The accrual of capital transfer tax was estimated from the value of transactions in housing
units and real estate, and the capital transfer tax
rate. The total value obtained for the accrual of
capital transfer tax in 2010 was EUR 237
million.
6.1.3.2 Measurement of price development
of other owner-occupied housing
consumption items
The housing commodity group contains items
other than the commodities and services under
04.2. They are:
04.3
Maintenance and repair of the dwelling
04.3.1 Materials for the maintenance
and repair of the dwelling
04.4
04.3.2 Services for the maintenance
and repair of the dwelling
Water supply and miscellaneous services
relating to the dwelling
04.4.1 Water supply
04.4.2 Refuse collection
04.4.3 Sewerage collection
04.4.4 Other services relating to
the dwelling
04.4.4.1 Maintenance services
of blocks of flats
04.4.4.3 Chimney sweeping.
The expenses of commodity group 04.3
mainly concern owner-occupied dwellings, but
maintenance and repair expenses paid by tenants
also belong in the division. These are monitored
against development in the prices of paints, wallpaper, floor coverings and other materials for
do-it-yourself renovations. The price development of maintenance and repairs is tracked on
the basis of wage developments in the
construction sector.
The majority of expenses in group 04.4 concern owner-occupied housing. The water
charges paid by tenants are viewed as being part
of the rent. Water, waste disposal and chimney
sweeping fees are monitored against the tariffs of
large municipalities. Real estate tax has been excluded from the value weight of housing companies’ maintenance fees. The price movement of
the maintenance fee is tracked with an annual
sample survey of around 2,500 housing
companies.
Table 5.
Weights for owner-occupied housing in the Consumer Price Indices 2010=100 and 2005=100
Hyödyke
04 Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels
04.1 Actual rentals for housing
04.2 Owner-occupied housing
04.2.1 Acquisition of new dwelling
04.2.2 Renovations
04.2.3 Interest on housing loans
04.2.4 Other costs for owner-occupied housing
04.3 Maintenance and repair of the dwelling
04.4 Water supply and miscellaneous services relating to the dwelling
04.5 Electricity, gas and other fuels
2010=100, %
22.8
7.4
9.8
6.1
1.7
1.3
0.8
0.6
2.1
2.9
2005=100, %
21.3
7.4
8.7
4.7
2.0
1.4
0.5
0.9
2.2
2.1
Difference,
percentage points
1.5
0.0
1.1
1.4
–0.3
–0.1
0.3
–0.3
–0.1
0.8
Statistics Finland 17
6.2 Taxes and tax-like payments
The Consumer Price Index includes all indirect
taxes paid by the consumers: value added tax
and commodity taxes such as the fuel, alcohol
and tobacco tax. The TV licence fee, for example, is counted as private consumption and included in the Consumer Price Index. Certain
tax-like payments that are interpreted as taxes in
National Accounts are counted as consumption
in the Consumer Price Index. These include
hunting and fishing permits and the vehicle tax.
If one of these tax-like payments is made into a
directly collected tax, it means that the Consumer Price Index falls even though direct taxation rises by the corresponding euro amount.
6.3 Public services
The inclusion of public services in the Consumer
Price Index is problematic in a certain respect
because determining the right price concept may
be difficult. The basic principle for an index intended specifically for compensation use is that
it should reflect the real shares and prices paid
18 Statistics Finland
by consumers. The Consumer Price Index extends to public services, and these have been incorporated it in the proportion of the prices paid
by consumers, e.g. reimbursable medicines are
included as net amounts.
7
Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices
The Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices measures changes in consumer prices in the countries of the European Economic Area by means
of a comparable definition of consumption and
method. Its main purpose is to enable comparisons of inflation in the EU Member States. The
Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices does not
include such items as purchases of owner-occupied dwellings and capital expenditure, games of
chance or tax-like payments such as the vehicle
tax. It covers 86.4 per cent of the consumption
expenditure of the national Consumer Price Index. The consumption items and compilation
rules of the Harmonised Index of Consumer
Prices are specified in EU Regulations. Either the
national Consumer Price Index or the
Cost-of-Living Index is used in domestic use, for
instance when index-linking rents, because these
cover household consumption in its entirety.
The Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices is
based on the same price and weighting data as
the national Consumer Price Index. The Index is
compiled monthly from the price data for the
Consumer Price Index using its own weight
structure. The base year of the Index is 2005.
The Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices
thus provides a sound basis for comparisons of
inflation within the European Economic Area. It
should, however, be stressed when making comparisons that the Index does not indicate
whether a country is “expensive” or “cheap”
from, say, the tourist’s point of view; it merely
reflects change in the price levels.
The Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices is
also used to compile special indices for measuring the price development of certain commodity
or service groups. These include energy, services,
industrial goods and food. Eurostat publishes on
its website special monthly indices also for Finland.
Table 6.
Items excluded from the Harmonised Index of Consumer
COICOP
Commodity group
Weight in
the CPI, %
04.2
Owner-occupied housing
9.8
07.2.4.2.1.1 Vehicle tax
0.8
09.4.3.1.1.1 Games of chance
1.9
12.5.2.1.1.2 Premium for fire insurance on detached house 0.1
12.6.2.1.1.2 Interests on consumer credits
1.1
Items excluded from the Harmonised Index
of Consumer Prices, total
13.6
Table 7.
Weight structure of the Harmonised Index of Consumer
Prices 2005=100 in 2010
Coicop Commodity group
0
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
Total,
Share, %
EUR million
Total index
71,942
100.00
Food and non-alcoholic beverages
11,159
15.51
Alcoholic beverages and tobacco
4,738
6.59
Clothing and footwear
4,421
6.14
Housing, water, electricity,
gas and other fuels
10,854
15.09
Furnishings, households appliances
and routine maintenance of the
house
4,737
6.58
Health
4,138
5.75
Transport
10,225
14.21
Communication
1,999
2.78
Recreation and culture
8,743
12.15
Education
423
0.59
Restaurants and hotels
5,872
8.16
Miscellaneous goods and services
4,631
6.44
Statistics Finland 19
8
Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices at
Constant Taxes
The Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices at
Constant Taxes is a variant of the Harmonised
Index of Consumer Prices. The two differ from
each other in that the tax rate is held constant
relative to the base period in the Index at Constant Taxes. In other words, the effect of
changes in tax rates (VAT and commodity
taxes) is eliminated in the Index at Constant
Taxes, so that only the pure market inflation remains. The Harmonised Index of Consumer
Prices at Constant Taxes has been produced
since 2005. Its production is based on Eurostat’s
recommendation.
The table below depicts the interpretation of
the Index at Constant Taxes relative to the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices.
Table 8.
Interpretation of Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices at Constant Taxes
and the month-on-month change
If the month-on-month
change of the Harmonised of the Index at Constant Taxes is
Index of Consumer Prices is
then the impact of taxes is
percentage points
1.20%
0.90%
0.3
1.20%
1.40%
–0.2
1.20%
1.20%
0
20 Statistics Finland
Interpretation
Changes in tax rates from previous month have hiked prices up by 0.3 percentage points
and market inflation is 0.9%
Changes in tax rates from previous month have brought prices down by 0.2 percentage
points and market inflation is 1.4%
No changes from previous month have taken
place in tax rates
9
What is the Consumer Price Index used for?
The Consumer Price Index is the most commonly used measure of inflation. It is used to determine how much the value of an index basket
complying with a certain consumption structure
changes during a certain period.
Calculation of the index change:
How much has the index changed between
points of time 1 and 2?
I 2 − I1
× 100
I1
I 1 = point figure at point of time 1 and
I 2 = point figure at point of time 2.
Point figure of the Consumer Price Index
2010=100 in April 2011 = 103.2, and in April
2010 = 100.0.
103.2 − 100. 0
× 100 = 3. 2%.
100.0
Example of deflation calculation:
The FIM 1,000 from 1975 is first converted
into euros with the coefficient 5.94573 =
EUR 168.19, and is then converted to the
2010 price level:
The point figure of the Cost-of-living Index
1951:10=100 in 1975 = 392 and in 2010 =
1,751
1751
,
× 168.19 = 751.28 euros.
392
The Consumer Price Index has also been used
extensively in wage negotiations in efforts to secure the development of real earnings by means
of the Index. An example of the calculation of
real earnings is:
According to the Index of Wage and Salary
Earnings, income rose by an average of 2.6 per
cent from 2009 to 2010. Over the same period, consumer prices rose by 1.2 per cent.
Real earnings, i.e. the purchasing power of income, changed:
102.6 − 101.2
× 100 = 1. 4 %.
101.2
When examining the development of
households’ purchasing power, it is worth remembering that changes in direct taxation, as well as in
income transfers, are not visible in the Consumer
Price Index. For example, if direct taxation is cut
and indirect taxes – for example alcohol, tobacco
or value added tax – are raised, inflation accelerates. However, the real purchasing power of households may remain unchanged even if, calculated
with the Consumer Price Index, the purchasing
power would seem to weaken. Changes in indirect
taxes are seen in the difference between the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices and the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices at Constant
Taxes described in Chapter 8.
Index linkages in Finland. In Finland, the use
of the index clause has been restricted by legislation since 1968. The currently valid “Act on
Limiting the Use of Index Clauses of 21 December 2000/1195” dates from the year 2000. The
Act has been reviewed frequently, and its validity
has been extended with slight adjustments up to
the end of 2012. The Act contains many provisions with which it permits the use of index
clauses in various cases.
National pensions are tied to the Cost-of-living Index. The point figure of the national pensions index for the following year is calculated as
an average of the months of the third quarter
(July, August and September).
Employment pensions are adjusted annually
with the employment pensions index. The size of
index adjustments is influenced by changes in consumer prices and wages. In the employment pensions index, price level change accounts for 80 per
cent and earnings level change for 20 per cent.
When calculating a new starting pension, the wages
and salaries earned during the working career are
adjusted with a wage coefficient to the level of the
year in which the pension commences. In the wage
coefficient the figures are reversed: price level
change accounts for 20 per cent and income level
change for 80 per cent. The employment pensions
index is used to adjust pensions currently being
paid. The wage coefficient has been used since
2005 to adjust income during working life, self-employment income, threshold amounts decreed in
employment pension acts and paid-up policies.
A third index, the so-called TEL Fifty-fifty
Index, will be used in the employment pension system up to 2012. It is used to calculate new pensions in cases where the pension is calculated according to regulations that were in force before
2005. In the TEL Fifty-fifty Index, the share of
change in both the price and the income level is 50
per cent.
The rents of dwellings, business premises and
land are often tied to the Cost-of-living Index
1951:10=100. The Cost-of-living Index is the
best from the user’s point of view because index
revisions do not interrupt the series and its point
figures are published monthly.
Statistics Finland 21
10 Publication of the Consumer Price Index
The Consumer Price Index, the Harmonised index of Consumer Prices, the Harmonised Index
of Consumer Prices at Constant Taxes and the
Cost-of-living Index are published monthly on
the 14th day of the month following the reference month. If the 14th day falls on a weekend,
the data are published on the weekday closest to
it: instead of Saturday the 14th on the Friday
preceding it and instead of Sunday the 14th on
the Monday after it. The Indices for January are
published on 19 February or on the weekday
closest to it.
The Consumer Price Index is published
monthly both as a printed hard copy and a pdf
version. Besides the Consumer Price Index, the
publication contains data from the Cost-of-living Index, the Harmonised Index of Consumer
Prices and the Harmonised Index of Consumer
Prices at Constant Taxes. The printed publication is subject to a charge (only in Finnish).
In addition, the Consumer Price Index section of Statistics Finland’s website service contains freely accessible data on the Consumer
Price Index, the Harmonised Index of Consumer
Prices, the Harmonised Index of Consumer
Prices at Constant Taxes and the Cost-of-living
Index (www.stat.fi > Statistics > Statistics by
topic > Prices and Costs > Consumer Price
Index).
The web pages of the Consumer Price Index
contain, for example, statistical releases, pdf
publications, quality descriptions (only in Finnish), explanations of key concepts and definitions, and detailed data in table format. Tables
of average prices of commodities and coefficients for value of money, as well as examples on
how the Index is utilised can also be found in the
web section on the Consumer Price Index.
10.1 Average prices of consumption commodities
The Consumer Price Index data are also used to
calculate national average prices for around 160
commodities, mostly daily consumer goods. The
average prices describe the prices actually paid
by consumers as they take into account reductions and special offers. Information is published
on commodities whose quality is sufficiently
uniform and for which a statistically reliable average price can be calculated. The prices of consumer durables usually fluctuate so much that
there is no sense in calculating average prices for
them. The average prices are arithmetic averages.
10.2 Special indices
Statistics Finland also calculates special indices
to customers’ orders. These can be compiled
from the Consumer Price Index by weighting
22 Statistics Finland
commodities or groups of commodities with the
desired weights. The production of special indices is subject to a charge.
Appendix 1
Coicop
01
01.1
01.1.1
01.1.1.1
01.1.1.1.1
01.1.1.1.1.1
01.1.1.2
01.1.1.2.1
01.1.1.2.1.1
01.1.1.2.2
01.1.1.2.2.1
01.1.1.3
01.1.1.3.1
01.1.1.3.1.1
01.1.1.3.1.2
01.1.1.3.1.3
01.1.1.3.1.4
01.1.1.3.2
01.1.1.3.2.1
01.1.1.3.2.2
01.1.1.4
01.1.1.4.2
01.1.1.4.2.1
01.1.1.4.2.2
01.1.1.4.3
01.1.1.4.3.1
01.1.1.4.3.2
01.1.1.4.4
01.1.1.4.4.1
01.1.1.4.5
01.1.1.4.5.1
01.1.1.5
01.1.1.5.1
01.1.1.5.1.1
01.1.1.5.1.2
01.1.1.5.2
01.1.1.5.2.1
01.1.1.5.2.2
01.1.1.6
01.1.1.6.1
01.1.1.6.1.1
01.1.1.6.1.2
01.1.1.6.1.3
01.1.1.7
01.1.1.7.1
01.1.1.7.1.1
01.1.1.7.2
01.1.1.7.2.1
01.1.1.8
01.1.1.8.1
01.1.1.8.1.1
01.1.2
01.1.2.1
01.1.2.1.1
01.1.2.1.1.1
01.1.2.1.1.2
01.1.2.1.1.3
01.1.2.2
01.1.2.2.1
01.1.2.2.1.1
01.1.2.2.1.2
Weight structure and collection frequencies of
the Consumer Price Index
Item
FOOD AND NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
Food
Bread and cereals
Rice
Rice
Long grain rice
Flour and other cereals
Flour
Wheet flour
Other cereals
Oatflakes
Bread
Bread
Rye bread
Rye bread, portion size
Mixed grain bread
Wheat bread
Bread rolls
Bread roll
Baguette
Other bakery products
Cakes, tarts, pies
Sweet bun loaf
Other pastry
Biscuits, wafers, waffles, ginger bread
Biscuits
Sandwich cream biscuit
Crisp bread
Crisp bread
Salt crackers
Salt crackers
Pizza and quiche
Pizza's
Ready made pizza
Frozen pizza
Quiches
Meat pasty
Karelian pasty
Pasta products
Pasta and noodles
Macaroni
Spaghetti
Noodle
Breakfast cereals and muesli
Breakfast cereals
Seasoned cereals
Muesli
Granola
Other cereal products
Other cereal products
Frozen pastry
Meat
Beef and veal
Beef
Beef topside
Filet of beef
Slivered beef
Pork
Pork
Pork tenderloin
Slivered pork
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
133,95
122,10
22,41
0,33
0,33
0,33
0,87
0,38
0,38
0,49
0,49
8,93
7,00
2,12
2,09
1,99
0,81
1,93
1,54
0,39
6,14
3,39
0,75
2,64
1,64
0,86
0,78
0,85
0,85
0,26
0,26
3,21
1,42
0,73
0,69
1,79
1,32
0,47
0,69
0,69
0,19
0,19
0,31
0,86
0,56
0,56
0,30
0,30
1,37
1,37
1,37
27,24
1,45
1,45
0,51
0,57
0,37
3,08
3,08
1,65
0,90
Quarterly If required Times/year
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Statistics Finland 23
Coicop
01.1.2.2.1.3
01.1.2.4
01.1.2.4.1
01.1.2.4.1.1
01.1.2.4.1.2
01.1.2.4.1.3
01.1.2.5
01.1.2.5.2
01.1.2.5.2.1
01.1.2.7
01.1.2.7.1
01.1.2.7.1.1
01.1.2.7.1.2
01.1.2.7.1.3
01.1.2.7.1.4
01.1.2.7.1.5
01.1.2.7.1.6
01.1.2.7.2
01.1.2.7.2.1
01.1.2.7.2.2
01.1.2.7.2.3
01.1.2.7.3
01.1.2.7.3.1
01.1.2.8
01.1.2.8.1
01.1.2.8.1.1
01.1.2.8.1.2
01.1.2.8.1.3
01.1.3
01.1.3.1
01.1.3.1.1
01.1.3.1.1.1
01.1.3.1.1.2
01.1.3.1.1.3
01.1.3.1.1.4
01.1.3.1.2
01.1.3.1.2.1
01.1.3.3
01.1.3.3.1
01.1.3.3.1.1
01.1.3.4
01.1.3.4.1
01.1.3.4.1.1
01.1.3.4.1.2
01.1.4
01.1.4.1
01.1.4.1.2
01.1.4.1.2.1
01.1.4.1.2.2
01.1.4.3
01.1.4.3.1
01.1.4.3.1.1
01.1.4.3.1.2
01.1.4.4
01.1.4.4.1
01.1.4.4.1.1
01.1.4.4.1.2
01.1.4.4.1.3
01.1.4.4.1.4
01.1.4.4.1.5
01.1.4.4.2
Item
Roast pork
Poultry
Chicken
Chicken strips
Chicken breastfilet
Chicken leg
Other meats and edible offal
Game
Frozen game meat
Dried, salted or smoked meat and edible offal
Cold cuts
Smoked ham
Salami
Cooked ham
Cold cuts of poultry
Ham sausage
Pâté
Dinner sausages
Barbecue sausage
Fresh sausage for frying
Frankfurters
Bacon
Bacon
Other meat preparations
Other preserved or processed meat and meat-based preparations
Ready-made meatballs
Minced beef
Minced pork and beef
Fish and seafood
Fresh, chilled or frozen fish
Fresh or chilled fish
Rainbow trout
Filet of rainbow trout
Filet of salmon
Other fresh fish
Frozen fish
Frozen fish
Dried, smoked or salted fish and seafood
Smoked fish
Smoked fish
Other preserved or processed fish and seafood
Other preserved or processed fish
Tinned tuna
Tinned pickled herring
Milk, cheese and eggs
Fresh milk
Low fat milk
Low fat milk
Non fat milk
Yoghurt
Yoghurt
Yoghurt, 2 dl
Yoghurt, 1 l
Cheese and curd
Mature Cheese
Edam cheese
Emmenthal cheese mild
Semi-hard cheese
Blue cheese
Salad cheese
Fresh cheese and curd
24 Statistics Finland
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
0,52
3,89
3,89
1,86
1,57
0,46
0,18
0,18
0,18
13,19
7,87
3,04
1,73
0,90
1,42
0,37
0,42
5,00
2,03
1,08
1,90
0,32
0,32
5,46
5,46
0,85
3,46
1,15
6,19
3,02
2,46
0,18
0,91
1,07
0,30
0,56
0,56
1,49
1,49
1,49
1,68
1,68
1,01
0,67
23,44
6,45
6,45
3,29
3,16
3,22
3,22
1,58
1,64
8,35
5,82
2,01
1,27
1,73
0,37
0,44
1,73
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Quarterly If required Times/year
Coicop
01.1.4.4.2.1
01.1.4.4.2.2
01.1.4.4.2.3
01.1.4.4.3
01.1.4.4.3.1
01.1.4.5
01.1.4.5.1
01.1.4.5.1.1
01.1.4.5.1.2
01.1.4.5.1.3
01.1.4.5.2
01.1.4.5.2.1
01.1.4.5.2.2
01.1.4.5.3
01.1.4.5.3.1
01.1.4.5.3.2
01.1.4.5.4
01.1.4.5.4.1
01.1.4.6
01.1.4.6.1
01.1.4.6.1.1
01.1.5
01.1.5.1
01.1.5.1.1
01.1.5.1.1.1
01.1.5.2
01.1.5.2.1
01.1.5.2.1.1
01.1.5.2.2
01.1.5.2.2.1
01.1.5.2.3
01.1.5.2.3.1
01.1.5.2.4
01.1.5.2.4.1
01.1.5.4
01.1.5.4.1
01.1.5.4.1.1
01.1.6
01.1.6.1
01.1.6.1.1
01.1.6.1.1.1
01.1.6.1.1.2
01.1.6.1.2
01.1.6.1.2.1
01.1.6.1.3
01.1.6.1.3.1
01.1.6.1.4
01.1.6.1.4.1
01.1.6.1.6
01.1.6.1.6.1
01.1.6.1.7
01.1.6.1.7.1
01.1.6.1.7.2
01.1.6.2
01.1.6.2.1
01.1.6.2.1.1
01.1.6.3
01.1.6.3.1
01.1.6.3.1.1
01.1.6.3.2
01.1.6.3.2.1
Item
Cream cheese
Cottage cheese
Quark
Processed cheese
Processed cheese
Other milk products
Cream and cream products
Douple cream
Cooking cream
Sour cream product
Milk-based desserts
Dessert pudding
Dessert quark
Sour milk and buttermilk
Sour milk
Curdled milk
Milk-based drinks
Lactose-free milk drink
Eggs
Eggs
Eggs
Oils and fats
Butter
Dairy butter
Dairy butter
Margarine and other vegetable fats
Cooking margarine
Cooking margarine
Breadspread margarine
Breadspread margarine
Low fat margarine
Low fat margarine
Other edible mixtures of fat
Butter and vegetable fat blend
Other edible oils
Rapeseed oil
Rapeseed oil
Fruit and berries
Fresh or chilled fruit and berries
Citrus fruit
Orange
Mandarin
Bananas
Banana
Apples
Apple
Pears
Pear
Berries
Strawberry
Other fresh fruit
Grapes
Melon
Dried fruit
Dried fruit
Prunes
Frozen fruit, preserved fruit and fruit-based products
Frozen fruit and berries
Frozen berries
Preserved fruit and fruit-based products
Preserved pineapple
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
0,61
0,72
0,39
0,80
0,80
4,38
1,87
0,70
0,68
0,48
0,93
0,45
0,48
1,29
0,81
0,48
0,30
0,30
1,05
1,05
1,05
2,90
0,35
0,35
0,35
2,28
0,21
0,21
0,48
0,48
0,66
0,66
0,92
0,92
0,27
0,27
0,27
11,41
8,79
1,93
1,28
0,65
2,45
2,45
1,64
1,64
0,36
0,36
0,40
0,40
2,02
1,61
0,41
0,59
0,59
0,59
1,03
0,35
0,35
0,69
0,24
Quarterly If required Times/year
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1/07
X
X
X
X
X
Statistics Finland 25
Coicop
01.1.6.3.2.2
01.1.6.4
01.1.6.4.1
01.1.6.4.1.1
01.1.7
01.1.7.1
01.1.7.1.1
01.1.7.1.1.1
01.1.7.1.1.2
01.1.7.1.1.3
01.1.7.1.2
01.1.7.1.2.1
01.1.7.1.3
01.1.7.1.3.1
01.1.7.1.3.2
01.1.7.1.3.3
01.1.7.1.4
01.1.7.1.4.1
01.1.7.1.4.2
01.1.7.2
01.1.7.2.1
01.1.7.2.1.1
01.1.7.3
01.1.7.3.2
01.1.7.3.2.1
01.1.7.3.2.2
01.1.7.3.2.3
01.1.7.4
01.1.7.4.1
01.1.7.4.1.1
01.1.7.4.3
01.1.7.4.3.1
01.1.7.5
01.1.7.5.1
01.1.7.5.1.1
01.1.8
01.1.8.1
01.1.8.1.1
01.1.8.1.1.1
01.1.8.2
01.1.8.2.1
01.1.8.2.1.1
01.1.8.3
01.1.8.3.1
01.1.8.3.1.1
01.1.8.3.1.2
01.1.8.3.1.3
01.1.8.4
01.1.8.4.1
01.1.8.4.1.1
01.1.8.4.1.2
01.1.8.4.1.3
01.1.8.4.2
01.1.8.4.2.1
01.1.8.5
01.1.8.5.1
01.1.8.5.1.1
01.1.8.5.1.2
01.1.8.5.1.3
01.1.8.5.1.4
Item
Dessert soup
Nuts
Nuts
Salted nuts
Vegetables
Fresh or chilled vegetables other than potatoes
Lettuce and fresh herbs
Iceberg lettuce
Pot-grown lettuce
Fresh herb
Cabbages
Cauliflower
Other vegetables
Tomatoes
Cucumber
Sweet pepper
Root crops and mushrooms
Carrot
Onion
Frozen vegetables
Frozen vegetables
Frozen vegetables
Dried vegetables, other preserved or processed vegetable
products
Other preserved or processed vegetable products
Prepacked salad
Pickled cucumbers
Tinned tomatoes
Potatoes
Potatoes
Cooking potatoes
Frozen potatoes
Chips
Potato chips and crisps
Potato crisps
Potato crisps
Sugar, jam, honey, chocolate and confectionery
Sugar
Sugar
Granulated sugar
Jams, marmalades and honey
Jams and marmalades
Strawberry jam
Chocolate
Chocolate
Block of chocolate
Chocolate bar
Chocolate pralines
Confectionery products
Confectionery
Sweets in bulk
Bag of sweets
Liquorice
Chewing gum
Xylitol chewing gum
Ice cream and sorbet
Ice cream
Packet of ice cream
Gourmet ice cream
Ice cream cone
Choc-ice
26 Statistics Finland
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
0,45
1,00
1,00
1,00
13,35
7,46
1,53
0,39
0,86
0,28
0,36
0,36
4,84
2,71
1,39
0,73
0,73
0,32
0,41
0,72
0,72
0,72
2,61
2,61
1,85
0,41
0,35
1,80
1,09
1,09
0,71
0,71
0,77
0,77
0,77
11,52
0,63
0,63
0,63
0,56
0,56
0,56
3,31
3,31
1,34
1,01
0,96
4,28
3,65
2,28
0,72
0,66
0,63
0,63
2,74
2,74
0,90
0,50
0,69
0,66
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Quarterly If required Times/year
Coicop
01.1.9
01.1.9.1
01.1.9.1.1
01.1.9.1.1.1
01.1.9.1.1.2
01.1.9.2
01.1.9.2.1
01.1.9.2.1.1
01.1.9.3
01.1.9.3.1
01.1.9.3.1.1
01.1.9.4
01.1.9.4.1
01.1.9.4.1.1
01.1.9.4.1.2
01.1.9.4.1.3
01.1.9.4.1.4
01.1.9.4.1.5
01.1.9.4.1.6
01.1.9.5
01.1.9.5.1
01.1.9.5.1.1
01.2
01.2.1
01.2.1.1
01.2.1.1.1
01.2.1.1.1.1
01.2.1.2
01.2.1.2.1
01.2.1.2.1.1
01.2.1.3
01.2.1.3.2
01.2.1.3.2.1
01.2.2
01.2.2.1
01.2.2.1.1
01.2.2.1.1.1
01.2.2.2
01.2.2.2.1
01.2.2.2.1.1
01.2.2.2.3
01.2.2.2.3.1
01.2.2.3
01.2.2.3.1
01.2.2.3.1.1
01.2.2.3.1.2
01.2.2.3.1.3
01.2.2.3.1.4
02
02.1
02.1.1
02.1.1.1
02.1.1.1.1
02.1.1.1.1.1
02.1.1.2
02.1.1.2.1
02.1.1.2.1.1
02.1.2
02.1.2.1
02.1.2.1.1
02.1.2.1.1.1
Item
Food products n.e.c.
Sauces
Sauces
Tomato ketchup
Mustard
Spices
Spices
Packet of spice
Baby food
Baby food
Gruel for babies
Ready-made meals
Ready-made meals
Ready-made casserole
Takeaway portion
Microwave dinner
Lunch salad portion
Ready made hamburger
Ready made filled bread
Other food products n.e.c.
Other food products n.e.c.
Stock cube
Non-alcoholic beverages
Coffee, tea and cocoa
Coffee
Ground coffee
Packet of coffee
Tea
Seasoned tea
Teabags
Cocoa and powdered chocolate
Drinking chocolate
Drinking chocolate
Mineral waters, soft drinks, fruit and vegetable juices
Mineral or spring waters
Mineral waters
Mineral water
Soft drinks
Carbonated soft drinks
Soft drink
Energy drinks
Energy drink
Fruit and vegetable juices
Fruit juices
Mixed fruit squash
Orange juice
Other juice
Juice drink
ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, TOBACCO
Alcoholic beverages
Spirits
Spirits
Spirits
Spirit
Other liqueurs
Other liqueurs
Other liqueurs
Wine
Wine from grapes
Wine from grapes
Wine
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
3,63
0,49
0,49
0,30
0,19
0,26
0,26
0,26
0,30
0,30
0,30
2,27
2,27
0,51
0,40
0,85
0,16
0,20
0,15
0,31
0,31
0,31
11,85
4,01
3,41
3,41
3,41
0,40
0,40
0,40
0,20
0,20
0,20
7,84
0,97
0,97
0,97
3,89
3,08
3,08
0,81
0,81
2,98
2,98
0,68
0,58
0,21
1,52
56,87
40,43
9,75
5,50
5,50
5,50
4,25
4,25
4,25
13,64
7,63
7,63
7,63
Quarterly If required Times/year
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Statistics Finland 27
Coicop
02.1.2.2
02.1.2.2.1
02.1.2.2.1.1
02.1.2.3
02.1.2.3.1
02.1.2.3.1.1
02.1.2.4
02.1.2.4.1
02.1.2.4.1.1
02.1.3
02.1.3.1
02.1.3.1.1
02.1.3.1.1.1
02.1.3.3
02.1.3.3.1
02.1.3.3.1.1
02.2
02.2.0
02.2.0.1
02.2.0.1.1
02.2.0.1.1.1
02.2.0.2
02.2.0.2.1
02.2.0.2.1.1
02.2.0.3
02.2.0.3.1
02.2.0.3.1.1
03
03.1
03.1.2
03.1.2.1
03.1.2.1.1
03.1.2.1.1.1
03.1.2.1.1.2
03.1.2.1.2
03.1.2.1.2.1
03.1.2.1.2.2
03.1.2.1.2.3
03.1.2.1.3
03.1.2.1.3.1
03.1.2.1.3.2
03.1.2.1.3.3
03.1.2.1.5
03.1.2.1.5.1
03.1.2.1.5.2
03.1.2.1.6
03.1.2.1.6.1
03.1.2.1.7
03.1.2.1.7.1
03.1.2.2
03.1.2.2.1
03.1.2.2.1.1
03.1.2.2.1.2
03.1.2.2.2
03.1.2.2.2.1
03.1.2.2.2.2
03.1.2.2.2.3
03.1.2.2.2.4
03.1.2.2.3
03.1.2.2.3.1
03.1.2.2.3.2
Item
Wine from other fruits
Cider
Cider
Fortified wines
Fortified wines
Fortified wines
Other wine-based drinks
Long drinks
Long Drink
Beer
Beer
Beer
Beer
Low and non-alcoholic beer
Low-alcoholic beer
Low-alcoholic beer
Tobacco
Tobacco
Cigarettes
Cigarettes
Cigarettes
Cigars
Cigars
Cigars
Other tobacco products
Other tobacco products
Other tobacco products
CLOTHING AND FOOTWEAR
Clothing
Garments
Garments for men
Men's coats and jackets
Men's outdoor coat
Men's wintercoat
Men's suits, trousers and vests
Men's jeans
Men's jacket
Men's trousers
Men's shirts
Men's dress shirt
Men's T-shirt
Men's shirt
Men's sportswear
Men's sports pants
Men's outdoor suit
Men's underwear
Men's briefs
Men's socks
Men's socks
Garments for women
Women's coats and jackets
Women's outdoor coat
Women's winter coat
Women's costumes, dresses, skirts and trousers
Women's jacket
Women's jeans
Women's skirt
Women's trousers
Women's blouses
Women's T-shirt
Women's shirt
28 Statistics Finland
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
2,66
2,66
2,66
0,67
0,67
0,67
2,69
2,69
2,69
17,04
16,84
16,84
16,84
0,20
0,20
0,20
16,44
16,44
14,14
14,14
14,14
0,81
0,81
0,81
1,49
1,49
1,49
53,06
44,43
40,37
12,18
0,84
0,52
0,32
2,15
0,64
0,46
1,05
1,94
0,11
1,62
0,21
3,63
1,45
2,18
2,20
2,20
1,41
1,41
21,76
1,88
1,47
0,40
4,10
0,73
0,73
0,66
1,98
3,06
1,62
0,72
Quarterly If required Times/year
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
7/03
5/10
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
7/03
5/10
X
X
X
X
X
X
Coicop
03.1.2.2.3.3
03.1.2.2.4
03.1.2.2.4.1
03.1.2.2.5
03.1.2.2.5.1
03.1.2.2.5.2
03.1.2.2.6
03.1.2.2.6.1
03.1.2.2.6.2
03.1.2.2.7
03.1.2.2.7.1
03.1.2.2.7.2
03.1.2.3
03.1.2.3.1
03.1.2.3.1.1
03.1.2.3.2
03.1.2.3.2.1
03.1.2.3.2.2
03.1.2.4
03.1.2.4.1
03.1.2.4.1.1
03.1.2.4.2
03.1.2.4.2.1
03.1.2.4.2.2
03.1.3
03.1.3.1
03.1.3.1.1
03.1.3.1.1.1
03.1.3.1.1.2
03.1.3.1.2
03.1.3.1.2.1
03.1.3.2
03.1.3.2.1
03.1.3.2.1.1
03.1.4
03.1.4.1
03.1.4.1.1
03.1.4.1.1.1
03.2
03.2.1
03.2.1.1
03.2.1.1.2
03.2.1.1.2.1
03.2.1.1.2.2
03.2.1.1.4
03.2.1.1.4.1
03.2.1.2
03.2.1.2.2
03.2.1.2.2.1
03.2.1.2.2.2
03.2.1.2.3
03.2.1.2.3.1
03.2.1.3
03.2.1.3.2
03.2.1.3.2.1
03.2.1.3.2.2
04
04.1
04.1.1
04.1.1.1
04.1.1.1.1
Item
Women's blouse
Women's pullovers
Women's knitware
Women's sportswear
Women's sports pants
Women's outdoor suit
Women's underwear
Women's briefs
Women's bra
Women's socks
Women's socks
Women's tights
Garments for children (3 to 13 years)
Children's outerwear
Children's outerwear
Children's daywear
Children's trousers
Children's shirt
Garments for infants (0 to 2 years)
Outerwear for infants
Baby's overall
Baby daywear
Rompers
Top, baby
Other articles of clothing and clothing accessories
Other articles of clothing
Headgear and gloves
Leather gloves
Cap
Scarves
Scarf
Clothing accessories
Sewing materials
Knitting yarn
Cleaning, repair and hire of clothing
Cleaning of clothing
Cleaning of clothing
Dry-cleaning
Footwear
Shoes and other footwear
Footwear for men
Men's shoes for outdoor
Men's winter shoes
Men's walking shoes
Men's sports footwear
Men's running shoes
Footwear for women
Women's shoes for outdoor
Women's walking shoes
Women's winter shoes
Women's shoes for indoor
Women's pumps
Footwear for children
Footwear for children
Children's walking shoes
Children's winter shoes
HOUSING, WATER, ELECTRICITY, GAS AND OTHER FUELS
Actual rentals for housing
Actual rentals paid by tenants for main residences
Actual rentals paid by tenants in the private sector
Actual rentals paid by tenants in the private sector
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
0,72
2,20
2,20
2,69
1,08
1,61
4,77
2,27
2,49
3,08
1,97
1,10
5,34
1,66
1,66
3,68
1,52
2,16
1,09
0,29
0,29
0,80
0,33
0,47
3,40
2,63
1,50
0,67
0,83
1,13
1,13
0,77
0,77
0,77
0,66
0,66
0,66
0,66
8,63
8,63
3,05
1,85
0,44
1,41
1,20
1,20
4,56
3,67
1,51
2,16
0,89
0,89
1,02
1,02
0,71
0,31
228,24
73,70
71,87
71,87
71,87
X
Quarterly If required Times/year
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
6/10
6/10
X
R
R
5/10
X
X
X
5/10
X
X
5/10
Statistics Finland 29
Coicop
04.1.1.1.1.1
04.1.1.1.1.2
04.1.2
04.1.2.2
04.1.2.2.2
04.1.2.2.2.1
04.2
04.2.1
04.2.1.1
04.2.1.1.1
04.2.1.1.1.1
04.2.1.1.2
04.2.1.1.2.1
04.2.2
04.2.2.1
04.2.2.1.1
04.2.2.1.1.1
04.2.2.1.2
04.2.2.1.2.1
04.2.2.1.2.2
04.2.3
04.2.3.1
04.2.3.1.1
04.2.3.1.1.1
04.2.4
04.2.4.1
04.2.4.1.1
04.2.4.1.1.1
04.2.4.1.1.2
04.3
04.3.1
04.3.1.1
04.3.1.1.1
04.3.1.1.1.1
04.3.1.1.2
04.3.1.1.2.1
04.3.1.1.4
04.3.1.1.4.1
04.3.1.1.7
04.3.1.1.7.1
04.3.2
04.3.2.3
04.3.2.3.1
04.3.2.3.1.1
04.4
04.4.1
04.4.1.1
04.4.1.1.1
04.4.1.1.1.1
04.4.2
04.4.2.1.
04.4.2.1.1
04.4.2.1.1.1
04.4.3
04.4.3.1
04.4.3.1.1
04.4.3.1.1.1
04.4.4
04.4.4.1
04.4.4.1.1
Item
Rent for market financed dwelling
Rent for government-subsidised rental dwelling
Other actual rentals paid by tenants
Garage rentals and other rentals paid by tenants
Other rentals including land rental
Ground rent
Owner-occupied housing
Acquisition of new dwelling
Owner-occupied flats and real estates
Owner-occupied flats
Owner-occupied flats
Real estates
Real estate
Renovations
Renovations
Costs for housing companies of capital repairs
Renovation of blocs of flats
Costs for owners of capital repairs
Repairs on flat by owner
Capital repair on detached house
Interest on housing loans
Interest on housing loans
Interest on housing loans
Average interest rate on housing loans
Other costs for owner-occupied housing
Other costs for owner-occupied housing
Other costs for owner-occupied housing
Estate agents commission
Asset transfer tax
Maintenance and repair of the dwelling
Materials for the maintenance and repair of the dwelling
Materials for the maintenance and repair of the dwelling
Paints and varnishes
Paint
Wall paper and fabric wall coverings
Wallpaper
Surfacing materials for floor
Laminate
Other materials for maintenance and repair of the dwelling
Other materials for maintenance and repair of the dwelling
Services for the maintenance and repair of the dwelling
Services for the maintenance and repair of the dwelling
Services for the maintenance and repair of the dwelling
Repairs, work
Water supply and miscellaneous services related to the
dwelling
Water supply
Water supply
Water supply
Water rate
Refuse collection
Refuse collection
Refuse collection
Refuse transportation
Sewerage collection
Sewerage collection
Sewerage collection
Wastewater charge
Other services relating to the dwelling n.e.c.
Maintenance services of blocks of flats
Maintenance services of blocks of flats
30 Statistics Finland
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
37,64
34,23
1,82
1,82
1,82
1,82
97,95
60,62
60,62
20,80
20,80
39,82
39,82
17,05
17,05
4,54
4,54
12,52
5,38
7,14
12,64
12,64
12,64
12,64
7,64
7,64
7,64
4,79
2,85
6,41
3,49
3,49
1,21
1,21
0,36
0,36
0,53
0,53
1,39
1,39
2,92
2,92
2,92
2,92
21,08
1,41
1,41
1,41
1,41
1,72
1,72
1,72
1,72
1,91
1,91
1,91
1,91
16,04
15,04
15,04
Quarterly If required Times/year
X
X
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Coicop
04.4.4.1.1.1
04.4.4.3
04.4.4.3.1
04.4.4.3.1.1
04.5
04.5.1
04.5.1.1
04.5.1.1.1
04.5.1.1.1.1
04.5.3
04.5.3.1
04.5.3.1.1
04.5.3.1.1.1
04.5.5
04.5.5.1
04.5.5.1.1
04.5.5.1.1.1
05
05.1
05.1.1
05.1.1.1
05.1.1.1.1
05.1.1.1.1.1
05.1.1.1.1.2
05.1.1.1.2
05.1.1.1.2.1
05.1.1.1.3
05.1.1.1.3.1
05.1.1.1.4
05.1.1.1.4.1
05.1.1.1.4.2
05.1.1.2
05.1.1.2.1
05.1.1.2.1.1
05.1.1.2.1.2
05.1.1.5
05.1.1.5.1
05.1.1.5.1.1
05.1.1.6
05.1.1.6.1
05.1.1.6.1.1
05.1.1.7
05.1.1.7.2
05.1.1.7.2.1
05.1.1.7.3
05.1.1.7.3.1
05.1.2
05.1.2.1
05.1.2.1.1
05.1.2.1.1.1
05.1.3
05.1.3.1
05.1.3.1.1
05.1.3.1.1.1
05.2
05.2.0
05.2.0.1
05.2.0.1.1
05.2.0.1.1.1
05.2.0.1.1.2
Item
Maintenance charge
Chimney sweeping
Chimney sweeping
Chimney sweeping
Electricity, gas and other fuels
Electricity
Electricity
Electricity
Electricity
Liquid fuels
Liquid fuels
Liquid fuels
Light fuel oil
Heat energy
Heat energy
Heat energy
District heat
FURNISHINGS, HOUSEHOLD EQUIPMENT AND ROUTINE
MAINTENANCE OF THE HOUSE
Furniture and furnishings, carpets and other floor coverings
Furniture and furnishings
Living-room and dining room furniture
Tables and dining room sets
Dining room set
Coffee table
Armchairs and chairs
Armchair
Couch and settee
Sofa
Bookshelf and other living-room cabinets
Book shelf
Chest of drawers
Bedroom furniture
Beds and mattresses
Bed
Spring mattress
Garden furniture
Garden furniture
Garden furniture
Lighting equipment
Ceiling lights
Ceiling light
Other furniture and furnishings
Art objects and ornaments
Candlestick
Other furniture and furnishings
Mirror
Carpets and other floor coverings
Carpets
Loose carpets
Carpet
Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverings
Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverings
Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverings
Repair of furniture
Household textiles
Household textiles
Furnishing fabrics and curtains
Curtains
Curtain
Curtain fabrik
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
15,04
1,01
1,01
1,01
29,11
23,97
23,97
23,97
23,97
4,29
4,29
4,29
4,29
0,85
0,85
0,85
0,85
56,86
20,50
17,68
11,88
2,80
1,80
1,00
1,33
1,33
4,34
4,34
3,41
1,66
1,75
2,97
2,97
1,14
1,83
0,96
0,96
0,96
0,82
0,82
0,82
1,05
0,83
0,83
0,22
0,22
1,69
1,69
1,69
1,69
1,13
1,13
1,13
1,13
6,22
6,22
1,49
1,49
0,74
0,75
Quarterly If required Times/year
1
X
X
X
X
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
4/05
X
X
R
X
R
R
R
Statistics Finland 31
Coicop
05.2.0.2
05.2.0.2.1
05.2.0.2.1.1
05.2.0.2.2
05.2.0.2.2.1
05.2.0.2.2.2
05.2.0.2.3
05.2.0.2.3.1
05.2.0.3
05.2.0.3.1
05.2.0.3.1.1
05.2.0.3.2
05.2.0.3.2.1
05.3
05.3.1
05.3.1.1
05.3.1.1.1
05.3.1.1.1.1
05.3.1.1.3
05.3.1.1.3.1
05.3.1.2
05.3.1.2.1
05.3.1.2.1.1
05.3.1.2.2
05.3.1.2.2.1
05.3.1.3
05.3.1.3.3
05.3.1.3.3.1
05.3.1.3.4
05.3.1.3.4.1
05.3.1.5
05.3.1.5.1
05.3.1.5.1.1
05.3.2
05.3.2.2
05.3.2.2.1
05.3.2.2.1.1
05.3.2.3
05.3.2.3.1
05.3.2.3.1.1
05.3.3
05.3.3.1
05.3.3.1.1
05.3.3.1.1.1
05.4
05.4.0
05.4.0.1
05.4.0.1.1
05.4.0.1.1.1
05.4.0.1.3
05.4.0.1.3.1
05.4.0.1.4
05.4.0.1.4.1
05.4.0.1.5
05.4.0.1.5.1
05.4.0.2
05.4.0.2.1
05.4.0.2.1.1
05.4.0.2.2
05.4.0.2.2.1
05.4.0.3
Item
Bedlinen
Blankets and bedspreads
Bedspread
Pillows and quilts
Pillow
Quilt
Sheets, pillowcases and quilt covers
Quilt cover
Table linen and bathroom linen
Tablecloths
Tablecloth
Bathroom linen
Bath towel
Household appliances
Major household appliances whether electric or not
Refrigerators, freezers and fridge-freezers
Refrigerator
Fridge/cool larder
Fridge-freezers
Fridge-freezer
Washing machines, drying machines and dishwashers
Washing machines
Washing machine
Dishwashers
Dishwasher
Cookers and ovens
Cooker
Electric cooker
Microwave ovens
Microwave oven
Cleaning equipment
Vacuum cleaner and portable hand vacuum cleaner
Vacuum cleaner
Small electric household appliances
Small kitchen appliances
Coffee maker
Coffee maker
Irons
Irons
Steam iron
Repair of household appliances
Repair of household appliances
Repair of household appliances
Repair of a washing machine
Glassware, tableware and household utensils
Glassware, tableware and household utensils
Glassware, crystal-ware, ceramic ware and chinaware
Plates
Dinner plate
Glasses
Wineglass
Mugs and cups
Mug
Other glassware, crystal ware, ceramic ware and chinaware
Vase
Cutlery
Cutlery set, knives, forks, spoons
Cutlery
Kitchen knifes
Kitchen knife
Non-electric kitchen utensils
32 Statistics Finland
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
3,73
0,24
0,24
2,21
1,20
1,01
1,29
1,29
1,01
0,32
0,32
0,69
0,69
9,94
8,30
2,41
1,50
1,50
0,91
0,91
3,29
2,18
2,18
1,11
1,11
1,74
0,76
0,76
0,98
0,98
0,86
0,86
0,86
1,03
0,84
0,84
0,84
0,19
0,19
0,19
0,61
0,61
0,61
0,61
4,51
4,51
1,59
0,52
0,52
0,22
0,22
0,33
0,33
0,52
0,52
0,86
0,34
0,34
0,52
0,52
1,12
Quarterly If required Times/year
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Coicop
05.4.0.3.1
05.4.0.3.1.1
05.4.0.3.1.2
05.4.0.4
05.4.0.4.1
05.4.0.4.1.1
05.5
05.5.1
05.5.1.1
05.5.1.1.1
05.5.1.1.1.1
05.5.2
05.5.2.1
05.5.2.1.1
05.5.2.1.1.1
05.5.2.1.2
05.5.2.1.2.1
05.5.2.2
05.5.2.2.1
05.5.2.2.1.1
05.5.2.2.2
05.5.2.2.2.1
05.5.2.2.2.2
05.6
05.6.1
05.6.1.1
05.6.1.1.1
05.6.1.1.1.1
05.6.1.1.1.2
05.6.1.1.1.3
05.6.1.1.2
05.6.1.1.2.1
05.6.1.2
05.6.1.2.1
05.6.1.2.1.1
05.6.1.2.2
05.6.1.2.2.1
05.6.1.2.4
05.6.1.2.4.1
05.6.1.2.5
05.6.1.2.5.1
05.6.1.2.7
05.6.1.2.7.1
05.6.1.2.8
05.6.1.2.8.1
05.6.2
05.6.2.1
05.6.2.1.1
05.6.2.1.1.1
06
06.1
06.1.1
06.1.1.1
06.1.1.1.1
06.1.1.1.1.1
06.1.1.1.1.2
06.1.1.1.2
06.1.1.1.2.1
06.1.1.1.3
06.1.1.1.3.1
06.1.1.3
Item
Pans and pots
Frying pan
Kettle
Non-electric household articles
Other non-electric household articles
Waste container
Tools and equipment for house and garden
Major tools and equipment
Motorised tools and equipment
Motorised tools for house
Percussion drill
Small tools and miscellaneous accessories
Small tools
Hand tools
Small tool
Garden tools
Pruning shears
Miscellaneous accessories
Metal articles for the house or for the garden
Curtain rod
Small electric accessories
Batteries
Energy saving light bulb
Goods and services for routine household maintenance
Non-durable household goods
Cleaning and maintenance products
Detergents
Machine dishwashing detergent
Detergent
Washing-up liquid
Cleaning materials
General purpose cleanser
Other non-durable household articles
Brushes, brooms and dusters
Washing-up brush
Cleaning cloths and tea towels
Microfibre cloth
Kitchen papers
Kitchen towel
Disposable plates and cups and cutlery
Napkins
Candles
Candle
Plastic bags
Compostable waste bin liner
Domestic services and household services
Domestic services by paid staff
Cleaning
Household cleaning
HEALTH
Medical products, appliances and equipment
Pharmaceutical products
Medicinal drugs and patent medicines
Prescription medicines
Refundable prescription medicines
Non-refundable prescription medicines
Non-prescription medicines
Non-prescription medicines
Nicotine replacement therapy preparations
Nicotine gum
Vitamins and minerals
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
1,12
0,66
0,46
0,93
0,93
0,93
4,87
1,76
1,76
1,76
1,76
3,11
1,13
0,35
0,35
0,78
0,78
1,98
0,99
0,99
0,99
0,57
0,42
10,82
7,59
2,39
1,47
0,34
0,95
0,18
0,92
0,92
5,21
0,32
0,32
0,29
0,29
1,16
1,16
0,56
0,56
0,95
0,95
1,92
1,92
3,23
3,23
3,23
3,23
49,68
24,99
18,40
15,05
11,21
9,11
2,11
3,26
3,26
0,58
0,58
2,87
Quarterly If required Times/year
X
X
X
X
X
6/04
R
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Statistics Finland 33
Coicop
06.1.1.3.1
06.1.1.3.1.1
06.1.1.4
06.1.1.4.1
06.1.1.4.1.1
06.1.2
06.1.2.1
06.1.2.1.2
06.1.2.1.2.2
06.1.3
06.1.3.1
06.1.3.1.1
06.1.3.1.1.1
06.1.3.1.2
06.1.3.1.2.1
06.1.3.2
06.1.3.2.1
06.1.3.2.1.1
06.2
06.2.1
06.2.1.1
06.2.1.1.1
06.2.1.1.1.1
06.2.1.1.1.2
06.2.1.2
06.2.1.2.1
06.2.1.2.1.1
06.2.2
06.2.2.1
06.2.2.1.1
06.2.2.1.1.1
06.2.3
06.2.3.1
06.2.3.1.1
06.2.3.1.1.1
06.2.3.3
06.2.3.3.1
06.2.3.3.1.1
06.3
06.3.0
06.3.0.1
06.3.0.1.1
06.3.0.1.1.1
07
07.1
07.1.1
07.1.1.1
07.1.1.1.1
07.1.1.1.1.1
07.1.1.2
07.1.1.2.1
07.1.1.2.1.1
07.1.2
07.1.2.1
07.1.2.1.2
07.1.2.1.2.1
07.1.3
07.1.3.1
07.1.3.1.1
07.1.3.1.1.1
Item
Vitamins
Multivitamins
Oral Contraceptives
Oral Contraceptives
Oral Contraceptives
Other medical products
Pregnancy tests and mechanical contraceptive devises
Mechanical contraceptive devises
Condoms
Therapeutic appliances and equipment
Eye-glasses and contact lenses
Eye-glasses
Eye-glasses
Contact lenses
Contact lenses
Other therapeutic appliances and equipment
Other therapeutic appliances and equipment
Blood pressure monitor
Out-patient services
Medical services
General practice
General practice
Out-patient fee
Health-care centre fee
Specialist practice
Specialist practice
Physician fee
Dental services
Dental services
Dentist
Dental fee
Paramedical services
Services of medical laboratories and X-ray centres
Services of medical laboratories and X-ray centres
Medical examination and treatment fee
Services of physiotherapists, speech therapists etc. and
ambulance services
Corrective-gymnastic therapy
Neck and shoulder massage
Hospital services
Hospital services
Basic services of hospitals
Basic services of hospitals
General hospital fee
TRANSPORT
Purchase of vehicles
Motor cars
New motor cars
New motor cars
New passenger car
Second-hand motor cars
Second-hand passenger cars
Second-hand passenger car
Motor cycles
Motor cycles
Motor cycles
Motor cycle
Bicycles
Bicycles
Bicycles
Bicycle
34 Statistics Finland
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
2,87
2,87
0,48
0,48
0,48
0,08
0,08
0,08
0,08
6,50
4,82
4,06
4,06
0,77
0,77
1,68
1,68
1,68
15,53
6,02
2,56
2,56
1,43
1,13
3,46
3,46
3,46
5,48
5,48
5,48
5,48
4,02
2,38
2,38
2,38
1,64
1,64
1,64
9,16
9,16
9,16
9,16
9,16
130,44
38,60
34,86
13,12
13,12
13,12
21,74
21,74
21,74
1,68
1,68
1,68
1,68
2,06
2,06
2,06
2,06
Quarterly If required Times/year
X
X
X
R
R
X
X
X
X
X
X
R
X
X
X
X
6/04
Coicop
07.2
07.2.1
07.2.1.1
07.2.1.1.1
07.2.1.1.1.1
07.2.1.1.1.2
07.2.1.2
07.2.1.2.1
07.2.1.2.1.1
07.2.1.3
07.2.1.3.1
07.2.1.3.1.1
07.2.2
07.2.2.1
07.2.2.1.1
07.2.2.1.1.1
07.2.2.2
07.2.2.2.1
07.2.2.2.1.1
07.2.2.2.1.2
07.2.2.4
07.2.2.4.1
07.2.2.4.1.1
07.2.3
07.2.3.1
07.2.3.1.1
07.2.3.1.1.1
07.2.3.1.1.2
07.2.3.1.1.3
07.2.3.1.2
07.2.3.1.2.1
07.2.3.2
07.2.3.2.1
07.2.3.2.1.1
07.2.4
07.2.4.1
07.2.4.1.1
07.2.4.1.1.1
07.2.4.2
07.2.4.2.1
07.2.4.2.1.1
07.2.4.2.1.2
07.2.4.3
07.2.4.3.1
07.2.4.3.1.1
07.2.4.3.1.2
07.2.4.3.2
07.2.4.3.2.1
07.3
07.3.1
07.3.1.1
07.3.1.1.1
07.3.1.1.1.1
07.3.1.1.1.2
07.3.2
07.3.2.1
07.3.2.1.1
07.3.2.1.1.1
Item
Operation of personal transport equipment
Spare parts and accessories for personal transport equipment
Tyres
Car tyres
Summer tyre
Winter tyre
Spare parts for personal transport equipment
Spare parts for passenger cars
Spare parts for passenger cars
Accessories for personal transport equipment
Accessories for passenger cars
Windscreen washing liquid
Fuels and lubricants for personal transport equipment
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Petrol
Petrol
Petrol 95 E 10
Petrol 98 E 5
Lubricants
Lubricants
Motor oil
Maintenance and repair of personal transport equipment
Maintenance of personal transport equipment
Maintenance of cars
Scheduled maintenance service
Oil change
Car wash
Maintenance of bicycles and motor cycles
Bicycle repair
Repair of personal transport equipment
Repair of cars
Repair of a car
Other services in respect of personal transport equipment
Hire of garages, parking spaces and personal transport
equipment
Hire of garages, parking spaces and personal transport equipment
Car rental
Toll facilities and parking meters
Toll facilities and parking meters
Vehicle tax
Parking fee
Driving lessons, driving tests and driving licences
Driving lessons and driving licence test fee
Driving lesson
Driving licence test fee
Road worthiness tests and other services
Road worthiness test
Transport services
Passenger transport by railway
Passenger transport by train
Long-distance passenger transport
Short distance train journeys
Long distance train journeys
Passenger transport by road
Passenger transport by bus
Urban and suburban passenger transport
Local journeys
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
Quarterly If required Times/year
68,72
8,42
2,34
2,34
1,11
1,24
5,15
5,15
5,15
0,92
0,92
0,92
35,84
5,23
5,23
5,23
30,10
30,10
21,68
8,42
0,51
0,51
0,51
10,60
6,02
5,37
3,33
0,75
1,30
0,65
0,65
4,58
4,58
4,58
13,86
6/04
6/10
R
X
X
X
X
X
R
X
X
2
X
1,13
1,13
1,13
9,04
9,04
7,70
1,34
3,69
2,15
1,69
0,46
1,54
1,54
23,13
4,52
4,52
4,52
1,39
3,13
10,02
7,39
5,99
5,99
X
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Statistics Finland 35
Coicop
07.3.2.1.2
07.3.2.1.2.1
07.3.2.2
07.3.2.2.1
07.3.2.2.1.1
07.3.3
07.3.3.1
07.3.3.1.1
07.3.3.1.1.1
07.3.3.2
07.3.3.2.1
07.3.3.2.1.1
07.3.4
07.3.4.1
07.3.4.1.1
07.3.4.1.1.1
08
08.1
08.1.0
08.1.0.1
08.1.0.1.1
08.1.0.1.1.1
08.1.0.2
08.1.0.2.1
08.1.0.2.1.1
08.2
08.2.0
08.2.0.2
08.2.0.2.1
08.2.0.2.1.1
08.3
08.3.0
08.3.0.1
08.3.0.1.1
08.3.0.1.1.1
08.3.0.2
08.3.0.2.1
08.3.0.2.1.1
08.3.0.3
08.3.0.3.1
08.3.0.3.1.1
09
09.1
09.1.1
09.1.1.1
09.1.1.1.3
09.1.1.1.3.1
09.1.1.2
09.1.1.2.1
09.1.1.2.1.1
09.1.1.2.2
09.1.1.2.2.1
09.1.1.2.3
09.1.1.2.3.1
09.1.1.2.4
09.1.1.2.4.1
09.1.1.3
09.1.1.3.1
Item
Long-distance passenger transport by bus
Long-distance passenger transport by bus
Taxi journeys
Taxi journeys
Taxi journeys
Passenger transport by air
Domestic flights
Domestic flights
Domestic flights
International flights
International flights
International flights
Passenger transport by sea and inland waterway
Passenger transport by sea
Transport by boat
Regular ferry service
COMMUNICATION
Postal services
Postal services
Letters
Standard letter
Postal charges for letters
Other postal services
Standard parcel
Postal charge for parcel delivery
Telephone and telefax equipment
Telephone and telefax equipment
Mobile telephones
Mobile telephones
Mobile telephone
Telephone and telefax services
Telephone and telefax services
Fix telephone calls
Fix telephone calls
Fix telephone calls
Mobile telephone services
Mobile telephone services
Mobile telephone services
Information transmission services
Internet connection
Internet connection services
RECREATION AND CULTURE
Audio-visual, photographic and information processing
equipment
Equipment for reception, recording and reproduction of
sound and pictures
Equipment for reception, recording and reproduction of
sound and pictures
MP3 players
MP3 player
Equipment for reception, recording and reproduction of
pictures
Televisions
Television
Video recorder and DVD player
DVD player
Digiboxes
Digibox
Home theatre systems
Home theatre system
Portable sound and vision devices
Navigators
36 Statistics Finland
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
1,39
1,39
2,63
2,63
2,63
5,68
0,83
0,83
0,83
4,85
4,85
4,85
2,92
2,92
2,92
2,92
24,00
0,94
0,15
0,94
0,79
0,79
0,79
0,15
0,15
2,59
2,59
2,59
2,59
2,59
20,47
20,47
2,47
2,47
2,47
13,23
13,23
13,23
4,76
4,76
4,76
123,92
X
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
18,58
7,81
0,42
0,42
0,42
6,95
5,93
5,93
0,26
0,26
0,47
0,47
0,29
0,29
0,30
0,30
Quarterly If required Times/year
X
X
X
X
X
Coicop
09.1.1.3.1.1
09.1.1.4
09.1.1.4.1
09.1.1.4.1.1
09.1.2
09.1.2.1
09.1.2.1.1
09.1.2.1.1.1
09.1.2.1.2
09.1.2.1.2.1
09.1.3
09.1.3.1
09.1.3.1.1
09.1.3.1.1.1
09.1.3.2
09.1.3.2.3
09.1.3.2.3.1
09.1.3.2.3.2
09.1.4
09.1.4.1
09.1.4.1.1
09.1.4.1.1.1
09.1.4.1.2
09.1.4.1.2.1
09.1.4.2
09.1.4.2.2
09.1.4.2.2.1
09.1.4.3
09.1.4.3.1
09.1.4.3.1.1
09.2
09.2.1
09.2.1.1
09.2.1.1.1
09.2.1.1.1.1
09.2.1.3
09.2.1.3.1
09.2.1.3.1.1
09.2.1.3.2
09.2.1.3.2.1
09.2.2
09.2.2.1
09.2.2.1.1
09.2.2.1.1.1
09.3
09.3.1
09.3.1.1
09.3.1.1.1
09.3.1.1.1.1
09.3.1.1.2
09.3.1.1.2.1
09.3.1.1.2.2
09.3.1.2
09.3.1.2.1
09.3.1.2.1.1
09.3.1.2.3
09.3.1.2.3.1
09.3.1.2.4
Item
Navigator
Other equipment for reception, recording and reproduction of sound and pictures
Other equipment for reception, recording and reproduction of
sound and pictures
Headphones
Photographic and cinematographic equipment and optical
instruments
Cameras
Still cameras
Digital camera
Video cameras
Video camera
Information processing equipment
Information processing equipment
Computers
Computer
Accessories for information processing equipment
Accessories and equipments
Screen
Printer
Recording media
Audio and video recordings
CDs
CD
Pre-recorded videos and DVD
DVD movie
Unrecording media
Unrecorded videos and DVDs
Unrecorded DVD
Other recording media
Other recording media
Portable memory
Other major durables for recreation and culture
Major durables for outdoor recreation
Camper vans, caravans and trailers
Camper vans
Camper van
Boats, outboard motors and fitting out of boats
Boats
Glass fibre boat
Motors
Outboard motor
Major durables for indoor recreation including musical
instruments
Musical instruments
Classical instruments
Keyboard
Other recreational items and equipment, gardens and pets
Games, toys and hobbies
Games and hobbies
Tabletop games
Tabletop game
Electronic games
Computer game
Game console
Toys and celebration articles
Dolls
Doll
Soft toys
Soft toy
Legos and toy construction sets
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
0,30
Quarterly If required Times/year
X
0,14
0,14
0,14
1,84
1,84
1,60
1,60
0,23
0,23
6,37
5,43
5,43
5,43
0,94
0,94
0,54
0,40
2,56
1,83
0,98
0,98
0,84
0,84
0,11
0,11
0,11
0,62
0,62
0,62
7,91
6,21
0,80
0,80
0,80
5,41
2,31
2,31
3,10
3,10
1,69
1,69
1,69
1,69
21,59
4,17
1,84
0,39
0,39
1,45
1,22
0,24
2,33
0,79
0,79
0,77
0,77
0,78
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
2
7/03
7/03
R
X
X
X
X
X
Statistics Finland 37
Coicop
09.3.1.2.4.1
09.3.2
09.3.2.1
09.3.2.1.1
09.3.2.1.1.1
09.3.2.1.1.2
09.3.2.1.1.3
09.3.2.1.2
09.3.2.1.2.1
09.3.2.1.2.2
09.3.2.2
09.3.2.2.4
09.3.2.2.4.1
09.3.2.2.4.2
09.3.3
09.3.3.1
09.3.3.1.2
09.3.3.1.2.1
09.3.3.2
09.3.3.2.1
09.3.3.2.1.1
09.3.3.2.2
09.3.3.2.2.1
09.3.3.3
09.3.3.3.1
09.3.3.3.1.1
09.3.3.3.2
09.3.3.3.2.1
09.3.4
09.3.4.2
09.3.4.2.1
09.3.4.2.1.1
09.3.4.2.1.2
09.3.4.2.2
09.3.4.2.2.1
09.3.5
09.3.5.1
09.3.5.1.1
09.3.5.1.1.1
09.4
09.4.1
09.4.1.1
09.4.1.1.1
09.4.1.1.1.1
09.4.1.1.1.2
09.4.1.1.2
09.4.1.1.2.1
09.4.1.2
09.4.1.2.1
09.4.1.2.1.1
09.4.1.2.2
09.4.1.2.2.1
09.4.1.2.5
09.4.1.2.5.1
09.4.2
09.4.2.1
09.4.2.1.1
09.4.2.1.1.1
09.4.2.1.2
09.4.2.1.2.1
09.4.2.2
Item
Toy construction set
Equipment for sport, camping and open-air recreation
Equipment for sport
Outdoor equipment for sport
Set of skis
Ice hockey skates
Nordic walking poles
Indoor equipment for sport
Floorball stick
Badminton racket
Equipment for camping and open-air recreation
Other equipment for camping and open-air recreation
Lure
Sleeping bag
Gardens, plants and flowers
Garden equipment
Soil, peat and fertilisers
Potting soil
Plants
Indoor plants
Plant
Outdoor plants
Ornamental shrub
Flowers
Indoor flowers
Bouquet
Outdoor flowers
Seedlings
Pets and related products
Products for pets
Pet food
Dog food
Cat food
Pet equipment
Chewable bone
Veterinary and other services for pets
Veterinary and other services for pets
Veterinary services
Veterinary charge
Recreational and cultural services
Recreational and sporting services
Recreational services
Sporting event
Football match
Ice hockey match
Fairgrounds and amusement parks
Amusement parks
Sporting services
Swimming pool fees
Swimming pool fee
Fitness centres and gymnasia
Fitness centre fee
Other sporting services
Badminton, hour
Cultural services
Cinemas, theatres and concerts
Cinemas
Cinema ticket
Theatres and opera houses
Theatre ticket
Museums, libraries and zoological gardens
38 Statistics Finland
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
0,78
6,04
4,04
3,45
1,62
0,60
1,23
0,59
0,29
0,29
2,00
2,00
1,57
0,43
5,87
0,85
0,85
0,85
2,24
1,38
1,38
0,86
0,86
2,78
1,90
1,90
0,88
0,88
3,96
3,96
2,52
1,24
1,28
1,44
1,44
1,55
1,55
1,55
1,55
45,64
11,11
1,51
0,66
0,06
0,60
0,85
0,85
9,60
3,30
3,30
3,15
3,15
3,16
3,16
15,55
3,79
0,75
0,75
3,04
3,04
0,55
Quarterly If required Times/year
X
4/11
5/11
X
X
X
6/04
X
X
X
5/05
X
4/05
X
X
X
X
6/05
8/09
X
2
X
2
R
2
Coicop
09.4.2.2.1
09.4.2.2.1.1
09.4.2.3
09.4.2.3.2
09.4.2.3.2.1
09.4.2.3.3
09.4.2.3.3.1
09.4.2.4
09.4.2.4.1
09.4.2.4.1.1
09.4.2.5
09.4.2.5.1
09.4.2.5.1.1
09.4.2.7
09.4.2.7.1
09.4.2.7.1.1
09.4.3
09.4.3.1
09.4.3.1.1
09.4.3.1.1.1
09.5
09.5.1
09.5.1.1
09.5.1.1.1
09.5.1.1.1.1
09.5.1.1.1.2
09.5.1.1.2
09.5.1.1.2.1
09.5.1.2
09.5.1.2.2
09.5.1.2.2.1
09.5.1.3
09.5.1.3.1
09.5.1.3.1.1
09.5.2
09.5.2.1
09.5.2.1.1
09.5.2.1.1.1
09.5.2.1.2
09.5.2.1.2.1
09.5.2.2
09.5.2.2.1
09.5.2.2.1.1
09.5.2.2.2
09.5.2.2.2.1
09.5.3
09.5.3.1
09.5.3.1.1
09.5.3.1.1.1
09.5.4
09.5.4.1
09.5.4.1.1
09.5.4.1.1.1
09.5.4.2
09.5.4.2.1
09.5.4.2.1.1
09.6
09.6.0
09.6.0.1
09.6.0.1.1
Item
Museums, art galleries and exhibitions
Museums and sights
Television and radio licence fees
TV licence fee
TV licence fee
Subscription to cable TV and Pay-TV
Pay-TV
Hire of equipment and accessories for culture
Hire of movie
Hire of movie
Photographic services
Photographic services
Photo service
Other cultural services
Other cultural services
Entertainment events
Games of chance
Games of chance
Games of chance
Games of chance
Newspapers, books and stationery
Books
Fiction
Fiction
Fiction
Book club
Children's books
Children's and youth's book
School and text books
School books
School book
Other non-fiction
Non-fiction books
Non-fiction book
Newspapers and periodicals
Newspapers
Single copy of a newspaper
Single copy of a newspaper
Subscription to a newspaper
Subscription to a newspaper
Magazines and periodicals
Single copy of a magazines
Single copy of a magazines
Subscription to a periodicals
Subscription to a periodicals
Miscellaneous printed matter
Miscellaneous printed matter
Postcards and greeting cards
Greeting card
Stationery and drawing materials
Stationery and drawing materials
Papers and stationery
Giftwrapping
Other stationery and drawing materials
Other stationery and drawing materials
Ink cartridge
Package holidays
Package holidays
Domestic holidays
Domestic holidays
Weight
Collection intervals
o/oo
Monthly
0,55
0,55
8,99
8,42
8,42
0,57
0,57
0,29
0,29
0,29
1,19
1,19
1,19
0,73
0,73
0,73
18,97
18,97
18,97
18,97
16,94
3,72
2,23
1,75
0,99
0,76
0,48
0,48
0,78
0,78
0,78
0,71
0,71
0,71
11,16
5,89
0,88
0,88
5,01
5,01
5,27
0,80
0,80
4,47
4,47
0,82
0,82
0,82
0,82
1,23
0,63
0,63
0,63
0,61
0,61
0,61
13,27
13,27
0,72
0,72
Quarterly If required Times/year
2
X
X
X
R
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Statistics Finland 39
Coicop
09.6.0.1.1.1
09.6.0.2
09.6.0.2.1
09.6.0.2.1.1
09.6.0.2.2
09.6.0.2.2.1
10
10.2
10.2.0
10.2.0.1
10.2.0.1.2
10.2.0.1.2.1
10.5
10.5.0
10.5.0.1
10.5.0.1.1
10.5.0.1.1.1
11
11.1
11.1.1
11.1.1.1
11.1.1.1.1
11.1.1.1.1.1
11.1.1.1.1.2
11.1.1.1.2
11.1.1.1.2.1
11.1.1.1.3
11.1.1.1.3.1
11.1.1.1.4
11.1.1.1.4.1
11.1.1.1.4.2
11.1.1.1.4.3
11.1.1.1.4.4
11.1.1.1.5
11.1.1.1.5.1
11.1.1.1.6
11.1.1.1.6.1
11.1.1.1.7
11.1.1.1.7.1
11.1.1.1.8
11.1.1.1.8.1
11.1.1.1.9
11.1.1.1.9.1
11.1.1.2
11.1.1.2.1
11.1.1.2.1.1
11.1.1.2.1.2
11.1.1.2.1.3
11.1.1.3
11.1.1.3.1
11.1.1.3.1.1
11.1.1.4
11.1.1.4.1
11.1.1.4.1.1
11.1.1.4.1.2
11.1.1.4.2
11.1.1.4.2.1
11.1.1.4.3
11.1.1.4.3.1
11.1.1.4.3.2
11.1.2
Item
Weight
o/oo
Domestic holidays
International holidays
International holidays
International holidays
Cruises abroad
Cruises on ferry
EDUCATION
Secondary education
Secondary education
Lower-secondary education
Upper secondary education (ISCED 3) and vocational education
Folk high school
Education not definable by level
Education not definable by level
Education not definable by level
Courses
Adult education centre
RESTAURANTS AND HOTELS
Catering services
Restaurants, cafes and the like
Restaurants
Pizza and pasta
Pizza
Pasta
Vegetarian dishes
Vegetarian dish
Fish dishes
Fish dish
Meat dishes
Pork dish
Steak
Poultry dish
Lunch
Salads
Salad
Desserts
Dessert
Spirits in restaurant
Spirits in restaurant
Wine in restaurant
Wine in restaurant
Beer in restaurant
Beer in restaurant
Fast food
Fast food
Hamburger
Hamburger meal
Fast food meal
Take away food
Take away food
Take away food
Cafés
Coffee
Coffee
Special coffee
Soft drinks
Soft drink
Savoury and sweet pastries
Sweet pastry
Savoury pastry
Canteens
0,72
12,55
11,78
11,78
0,77
0,77
5,08
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
1,02
4,07
4,07
4,07
4,07
4,07
70,49
65,14
53,24
38,21
4,24
3,44
0,79
0,26
0,26
1,83
1,83
11,62
1,80
1,63
1,88
6,30
1,34
1,34
0,53
0,53
5,13
5,13
5,28
5,28
7,98
7,98
4,85
4,85
0,92
2,23
1,70
3,52
3,52
3,52
6,66
2,83
1,99
0,84
1,60
1,60
2,23
0,62
1,62
11,90
40 Statistics Finland
Collection intervals
Monthly Quarterly If required Times/year
X
X
X
2
2
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
X
X
X
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Coicop
Item
Weight
o/oo
11.1.2.1
11.1.2.1.1
11.1.2.1.1.1
11.2
11.2.0
11.2.0.1
11.2.0.1.1
11.2.0.1.1.1
11.2.0.2
11.2.0.2.1
11.2.0.2.1.1
11.2.0.3
11.2.0.3.1
11.2.0.3.1.1
12
12.1
12.1.1
Catering services of works and office canteens
Catering services of works and office canteens
Meals at workplace canteen
Accommodation services
Accommodation services
Hotels, motels, inns and similar
Accommodation services in hotels and motels
Hotel accommodation
Holiday centres, camping sites, youth hostels and similar
Accommodation services in holiday centres and camping sites
Camping fee
Other accommodation services
Other accommodation services
Holiday cottage
MISCELLANEOUS GOODS AND SERVICES
Personal care
Hairdressing salons and personal grooming
establishments
Haircutting for men and children
Haircutting for men
Barber's fee
Hairdressing for women
Haircutting for women
Hairdresser's fee
Colouring
Hair dyeing
Personal grooming treatments
Facial beauty treatments
Facial beauty treatment
Electric appliances for personal care
Electric razors and hair trimmers
Electric razors and hair trimmers
Electric shaver
Hair dryers, curling tongs and styling combs
Hair dryers, curling tongs and styling combs
Hair styling appliance
Other electric appliance for personal care
Other electric appliance for personal care
Electric toothbrush
Other appliances, articles and products for personal care
Articles for personal hygiene
Cleansing articles for personal hygiene
Toothbrush
Toothpaste
Shampoo
Shower gel
Facial cleanser
Other articles for personal hygiene
Toilet paper
Disposable nappies
Sanitary towels
Paper handkerchief
Beauty products
Perfumes
Perfume bottle
Aftershave
Deodorant
Make-up
Mascara
Lipstick
11,90
11,90
11,90
5,35
5,35
4,37
4,37
4,37
0,66
0,66
0,66
0,32
0,32
0,32
67,40
23,48
12.1.1.1.
12.1.1.1.1
12.1.1.1.1.1
12.1.1.2
12.1.1.2.1
12.1.1.2.1.1
12.1.1.2.3
12.1.1.2.3.1
12.1.1.3
12.1.1.3.1
12.1.1.3.1.1
12.1.2
12.1.2.1
12.1.2.1.1
12.1.2.1.1.1
12.1.2.2
12.1.2.2.1
12.1.2.2.1.1
12.1.2.3
12.1.2.3.1
12.1.2.3.1.1
12.1.3
12.1.3.2
12.1.3.2.1
12.1.3.2.1.1
12.1.3.2.1.2
12.1.3.2.1.3
12.1.3.2.1.4
12.1.3.2.1.5
12.1.3.2.2
12.1.3.2.2.1
12.1.3.2.2.2
12.1.3.2.2.3
12.1.3.2.2.4
12.1.3.3
12.1.3.3.1
12.1.3.3.1.1
12.1.3.3.1.2
12.1.3.3.1.3
12.1.3.3.2
12.1.3.3.2.1
12.1.3.3.2.2
10,50
2,03
2,03
2,03
7,19
2,53
2,53
4,66
4,66
1,29
1,29
1,29
0,71
0,21
0,21
0,21
0,23
0,23
0,23
0,27
0,27
0,27
12,27
5,83
2,50
0,40
0,58
0,63
0,46
0,44
3,33
1,42
1,00
0,57
0,34
6,44
1,07
0,37
0,28
0,43
1,50
1,03
0,47
Collection intervals
Monthly Quarterly If required Times/year
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Statistics Finland 41
Coicop
Item
Weight
o/oo
12.1.3.3.3
12.1.3.3.3.1
12.1.3.3.4
12.1.3.3.4.1
12.1.3.3.4.2
12.3
12.3.1
12.3.1.1
12.3.1.1.2
12.3.1.1.2.1
12.3.1.1.2.2
12.3.1.1.3
12.3.1.1.3.1
12.3.2
12.3.2.1
12.3.2.1.1
12.3.2.1.1.1
12.3.2.1.2
12.3.2.1.2.1
12.3.2.2
12.3.2.2.1
12.3.2.2.1.1
12.3.2.3
12.3.2.3.3
12.3.2.3.3.1
12.4
12.4.0
12.4.0.1
12.4.0.1.1
12.4.0.1.1.1
12.4.0.2
12.4.0.2.1
Body, hand and hair lotions
Face cream
Other beauty products
Hair dye
Hair styling mousse
Personal effects, n.e.c.
Jewellery, clocks and watches
Jewellery
Precious jewellery
Silver necklace
Diamond ring
Costume jewellery
Costume jewellery
Other personal effects
Travel goods
Suitcases
Suitcase
Bags
Handbag
Articles for babies
Prams and pushchairs
Pram
Other personal effects
Miscellaneous, including repair of personal effects
Sunglasses
Social Protection
Social Protection
Services for children
Nurseries, day-care facilities
Children's day care
Services for the elderly and disabled persons
Retirement home for elderly persons and residdences
for disabled persons
Old-aged home charge
Insurance
Insurance connected with the dwelling
Insurance connected with the dwelling
Insurance connected with the dwelling
Insurance of personal property
Premium for fire insurance on detached houses
Insurance connected with health
Insurance connected with health
Insurance connected with health
Accident and health insurance
Insurance connected with transport
Car insurance
Car insurance
Traffic insurance
Motor vehicle insurance
Financial services n.e.c.
Other financial services n.e.c.
Charges by banks and post offices
Charges by banks and post offices
Bank charges
Interests on consumer credits
Other services n.e.c.
Other services n.e.c.
Administrative fees
Passports and licenses
2,30
2,30
1,56
0,85
0,70
5,61
3,17
3,17
2,79
1,17
1,63
0,38
0,38
2,44
1,31
0,45
0,45
0,87
0,87
0,66
0,66
0,66
0,47
0,47
0,47
17,85
17,85
11,13
11,13
11,13
6,72
12.4.0.2.1.1
12.5
12.5.2
12.5.2.1
12.5.2.1.1
12.5.2.1.1.1
12.5.2.1.1.2
12.5.3
12.5.3.1
12.5.3.1.1
12.5.3.1.1.1
12.5.4
12.5.4.1
12.5.4.1.1
12.5.4.1.1.1
12.5.4.1.1.2
12.6
12.6.2
12.6.2.1
12.6.2.1.1
12.6.2.1.1.1
12.6.2.1.1.2
12.7
12.7.0
12.7.0.1
12.7.0.1.2
42 Statistics Finland
6,72
6,72
7,62
1,69
1,69
1,69
0,77
0,92
1,15
1,15
1,15
1,15
4,78
4,78
4,78
2,86
1,92
11,09
11,09
11,09
11,09
0,20
10,89
1,75
1,75
1,37
1,37
Collection intervals
Monthly Quarterly If required Times/year
X
X
X
R
R
X
X
X
R
X
1
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Coicop
Item
Weight
o/oo
12.7.0.1.2.1
12.7.0.4
12.7.0.4.1
12.7.0.4.1.1
Redemption of documents
Other fees and services
Reprod. of documents, newspaper notices and advertisem.
Advertisement fees
1,37
0,37
0,37
0,37
Collection intervals
Monthly Quarterly If required Times/year
X
X
R = Rotational collection, half of the prices are collected during even months, half of the prices are collected during odd months.
E.g. 6/04 = Seasonal products; prices are collected six times per year, starting in April.
Statistics Finland 43
Appendix 2
Chaining coefficient of old indices
The table below presents the chaining coefficients of a selection of old Consumer Price Indices and
Cost-of-living Indices at the overall index level and by main commodity groups. The coefficients in
the table are cut figures, i.e. they have not been rounded. Chaining coefficients are used in the
following manner:
Chaining coefficient x point figure 2010=100 ⇒ point figure of old index.
Example:
The point figure of the Consumer Price Index 2010=100 for April 2011 was 103.2. The coefficient
for chaining the Consumer Price Index 2005=100 to the 2010=100 index is 1.097185. The point figure of the Consumer Price Index 2005=100 for April 2011 is:
1.097185 x 103.2 = 113.23 = 113.2.
Correspondingly, the point figure of the Cost-of-living Index 1951:10=100 for April 2011 is:
17.518489 x 103.2 = 1,807.91 = 1,808.
Not all commodity groups have a coefficient because the commodity classification of the Index has
changed over the years.
Index base year, commodity group and chaining coefficients to the 2010=100 index
(CPI = Consumer Price Index and COLI = Cost-of-living Index)
Commodity group
CPI 2005
CPI 2000
CPI 1995
CPI 1990
CPI 1981
CPI 1972
0 Total index
01 Food and non-alcoholic
beverages
02 Alcohol and tobacco
03 Clothing and footwear
04 Housing
05 Household equipment
06 Health
07 Transport
08 Communication
09 Recreation and culture
10 Education
11 Restaurants and hotels
12 Others
1.097185
1.167387
1.260273
1.411498
2.405877
6.809289
17.518489
1.099205
1.217232
1.014704
1.155246
1.075107
1.073467
1.068584
0.909174
1.044101
1.180335
1.161458
1.098598
1.202216
1.122685
1.006448
1.260642
1.133943
1.238343
1.127935
0.734460
1.131462
1.468798
1.287463
1.202791
1.227276
1.242662
1.002964
1.405303
1.167712
1.416670
1.278529
0.725805
1.210345
1.729110
1.456229
1.228053
1.158329
1.526531
1.166102
1.421454
1.334452
1.863022
1.451348
1.884119
2.921604
1.732456
2.390917
2.128271
4.234592
2.352563
5.578145
7.909236
4.705062
6.335617
5.430039
15.730646
44 Statistics Finland
6.775561
COLI 1951:10:00 COLI 1914:1–6
6.480205
23.889009
2122.906518
Appendix 3
Weights of main groups in regional
Consumer Price Indices, %
Commodity group
Uusimaa
0
01
02
03
04
05
100.00
11.84
5.83
5.96
23.33
5.70
4.62
11.72
2.23
12.81
0.75
7.64
7.58
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
Consumer Price Index
Food and non-alcoholic beverages
Alcoholic beverages, tobacco
Clothing and footwear
Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fluels
Furnishings, households equipment and routine
maintenance of the house
Health
Transport
Communication
Recreation and culture
Education
Restaurants and hotels
Miscellaneous goods and services
Eastern
Finland
Western
Finland
Northen
Finland
Åland
Whole
country
100.00
13.96
5.94
4.99
21.71
100.00
15.31
5.67
4.77
21.97
100.00
13.69
5.13
5.20
23.07
100.00
14.27
6.18
4.92
23.64
100.00
12.77
3.45
2.84
25.40
100.00
13.40
5.69
5.31
22.82
5.65
5.85
13.55
2.30
12.76
0.37
6.63
6.31
5.72
5.17
13.02
2.61
12.54
0.48
6.56
6.19
5.65
4.72
14.18
2.60
12.28
0.33
6.89
6.28
5.70
4.67
13.41
2.43
10.64
0.50
6.90
6.74
6.38
5.16
12.79
2.87
12.50
0.75
8.93
6.17
5.69
4.97
13.04
2.40
12.39
0.51
7.05
6.74
Rest of
Southern
Finland
Statistics Finland 45
TILASTOKESKUS
STATISTIKCENTRALEN
STATISTICS FINLAND
KÄSIKIRJOJA
HANDBÖCKER
HANDBOOKS
Nro 1
Koulutusluokitus 2006
Utbildningsklassificering 2006
2007
Nro 4
Toimialaluokitus TOL 2008
2008
Toimialaluokitus TOL 2008 (pdf)
2008
Toimialaluokitus TOL 2008
Liite 1 Hakemisto
2009
Näringsgrensindelningen TOL 2008 (pdf)
2009
Toimialaluokitus TOL 2002
Näringsgrensindelningen TOL 2002
Standard Industrial Classification TOL 2002
Liite 2 Tiivistelmä
Bilaga 2 Sammandrag
Annex 2 Summary
2002
Nro 5
Sektoriluokitus 2000
Sektorindelningen 2000
Classification of Sectors 2000
2000
Nro 6
Rahoitusvaadeluokitus 1996
Classification of financial assets and liabilities 1996
1995
Nro 10 Yhteisöjen tehtäväluokitukset
Julkisyhteisöjen ja voittoa tavoittelemattomien
yhteisöjen tehtäväluokitukset
Uppgiftsklassificeringar för sammanslutningar
Uppgiftsklassificeringar för offentliga sammanslutningar
och icke vinstsyftande sammanslutningar
Classifications of the functions of government and
non-profit institutions serving households
uudistettu painos
1986
reviderad upplaga
revised edition
Nro 11 Pääasiallisen toiminnan luokitus
Pääasiallisen toimeentulolähteen luokitus
Klassificering av befolkningen efter
huvudsaklig verksamhet
Klassificering av befolkningen efter
huvudsaklig inkomstkälla
Classification of the Population by Type of Activity
Classification of the Population by Main
Source of Livelihood
1980
Nro 14 Ammattiluokitus 2010
2011
Ammattiluokitus 2010 (pdf)
2011
Nro 16 Rakennusluokitus 1994
Byggnadsklassificering 1994
Classification of Buildings 1994
1994
Nro 17 Sosioekonomisen aseman luokitus 1989
Classification of Socio-economic Groups
uudistettu painos
revised edition
Nr
reviderad upplaga
17b Sosioekonomisk indelning 1989
1989
1990
Nro 18 Demografiset ja sosiaaliset perusluokitukset
Ikä, sukupuoli, siviilisääty, kieli, kansalaisuus, uskontokunta
Demografiska och sociala grundklassificeringar
Ålder, kön, civilstånd, språk, nationalitet, trossamfund
Demographic and Social Basic Classifications
Age, Sex, Marital Status, Language, Nationality, Religion
1983
Nro 20 Suomen ympäristötiedostot
1996
Nro 21 Aineellisten varojen luokitukset
Kiinteä pääoma, varastovarat, muut aineelliset varat
Klassificeringar av materiella tillgångar
Fast kapital, lagerkapital, övriga materiella tillgångar
Classifications of Tangible Assets
Fixed Capital, Inventories, Other Tangible Assets
1985
Nro 22 Ikäluokitukset
Ohjeita ikäluokituksen käytöstä
Åldersklassificeringar
Riktlinjer för användning av åldersklassificeringar
1986
Nro 27 Rikosnimikkeistö
Brottsnomenklatur
Crime nomenclature
1999
Nro 28 Kunnat ja kuntapohjaiset aluejaot 2012
Kommuner och kommunbaserade indelningar 2012
Municipalities and Regional Divisions Based on
Municipalities 2012
2012
Kunnat ja kuntapohjaiset aluejaot 2012 (pdf)
Kommuner och kommunbaserade indelningar 2012
Municipalities and Regional Divisions Based on
Municipalities 2012
2012
Nro 30 Tilastokeskuksen ammattieettinen opas
2006
No
30b Guidelines on Professional Ethics
2006
Nro 31 Tuottajahintaindeksit 1990=100
Indeksien käyttäjän käsikirja
Producer Price Indices 1990=100
Handbook for Indices Users
1993
Nro 32 Maanrakennuskustannusindeksi 1990=100
Käyttäjän käsikirja
1993
Nro 33 Ansiotasoindeksi 2005=100 (pdf)
Käyttäjän käsikirja
2009
Nr
33b Förtjänstnivåindex 2005=100 (pdf)
Användarhandbok
2009
No
33c The Index of Wage and Salary Earnings 2005=100 (pdf)
Handbook for users
2009
Nro 34 Tuoteluokitus
1995
Nro 35 Väestölaskenta 2000
Käsikirja
2001
Nr
35b Folkräkningen 2000
Handbok
2001
No
35c Population Census 2000
Handbook
2001
Nro
36 Siviiliasiain nimikkeistö
Nomenklatur för civilmål
Nomenclature of civil cases
2002
Nro 37 Jäteluokitusopas
2005
No
1999
37b Guide to Waste Classification
Nro 38 Vuoden 1950 väestölaskennan
otosaineiston käsikirja
Nro 39 Kuluttajahintaindeksi 2010=100 (pdf)
Käyttäjän käsikirja
Nr
39b Konsumentprisindex 2005=100 (pdf)
Användarhandbok
No
39c Consumer Price Index 2010=100 (pdf)
Handbook for Users
1997
uudistettu painos
2012
2008
revised edition
2012
Nro 40 Maankäyttöluokitus
Markanvändningsklassificering
Land Use Classification
2000
Nro 41 Julkisyhteisöjen tehtäväluokitus
2001
Nro 42 Rakennuskustannusindeksi 2000 =100
Käyttäjän käsikirja
Building Cost Index 2000=100
User’s Handbook
2001
Nro 43 Laatua tilastoissa
No
uudistettu painos
43b Quality Guidelines for Official Statistics
2007
2002
Nro 44 Yksilöllisen kulutuksen käyttötarkoituksen mukainen luokitus (COICOP)
2002
Nro 45 Use of Registers and Administrative Data Sources for Statistical Purposes
2004
Nro 46 Kulutustutkimus 2006 (pdf)
Käyttäjän käsikirja
2009
Nro 47 Työvoimakustannusindeksi 2008=100 (pdf)
Käyttäjän käsikirja
2011
No
2011
47c Labour Cost Index 2008=100 (pdf)
Handbook for users
Nro 48 Koulutuksen järjestäjät ja oppilaitokset 2011
Käyttäjän käsikirja
Utbildningsanordnare och läroanstalter 2011
Användarhandbok
Koulutuksen järjestäjät ja oppilaitokset 2011 (pdf)
Käyttäjän käsikirja
Utbildningsanordnare och läroanstalter 2011
Användarhandbok
2012
2012
The Consumer Price Index 2010=100 Handbook for Users has been written as a guide for the users of the
Consumer Price Index.
The Handbook provides information on:
• What the Consumer Price Index measures, how it is compiled and what it contains
• How the Consumer Price Index is used; practical calculation examples are included
• Basics and methods of index calculation
• The weight structure and commodity selection of the Consumer Price Index
• The chaining coefficients of Consumer Price Indices with older base years
• A presentation also on the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices and the Harmonised
Index of Consumer Prices at Constant Taxes.
ISSN 1797–9439
= Handbooks
ISBN 978–952–244–373–1
Tietopalvelu, Tilastokeskus
puh. 09 1734 2220
www.tilastokeskus.fi
Informationstjänst, Statistikcentralen
tel. +358 9 1734 2220
www.stat.fi
Information Service, Statistics Finland
tel. +358 9 1734 2220
www.stat.fi
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asiakaspalvelu.publishing@edita.fi
www.editapublishing.fi
Beställning av publikationer, Edita Publishing Oy
tel. +358 20 450 05
www.editapublishing.fi
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tel. +358 20 450 05
www.editapublishing.fi