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BetaPicTransitMonitoring
IngressperiodJuly-August2017
PaulKalas(UCBerkeley)
WithJasonWang,JamesGraham,LifanWang,TristanGuillot,AnnMarieLagrange,theGPITeam,etal.
FutureWork/BroaderImpact:Debrisaroundaplanet?
Star (to scale)
Pla
rH=1.2AU
ne
bi
Or
t’s
Hill Sphere
t
βPicatRA=5h47misa
“winter”target…
ingressisnot
observable.
Wangetal.2016
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
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ImpossibletomonitorβPicduringingress.
Thistheperfectproject!
Ifthegroundisimpossible,thentryHST.
HSTschedulingwindowsfortargetbetaPic.
GO-14621,6orbits,WFC3/UVIS,953N,0.5arcsec/sec
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
βPicatRA=5h47misa“winter”target…ingressisimpossibletoobserve.
Exceptforacertainlargedesertinthesouth.
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
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SlidefromLifanWang(TexasA&M)
DomeA
Elevation 4,091m(13,422ft)
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
Coordinates:-80d22m,E77d21m
DomeA DomeC
June1
August1
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
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ClosestApproach–Sep.1,2017
GeminiSouth/CTIO
DomeC
Observablefor~10hoursaboveairmass=2
Observablefor~3.5hoursaboveairmass=2
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
SlidesfromGilMoretto“DomeCUpdate(2015)”
subarutelescope.org/Projects/scar_aaa/talks/session6/DomeC2015.pdf
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
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40cmtelescope,4Kx4K,0.93”/pix,1˚FOV
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
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AntarcticSchmidtTelescopes
http://subarutelescope.org/Projects/scar_aaa/program.html
ChineseSmallTelescopeArray
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
SlideadaptedfromLifanWang(TexasA&M)
Zouetal.2010
CSTAR
•  Installed2007
•  anarrayoffour14.5cm
telescopes
•  FoV20Sq.Deg.
•  Opticalr,g
AST3
•  Installed2013,operational2015
•  Twoopticaltelescopes68cm
•  FoV4.2SqDeg
•  1”/pix
•  RoboticandviaIridiumsatellite
•  Shangetal.2016SPIE9910
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
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PossibleSOFIA/FPI+Follow-up
Advantages
•  CanflyfromChristchurch,NewZealandandobservebetaPicinthe
sametimeperiodJune–August(inclusive)astheAntarctic
observatories(KiwisareNewZealanders,namedafterkiwibird,notkiwifruit)
•  ~1mmagtime-seriesphotometricprecisionenabledbyFPI+infiveSloan
filterbands.FromtheAntarcticstationsweexpect2-3mmag
precision.
•  BecauseFPI+isthetrackingcameraforSOFIA,itisalwaysavailable
regardlessofwhichoftheothersciencecamerasaremounted.
ThereforeaTargetofOpportunityprogramusingFPI+shouldbe
feasiblewithminimalimpactonotherprograms.
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
•  BetaPic’sSOFIAvisibilityfromaChristchurchflightatlatitude-50˚onJuly15,2017.
•  Severalhoursofobservationsat>30˚elevationareavailablebeforesunrise.
•  Ifatransiteventdurationis~45hours,enoughtimetofuelandflythebird.
•  Requested9hourswithFPI+andSloan+NDfilters.
•  2/9hrsforearlyfiducialobservations(samplingdeltaScutipulsations)
•  7/9hrstriggeredbygroundobservatories.NotclearifAntarctictriggerswillwork.
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
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We’replanningaSpitzerSpaceTelescopeproposalalso
TwoclassesofToOproposals.
“lowimpact”ToO:whentheobservationcanbescheduledeightweeksormoreafterthe
trigger.
“high/mediumimpact”:ToOiswhereyouwanttheobservationassoonaspossible:
"ObservationsofunanticipatedphenomenashouldberequestedthroughDirector’s
DiscretionaryTime(DDT)procedures.
High/mediumimpactToOsmustberequestedviaDDTproposals.”
"Toallowfortheselectionofnewscienceprogramsin2017-18upto2000hoursoftimewillbe
availableinthreestructuredDDTproposalreviewswith500-700hoursavailableineach.The
plannedscheduleofDDTproposaldeadlinesisFebruary2017,August2017,andMarch2018.In
additiontomeetingthenominalproposalselectioncriterialistedinthisCP,theseDDT
proposalsmustincludethefollowing:
1.Proposersmustprovideanexplanationofwhytheproposalcouldnothavebeensubmitted
inresponsetothisCP.
2.Proposersmustprovideacleardescriptionofthescientificurgencyoftheseobservations
andwhytheyareimportantenoughtopossiblybumppriority1Cycle-13observations.
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
Whatareweexpecting?
Inprinciple:MoonsaslargeasGanymede(r=2630km)orIo(r=1820km)
wouldgivetransitdepthsof2.473×10−3(2.7mmag)and1.711×10−3(1.9mmag),
respectively.Thetransitdurationis∼45hours.
Inpractice:Probablysomethingmorecomplex…
LecavelierdesEtangs+1997
Kenworthy&Mamajek2015
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
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• 
SummaryasofSep.2016
Fairlyorganicresearchplanfortheingressphase,plantingsomeseeds,
hopethatnourishingdataemergesfromoneormoreseeds.
•  Nonedetectionstilladdressesauniquecaseofa20MyroldsuperJupiterin
anenvironmentpollutedwithdustandplanetesimals.
•  Detectionfromtheingressphasewouldelectrifytheegressphase
observationsfromSeptember–December2017.
•  Firstdetectionofanexoplanetwithamoon/ringsystemwouldhaveahuge
scientificimpact.Couldinspiremajorrepeatobservingcampaign20years
fromnow.
•  Students/postdocs/everyonelearningalotthroughthisexperience–canuse
asatemplateforcontinuingexoplanetstudiesinthefuture.
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
OutstandingQuestions
1.  BetaPicisverybright,mv=3.86mag.Needtoexaminehowtobest
accomplishprecisionphotometryrelativetofainterfieldstars(8th-9thmag).
Photometricstabilityoffieldstars?
2.  Needtoexaminepossiblespectroscopictargetofopportunityobservationsand
multi-wavelengthfollowup.
3.  Polarization?
4.  ___________________________
PaulKalas–UCBerkeley
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