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Entomofauna
ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR ENTOMOLOGIE
Band 36, Heft 32: 425-440
ISSN 0250-4413
Ansfelden, 2. Januar 2015
A study on the genus Bracon FABRICIUS (Hymenoptera:
Braconidae) in north central Iran with four new records for
Iranian fauna
Mohammad ZARGAR, Ali Asghar TALEBI, Hamidreza HAJIQANBAR & JenĘ PAPP
Abstract
The fauna of the genus Bracon (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Braconinae) was studied in
north central Iran (Alborz, Qazvin, Guilan, Mazandaran and Tehran provinces).
Specimens were collected using Malaise traps during 2010-2011. Fourteen species and
two subspecies were identified of these two species, Bracon (Glabrobracon) parvulus
(WESMAEL 1838), Bracon (Palpibracon) delibator, HALIDAY 1833 and two subspecies
Bracon (Bracon) intercessor laetus (WESMAEL 1838) and Bracon (Glabrobracon)
variator bipartitus (WESMAEL 1838) are new records for the fauna of Iran. Geographical
distribution of all species and morphological characteristics of the newly recorded
species are provided.
Key words: Bracon, subspecies, fauna, new records, Iran.
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Zusammenfassung
Die Fauna der Gattung Bracon (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Braconinae) im NordZentral-Iran (Alborz, Qazvin, Guilan, Mazandaran und Teheran Provinzen) wurde
untersucht. Die Tiere wurden mit Hilfe von Malaisefallen in den Jahren 2010-2011
gesammelt. Vierzehn Arten und zwei Unterarten wurden bestimmt, von diesen sind zwei
Arten, Bracon (Glabrobracon) parvulus (WESMAEL 1838), Bracon (Palpibracon)
delibator HALIDAY, 1833 und zwei Unterarten Bracon (Bracon) intercessor laetus
(WESMAEL 1838) und Bracon (Glabrobracon) variator bipartitus (WESMAEL 1838) neue
Meldungen für die Fauna des Iran. Die geografische Verbreitung aller Arten sowie die
morphologischen Merkmale der neu erfassten Arten, werden mitgeteilt.
Introduction
The Braconidae included one of the most species-rich and cosmopolitan families of
Hymenoptera (SHARKEY & WAHL 1992; QUICKE et al. 1999). Braconinae is the largest
subfamily of Braconidae, comprises small to large wasps with more than 2,900 described
species in the world (YU et al. 20012). The braconid wasps are extremely diverse, and
play significant role for control of economic insect pests. Braconinae species are
recognized as idiobiont ectoparasitoids of concealed larvae of many Coleoptera, Diptera,
Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera species (SHAW & HUDDLESTON 1991; YU et al. 2012;
SHARKEY 1993; WHARTON 1993). The Bracon FABRICIUS, 1804 is a cosmopolitan genus
with about 599 described species worldwide, and is mostly distributed in the Palaearctic
region (YU et al. 2012). It is a moderately large genus and is divided into sixteen
subgenera, but only 10 subgenera include Bracon FABRICIUS, 1804, Asiabracon TOBIAS,
1957, Cyanopterobracon TOBIAS, 1957, Glabrobracon FAHRINGER, 1927, Habrobracon
ASHMEAD, 1895, Lucobracon FAHRINGER, 1927, Orthobracon FAHRINGER, 1927,
Pigeria VAN ACHTERBERG, 1985, Rostrobracon TOBIAS, 1957 and Palpibracon PAPP,
2012 are reported for the fauna of Iran (YU et al. 2012). A checklist of Iranian Bracon
was published by AMERI et al. (2013), who reported 60 species of the genus Bracon from
Iran. The majority of the taxonomic and faunistic research on Braconidae of Iran have
been done in the northern, western and southern parts of the country (AMERI et al. 2013;
AMERI et al. 2012; FARAHANI et al. 2012a, 2012b, 2013a, 2013b; ZARGAR et al. 2014;
MONAJEMI & ESMAILI 1981; AL-E-MANSOUR & MOSTAFAVI 1993; van ACHTERBERG &
MEHRNEJAD 2002; MEHRPARVAR et al. 2005; DEZIANIAN & QUICKE 2006 RAKHSHANI et
al. 2007a, 2007b, 2008a, 2008b). The aim of this study was to develop an overview of
braconid fauna of the north central parts of Iran.
Materials and Methods
Specimens were collected from different zones of north central of Iran (Alborz, Ghazvin,
Guilan, Mazandaran and Tehran provinces) (Fig. 1). The Alborz Mountains separate the
tropical Caspian Sea area (Alborz, Guilan and Mazandaran provinces) from Tehran and
Qazvin provinces (Fig. 2). Guilan and Mazandaran provinces extend along the Caspian
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Sea in the northern slopes of the Alborz Mountains but other provinces located in
southern slopes of Alborz Mountains. Material for the present study was collected using
Malaise traps. After that they were treated with 100% ethanol for five minutes followed
by hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) for 30 minutes and finally placed on a glass plate to
dry (Heraty and Hawks 1998). The dried specimens were card mounted and labeled.
Relevant literatures (TOBIAS 1986; PAPP 1966, 1968, 1969a, 1969b, 2012) were used for
identification of the specimens. All specimens are deposited in the insect collection of the
Department of Entomology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran (TMUC).
Results
Fifteen species and two subspecies from seven subgenera of Bracon genus
(Hymenopreta: Braconidae) consisting Asiabracon TOBIAS, 1957, Bracon FABRICIUS,
1804, Glabrobracon FAHRINGER, 1927, Lucobracon FAHRINGER, 1927, Pigeria VAN
ACHTERBERG, 1985, Osculobracon PAPP, 2008 and Palpibracon PAPP, 2012 were
collected and identified from the studied areas. Among studied species, Bracon
(Glabrobracon) parvulus (WESMAEL 1838) and Bracon (Palpibracon) delibator
HALIDAY, 1833 and two subspecies, Bracon (Bracon) intercessor laetus
(WESMAEL, 1838), Bracon (Glabrobracon) variator bipartitus (WESMAEL, 1838) and
Bracon (Palpibracon) delibator HALIDAY, 1833 are new records for Iran, which are
marked by an asterisk (*) in the following text.
Bracon (Asiabracon) quadrimaculatus TELENGA, 1936
Material
e x a m i n e d : Iran, Mazandaran province: Joorband (36°26ƍ15.54Ǝ N,
52°07ƍ13.50Ǝ E, 275 m. a. s. l.), 05-10.X.2011, 1乆.
G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Western Palaearctic (Afghanistan, Azerbaijan,
Greece, Iran, Turkey, Turkmenistan) (YU et al. 2012)
Bracon (Bracon) variegator SPINOLA, 1808
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d : Iran, Qazvin province, Loshan (36°40ƍ09.12Ǝ N, 49°25ƍ37.74Ǝ
E, 291 m. a. s. l.), 16-22.IV.2011, 1乆; 25-30.IV.2011, 1乆.
G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Eastern Palaearctic (China, Korea, Mongolia,
Russia), Western Palaearctic (Afghanistan, Albania, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria,
Canary Islands, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, England, France, Georgia, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iran, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia,
Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia,
Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikestan, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan) (YU et al. 2012).
Bracon (Bracon) intercessor NEES, 1834
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d : Iran, Tehran province, Peykanshahr, National Botanical Garden
(35°44ƍ19.91Ǝ N, 51°10ƍ52.49Ǝ E, 1265 m. a. s. l.), 02-08.VI.2010, 1乆.
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G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Eastern Palaearctic (Korea, Mongolia, Russia),
Western Palaearctic (Afghanistan, Albania, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Canary
Islands, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, England, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iran, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova,
Montenegro, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine,
Uzbekistan) (YU et al. 2012).
Bracon (Bracon) intercessor laetus (WESMAEL, 1838)*
Material
e x a m i n e d : Iran, Mazandaran province, Joorband (36°26ƍ15.54Ǝ N,
52°07ƍ13.50Ǝ E, 275 m. a. s. l.), 01-06.IX.2011, 1乆.
G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Eastern Palaearctic (China), Western Palaearctic
(Belgium, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Israel, Italy, Spain, Tajikestan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, United kingdom,
Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia) (YU et al. 2012)
D i a g n o s t i c c h a r a c t e r s : Head in dorsal view transverse, 2 times as broad
as its length; hind femur slightly thick, 3 times as long as its broad medially; body
testaceous, with black pattern on propodeum medially; middle and hind coxae testaceous.
Pterostigma yellow.
This subspecies is taxonomically close to nominate form B. intercessor NEES, 1834 but
can separated from which by the following key:
1
-
Head in dorsal view transverse, 2 times as broad as its length; hind femur slightly
thick, 2.9 times as long as its broad medially; body testaceous, black pattern on
mesosternum and propodeum medially; middle and hind coxae testaceous;
pterostigma yellow............................................... B. intercessor laetus (WESMAEL, 1838)
Head in dorsal view usually slightly less transverse, 1.6–1.7 times as broad as its
length; hind femur less thick, 3.5–3.6 times as long as its broad medially; body
testaceous to reddish yellow with more or less black pattern on head, meso- and
metasoma; middle and hind coxae usually black; pterostigma brown ...............................
....................................................................................nominate form B. intercessor NEES
Bracon (Bracon) pectoralis (WESMAEL, 1838)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d : Iran, Guilan province, Orkom (36°45ƍ44.34Ǝ N, 50°18ƍ11.88Ǝ E,
1201 m. a. s. l.), 08.-14.VI.2010, 1乆; Qazvin province, Zereshk Road (36°25ƍ23.88Ǝ N,
50°06ƍ37.68Ǝ E, 1926 m. a. s. l.), 11.-17.VIII.2011, 1乆.
G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Eastern Palaearctic (Russia), Western Palaearctic
(Afghanistan, Albania, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Canary Islands, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, England, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Israel,
Italy, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikestan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan,
Yugoslavia (YU et al. 2012).
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Bracon (Bracon) fulvipes NEES, 1834
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d : Iran, Mazandaran province, Tangehvaz (36°18ƍ51.42Ǝ N,
52°07ƍ48.00Ǝ E, 202 m. a. s. l.), 02.-07.VI.2011, 1乆.
G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Eastern Palaearctic (Korea, Mongolia, Russia),
Western Palaearctic (Afghanistan, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy,
Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Tajikestan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United kingdom, Uzbekistan,
Yugoslavia) (YU et al. 2012)
Bracon (Pigeria) piger (WESMAEL, 1838)
Material
e x a m i n e d : Iran, Guilan province,
50°19ƍ35.22Ǝ E, 1803 m. a. s. l.), 02.-07.VI.2010, 1乆.
Ghazichak
(36°45ƍ57.54Ǝ
N,
G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Eastern Palaearctic (Japan, Mongolia, Russia),
Nearctic (USA), Western Palaearctic (Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Canary Islands,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran,
Italy, Kazakhstan, Macedonia, Montenegro, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia,
Serbia, Spain, Switzerland, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine (YU et al. 2012).
Bracon (Glabrobracon) variator bipartitus (WESMAEL, 1838)*
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d : Iran, Qazvin province, Zereshk Road (36°25ƍ23.88Ǝ N,
50°06ƍ37.68Ǝ E, 1926 m. a. s. l.), 17.-23.VII.2011, 1乆; Alborz province, Shahriar
(35°40ƍ08.10Ǝ N, 50°56ƍ56.64Ǝ E, 1168 m. a. s. l.), 01.06.VII.2011, 1乆.
G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Eastern Palaearctic (Russia), Western Palaearctic
(Belgium, Cyprus, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Spain, Tajikestan, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, United kingdom, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia) (YU et al. 2012).
D i a g n o s t i c c h a r a c t e r s : Head in dorsal view transverse, 2 times as broad
as its long; first tergite 1.3-1.4 times as long as its broad behind; ovipositor sheath almost
as long as hind tibia + basitarsus combined;; s First tergite of metasoma blackish, other
tergites reddish yellow to rusty; basal half of hind tibia yellow.
Remarks: According to the results of this study, the subspecies of Bracon
(Glabrobracon) variator bipartitus (WESMAEL, 1838) and the nominate species Bracon
(Glabrobracon) variator NEES, 1811 have been collected from the same location.
Considering the fact that the presence of two subspecies or species and its subspecies in
the same region is very unlikely (MAYR & ASHLOCK 1991), we believe that these two
populations may be the same species with some color variation.
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Bracon (Glabrobracon) variator NEES, 1811
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d : Iran, Alborz province, Karaj (35°46ƍ08.88Ǝ N, 50°56ƍ55.20Ǝ E,
1277 m. a. s. l.), 13.19.X.2010, 1乆; Shahriar (35°40ƍ08.10Ǝ N, 50°56ƍ56.64Ǝ E, 1168 m. a.
s. l.), 08.13.X.2010, 1乆; Qazvin province, Zereshk Road (36°25ƍ23.88Ǝ N, 50°06ƍ37.68Ǝ E,
1926 m. a. s. l.), 21.27.IX.2011, 1乆.
G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Eastern Palaearctic (China, Korea, Mongolia,
Russia), Western Palaearctic (Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bosnia
Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canary Islands, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, England,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan,
Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan) (YU et al. 2012).
Bracon (Glabrobracon) parvulus (WESMAEL, 1838)*
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d : Iran, Mazandaran province, Noor, Faculty of Natural Resources
and Marine Sciences (36°34ƍ52.98Ǝ N, 52°02ƍ45.78Ǝ E, -14 m. a. s. l.), 08.-13.VII.2011,
1乆; 02.-07.VI.2011, 1乆.
G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Eastern Palaearctic (China, Russia), Western
Palaearctic (Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, England, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia,
Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan)
(YU et al. 2012).
D i a g n o s t i c c h a r a c t e r s : Mesosoma in lateral view stout as usually, 1.4-1.6
times as long as high; mesoscutum and scutellum not flattened, propodeum declined; first
tergite 1.3-1.5 times as long as broad behind, tergites 2-3 more transverse, nearly three
times as long as broad; head in dorsal view slightly more transverse, 1.8-1.9 times as
broad as long; ovipositor sheath at most twice as long as hind tibia + tarsus combined.
This species is taxonomically close to B. (Gl.) longulus THOMSON, 1894 but can
separated from which by the following key:
1
-
Mesosoma in lateral view stout, 1.3-1.4 times as long as high; head in dorsal view
slightly more transverse, 1.9-2 times as broad as long; ovipositor sheath at most
twice as long as hind tibia + tarsus combined .............. B. (Gl.) parvulus WESMAEL, 1838
Mesosoma in lateral view elongate, 1.8-1.9 times as long as high; head in dorsal
view slightly less transverse, 1.6-1.7 times as broad as long; ovipositor sheath very
long, 2.5-3 times as long as hind tibia + tarsus combined..................................................
...................................................................................... B. (Gl.) longulus THOMSON, 1894
Bracon (Glabrobracon) epitriptus MARSHALL, 1885
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d : Iran, Mazandaran province, Tangehvaz (36°21ƍ55.02Ǝ N,
52°06ƍ10.74Ǝ E, 692 m. a. s. l.), 08.-13.VII.2011, 1乆.
G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Eastern Palaearctic (China, Korea, Mongolia,
Russia), Western Palaearctic (Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bosnia
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Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canary Islands, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, England,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan,
Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Serbia,
Slovenia, Switzerland, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan) (YU et al. 2012).
Bracon (Glabrobracon) picticornis (WESMAEL, 1838)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d : Iran, Mazandaran province, Noor, Chamestan, Joorband
(36°26ƍ17.28Ǝ N, 52°07ƍ16.62Ǝ E, 272 m. a. s. l.), 02.-07.VI.2011, 1乆.
G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Eastern Palaearctic (China, Korea, Mongolia,
Russia), Western Palaearctic (Afghanistan, Albania, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, England, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iran, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova,
Montenegro, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikestan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine,
Uzbekistan) (YU et al. 2012).
Bracon (Lucobracon) femoralis (BRULLÉ, 1832)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d : Iran, Alborz province, Karaj (35°46ƍ08.88Ǝ N, 50°56ƍ55.20Ǝ E,
1277 m. a. s. l.), 26.V-01.IV.2010, 1乆.
G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Western Palaearctic (Algeria, Bulgaria, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Egypt,
England, France, Georgia, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Macedonia,
Spain, Switzerland, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia) (YU
et al. 2012).
Bracon (Lucobracon) fortipes (WESMAEL, 1838)
Material
e x a m i n e d : Iran, Alborz province, Chalous Road, Shahrestanak
(35°57ƍ34.98Ǝ N, 51°22ƍ20.34Ǝ E, 2305 m. a. s. l.), 22.-28.VII.2011; 07.-14.VII.2011, 2乆乆;
Alborz province, Karaj (35°46ƍ08.88Ǝ N, 50°56ƍ55.20Ǝ E, 1277 m. a. s. l.), 18.-22.VI.2010,
1乆; Qazvin province, Zereshk Road (36°21ƍ39.72Ǝ N, 50°03ƍ55.56Ǝ E, 1541 m. a. s. l.), 01.06.VII.2010, 2乆乆.
G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Eastern Palaearctic (Korea, Russia), Western
Palaearctic (Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy,
Kazakhstan, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan) (YU et al. 2012).
Bracon (Lucobracon) erraticus (WESMAEL, 1838)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d : Iran, Alborz province, Karaj (35°46ƍ08.88Ǝ N, 50°56ƍ55.20Ǝ E,
1277 m. a. s. l.), 26.V.-01.VI.2010; 12.-18.V.2010, 4乆乆. Shahrestanak (35°57ƍ34.98Ǝ N,
51°22ƍ20.34Ǝ E, 2305 m. a. s. l.), 01.-06.VII.2010, 4乆乆.
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G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Eastern Palaearctic (Mongolia, Russia), Western
Palaearctic (Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bosnia Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy,
Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Romania,
Serbia, Slovenia, Switzerland, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United kingdom,
Uzbekistan) (YU et al. 2012).
Bracon (Osculobracon) osculator NEES, 1811
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d : Iran, Qazvin province, Zereshk Road (36°25ƍ23.88Ǝ N,
50°06ƍ37.68Ǝ E, 1926 m. a. s. l.), 18.-23.VII.2011, 12乆乆.
G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Eastern Palaearctic (China, Korea, Mongolia,
Russia), Western Palaearctic (Afghanistan, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Ireland,
Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikestan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United kingdom,
Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia) (YU et al. 2012).
Bracon (Palpibracon) delibator HALIDAY, 1833*
Material
e x a m i n e d : Iran, Alborz province, Chalous Road,
(35°57ƍ34.98Ǝ N, 51°22ƍ20.34Ǝ E, 2305 m. a. s. l.), 21.-28.VI.2012, 1乆.
Shahrestanak
G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n : Eastern Palaearctic (China, Korea, Mongolia,
Russia), Western Palaearctic (Afghanistan, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Ireland,
Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikestan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United kingdom,
Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia) (YU et al. 2012).
D i a g n o s t i c c h a r a c t e r s : Maxillary palp long, as long as height of head, its
penultimate segment 1.3 longer than ultimate segment; third tergite 1.3 times longer than
second tergite; vein SR1 in forewing almost reaches the tip of wing; ovipositor is as long
as body.
This species is taxonomically close to B. (P.) atrator NEES, 1834 but can separate from
which by the following key:
1
-
Maxillary palp distinctly longer than height of head, its penultimate segment 1.4-1.5
times longer than ultimate segment.......................................... B. (P.) atrator NEES, 1834
Maxillary palp as long as height of head, its penultimate segment 1.2 times longer
than ultimate segment .....................................................B. (P.) delibator HALIDAY, 1833
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Discussion
Fifteen species and two subspecies of 6 subgenera belonging to Bracon genus were
recognized in this study, of which two species (e. g. Bracon (Glabrobracon) parvulus
and Bracon (Palpibracon) delibator) and subspecies (e. g. Bracon (Glabrobracon)
variator bipartitus and Bracon (Bracon) intercessor laetus) are new for the fauna of Iran.
Iran with 1648198 km2 is located in Northern Hemisphere between altitudes of 25° and
40° and eastern longitudes of 5.63° and 44°. Sampling zones (Alborz, Guilan, Qazvin,
Mazandaran and Tehran provinces) are located in the central north of Iran. Alborze
Mountains and Caspian Sea have created a specific fauna and flora in this area. Alborz,
Qazvin and Tehran provinces are located in southern slope but Guilan and Mazandaran
provinces are located in Northern slope of Alborze Mountains (Caucasia region). Among
all collected samples only Bracon (Bracon) pectoralis was found in both of two slopes of
Alborze Mountains, but all others found either in northern or southern slopes. In addition
in all collected samples Bracon (Osculobracon) osculator was observed more frequently
than others but only found in southern slope of Alborze Mountains in Qazvin province.
Prior to this study 60 species of the genus Bracon was recorded from Iran (AMERI et al.
2013; GHAHARi & FISCHER 2011; GHAHARI et al. 2009a, 2009b, 2009c, 2010, 2011,
2012a, 2012b). The results of this study increased the number of species and subspecies
of the genus Bracon from 60 to 64. Among neighboring countries of Iran, most studies
on Bracon genus have been done in Turkey which resulted in recognizing 107 species
(BEYARSLAN 2002a, 2002b, 2009, 2010, 2011; BEYARSLAN & CETIN ERDOöAN 2010,
2011, 2012; BEYARSLAN & FISCHER 1990; BEYARSLAN & TOBIAS 2008). The reason for
finding more species in Turkey is because of wider sampling area. Finally, due to rich to
biological diversity in Iran, we believe that more species of Bracon occur in Iran.
Therefore, further field work should be carried out.
Acknowledgments
We would like to express our special appreciation to Department of Entomology, Tarbiat
Modares University for their financial support. We also cordially thank to Dr. A. Nadimi
(Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran) and Dr. M.
Khayrandish (Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran) for providing specimens
collected from northern Iran.
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Authors' addresses:
Mohammad ZARGAR1
Ali Asghar TALEBI1*
Hamidreza HAJIQANBAR1
JenĘ PAPP2
1. Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture
Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-336, Tehran, Iran
2. Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest.
* Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]
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Fig. 1: Provinces in north of Iran where the specimens have been collected: (A) Guilan, (B)
Mazandaran, (C) Qazvin, (D) Alborz, (E) Tehran provinces.
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Fig. 2: Northern Provinces of Iran where specimens have been collected during 2010-2011.
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Buchbesprechungen
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