GCSE BITESIZE Examinations
General Certificate of Secondary Education
AQA SCIENCE A
CHY1B
Unit Chemistry C1b (Oils, Earth and Atmosphere)
AQA Chemistry
Unit Chemistry C1b (Oils, Earth and Atmosphere)
FOUNDATION TIER
Specimen Paper
Time allowed: 30 minutes
Maximum marks: 36
Instructions
• Answer all of the questions for the Tier you are attempting.
• Record your answers on a separate answer sheet only.
• Do all rough work in this book - not on your answer sheet.
Advice
• Do not choose more responses than you are asked to. You will lose marks if you do.
1
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FOUNDATION TIER
SECTION ONE
Questions ONE to FIVE
In these questions, match the letters A, B, C and D with the numbers 1- 4.
Use each answer only once.
Mark your choice on the answer sheet.
QUESTION ONE
The diagram below shows the structure of the Earth:
2
3
1
4
Match the descriptions A, B, C and D to the labels 1- 4 in the diagram.
A
Atmosphere
B
Core
C
Crust
D
Mantle
2
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QUESTION TWO
This question is about oils.
Match words A, B, C and D with statements 1- 4 in the table below.
A
Hydrogen
B
Nickel
C
Water
D
Bromine
Statements
1
Used in the test for an unsaturated fat
2
Reacts with unsaturated oils to harden them
3
A catalyst used in the hardening process
4
Forms an emulsion when shaken with oil
Turn over ►
3
QUESTION THREE
This question is about food additives.
Match the additives A, B, C and D to the correct descriptions 1- 4 in the table
A
Preservatives
B
Flavourings
C
Stabilisers
D
Sweeteners
1
Helps food to stay fresh
2
Replaces sugars in some processed foods
3
Stops emulsions such as mayonnaise from separating
4
Makes food taste less bland
Turn over ►
4
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QUESTION FOUR
Over the past 4.5 billion years, the Earth’s atmosphere has changed considerably.
Match the gases A, B, C and D to the correct descriptions from 1- 4 in the table.
A
Helium
B
Carbon dioxide
C
Water vapour
D
Ammonia
1
Condensed from the early atmosphere to form the
oceans
2
An unreactive gas
3
Dissolved in the oceans of the early Earth and used by
plants for photosynthesis
4
Toxic gas present in the early atmosphere
Turn over ►
5
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QUESTION FIVE
Vegetable oils can be extracted from fruits, nuts and seeds. The flow chart below shows
the stages of rapeseed oil extraction.
Match statements A, B, C and D with the numbers 1- 4 in the flow chart.
A
The mixture is separated by heating in a distillation flask.
B
The rapeseed is crushed to break the cells.
C
The mixture is allowed to stand, to allow the oils to dissolve.
D
The rapeseed is pressed.
Rapeseed is harvested from fields.
1
2
A solvent called hexane is added to remove any remaining oil.
3
4
Hexane evaporates, leaving the extracted rapeseed oil behind.
6
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SECTION TWO
Questions SIX to NINE
Each of these questions has four parts.
In each part, choose only one answer.
Mark your choices on the answer sheet.
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QUESTION SIX
Polymers are substances whose molecules are composed of a large number of
repeating units.
6A
6B
Which of the following is not a useful property of the plastics used in carrier bags?
1
Low density
2
Non-biodegradable
3
Stretchable
4
Waterproof
Alkenes can be polymerised to produce polymer chains. An alkene is a…
1
a mixture of hydrogen and carbon.
2
a hydrocarbon containing a carbon-hydrogen double bond.
3
a hydrocarbon containing a carbon-carbon double bond.
4
a hydrocarbon containing hydrogen-hydrogen double bonds
Turn over ►
7
6C
6D
The monomer used to make poly(ethene) is…
1
ethene.
2
ethane.
3
propene.
4
ethanol.
Which of the following options is the monomer of this polymer?
(
H
I
C
I
H
=
CH3
I
C
I
H
1
H
I
C
I
H
=
3
H CH3 H CH3 H H
CH3
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
)
H
I
C
I
H
=
H
I
C
I
H
2
H
I
C
I
Cl
H CH3
I
I
H–C – C–H
I
I
H H
4
Turn over ►
8
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QUESTION SEVEN
A scientist was asked to investigate which E-number colourings were present in different
branded orange drinks.
He did this using the following method:
1. Spots of drinks - 1, 2, 3 and 4 - were placed on a pencil line on chromatography
paper.
2. Spots of three common food colourings, Tartazine (E102), Sunset Yellow (E110)
and Beta-Carotene (E160), were also placed on the pencil line.
3. The paper was then left to stand in water in a beaker until the water had risen to near
the top of the paper.
Diagram 1 shows how the apparatus was arranged. Diagram 2 shows the result after a
short time.
Diagram 1
7A
Diagram 2
Which drinks contained Tartazine (E102) food colouring?
1
Drinks 1 and 2
2
Drinks 1, 2 and 3
3
Drinks 2 and 3
4
Drinks 1, 2, 3 and 4
9
7B
7C
What must all of these colourings have in common to allow them to be separated
by chromatography?
1
They must all be artificial colours.
2
They must all be similar sized molecules.
3
They must all be soluble in water.
4
They must all be different colours.
Drink number 4 had an unidentified colouring in it. What would be the best way to
identify what this colouring was?
1
Ask staff at the shop where the drinks are on sale.
2
Repeat the experiment.
3
Examine the label on the drink bottle.
4
Perform a distillation experiment on the drink.
Turn over ►
10
7D
In chromatography, substances can be identified by their Rf value.
Another scientist suggested that he might be able to identify the colouring by
comparing the Rf value of the spot against published data.
The Rf value can be calculated using the formula:
Rf = distance moved by the substance
distance moved by the solvent
What is the Rf value of the unknown spot of drink number 4?
1
0.4
2
0.6
3
0.7
4
1.6
Turn over ►
11
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QUESTION EIGHT
In 1915, a German scientist named Alfred Wegener proposed a theory that all of the
Earth’s continents were once joined together as a single landmass.
He initially based his theory on the complementary shapes that he observed between
the west coast of Africa and the east coast of South America. He then studied the
distribution of ancient fossil remains across the globe and found the pattern shown
below:
8A
Which of the four species was distributed across most continents?
1
Mesosaurus
2
Lystrosaurus
3
Glossopteris
4
Cynognathus
Turn over ►
12
8B
8C
8D
What name did Wegener give to his theory?
1
Continental expansion theory
2
Continental drift theory
3
Tectonic plate theory
4
Tectonic expansion theory
What other piece of evidence did Wegener use to support his theory?
1
He found matching layers of rock on different continents.
2
He found matching weather patterns on different continents.
3
He found that people had distant relatives on different continents.
4
He found that the ocean bed was the same age as the continents.
Why was Wegener’s theory not accepted by scientists until 50 years after it was
proposed?
1
He could not explain how the continents had moved apart.
2
The initial evidence he used in support of his theory was invalid.
3
His theory contradicted the commonly held religious beliefs of the time.
4
His evidence relating to the distribution of fossils could not be repeated by
other scientists.
Turn over ►
13
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QUESTION NINE
A student investigated how the length of a polymer molecule is related to its viscosity.
She timed how long it took for a drop of the polymer to travel down a 15cm slope. She
repeated the experiment with four other polymers made of different-length molecules.
9A
Which is the independent variable in this investigation?
1
The length of the ramp
2
The polymer sample
3
The angle of the ramp
4
The time taken by the drop to travel 15cm
Turn over ►
14
9B
The student carried out her experiment over several days. Which of the
following variables would she have found the most difficult to control?
9C
9D
1
Temperature of the room
2
Composition of the polymer samples
3
Friction of the ramp
4
Angle of the ramp
Which of these columns is the correct order of these samples?
Shortest carbon
chain
Middle-sized carbon
chain
Longest carbon
chain
1
A
E
C
2
E
C
A
3
C
A
E
4
A
C
E
In evaluating the experiment, the student stated that the pipette produced
different-sized drops. This would have affected the …
1
sensitivity of her results.
2
reliability of her results.
3
accuracy of her results.
4
precision of her results.
END OF QUESTIONS
15