Chapter 1 Populations and Communities
Section 1 Living Things and the Environment pp. 6-10
NOTES
Name________________________________
Class___________________Hour_________
Date_________________________________
I. Habitats
A. _______________________________ are living things.
B. An organism obtains ___________________, ___________________,
___________________, and ___________________, it needs to live, grow, and
reproduce from its environment.
C. The place where an organism lives and that provides the things the organism needs to
live, grow, and reproduce is called its ___________________.
D. Organisms live in different habitats because they have ___________________
requirements for survival.
II. Biotic Factors
A. An organism interacts with both the ___________________ and ___________________
parts of its habitat.
B. The living parts of a habitat are called _______________________________.
III. Abiotic Factors
A. The nonliving parts of an organism’s habitat are called ___________________________.
B. Abiotic factors include ___________________, ___________________,
___________________, ___________________, and ___________________.
Water
C. All living things require ___________________ to carry out their life processes.
D. Plants and algae need ___________________, along with ___________________ and
___________________, to make their own food in a process called
______________________________.
E. Other _______________________________depend on plants and algae for food.
Sunlight
F. Because _________________________ is needed for photosynthesis, it is an important
abiotic factor for most living things.
G. In places that do not receive ___________________, such as dark caves, plants and algae
cannot grow. Because of this, ______________ organisms can live in such places.
Oxygen
H. Most living things require ___________________ to carry out their life processes.
I. Organisms that live on land obtain oxygen from the ___________________, which is
about ___________________ oxygen.
J. Fish and other water organisms obtain oxygen that is dissolved in the
___________________ around them.
Temperature
K. The ___________________ that are typical of an area determine the types of organisms
that can live there.
Example: colorful orchid flowers and tiny lizards living in a warm tropical island
L. Some animals alter their environments so they can survive very hot or very cold
temperatures.
Example: Prairie dogs dig underground
Soil
M. ___________________ is a mixture of rock fragments, nutrients, air, water, and the
decaying remains of living things.
N. The _____________________________________in an area influences the kinds of
plants that can grow there.
O. Many _____________________________ use the soil as a home.
Example: prairie dogs and bacteria
IV. Levels of Organization
A. Organisms live together in _______________________ and _______________________
and with ______________________________________in their ecosystems.
Populations
A. A _______________________ is a group of organisms that are physically similar and
can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce.
B. All the members of one species in a particular area are referred to as a
_______________________.
Examples: prairie dogs living in a Texas town, all the pigeons in NY City, all the bees
that live in a hive
C. Explain why trees in a forest are not an example of a population?
Communities
A. All the different populations that live together in an area make up a
_______________________.
B. To be considered a community, the different populations must live _________________
enough together to _______________________.
Ecosystems
A. The community of organisms that live in a particular area, along with their nonliving
surroundings (abiotic factors), make up an _____________________________.
Examples: prairies, mountain streams, deep oceans, evergreen forests
B. The smallest level of organization is a single _______________________, which
belongs to a _______________________ that includes other members of its species.
The population belongs to a _______________________ of different species. The
community and abiotic factors together form an ____________________________.
C. The study of how living things interact with each other and with their environment is
called __________________________.