Name: ________________________
Section: ________
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Vocabulary
Word
Definition
relative
motion
frame of
reference
speed
velocity
force
friction
gravity
work
kinetic energy
potential
energy
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Lesson 1 – What is motion? Page 438-441
1. How would you describe Earth’s motion around the Sun?
2. What kind of motion does the top of a drum have when it’s struck?
3. What is the relative motion of a person who is running past you?
4. What are three different types of motion?
5. You use ______________________________________ of the objects around you to
decide what is moving and what is not moving.
6. A teacher walks by a student’s desk. The student’s desk was in front of the
teacher and is now behind the teacher. What term describes the change in the
teacher’s position compared to the desk?
7. Your frame of reference is like ________________________________.
8. Look at the illustrations on page 440. Describe how the frame of reference is
different for the people on the bus compared to the people standing on the
sidewalk.
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9. What is speed?
10. What unit is used to describe speed?
11. A car moving at a high speed changes position (faster
than a car moving at a slow speed.
OR slower)
12. What mathematical equation would be used to find an object’s average
speed?
13. What two things must be measured in order to describe an object’s velocity?
14. How will the speed, velocity, and acceleration change in a roller coaster as
it descends a straight, steep hill?
15. A train goes around a corner at the same speed it was traveling on a straight
track. What is this an example of?
16. List two ways that a roller coaster can accelerate.
17. Describe the difference between speed and acceleration.
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Lesson 2 – How does force affect moving objects? Page 442-445
1. What is a force?
2. In what ways can a force make an object move?
3. What will happen when a magnet is moved closer and closer to a pile of iron
fillings?
4. All forces have both _________________ and ____________________.
5. Circle the object that would require the lease amount of force to move.
golf ball
soccer ball
bowling ball
table tennis ball
6. Two students push boxes with the same mass for 10 seconds. Which student
moved her box a greater distance?
7. Two train engines pull together in the same
direction. They are _________________________
forces and working together.
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8. How can the forces used by Rover and Buster be
described?
9. What happens if balanced forces are applied to a moving object?
10. What is friction?
11. How does friction affect motion?
12. Which would be easier to slide across a table, an empty bowl or a bowl full
of fruit? Why?
13. Would you construct a slide for a plastic toy out of sandpaper of plastic?
Why?
14. If you can’t change the objects’ surfaces or how hard they press together,
how else can you reduce friction?
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Lesson 3 – How are force, mass, and energy related? Page 446-449
1. What is gravity?
2. The force of gravity between two objects depends on what two things?
3. When would the force of gravity be strongest?
4. How do distance and mass affect the force of gravity between objects?
5. Suppose Earth were exactly the same size as it is now but had twice the mass.
How would this affect the mass and the weight of objects on its surface?
6. The heavier an object is, the (stronger
OR weaker) the force will be.
7. Force is measured in what unit?
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8. Energy is the ability to do ___________________. Work is the ability to
______________________.
9. The energy of motion is called _______________________
10.The amount of kinetic energy depends on what two things?
11. Stored energy is called _________________________
12. Name examples of things that have potential energy
13. When would a ball have only potential energy?
14. A person is holding a yo-yo, ready to release it. What kind of energy does it
have at this point?
15. Describe how energy in the toy bird is changed,
16. How is the potential energy from the Sun that plants store used?
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1.Achildatthetopofaslidehas_____________________
2.Whenyoupushorpullonawagon,youmakea
_______________________________actonthewagon.
3._______________________tellsboththespeedanddirection
thatsomethingismoving.
4.______________________isdonewhenyoumoveanobject.
5.Achangeinthepositionofoneobjectcomparedwiththe
positionofanotherobjectiscalled_______________________.
6.Theforcethatmakesaballfalltowardthegroundis_______________________________.
7.Objectsthatdon’tseemtomovedefineyour_____________________________________.
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Fillintheblank
Atraingoesaroundacorneratthesamespeeditwastravelingonastraighttrack.Thisisan
exampleof______________________________________.
Todeterminevelocity,youneedtoknow____________________and___________________.
When_________________________areappliedtoamovingobject,theobjectkeepsmoving
atthesamespeedanddirection.
Forceismeasuredin________________________.
Themotionthatdescribesguitarstringsastheyarepluckedwouldbestbedescribedasmoving
___________________and__________________.
Classifyeachmotionasastraightline,curved,orvibrationinthechart:
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ConstructedResponse
Whydoyouneedtouseforcetomoveaballuparampwhenitmovesdownwardbyitself?
Explainwhyasoccerballthatisquicklyrollingacrossagrassfieldslowsandfinallystopsrolling.
Howdodistanceandmassaffecttheforceofgravitybetweenobjects?
Describeacontactforceandanoncontactforcethatwouldaffectthemotionofabaseballafter
apitcherhasthrowntheball.
TheballispulledtowardEarthby______________whichisa
(contactORnoncontactforce).Whenthebatstrikestheball,
______________________________________whichisa(contactOR
noncontactforce).
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