Chapter 11 Science Study Guide 1) A stream is most likely to deposit the rock and soil that it is carrying when IT’S CURRENT SLOWS. 2) Old rivers are characterized by SEDIMENT DEPOSITION 3) If a stream has a high discharge rate, it CAN CARRY LARGER PARTICLES. 4) An aquifer allows THE FLOW AND STORAGE OF GROUND WATER 5) The area of land drained by a river system is the WATERSHED 6) A layer of _SEDIMENT_________________ is deposited on the land that is flooded. 7) An increased amount of water in a given time increases a streams DISCHARGE. 8) Materials that a stream carries in its water are called its LOAD 9) The action of a streams load that cuts through rock and soil is called EROSION 10) The natural barrier that helps keep a river inside its banks is called LEVEE 11) Runoff that contains fertilizer and pesticides and flows from neighborhood yards into street gutters is WATER POLLUTION 12) The boundary between the aquifer and surface soil is called the WATER TABLE 13) Where the Nile River flows into the Mediterranean, a fertile _DELTA_______________ has fomed. 14) Energy from the sun drives the continuous movement of water in the WATER CYCLE 15) Flooding causes destruction, but it can also create rich soil in an area called FLOOD PLAIN 16) A fast-flowing mountain stream is likely to have a high GRADIENT 17) The rock layer that stores groundwater and allows the water to flow is AQUIFER 18) When more water is pumped out of an aquifer than is replaced by rain is OVERDRAFT 19) The upper surface of underground water is WATER TABLE 20) Water found in rocks below Earth’s surface is GROUNDWATER 21) Besides gradient and load, what else affects stream erosion? DISCHARGE 22) What are the deposits of rock and soil by streams? SEDIMENT 23) Besides deltas and floodplains, what is another type of stream deposit? ALLUVIAL FAN 24) What barrier is built to hold a portion of floodwater in a reservoir and help control flooding? DAM 25) What is one way farmers conserve water used on crops? DRIP IRRIGATION 26) Wastewater discharged from a factory, which kills fish in a nearby river, is an example of? WATER POLLUTION 27) What is an example of a system that moves water between places in California? AQUEDUCT 28) What is one goal of water-quality legislation? CLEAN SWIMMING WATER 29) Restoring the ability of people to fish and swim safely was a goal of the what? CLEAN WATER ACT OF 1972 30) Waste material introduced into a river by runoff from land is called? WATER POLLUTION 31) One way for industries to conserve water is to RECYCLE WATER 32) If a stream has a bed load, it is more likely to cause what? EROSION
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