Dam-break Emergency Planning
in Portugal.
The role of the National Service for
Civil Protection
Seinäjoki, 1-5 October 2000
Fernanda Rocha
Serviço Nacional de Protecção Civil
Av. do Forte em Carnaxide
2799-512 Carnaxide Portugal
Email: [email protected]
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
1
Portuguese background
More than 1000 dams in Portugal
» 140 large dams, and
» > 800 medium size
Large dams owners
» Electricity of Portugal
» Water Authority
No legislation on dam safety until 1990
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
2
Portuguese background
RSB, 90 - Regulation on dam safety
» dam-break flood analysis, and
» emergency planning
NPB, 93 - Guidelines for dam design
» evaluation of inundation areas
NOIB,93 - Guidelines for dam observation and
inspection
» warning in case of earthquakes, floods, and dam
abnormal behaviour
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
3
Criteria for dam safety application
RSB, 1990
> 100 000 m3
H > 15 m, or
> 15 m
V > 100 000 m3
Special other cases may be considered, if potential
risk exist.
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
4
Role of SNPC
To assure the Emergency Planning
Rescue and relief actions coordination
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
5
Internal and
Planning
Dam’ owner
External
Emergency
Civil Protection
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
6
Internal and External
Planning INTERACTION
Emergency
Definition of alert levels
Alert and warning systems
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
7
Alert levels
ALERT
LEVEL
SITUATION
Dam
Owner
Civil
Protection
Others
…
Normal
Dam break
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
8
Alert levels
ALERT
LEVEL
Situation
Normal or routine situation, or
DAM Manager Entity
ACTIONS
MEASURES to solve
problem.
Blue
Detection of anomalies in the dam, or other events:
that do not compromise the structural dam
safety,
nor its operational elements, and
do not make unviable the dam observation
system.
ALERT:
- Authority (INAG)
- Dam owner
The gravity of existing problems must let belief that
no consequences are expected in the valley
downstream the dam.
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
9
Alert levels
YELLOW
ALERT
LEVEL
Situation
Existence of anomalies or events that
might compromise up to some degree
the structural and/or operational dam safety
or the dam observation system, assuming that
eventual small consequences downstream the
dam can happen:
DAM Manager Entity
ACTIONS
MEASURES to solve
problem.
ALERT:
- Authority (INAG)
- Dam owner
1. Existence of meteorological adverse conditions; - Civil Protection
2. Detection of anomalies in:
- dam structural elements, or;
- dam operational elements, or;
- dam observation system;
3. Existence of foundations problems.
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
10
Alert levels
ORANGE
ALERT
LEVEL
Situation
Situation with high probability of dam failure,
letting belief it might not be possible to control
the situation, what might cause
serious consequences downstream the dam:
1. Detection of severe anomalies in:
- dam structural elements, or;
- dam operational elements;
2. Existence of severe foundations problems;
3. Occurrence of floods with high recurrence
interval.
DAM Manager Entity
ACTIONS
MEASURES to solve
problem.
ALERT:
- Authority (INAG)
- Dam owner
- Civil Protection
WARNING:
Population downstream
the dam
to be ready for evacuation
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
11
Alert levels
ALERT
LEVEL
Situation
RED
Situation of inevitable catastrophe:
DAM Manager Entity
ACTIONS
ALERT:
1. Imminence of dam failure;
- Authority (INAG)
- Dam owner
- Civil Protection
2. Dam failure.
WARNING:
Population downstream
the dam
to evacuate quickly
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
12
Internal and
Planning
External
Emergency
Rapid warning
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
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Warning system
99% of the casualties usually occur in the first 15 km
Guilhofrei
Travel time to villages downstream the dam
Andorinhas
Varosa
Crestuma-Lever
150
Freigil
Torrão-Crestuma
135
Torrão-Carrapatelo
Time (minutes)
120
Ranhados
Azibo
105
Alijó
Alto Ceira
90
Apartadura
75
Marateca
60
Meimoa
Maranhão
45
Alvito
30
Odivelas
Fonte Cerne
15
Campilhas
Vale do Gaio
0
Pego do Altar
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Distance to the dam (km)
Monte da Rocha
Roxo
Santa Clara
Dmin = min {D (T = 90 min); D = 30 km}}
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
14
Emergency planning main actions
Detection
Decision making
Internal Emergency Plan (PEI)
Alert
Warning
External Emergency Plan (PEE)
Evacuation
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
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Emergency Planning
PROJECT: Dam brake flood risk management
(NATO PO-FLOOD risk management)
Portugal, Algarve
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
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Key points for emergency planning
Inundation maps – Dam’ owners - PEI
» dam-break flood simulations;
» flash floods, abrupt waves and numerical models
Risk zoning criteria
» water levels
» velocities
» times of flood arrival
Valley vulnerability criteria
» land use
» social and
» economical characterizations
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
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EEP - Downstream zoning criteria
Valley vulnerability indicators
Physical vulnerability of the buildings
» number of stages, construction materials, age
Social vulnerability of the population
» age, % of elderly people and children
» existence of support infra-structures like hospitals and
health centres
Economical vulnerability of the valley
» land use
» Activities
» % of illiteracy and of unemployment
Vulnerability of preparation of population & agencies
» existence of an revised emergency plan and training
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
18
External Emergency Planning
ACTING PRINCIPLES
Permanent situations surveillance
Lisbon
Articulation with:
Special National and District Plans for Flood management
Meteorological Institute
Water Institute
Dam’s Manager Institutions
Civil Protection Agents
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
19
External Emergency Planning
Means and resources allocation
» for each vulnerable zone
Actions of entities involved in crises management
»
»
»
»
»
Water Authority (Water Institute – Ministry of Environment)
Meteorological Institute
National Service for Civil Protection
Dam Safety Commission
Dam-owner
Actions of entities involved in emergency
» National Service for Civil Protection
» All Civil Protection Agents
» Municipalities
Type of evacuation
» by own people means
» help of civil protection agents
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
20
Information System
DamInfo
PLANO DE EMERGÊNCIA
NIVEL 3
BARRAGEM DO ARADE
Lista de procedimentos
SIPROC
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
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External Emergency Planning
Barragem do Funcho
Barragem do Arade
Funcho and Arade EEP
ZONA 1
área rural
ÁREA DE SEGURANÇA IMEDIATA
ZONA 2
área urbana da cidade
de SILVES
Model, or example
for all other dam’ emergency plans
ZONA 3
área rural
ZONA 4
área urbana da cidade
de PORTIMÃO
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
22
Conclusions
Legislation requirements have not been achieved yet
(5 years)
Believe that in the next two or three years,
years
all dams covered by the legislation
will dispose of internal and external emergency plans,
with proper alert and warning systems,
in compliance with the legislation.
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
23
END
www.snpc.pt
International Seminar/Workshop on the RESCDAM Project
Risk assessment - dam break flood analysis – emergency action planning
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