INDIA
Nadya Sabuwala
India
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Seventh largest country by geographical
area
Second most populous country
Twelfth largest economy at market
exchange rates
One of the fastest growing economies
since 1991
Etymology
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India
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Indus valley civilization
Hindu: old Persian word
Sindhu: Sanskrit
Indoi: Greek
Bharat in Indian languages
Flag
National Emblem
Borders
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South: Indian Ocean, Sri Lanka,
Maldives, Indonesia
West: Arabian Sea, Pakistan
East: Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh,
Myanmar
North: China, Nepal, Bhutan
States
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28 states
7 union territories
Capital: New Delhi
Largest city: Mumbai (Bombay)
Official Languages: Hindi, English
22 constitutionally recognized
languages
Physical Map
Race
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Indo-Aryan: 72%
Dravidian: 25%
Mongoloid: 3%
History
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Earliest know traces: Stone age caves
and paintings
First known permanent settlements
from 9000 years ago (3300 BC) and
developed into the Indus valley
civilization
India’s Golden Age: 3 BC
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Central India: Mauryan Empire, Ashoka
the Great
Southern Asia: Chalukyas, Cholas,
Vijayanagara
Science, technology, engineering, art,
logic, language, literature, mathematics,
astronomy, religion, and philosophy
flourished
10 -11 AD
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North India: Mughal Empire
Akbar the great
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India enjoyed much cultural and economic
progress
Religious harmony
16th Century
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European Trading posts: Portugal,
Netherlands, France and the United
Kingdom
By 1856 most of India was under the
rule of the British East India Company
1857: First mutiny
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First War of Independence
Failed: Direct rule of the British Crown
Independence
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Nationwide struggle 20th century
Indian National Congress: Jawaharlal
Nehru
Mahatma Gandhi
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non-violet civil disobedience campaigns
15th August 1957
Since Independence
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New challenges
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Religious violence
Terrorism
Unresolved territorial disputes
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China (1962)
Pakistan (1947, 1965, 1971, 1999)
Government
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Parliamentary
President: Head of State, Executive
Powers, indirectly elected by the
electoral college
Prime Minister: Head of Government
Executive branch: PM, VicePM, Cabinet
ministers
Government: Legislative
Branch
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Upper House: Rajya Sabha (Council of
States), 245 members, staggered 6 year
term, elected indirectly by the state
legislators in proportion to state population
Lower House: Lok Sabha (Council of People),
545 members, directly elected by popular
vote, 5 year term
Lok Sabha Election in 5
phases: Why?
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714 million voters
828,804 polling centers
Many new centers set up to reduce travel
time often across hills and rivers
For logistical reasons
School exams, holidays, festivals, harvest,
monsoon
Religions
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Hinduism: 80.5%
Islam: 13.4%
Christianity: 2.3%
Sikhism: 1.9%
Buddhism: 0.8%
Jainism: 0.4%
Others: 0.7%
Caste System
Pattern of social class in Hinduism
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Brahmin
Kshatriysa
Vaishya
Shudra
Pariah/ Dalits
Hinduism
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Supreme Being: Brahma
Creators, sustainers, destroyers: Many gods
and goddesses
Karma: you reap what you sow
Birth by Karma: Rebirth
Puja: Deity in the home
Marriage: 7 lifetimes
Vegetarian: ( Cow meat??)
Medicine
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Alopathy: Western Medicine
Ayurvedic
Homeopathic
Unani
Home remedies
All persons have access to the public health
system >>>>>>> low resources
70% use fee for service
Infectious Diseases
Food or waterborne : bacterial diarrhea,
hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
 Vector-borne: chikungunya, dengue fever,
Japanese encephalitis, and malaria
 Animal contact: rabies
 Water contact: leptospirosis
 Others: HIV AIDS, Tuberculosis,
38% of the disease burden with large variations
across states
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Chronic Diseases
Chronic diseases have evolved as a
major public health problem accounting
for 53% of all deaths in the 30-59 year
(2005 census)
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Health Beliefs
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Fate
Prayers
Alternative medicine
Home remedies
Doctors are last on the list