e
d
u
t
i
n
g
a
M
y
t
i
l
i
b
o
M
f
o
travelled km's in billions
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
1985
1990
car
People
bycicle
1995
train
mobility on main road network
travelled km’s in billions
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
1985
1990
commute
business
NL is the only country with more bikes than people.
•
78% of Dutch households have 1 or more cars.
Travelled km’s by motivation
•
Commuting distance has increased by 50% to 22 km.
Source: MON/OVG
•
43% of people movements are for work.
•
2010
year
Source: OVG/MON, NS, WROOV 2009: estimated by KiM
•
•
BTM
2005
Development of travelled kilometers per means of transportation,
1985-2009 in billion km’s
Over the last 25 years:
- train use has doubled
- air transport has increased by 500%
- road transport has increased by more than 50%
- the car fleet has doubled to nearly 8 mln vehicles
- the commercial fleet has doubled to 1 mln vehicles
•
2000
1995
2000
shopping
education
2005
year
leisure and other
1%
car
18%
50% of people movements are by car.
bus, tramway, subway
bicycle
Train is the second largest group with 26%.
train
moped
49%
Only 2% take bus, tram or metro.
on foot
other
26%
1% 3%
2%
Movement by means of transportation
Source: MON/OVG, NS, WROOV, KIM
2000: 1.468 mln ton
2009: 1.567 mln ton
+5% / +0,6% per year
Cargo
The total Dutch cargo transport is 16 billion tonnes/year.
2/3 of cargo transport goes over land, 1/3 via sea and air.
Cargo transport is growing modestly by <1% tonnes/year.
•
arriving by air & sea
326
361
+11%
leaving by land
305
291
-4%
leaving by air & sea
100
152
+52%
arriving by land
142
171
+20%
domestic
547
517
-5%
Almost half of cargo transport goes over roads.
transit
67
74
-11%
•
More than 1/3 of cargo uses water transport.
•
Pipes transport 2,5 times as much weight as rail.
•
Sea and air transport increased over the period 2000-2009.
Cargo flow in the Netherlands in 2000 and 2009 (in million tonnes)
•
Land transport declined by 12% (2008-2010) due to the economic crisis.
Source: CBS/NEA, edited by KiM
•
Land transport will grow (2.3%/year) towards 2015 to equal the level
of 2008.
tonnes x kilometers
60
50
40
road
30
water
20
rail
10
pipe
0
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
2015
year
Cargo volume over infrastructure
Source: KIM, on the basis of NEA
billion €
60
50
40
30
20
10
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s
cs
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Cost of mobility
Source: CBS 2008 and KIM
Transport is an important share of the Dutch economy.
The total cost of transport amounts to over 17% of GDP.
billion €
12
10
6
4
2
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he
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Figures in perspective:
•
Government invests 1.9% of GDP in infrastructure.
That is double the level of company investments in
innovation (CBS).
•The costs of accidents equal the investments in
infrastructure.
•
People spend as much on private transport as on
food (KIM 2010).
•
The costs of congestion is equal to the environmental
cost of traffic.
8
Private cost of transport
Source: CBS 2008, consumptive spending transport
30,000
Economic value
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
The total economy depends on transport.
The transport sector itself has a turnover of more
than 55 billion€ and employs over 300,000 people.
5,000
0
by road
by rail
2006
2007
by water
by air
water sector
air sector
2008
Transport sector turn over x € 1000,-
Road transport is by far the largest sector in transport.
Source: Mobiliteitsbalans 2010
In the Netherlands it’s about 1.5 time larger than the automotive
industry and employs 5 times as many people.
200,000
180,000
160,000
140,000
The growth rate of the sector was 6%/year (2006-2008).
Employment has been relatively stable.
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
road sector
rail sector
2006
2007
2008
Employees per transport sector
Source: Mobiliteitsbalans 2010
f
o
e
c
i
r
o
e
v
m
o
t
s
u
c
e
h
t
car is practical
17%
the car makes me independent
13%
85%
car provides a sense of freedom
14%
84%
the car offers flexibility
16%
82%
possibility to take much luggage
16%
81%
car is comfortable
20%
77%
car provides privacy
19%
car is fast
8%
car provides time advantage
driving is fun
Rational advantages:
Comfort:A car is more comfortable than the sitting room at home.
A car is practical and private.
Time:
Travel by car saves time; travel time is still largely time lost.
Emotional advantages:
Freedom: Go anywhere at any time.
Status:
A car is an expression of individuality and social status.
3%
62%
30%
59%
23%
3% 7%
62%
31%
58%
16%
car is cheap
43%
36%
33%
not true
32%
partly not true
22%
partly true
11%
true
do not know
Advantages of car use
Source: Motivaction International B.V.
aggresive drivers
6%
25%
69%
unsafe driving of other drivers
4%
26%
70%
traffic jams
8%
car use is expensive
29%
3% 12%
3% 13%
traffic jams cause impredictable travel times
4% 12%
not enough parking places
6%
cars are subject to traffic measures
7%
traffic jams reduce accessibility
5%
driving is unsafe
6%
dangerous roads
7%
53%
37%
46%
36%
47%
19%
33%
20%
40%
24%
car use causes noise
12%
40%
37%
20%
11%
41%
33%
17%
car use takes up much space
not true
62%
32%
car use causes air pollution
Fun:Driving is fun (85% of drivers) and a reason to choose the car (60%).
Main disadvantage: agressive and unsafe driving behavior
31%
5% 10%
car is safe
Nothing beats the car on comfort and practicality.
78%
2% 8%
by car I can get everywhere
The customer on car use
80%
43%
31%
39%
30%
25%
37%
33%
26%
34%
partly not true
partly true
19%
true
do not know
Disadvantages of car use
Source: Motivaction International B.V.
Congestion follows directly after.
Cost is the no.1 customer complaint on car use: 47% (Motivaction).
Fuel consumption and Environment are becoming a more important
drawback (IBM automotive global study).
The bottom section of today, ‘space and noise’, are the runners-up for tomorrow.
with public transport I don’t need to search for a parking place
The customer
on public transport
with public transport I can use my time tot do other things
4% 5%
31%
58%
8% 13%
I am not hindered by traffic jams when using public transport
14%
public transport is safe
15%
public transport is environmentally friendly
38%
18%
27%
51%
•
•
•
•
•
12%
14%
15% 5%
33%
65%
partly not true
13%
14% 3%
22%
partly true
true
7% 2%
do not know
No parking problems.
Better use of time.
No traffic jams.
Disadvantages:
•
not true
26%
36%
46%
public transport is cheap
16%
19%
41%
public transport is fast
13%
36%
30%
in public transport I meet other people
30%
41%
25%
public transport provides a good excuse for being late
Advantages:
35%
26%
18%
public transport is relaxed
39%
It is hard to get to the final destination.
Public transport is crowded.
Lack of privacy and safety are important.
Advantages of public transportation
Source: Motivaction International B.V.
not all locations are accesible by public transport
3% 17%
public transport is expensive
6%
it’s always busy in public transport, a seat is not always available
8%
public transport is not flexible
2% 7%
I have no privacy when travelling by public transport
3%10%
25%
29%
31%
3% 13%
public transport has many delays
2% 14%
public transport is not safe
not true
Disadvantages of public transportation
Source: Motivaction International B.V.
6%
partly not true
3%
57%
4%
60%
2%
54%
2%
51%
2%
31%
34%
46%
24%
15%
1%
64%
30%
by public transport I have no control over my trip
in public transport other travelers can create problems
77%
35%
39%
partly true
4%
33%
26%
true
15%
3%
5%
do not know
Positive assessment, high-impact
Positive assessment, little impact
blue traffic signs
electronic information panels
info D.R.I.P.s
information matrix panels
road surface quality
assessment
f
o
e
c
i
r
o
e
v
m
o
t
s
u
c
e
h
t
reliability travel time estimation
info rerouting / road works
traffic info at events
traffic information while driving
flow increasing measures
traffic information before driving
traffic flow
The customer on infrastructure
delay info
reason of traffic jam
info rerouting
Negative assessment, high-impact
Negative assessment, little impact
impact
Satisfaction with infrastructure is declining.
satisfiedtrend
Safety of infrastructure
71%
Road markings
73%
Road Illumination
62%
Reliability of travel time
60%
Traffic flow
30%
Measures taken to improve traffic flow are well appreciated.
satisfied
Measures against congestion (overall) 46%
No overtaking for trucks
86%
Peak hour lane (spitsstrook)
84%
Dedicated lane for trucks
82%
Dosed highway entry
61%
Priority matrix, the impact of various aspects vs. average satisfaction scores
Source: Rijkswaterstaat - Service Traffic and Shipping
better road surface
satisfied, no comments
more lanes
improved traffic flow
less traffic jams
better lighting
more motorways
better road signs
faster repair
wider roads
higher maximum speed
more police surveillance
less roadworks and faster completion
overtaking ban trucks
more parking spaces
peak lanes should open more often
do not know / no opinion
13
10
Traffic information is a priority and scores low
satisfaction. New information tools are appreciated,
but there is a lot of room for improvement.
- speed
81%
75%
Information on roadworks
71%
Information on rerouting
55%
Information on traffic jams
22%
5
4
5
4
5
4
6
3
3
4
3
2
3
2
1
4
2
1
0
8
4
1
19
10
•
10% are more frequently or daily stopped by a traffic jam.
•
44% of car users always count on delays and 50% sometimes.
•
That means only 6% of car users do not count on delays,
27
20
answers march 2010
answers september 2009
Highway network improvements
Source: Rijkswaterstaat - Service Traffic and Shipping
10
20
30
20
more information
better (traffic) information
more real time info on the current situation
improved traffic flow
better planning of road works
more motorways
better highways and better maintenance
wider roads
improved signs and signage
27
13
6
9
6
12
5
4
10
6
4
2
3
4
6
0
10
20
answers march 2010
30
answers september 2009
Rating of measures for a more reliable travel time
Source: Rijkswaterstaat - Service Traffic and Shipping
0
yes, more than 15 times
yes, 10 to 15 times
Yes, 5 to 10 times
yes, less than 5 times
no
10
20
30
7
7
13
15
41
41
27
10
20
29
30
answers march 2010
Did you get stuck in a traffic jam the last 3 months?
but almost 80% of car users can well estimate their travel time to frequent destinations.
40
10
10
0
Traffic jams are a fact of life and people adapt.
17% of car users are in traffic jams once a week.
12
6
Source: Rijkswaterstaat - Service Traffic and Shipping
•
11
11
16
0
satisfiedtrend
Matrix panels - traffic jams
16
7
0
The customer on traffic
information
20
10
0
40
answers september 2009
ms
e
l
b
o
20,000,000
r
P
16,000,000
12,000,000
8,000,000
4,000,000
20
09
20
08
20
07
20
06
20
03
20
04
20
05
0
Traffic intensity changes over time in kilometerminutes
Congestion
TREND
Source: Road traffic infomation service
population +10%
jobs +31%
car ownership +21%
In the period 2000-2008 time lost by traffic jams
increased by 58%.
weather/
accidents/
road works
+3%
tax plan
2004
+4%
reduction
in speed/
speed
checks
+3%
other
factors
+6%
158
new roads
-2%
fuel price
-9%
additional
traffic
lanes
management
-5%
-4%
100
Train use increased by 75%.
Bicycle use increased by 18%.
In the Randstad time lost in traffic jams accounts for 18% of transport time.
20
20
00
08
Since 2008 the economic crisis has reversed the trend.
Reasons for increased use of the car:
Analysis of increased time lost on motorways
Growth of the population by 13%.
Source: KIM
Growth of labor participation of women.
Higher income and more car ownership.
Commuting distance has doubled (+100%) in the last 20 years.
CO2 (carbon dioxide)
150
TREND
This trend is continuing.
Other mobile sources**
100
Sea shipping
Trucks
50
Pollution by road vehicles has gone down over the
last 30 years. Environmental focus shifts to CO2 and
particulates emission.
Hazardous emissions of road vehicles have been reduced by >80%.
Stationary sources***
Passenger cars
Other road transport*
08
20
20
05
95
00
20
19
90
0
19
Emission
200
*
Buses, delivery vans, motorcycles and mopeds
** Train, aircraft and inland shipping
*** Households and industry
CO2 (carbon dioxide)
Source: Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
The worldwide CO2 production causes climate change.
PM10 (small particles)
80
Transport contributes to 21% of the national CO2 production. Energy
60
Stationary sources***
plants and industry produce roughly 3x as much CO2 as road transport.
40
Other mobile sources**
Combustion engines can still improve efficiency by >30%. The ultimate
20
Trucks
solution is the electric vehicle on energy from renewable sources.
Sea shipping
Passenger cars
Other road transport*
Particulates emission of cars and trucks have halved over the last 20 years.
New legislation for diesel engines strongly drives PM emission further down.
08
*
Buses, delivery vans, motorcycles and mopeds
** Train, aircraft and inland shipping
*** Households and industry
Particulate Matter (PM) can cause respirational problems.
Particulates are very small (<=10 μm) airborne particles.
20
20
05
00
20
95
19
19
9
0
0
PM10 (small particles)
Source: Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
Sea shipping produces as much particulates as all road transport modes together.
62%
Dutch roads are among the safest in the world and
steadily improving.
Traffic casualties decreased in spite of a sharp rise in vehicle kilometers.
goal:
625
goal:
500
20
20
650
20
00
20
Safety
TREND
720
15
not explained
and external
influences
-3%
09
1166
infrastructure enforcement,
vehicle
-11% communication,
-6%
behavior
-7%
20
autonomous
development
-16%
10
r
P
100%
20
ms
e
l
b
o
mobility
effect
+7%
Traffic fatalities development 2000-2010
Source: KIM 2009
200
180
160
140
120
100
However 650 casualties per year (NL) is almost 2 every day.
Improvements come from active safety systems in cars, roundabouts,
low speed zones and better traffic behavior.
80
60
40
20
0
Mechatronic surround sensing systems and ICT will lead to
’the car that cannot crash’.
1950
1960
1970
1990
1980
2000
2010
year
fatalities (increased) per billion vehicle kilometers
billion vehicle kilometers
Heavy traffic injuries increased by 15% over the last
decade.
Traffic fatalities vs travelled kilometers
Source: Nota Mobiliteit, Ministry of E.L. & I.
Injuries in car accidents decrease by 2% per year.
Injuries in accidents with mopeds and bikes increase by 3% per year.
(KIM, October 2010)
In future focus will shift from casualties to injuries
of especially vulnarable road users like 2-wheelers and pedestrians.
Behavior
72%
unsafe driving of other drivers
65%
car use is expensive
TREND
Road users perceive annoying behavior of fellow road
users as the biggest problem in traffic.
They rate unsafe and aggressive behavior as a twice as high
complaint as traffic jams.
Cost is the second biggest complaint.
Parking problems score slightly worse than traffic jams.
Safety is not percieved as a big problem anymore.
aggresive drivers
25%
30%
47%
there are no real alternatives for travelling by car
45%
car use causes air pollution
43%
2%
33%
63%
not enough parking places
2%
5%
47%
34%
46%
4%
13%
8%
8% 4%
traffic jams cause impredictable travel times
37%
59%
3%
car user get stuck in traffic jams
35%
61%
3%
traffic jams cause poor accesibility
34%
60%
dangerous roads
33%
driving is unsafe
33%
car use takes up much space
car use causes noise
26%
15%
52%
54%
55%
67%
4%
12% 4%
8% 4%
16%
15%
I experience this as a problem
I've got no problems with this, others do
this is not a problem (for anyone)
no opinion
The public on the disadvantages of car use
Source: Motivaction International B.V.
ms
e
l
b
o
r
P
w
e
n
Space
TREND
There is no space in the Netherlands to build more roads.
Still only 2.3% of the land surface is actually used for roads.
Road capacity can be increased by (semi) automated systems for
cooperative driving.
Efficient use of (urban) space is a future traffic criterion.
An important cost driver for urban transport in the future will be
m2/person/hour: the occupied space (m2) per person per hour
Dutch highway network
including parking.
Source: Kaaiman / Combikaart.autosnelwegen.net
Public transport scores best on this criterion because it requires no parking.
m2/person/hour
In future this may be a decisive advantage for urban public transport.
18,00
16,00
14,00
12,00
10,00
8,00
6,00
4,00
2,00
0,00
bike
car
bus
m2/person/hour
Urban space used per mode of transport
Source: ATC
Noise
60
50
TREND
40
30
More than 30% of the Dutch population are hindered
by road traffic noise.
20
10
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
year
That is more than neighbor noise and double the figure for
aircraft noise.
Most problems are caused by mopeds, motorbikes and trucks.
The number is constant in spite of a sharp increase
in traffic and roadside housing.
traffic and/or industry
rail traffic
Percentage people hindered by noise 1990-2009
Source: CBS
Without ZOAB the number of noise bottlenecks would have been
10 times higher.
82% of road users acknowledge car noise as a problem for others,
but only a few consider it a priority to solve.
air traffic
road traffic
industry
s
t
n
e
m
m
e
e
m
t
t
e
s
y
s
l
s
l
y
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o
s
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3
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M
s
a
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n
I
/
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of
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e
V
2 wheelers
Electric bikes are on the rise
Batavus
120 million e-scooters and e-bikes
in China today | Novox C20
The electric 2 wheeler re-invented in two different ways
Qugo
Segway
In future motorized 2 wheelers will get airbags or 3 wheels for improved safety
IZH with airbag
Honda 3r-c
Cars
Lightweight construction, super efficient engines and hybrid drive for 1L/100km
Volkswagen 1-litre car
Fiat 2 cyl Turbo multi-air
Downsized urban cars
Peugeot BB1
Electric family cars
Renault ZOE
ADAS for safety and better traffic flow
Advanced Driver Assistance Systems
Niche concepts
Renault Twizy
s
t
n
e
m
m
e
e
m
t
t
e
s
y
s
l
s
l
y
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s
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3
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M
s
a
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n
I
/
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e
of
l
c
i
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e
V
Trucks
Hybrid diesel drive
DAF LF Hybrid
Roadtrains come to Europe
Roadtrain Australia
Lightweight Constructions
Roelofs Kipper Ten Cate composites
Electric city distribution
Gemco Bandit
Advanced Aerodynamics
Ephicas sidewing
New design concepts
DAF XF
Buses
Small electric city bus
Zeus by Bredamanarini/Spijkstaal
In wheel motors
E-traction
Full size electric city bus
Proterra Electric
Fuel Cell
Phileas
London Hybrid Bus
Superbus: 250 km/hr on secluded
track | TU Delft
s
t
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e
m
m
e
e
m
t
t
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s
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s
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s
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I
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of
l
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V
Rail & Guided systems
More high speed connections
Zefiro China
More comfort and service in trains and stations
Mercury Luxury Train concept
Virtual guidance for low cost infrastructure
Phileas
Feeder systems for short range local transport
Ultra System at Heathrow on fixed lane
New Mobility
In future cars will be able to drive autonomously and we will see driverless taxi systems in cities
Darpa: autonomous driving is born
Free ranging autonomous driving taxi system
New concepts ranging from daily urban transport to tourism into space
Virgin Galactic
GMS-EN-V
s
t
n
e
m
m
e
e
m
t
s
t
e
y
s
s
l
l
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o
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s
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3
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M
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t
s
a
of Vehicle / Infr
Road infrastructure today
The Netherlands have the highest highway density in Europe.
NL has 2360 km highways. That is 57,5 km/1000 km2.
Germany is no. 4 with 31,6 km/1000 km2.
All road lanes are at ground level.
More lanes require more space.
Roadside cameras and matrix panels
New is the split of local and through traffic.
All information is provided at the roadside.
Most information is static and provided by road signs.
Highways are provided with dynamic matrix displays and cameras.
Highways have a low noise road surface and induction sensors.
90% of Dutch highways have a ZOAB surface. Noise reduction 4DB at 120km/hr.
ZOAB: Zeer Open Asfalt Beton
Induction rings provide local traffic density measurement.
Road infrastructure tomorrow
New layout options with multi level constructions and smart lanes.
Multi level highways can save space.
Smart lanes for intelligent vehicles with platooning functions etc.
Information shifts from roadside to in-car.
Car2infra communication is supported by local roadside communication units to
Periferico Freeway Mexico City can absorb a Richter 8,5 earthquake
make it reliable and fast.
Wireless sensors in the road surface for speed and
position measurement.
Small low cost wireless sensors throughout the road surface will be able to measure
individual cars.
The road surface as a source of energy.
Road surfaces absorb a lot of solar energy. Solar sensitive road surfaces have been
developed. A 4 lane highway stretch of 2 kilometers can provide 500 households with
electricity. Alternatively summer heat can be stored to defrost winter roads.
Solar road with LED signs
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Traffic Management today
Traffic Management is the new element in mobility
Control turns mobility into a system.
Traffic Management requires communication
Control adds ICT to the mobility system.
Visual communication via D.I.R.P.’s
Traffic Management today
Method
Visual communication via roadside D.R.I.P.s.
Wireless communication via radio (RDS / TMC).
Data collection via infrastructure cameras and road sensors.
Floating Car Data from vehicles (speed / position).
Tasks
Control of number of lanes (open/closed).
Indication of dynamic maximum speed.
Information on traffic jams.
Warning for incidents.
Prognosis of traffic situation based on historical data.
Traffic control centre
Traffic Management tomorrow
Traffic becomes a system of communicating nodes
Traffic is no longer a stream of anonymous elements; traffic becomes a network.
Floating Car Data is the first step to 2 way communication.
Traffic Management Tomorrow
Method
Extended 2 way communication to in-car systems.
Communication between cars, roadside units and back office
by radio, phone and wifi, depending on the task.
Tasks
Optimal speed & distance advice.
Real time traffic prognosis based on known destinations.
Best distribution of traffic over the road network.
More TM tasks will be automated or done by cars themselves.
Smart phones will play an important role in in-car information
Traffic warnings by communication between cars
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Drivers for Change
Changing role of roadside versus in-car information.
Today
Most information is provided roadside.
In-car systems are coming up.
Cars communicate their position to feed traffic info systems.
Change
In-car information complements roadside information.
Multiband ICT systems in all cars.
2-way communication to be the standard.
Future
Roadside panels for fixed and mandatory information.
In-car information for dynamic information and advice.
Cars communicate their destination for improved traffic prediction and
routing advice (with opt-out for privacy reasons).
Sustainability and Climate
VW Up-Lite 2Lcar
TodayA combustion engine in a 1500 kg car to transport a <80 kg person.
The 2010 fleet average of new cars is 130 gr CO2/km.
ChangeThe EU fleet average CO2 target for 2020 is 95 gr/km. This requires
Electric Vehicles and sustainable energy production. Cars will be smaller
and much lighter: <900 kg.
FutureWe will see the 50 km/L car in 5 years from now and the 100 km/L car in
the next decade.
Changing spatial planning priorities.
Today
Urbanization continues worldwide.
We park and leave the car in the city.
Change
Urban space is increasingly scarce and expensive.
Rural landscapes with new recreational quality: no roads, silence.
Parking consumes urban space
From car ownership to car service.
TodayWe favor private transport in our own car, because of rational reasons (no
surprises, comfort) and emotional arguments (status, freedom).
Change
New options arise for private transport in a shared car.
Car mobility develops from ownership to service.
From ‘my car is my castle’ to ‘I use a car for transport’.
Expression of status moves from car ownership to holiday trips.
Future
More public transport and shared cars for commuting?
Personal car ownership only for fun and leisure? BMW car sharing system with Sixt car rental
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Drivers for change
More autonomous action of vehicles (needed).
TodayThe driver is in command. Systems can react faster than humans and
are always alert, but are restricted in their functionality for liability reasons.
Change
OEMs gradually let systems act more autonomously.
IssueHow can product liability be secured? What legal basis is needed?
Central traffic management or self controlled traffic?
Today
Authorities communicate priority rules to cars.
Crowd sourced traffic information
Wiki systems and social media show the power of community building.
Change
Cars can form ad hoc traffic management communities
to handle priority situations at traffic lights
to decide on optimal shared speed. Map updates can be done by user communities.
Local warnings can be broadcast by cars instead of TM centres.
IssueWhat share of traffic management can effectively be done by drivers
themselves? (crowd sourcing)
Local warnings broadcast by cars
New lifestyles will bring more, less or other forms of mobility.
Today
We take the car to work, the plane for holidays. Distance is no issue.
Work is done in the office and we prioritize private transport to get there.
We change jobs rather than change homes.
Change
All information is available at home. Will we work more at home?
Will we get used to meeting people on screen? Will we get used to sharing
cars rather than owning cars? Will we use smaller vehicles?
More sustainable lifestyles and priorities, more multimodality trips.
More wealth, more leisure time. More internet shopping with home delivery.
More cargo.
Multimodality trips
New task split between Government and Service Providers.
TodayTraffic Management is a Government task. Private providers innovate faster
than Government. Government provides infrastructure (no. of lanes) and
maximum speed. Private providers provide navigation.
ChangeTraffic information will become available to all.
Feeding traffic information systems can be a private responsibility.
New cooperation between Government and Private Providers in rerouting.
Trip time advice on smart phone
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percentage speed exceeded by 5%
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Solutions by Behavior
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control (n=42)
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experimental
groups (n=100)
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Pricing instruments to change mobility behavior.
pre-measurement
(Nov & Dec)
experimental phase
(Mrch & Apr)
post-measurement
(Nov & Dec)
Improved spread over networks (modal split).
More cargo via water and rail.
Flexible modal choice: choose your vehicle per trip / no default.
The effect of Kilometer Insurance on speeding
Improved spread over time.
Rush hour avoidance (Spitsmijden) pilots proved to be effective.
Road pricing: discarded in NL due to high cost estimations and complexity.
Make all cost variable.
Kilometer insurance proved effective in influencing behavior. It is made
as an incentive for safe driving. It is operational and can be purchased.
Stay where you are: choose an alternative for transport.
Work via video connection
Work at home: ‘het nieuwe werken’.
Meet via a video connection.
Before you start your work day ask yourself whether to go
to the office, when and how.
Lodewijk de WaalTaskforce / Mobility Management.
Solutions by Car Alternatives
Mobility services.
Car use by subscription
Mobility cards provide mobility by subscription.
The default package offers all public transport modes.
Options include car rental, taxi etc. Call a car: don’t own, but rent a car when you need it.
Greenwheels: pool car at a nearby parking.
Personal Rapid Transit (PRT), the unmanned taxi.
The ultimate urban transport is the unmanned taxi. It is private and low cost.
Unlike car sharing the car comes to collect you. Hence it needs to be able to drive
autonomously. Autonomous driving has been proven possible by the Darpa Urban
Googlecar
Challenge, Google and the Dutch company 2getthere.
PRT 2getthere
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Solutions by Technology
Dynamic rerouting
Flow
Traffic information
Incidents, weather etc.
Dynamic rerouting
Better use of the road network
Cooperative driving
Increased highway capacity
In car internet
Safety
Accident warning
Surround sensing
Accident avoidance
Pre-crash actions
Accident mitigation
Adaptive retention systems
Space
Light constructions with new materials
Multimodal
Trip information to raise public
transport use
Platooning
Saves space on the highway
Autonomous driving
Makes parking obsolete
Noise(future)
Infrastructure
Road surface, sound barriers
Silent vehicles
Electric Vehicle Technology
Tire development
Low noise tires
Electro-mechanical safety systems
Emission
Electric Vehicles
No local emission
Light Constructions
Low cost carbon manufacturing
Internal Combustion Engine
Still 40% improvement potential
Available information feed for in-car systems
Comfort
Location based Services
Mobility apps
Better use of time
oiced email reading,
V
autonomous driving
The car as PA
Advise for range adapted
drivestyle (EV)
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Contribution of HTAS innovations
Primary goal
Secondary effect
Sustainability
Smart Mobility
Emission
Congestion
Safety
Space
Noise
Connected car
10% less CO2,
20% less emission
50% less traffic jams.
Rerouting, dyn green wave,
smartphone connectivity/
integration, RSU,
Back office technology
25% less traffic victims,
accident warning
Increased road capacity,
more multimodality
More fluency in traffic,
less accellerations
Traffic Management
Variable maximum speed
with in-car display
Traffic prognosis, reliable
travel time, rerouting
Incident warning
Fewer accidents:
less traffic jams
Total chassis control
Vehicle Dynamics Control
Variable max speed for
lower local noise
Future Powertrains
Electric vehicle technology
Zero local emission
Low noise
Light Constructions
Light, aerodynamic,
low rolling resistance
Low noise tires,
aerodynamics
ICE powertrain
New combustion
technology, downsizing,
variable compression
ratio's, hybridisation, low
internal friction, intelligent
transmission, e-horizon
Drivers for change
Smart Mobility
Autonomous
(De)central
Attitude
Roadside/incar
Government/
private
Mobile service
Connected car
Platooning
Ad hoc community
building to deal with
a.o. priority situations
More constant speed.
Information tools for
multimodality trips
Traffic info on in car
display, after market
solutions to speed up
deployment
Regulations for (semi)
autonomous driving;
liability
Open platform; both
integrate and after
market solutions.
Call your car, tracking
& tracing
Traffic Management
Autonomous adoption
of maximum speed
Decentral alternatives:
ad hoc community
arrangements,
incident warning
Follow advice, HMI,
acceptance, privacy
Dynamic
individualized in-car
information
Dynamic speed limits,
traffic prognosis,
rerouting
Information sharing
Vehicle Dynamics Control
Mechatronics,
model based control,
reliability
Acceptation
autonomous driving
No gearshift and
range oriented drive
style fit automonous
driving
New drive style
adapted to improve
range
Future Powertrains
Electric vehicle technology
Battery lease,
charging services,
(other) car on demand
Light Constructions
ICE powertrain
Less oriented towards
performance
Strong relation with
government policy
This exhibition is a HTAS project and realized in close cooperation with ATC and ECMD.
HTAS is the Dutch automotive innovation program.
ATC is the Dutch automotive cluster organization.
ECMD is the European Centre for Mobility Documentation.
European Centre for Mobility Documentation