Disaster Management and
Telecommunication System
in Japan
~ Workshop on Telecommunications for Disaster Relief ~
June 4 – 6
Nadi, Fiji
Hikaru CHONO
Director General, International Affairs,
Telecommunications Bureau
Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
MIC
1 Earthquake Distribution & Plate Boundaries
Philippine Sea
Plate
Earthquakes occur along plate boundaries !!
zPacific Japanese & Aleutian archipelago, North/South America, and Philippines
zAtlantic & Eurasian Mediterranean Sea, Turkey, Himalaya Mts. and Indonesia
Many plate boundaries converge at Japanese Archipelago.1
2 Examples of Disaster (1)
Niigata Prefecture Chuetsu Earthquake
2
3 Examples of Disaster (2)
Flood in Niigata Prefecture caused by Torrential Rains
3
4 Type of Danger & Crisis
Natural Disaster
Wind Hazard & Flood
Serious Accident
Aircraft Accident
Marine Accident
Railroad Accident
Road Accident
Dangerous Matter
Big Fire
Nuclear Disaster
Weapons of Mass Deception Terror
Terror on Important Facilities
Suspicious Vessel
Military Attack
Military Attack
Others
Rescue of Citizens
Legislation to Protect Civilians
Volcanic Disaster
Aircraft Piracy
Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act
Earthquake
Serious Incident
Ex. from smallpox
Entering of Refugees
Cyber Terrorism
4
5 Example of Disaster (3)
Explosion at RDF* Power Generation Plant (1)
RDF* = Refuse-Derived Fuel
Site: Mie Prefecture, Japan
Year: 2003
5
6 Example of Disaster (4)
Explosion at RDF* Power Generation Plant (2)
RDF* = Refuse-Derived Fuel
Site: Mie Prefecture, Japan
Year: 2003
6
7 Example of Disaster (5)
Industrial Fire of Bridgestone Tire, Co.
Site: Tochigi Prefecture, Japan
Year: 2003
7
8 Example of Disaster (6)
Tank Fire of Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd (1)
Site: Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan
Year: 2003
8
9 Example of Disaster (7)
Tank Fire of Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd (1)
Site: Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan
Year: 2003
9
10 Example of Disaster (8)
Aspect of Exposure of Oil on the occasion of Tank Fire
Roof sank
into Oil.
Roof sank
into Oil.
Site: Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan
Year: 2003
10
11 Comparison of Natural Disasters
Number of Big Earthquakes
with Magnitude > 6.0 *1
Japan 190
(20.8 %)
Other countries
722
Number of Deaths by Disaster *3
Japan 9 (0.4 %)
Other countries
1932
Number of Active Volcanoes *2
Japan 108
(7.0 %)
Other countries
1440
Total Amount of Damage *3
Japan 2,145
(18.3 %)
Other countries
9,545
(million dollars)
NOTES *1: Based on data from Japanese Meteorological Agency (JMA) and USGS from 1995-2004.
*2: Based on data from Japan’s Cabinet Office and JMA.
Ref: White Paper on Natural Disaster (2006) 11
*3: Prepared by Japan’s Cabinet Office using data from CRED from 1975-2004.
12 Communications systems for fire &
Disaster management in Japan
Image information is transmitted to
the government through satellite
communication.
The situation in a suffered
area is monitored from the
helicopter with TV camera.
Fire defense and
first aid radio
network
Office of Prime
Minister
Local authorities
satellite
communications
Helicopter TV
transmission
system
Prefectural disaster
management radio
network
Fire Defense
Head Quarter
TEL
ＦＡＸ
Fire defense
and disaster
management
radio network
Central disaster
management radio
network
Cabinet Office
Weather information system
Prefectural
government
High
place
monitorin
g camera
FDMA
Exclusive line
Transportation
Office, etc
Weather
information
City hall
Digital camera Hand-held terminal
Multicast radio
transmission
Provide with
disaster information
Residents
Suffered area
Receivers in
each house
Municipal disaster
management radio
network
Meteorological
Office
Provide with disaster
information
Local disaster prevention radio transmission
Moving radio transmission
Hospital
Community
Mutual contact
12
13 Image of DMCS in Japan
DMCS* provides total solution system for disaster management.
(DMCS*: Disaster Management Communication System)
National
Satellite System
Core Network
System
Prefectural
City
Mobile System
Fixed System
(Regional simultaneous telecommunication system)
13
14 Core Network System
Public network
Disaster Prevention Center
of Nation/Prefecture
Relay station
Public service
institutions
Microwave multiplex
wireless system
PC
Disaster prevention Center
related institutions
Tel
Branch office of
Nation/Prefecture
Fax
Video
TV
14
15 Fixed System
Indoor/Outdoor terminals
Loud
Speaker
Warning
Central station
Monitor camera
Character display unit
Regional Simultaneous
Telecommunication System
(Recommendation ITU-R F.1105)
15
16 Mobile System
Landslides occurred in several
areas simultaneously.
Control Stations
Relay station
There is not
enough food!
LAN
Police
Electric power and
gas companies
Shelters
Hospital
Internet
network
Fire
Departments
School (Shelter)
16
17 Satellite System
Satellites can cost-effectively reach out to local residents in remote areas.
Relay station
Loud
Speaker
Seismograph
House Receivers
17
18 Japan’s DMCS and World Standards
(DMCS*: Disaster Management Communication System)
APT Recommendation
Rec. ITU-R S. 1001
Satellite System
National
Core Network
System
Rec. ITU-R F. 1105
City
Prefectural
• Customized for Asia-Pacific Region.
• To be approved at next MC.
Fixed System
Japan’s DMSC fully comply with
World Standards.
18