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PRACTICAL ACTIVITY
To refrigerate
myself, pal!!
Mummy, why does
this animal have
such big ears?
Let’s see if it is true:
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephantidae
http://www.picturesphoto.info/r-a-femalehippopotamus-will-go-1622.htm
Let’s see if the elephant is right:
WHAT WILL WE DO?
Drawings: Rita Capella
http://www.promostore.co.u
k/list/category/home-living
Some previous vocabulary:
Can
Ears
Thermometer
Without/with
Fill
Temperature sensor
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1.-Fill the can without ears (hippopotamus) and the can with ears (elephant)
with the same amount of hot water and put a temperature sensor or a
thermometer in each of them. Measure the temperature at the beginning and
write it down. Do it again 5 minutes later and 10 minutes later. Write it down.
WHAT HAPPENS?
Can without ears
Can with ears
Beginning
After 5 minutes
After 10 minutes
Result:
Temperature
(beginning)Temperature (end)
WHY DOES IT HAPPEN?
1.-Was the elephant right?
YES/NO
2.-Which can has refrigerated more rapidly, the one with ears (elephant) or
the one without ears (hippo)?
ELEPHANT/HIPPOPOTAMUS
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3.-Why do big ears help to refrigerate?
To have big ears helps to refrigerate because there is more ____________
to lose heat.
TO LOSE-LOST
http://scriptsforschools.com/catalog/pl-play-scripts/play-scriptsby-christine-harvey/tp-6-the-legend-of-the-lost-and-found-box/
4.-What is there in the elephant ears that help them refrigerate themselves.
Let’s talk about it. What happens to your face when you run fast for some
time?
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/biobookcircsys.html
Your notes:
http://nikkigsblog.wordpress.com/2010/08/16/can-you-lose-10-lbsfrom-sweating/
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WHILE WE WAIT
All about ears...
http://www.tecnun.es/asignaturas/Ecologia/Hipertexto/02Tierra/120EnVid.htm
1.-Find the name of each animal and write it down. Relate their
distributions to their ears size.
Name
Distribution
Arctic fox: http://www.cas.org/aboutcas/colors/whitefox09.html; http://www.canids.org/species/Alopex_lagopus.htm
Red fox: http://www.mundofotos.net/foto/naika/722178/zorro-rojo ;
http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilt:Distribution_of_Vulpes_Vulpes.png
Fennec: http://aldea-irreductible.blogspot.com/2009/01/naturaleza-asombrosa-el-diminuto-pero.html;
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Distribution_of_the_Fennec_Fox.png
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http://photography.nationalgeograp
hic.com/photography/photo-of-theday/arctic-fox-snow/
http://www.mundofotos.net/foto/naika/
722610/zorro-rojo-en-invierno-
http://rilke11.edublogs.org/files
/2009/04/fennec5.jpg
2.-How do you think the Hippos refrigerate themselves?
Baby hippo diving: http://regulus-starnotes.blogspot.com/2010/11/electoral-and-barometric-oscillations.html
Hippo covered in mud: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/
Hippo inside water: http://perdidosenbuenosaires.blogspot.com/2011/08/hipopotamo.html
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CONDUCTION, CONVECTION AND RADIATION
Let’s relate what we have learnt with the three ways to transmit heat.
http://www.beodom.com/en/education/entries/principles-of-thermal-insulation-heat-transfer-via-conduction-convection-and-radiation
1.-How do elephants lose heat through their ears, by conduction, convection or
radiation? Draw what happens.
2.-Why having more surface and more blood irrigation (for example in elephant
ears) helps the animal to loose heat?
3.-Hippos have small ears. To refrigerate themselves they spent a lot of time
inside water. When they are outside the water they usually cover themselves
in mud. Why do you think they refrigerate themselves when they are mud
covered. Relate the explanation to what you know about conductors and
insulators.
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Homework
All the elephants have the same ears size? Why?
1.-Investigate which is the African elephant and which is the Asian elephant
and write the name below the corresponding picture.
B
http://animals.about.com/b/2009/01/22/animal-idchallenge-african-or-asian-elephant.htm
http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/teacher_resources/best_pl
ace_species/back_from_the_brink/african_savanna_elephant.cfm
2.-Which elephant has bigger ears, the African or the Asian? (In fact in
Africa there are two different elephant species with a slight difference in
their ears size).
3.-Which is the African elephants habitat? Which is the Asian elephants
habitat? Find distribution maps for both species and include them in your
work.
4.-Have a look at this videos. What are the elephants doing with their ears?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwJZsaR5fho
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdEfPwaEImc
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lZKdHVOS9kc
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5.-Which is the advantage of doing it from the refrigeration point of view?
How could we simulate in a practical activity?
6.-Do you think the drawings are correct? Why?
Drawings: Rita Capella
7.-Explain why the African and Asian elephants have different ear sizes.
8.-Think what changes can we apply to our practical
activity to simulate different refrigeration
strategies in elephants as well as in hippopotamus.
We will discuss them and decide which designs we
are going to do next time we go to the lab. If you
want, you can look for more information about he
places they live and the different animals behaviour.
http://www.roadlesstravelled.com.au/australianmuseum-wildlife-photographer-of-the-year-review/
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PRACTICAL ACTIVITY
EXPERIMENT’S DESIGN
Our question(s) is/are:
Our hypothesis is/are:
WHAT DO WE NEED?
WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO?
Our experimental designs are:
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WHAT HAPPENS?:
Our results are:
WHY DOES IT HAPPEN?:
Results interpretation. In your explanation you have to use the concepts:
conduction, convection and radiation.
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HEAT LOSS AGAIN
But now, from another point of view
1.-Penguins.
a) Why are there so many penguins? Why are they so close to one another?
Because there is food in the
middle.
Because there are sales in the
Antarctic Corte Inglés.
Because they are heating each
other.
Because they are very loving
and affectionate.
Because they are preparing the
pinya to build a castle (castell).
http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/birdmetabolism.html
b) What do you think it happens when they travel like you see in the picture?
Do they feel the low temperatures more o less than when they are in the
pinya?
http://penguinology.blogspot.com/2011/06/coordinated-movements-in-penguin-huddle.html
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http://hub.webring.org/hub/ilovepenguins
2.-Let’s design an experiment to see what happens:
Team work
http://jodyfisher.wordpre
ss.com/2011/11/03/thevalue-of-teamwork/
You have to design an experiment to study what happens in relation
to heat loss when the penguins:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
are clustered, all together
travel on a line (of one or two)
are alone
chicks
when they have a lot or few fat (have a look at the joke you have at the
end of the dossier)
f) father/mother and chick
http://www.eatinghabits.org/animals
-eating-habits/penguins-eating-
http://www.polarconservation.org/education/antarcticanimals/antarctic-penguins/gentoopenguin
http://www.sodahead.com/fun/penguinsyay-or-nay/question2228127/?link=ibaf&q=Penguins&imgurl=http://2.bp.blogspot.c
om/EJwWvCdQHDU/TgGxK0ljMxI/AAAAAAAADqY/SnyMa
aoHXK0/s1600/cute-baby-penguins.jpg
Every group has to simulate the situation when
the penguins are clustered, all together (in the
pinya) and another one that you can choose
among the ones that are on the list. Or you can
think about another possibility.
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EXPERIMENT’S DESIGN
http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/article979039.ece
WHAT DO WE NEED?:
You will have test tubes, test tube racks, hot water, thermometers,
temperatures sensors, beakers and other things you think you need and are
available at our lab.
Our question(s) is/are:
Our hypothesis is/are:
WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO?
Our experimental designs are:
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WHAT HAPPENS?:
Our results are:
WHY DOES IT HAPPEN?:
Results interpretation.
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Let’s aply what we have learnt
1.-Find two other adaptations the penguins have to counteract the cold.
Investigate on the internet and write what you discover in the box. The
adaptations should be described in English, in a clear and simple way.
2.-Why is this bird moving its feathers?
Tick the correct answers.
a)
b)
c)
d)
To counteract the cold
To find a female partner
To seem bigger
Because its feathers are wet
http://www.furrytalk.com/tag/cold/
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3.-What similarities are there between the bird
feathers and a mountain jacket?
Tick the correct answers.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Both are situated in the outside.
Both insulate from the air outside
Both cover a great part of the skin
Both are light
Both keep the body’s warmth from going outside
http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-photo-mountainclimber-image6591770
3.-Write down three adaptations that mammoths had to counteract low
temperatures.
http://www.alkaidediciones.com/foro/index.php?topic=289.0
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3.-Have a look at this drawings and read the explanations that go with them.
Ask for help if you have problems in understanding something. When you finish
read the joke in Catalan and explain why the male penguin is so angry and the
female penguin is fatter than the male.
http://emperor-penguin.com/penguin-lifecycle.html
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TO KNOW MORE. OPTIONAL ACTIVITY.
1.-Which is the emperor’s penguin size? Where does it live?
2.-Why to be big is an advantage to counteract low temperatures?
3.-Design an experiment to prove it. Show it to me and if it is Ok I will give
you the material to do it. You have to write a report of what you have done and
what has happened.
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/birds/label/empenguin/
answers.shtml
http://www.seaworld.org/animal-info/animalbytes/animalia/eumetazoa/coelomates/deuterostomes/ch
ordata/craniata/aves/sphenisciformes/emperorpenguin.htm