BIO 212:
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ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY II
LAB
URINARY
KIDNEY MODEL
NEPHRON MODEL
CAT DISSECTION
Dr. Lawrence G. Altman
www.lawrencegaltman.com
Some illustrations are courtesy of McGraw-Hill.
KIDNEY STRUCTURE
Hole’s Lab Manual:
EX. 56, Kidney Structure
Also helpful:
See Morton and Perry Atlas:
page 129
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General Anatomy: external
KIDNEY RENAL FASCIA
ADIPOSE
RENAL CAPSULE
HILUM: Indented region-­‐ Passage of: blood vessels nerves ureter 4
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KIDNEY BLOOD SUPPLY RENAL artery SEGMENTAL arteries * INTERLOBAR arteries ARCUATE arteries INTERLOBULAR arteries In some books aka
Cortical Radiate arteries
AFFERENT arterioles GLOMERULUS EFFERENT arterioles PERITUBULAR capillaries VENULES INTERLOBULAR veins ARCUATE veins INTERLOBAR veins SEGMENTAL veins* RENAL Vein ARCUATE artery * not listed in your books In some books aka
Cortical Radiate arteries
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The Nephron: Introduction -­‐1 million+ .....per kidney -­‐urine production -­‐cortical nephrons (most) -­‐juxtamedullary nephrons Cortical
nephron
Juxtamedullary
nephron
Each NEPHRON -­‐Glomerulus (knot of capillaries)* -­‐Renal tubule Bowman's (Glomerular) capsule* Proximal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Distal convoluted tubule *RENAL CORPUSCLE: Glomerulus + Bowman's Capsule Approx 25% of cardiac output filtered through kidney each minute! 10
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C MANY Proximal Convoluted tubule Microvilli O R T at level
Distal of E afferent Convoluted X arteriole tubule M E D U L L A COLLECTING DUCT many in pyramids (from multiple nephrons) Renal corpuscles Distinguish Loop of Henle: from cortical? Thin segment (descending portion) Thick segment (ascending portion) JUXTAMEDULLARY NEPHRON: Minor CALYX deep into medulla 12
EFFERENT ARTERIOLE EFFERENT ARTERIOLE PERITUBULAR CAPILLARIES adjacent to proximal and distal tubules VEINS In Juxtamedullary
nephrons:
VASA RECTA Specialized peritubular capillaries around Loop of Henle (urine concentration) VEINS Vasa Rectae
PERITUBULAR CAPILLARIES CAT DISSECTION
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Hole’s Lab Manual: EX.58
Cat Dissection: Urinary System
Also helpful:
See Morton and Perry Atlas:
pages 129 and 130
LAST SLIDE