International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Systems (IJEECS)
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A study of Indian railways networks and approaches to implement the
bullet trains in Indian scenario
1
S. Ramesh, 2K.Joseph Raj
Research Scholar, M.Tech-student
Dept. of ECE Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula
Email: [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract:- Today in the real time world, the days are
getting faster with the people’s life. The people are making
the transports in the huge manner. But transports like bus,
trains, air etc…, are developing. But majority of the people
are doing preference for trains only. In India we are
having the fastest trains like satabadi, rajdhani and
duronto etc.., but as per the situation, currently, the fastest
train in India is the Bhopal Shatabdi, which has a top
speed of 150 km/h (93 mph).So it is right time to increase
the trains speed and we want to reduce the traveling time
also, as per the situation of Indian railways networks we
cant not able to make the speed of this broad gauge trains
not more 180 km/h So we have to make the alternative way
called high speed bullet trains. Apart from India, some
countries like Japan, china, German, France, South Korea,
Spain, Italy, Europe are already implemented the bullet
trains. At the time of high speed trains with a speed of
250km to 350 km per hour, India still uses rail
transportation, that doesn’t go beyond 100km per hour
and passengers have to travel days to reach the
destinations with the existing rail networks. With a view to
provide them faster transportation, Indian railways have
decided to build six high speed rail corridors in the
country. But still we are lagging in the advance
developments what is the reason behind this? We had all
the resources but main drawback is our environment
conditions. So here in this paper we are discussing to
improve the issues regarding the environmental condition
for developing the high speed bullet trains.
I. INTRODUCTION
The Indian railways are among one of largest railway
systems in the world. Indian railways have an extensive
network, which is spread over 63 208 route kilometer,
comprising broad gauge
(44,776 rkm), meter gauge (14,987rkm) and narrow
gauge (3265 rkm).Approximately, 24 percent of the
network is electrified. India has one of the largest rail
networks in the world but does not have any high-speed
rail lines capable of supporting speeds of 200 km/h
(124 mph) or more. High-speed corridors have been
proposed but not implemented. The Indian railways
have played an integrating role in the social and
economic development of the country. China and Japan
are leading the world in development of high speed
bullet train routes but thus far routes have been limited
to major metro politan corridars.but just now Indian
ministry of railways has identified six such corridors
which are under various stage of development, there
are(i) delhi-chandigarh-amristar (450 km) (ii) punemumbai-ahmedabad (650 km) (iii) Hyderabad-dornakalvijaywada-chennai 664km (iv) Chennai-bangalorecoimbatore-ernakulam-thiruvanthapiram 850km (v)
howrah-haldia 135 (vi) delhi-agra-lucknow-varanasipatna (991km).When we are implementing high speed
bullet trains we are having these types of issues in the
Indian environmental condition. The bullet trains can be
implemented in following manners sub way implement
and corridor based implementation. In this paper we are
going to discuss the issues happens when we
implements the techniques in Indian scenario.
II. FACTS ABOUT INDIAN RAILWAYS
Indian railways, a historical legacy, are a vital force in
our economy. The first railway on Indian sub-continent
ran from Bombay to thane on 16th April 1853.fourteen
railway carriages carried about 400 guests from Bombay
to Thane covering a distance of 21 miles (34
Kilometers). Since then there has been no looking back.
Today, it covers 6,909 stations over a total route length
of more than 63,028 kilometers. The track kilometers in
broad gauge (1676 mm) are 86,526 kms, meter gauge
(1000 mm) are 18,529 kms and narrow gauge (762/610
mm) are 3,651 kms. Of the total route of 63,028 kms,
16001 kms
Are electrified. The railways have 8000 locomotives,
50,000 coaching vehicles, 222,147 freight wagons, 6853
stations, 300 yards, 2300 good sheds, 700 repair shops,
and 1.54 million work force. Indian Railways runs
around 11,000 trains everyday, of which 7,000 are
passenger trains. Presently, 9 pairs of Rajdhani and 13
pairs of Shatabdi Express Trains run on the rail tracks of
India.
It is interesting to note that though the railways were
introduced to facilitate the commercial interest of the
British, it played an important role in unifying the
country.
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ISSN (Online): 2347-2820, Volume -2, Issue-10 2014
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International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Systems (IJEECS)
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Railways are ideally suited for long distance travel and
movement of bulk commodities. Regarded better than
road transport in terms of energy efficiency, land use,
environment impact and safety it is always in forefront
during national emergency.
Indian railways, the largest rail network in Asia and the
world’s second largest under one management are also
credited with having a multi gauge and multi traction
system.
The Indian Railways have been a great integrating force
for more than 150 years. It has helped the economic life
of the country and helped in accelerating the
development of industry and agriculture. Indian
Railways is known to be the largest railway network in
Asia.
The Indian Railways network binds the social, cultural
and economical fabric of the country and covers the
whole of country ranging from north to south and east to
west removing the distance barrier for its people. The
railway network of India has brought together the whole
of country hence creating a feeling of unity among
Indians.
III. HIGH SPEED RAIL TRAVEL
In the coming decade, Indian Railways must catch up
with the developed railways of the world in the matter of
speed of trains. The current effort to provide fast nonstop train services under the new brand of Duronto will
continue. In addition, For example, train journey
between Delhi-Mumbai and Delhi-Kolkata will become
an overnight service. The Vision 2020 also envisages the
implementation of, one in each of the regions of the
nation and planning for at least 8 more corridors
connecting commercial, tourist and pilgrimage hubs. Six
corridors have already been identified for technical
studies on setting up of High Speed Rail Corridors.
These are:
i. Delhi-Chandigarh-Amritsar;
ii. Pune-Mumbai-Ahmedabad;
iii. Hyderabad-Dornakal-Vijayawada-Chennai;
iv. Howrah-Haldia;
v. Chennai-Bangalore-Coimbatore-Ernakulam;
vi. Delhi-Agra-Lucknow-Varanasi-Patna
These could be built as elevated corridors in keeping
with the pattern of habitation and the constraint of
land in our country. The Railways will use the PPP
mode for investment and execution, and draw on frontier
technologies incorporating the highest standards of
safety and service quality. In the next 10 years, we
would develop 50 World Class Stations which compare
with the best, internationally. Once redeveloped, these
stations would be well-integrated with other modes of
transport in the cities and easy to access and use. There
would be no congestion. In another words, these stations
would go beyond being mere transport hubs. They
would become vibrant centers of the life of the cities, for
commerce, entertainment and social space. They would
also become major tourist attractions, as is happening
with redesigned railway stations in many parts of the
world. All this would be achieved using the PPP route,
for which an attractive enabling policy and
implementation structure will be presented shortly. Our
Catering services must ensure availability of
hygienically prepared and nutritionally balanced food to
passengers and cater to the diversity of India's palate and
pocket. To achieve these goals, railway catering services
will soon undergo major reform.
IV. PRESENT SCENARIO
India has one of the largest rail networks in the world
but does not have any high- speed rail lines capable of
supporting speeds over 300 km/h (186.4 mph).
However, high-speed corridors that have been proposed
have never been implemented. For the first time in the
history of Indian Railways, point-to-point non-stop
Duronto Express trains began operations in 2009.
Furthermore, Indian Railways also aims to raise the
speed of passenger trains to 300-350 km/h on dedicated
conventional tracks.
The Indian Railways is planning to implement new
policies for achieving its goal of high-speed
transportation with a forward vision of reaching a speed
of about 350 km/h on new tracks using state-of-the-art
technology, such as Shinkansen/TGVetc. This would act
as an improvement on the existing conventional lines.
While they do not define high-speed, but their recent
approach matches the high-speed definitions of the
Trans-European high-speed rail network for upgraded
lines and new lines built for high-speed
V. JAPAN’S CASE
Since the inauguration of the first "Shinkansen" highspeed railway line in Japan--the Tokaido Shinkansen--in
1964, Japan's high-speed railway lines have been a great
success. In Japan, on an average the high-speed rail
development has reduced traveling time for passengers
by three hours with traveling speed of 300 km/h from
morning to late evening, while freight transport time has
reduced by five hours with a speed of 160 km/h during
the night. With the development of a R160-billion highspeed rail route, based on Japan’s Shinkansen rail, the
volume of freights has reached between 2.5- 4.2-million
tons a year. Furthermore, due to increment in train speed
in last few years, passenger flow through the central
region of Japan has changed significantly, thus
generating significant demand and increasing user
benefits.
VI. PROBLEM STATEMENT
The present study is to be focused on “what should be
the approach of the Indian Railways for achieving the
goal of implementing the high speed train system in
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ISSN (Online): 2347-2820, Volume -2, Issue-10 2014
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International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Systems (IJEECS)
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India?” When approaching
following issues will occurs.
this
implementation
Issues in Indian environmental condition:
1. Canal and river problems (Bridge condition)
2. Water leakage problems
3. Soil erosion problems
4. Rock destroy problem
A. Implementation of bullet trains
The implementation trains will be based on two ways:
1. under sub Way implementation
2. Corridor based implementation
VII. NATURE OF THE WORK
Our concept is fully based on study of Indian railway
networks, according to our study analysis as per the
Indian scenario condition we can able to implement the
high speed bullet trains in two ways,
7.2. Example for under subway implementation
C. Corridor based implementation
1. under sub way implementation
2. Corridor based condition implementation
A.Example of Indian railway bullet trains
India has one of the largest rail networks in the world
but does not have any high- speed rail lines capable of
supporting speeds over 300 km/h (186.4 mph).
However, high-speed corridors that have been proposed
have never been implemented. For the first time in the
history of Indian Railways, point-to-point non-stop
Duronto Express trains began operations in 2009.
Furthermore, Indian Railways also aims to raise the
speed of passenger trains to 300-350 km/h on dedicated
conventional tracks
C. Corridor based implementation
The Ahmedabad–Mumbai–Pune high-speed passenger
corridor is a proposed high-speed rail corridor in India
connecting the cities of Ahmedabad, Mumbai and Pune.
It will be India's first high speed rail line. Initially
proposed between economic giants Mumbai and
Ahmedabad, it was later under the political pressure
extended to Pune also. It had been proposed between
Ahmedabad and Mumbai since a decade, now it is going
to turn into reality.
D. Issues
First up all before approaching the implementation of
high speed bullet train corridor we have to rectify the
issues. The issues are listed below with the solution.
Issue: 1
Canal and river problem (Bridge construction)
7.1: Example of bullet trains
B. Under subway implementation
For canal and river problem we have make the basement
very strong. The reason behind this was when the bullet
train is going in the speed of 250/300km per hour due to
the vibration of fast the bridge can get damaged, so
make the bridge in very strong manner.
Subway Bullet Trains is almost implemented from all
around the world such as Sydney, New York, Beijing
including the up and coming bullet train in India. India
The bridge can be constructed with the help of steel but
is on the path of upgrading technology with the
under the water we have make the strong ceintings with
prominent “Japanese Bullet Train” technology to be
the help of rock stone and black clay. After make the
used for Mumbai - Ahmedabad route.
steel construction.
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International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Systems (IJEECS)
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Issue: 2
The other key problem faced by the Indian Railways is
the high accident rate, which includes derailment,
collisions, many being run over by trains,
Water Leakage (due to the pressure of high speed train)
Due to the high speed train, near by the farmer land,
forest, river, pond & canal, in these places easily water
can comes out due to the pressure of high speed. So
rectify those places and make some changes to the
strong state. How we can analyze means make some 3
feet and pour the black stone then river side mud with
cement and then pour the black stones now the state
become very solid. So following there ways we can
easily avoid the water leakage problem.
Issue: 3
Soil condition problem (Due to natural and artificial
condition the soil was not stable )
For soil condition means in some places the soil are not
in the stable form some erosions can occurs,so stabilize
these places make some strong soil condition with the
help of Blackstone and clay mud.
The earlier pay commission (in the years 1986 & 1996)
recommendations had badly hit the bottom lines of the
Railway and other Government Department. The
recommendations of sixth pay commission are expected
by the end of 2008, which might make Indian railways
go red again. Apart from these also due to artificial and
natural conditions some disaster happens. But mainly we
are studying the bullet trains implemtation.But avoid
these conditions better choose the alternative way that
don’t touches these of locations. But in our study we are
giving some idea. This idea want to be consider when
the high speed bullet train implementations.
REFERENCES
[1]
Ministry
of
http://rti.railnet.gov.in/.
[2]
M. C. Edwards et al., “Improving Freight Rail
Safety with onboard Monitoring and Control
Systems,” in Proceedings of the 2005
ASME/IEEE Joint Rail Conference, Pueblo, CO,
USA, Mar 2005, pp. 117–122.
[3]
K. Ishizu et al., “Bullet-train Network
Architecture for Broadband and Real-time
Access,” in 12th IEEE Symposium on Computers
and Communications, (ISCC 2007), Aveiro,
Portugal, July 2007, pp. 241– 248.
[4]
Daniel T. Fokum, Student Member, IEEE and
Victor S. Frost,
Fellow, IEEE.IEEE
COMMUNICATIONS
SURVEYS
&
TUTORIALS, VOL. 12, NO. 2, SECOND
QUARTER 2010.
[5]
Rishi Kapoor, Alex C. Snoeren, Geoffrey M.
Voelker, George Porter University of California,
San Diego, Bullet Trains: A study of NIC burst
behavior at Microsecond timescales.
[6]
Amos P, Bullock D, Sondhi J (2010) High-Speed
Rail: The Fast Track to Economic Development?
(The World Bank, Washington, DC).
Issue 4
Rock Destroy problem
Due to the high speed trains near by the rock it very
close to the track it can get cracks. So avoid these
problems rock should be tied with the help of steel
wiring.
Apart from these also due to artificial and natural
conditions some disaster happens. But mainly we are
studying the bullet trains implemtation.But avoid these
conditions better choose the alternative way that don’t
touches these of locations.
VIII CONCLUSION
Indian Railways require finance for modernization
however the required budgetary support is absent. For
example, the provision of automated signaling system to
prevent the crashes is missing. The stiff competition
between private airlines has brought serious threat on
upper class passengers of the railways. Though
Rajdhanai and Shatabadi trains are the fastest and
luxurious trains of India their speed and food service is
not competitive as compared to the air travel.
Indian
railway
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