GSA Data Repository 2017007
Demise of Ediacaran dolomitic seas marks widespread biomineralization on the Siberian
Platform
Wood et al.
Supplementary Materials
Locality information
Yudoma-Maya confluence section = 59°09'07.8"N 135°16'41.4"E E
Nuuchchalakh valley section = 59°24'57.3"N 136°47'39.4"E
Kyra-Ytyga river = 59°29'38.7"N 137°14'41.0"E
59°11'55.0"N 135°16'51.3"E
Stratigraphy and Correlation
The Ediacaran Yudoma Group unconformably onlaps onto various Mesoproterozoic to
Cryogenian formations, the youngest of which is the siltstone and sandstone of the
Cryogenian Ust’-Kirbi Formation, and in turn is unconformably overlain by greenish/rosegrey mudstones and wackestones of the lower Cambrian Pestrotsvet Formation. The Yudoma
Group is subdivided into the Aim and Ust’-Yudoma formations (Khomentovsky, 1985;
Zhuravlev et al., 2012). The only date available is Pb-Pb radiometric analysis at Kyra-Ytyga
river which yields an age of 553 ± 23 (2) Ma for the upper Aim Formation ( Semikhatov et
al., 2003).
The three sections record a shelf-edge transect across the southeast margin of the Siberian
Platform from a very proximal setting on the Uchur-Maya Plate (Yudoma-Maya confluence)
to increasingly distal settings of the Yudoma-Maya Depression towards the north-east
(Nuuchchalakh valley to Kyra-Ytyga river).
The Yudoma-Maya Confluence section was selected as the Yudoma Group stratotype but
the more complete Nuuchchalakh Valley section was later suggested as its hypostratotype
(Khomentovskiy, 1985). 1 The Aim Formation (~45-100 m) varies, but generally consists of coarse clastic
transgressive systems tracts (TST) that pass into prograding highstands (HST) of crossbedded and wavy laminated dolostones terminated by a sequence boundary with abundant
glauconitic grains in proximal settings. Overlying this sequence boundary is a further TST of
dolomitised siltstones interbedded with red shales, a thicker shale interval (which marks the
maximum flooding surface) that passes into thicker dolomitised siltstones beds with
interbedded green siltstones, and finally into dark, finely laminated limestones. The overlying
Ust’−Yudoma Formation consists of a thick (~120-140 m), prograding and highly cyclic late
HST succession of light−grey sucrosicdolograinstones, packstones and wackestones, with
cement-filled sheet-like cavities and many features indicating deposition in a shallow,
energetic proximal setting including cross lamination and a high quartz sand content (Fig.
1B). A dolostone conglomerate contained reworked clasts of the underlying black limestones
forms the basal 4 m of the Ust’- Yudoma Formation in Nuuchchalakh Valley. The uppermost
10-70 m of the Ust’−Yudoma Formation is composed of limestone but notably this transition
is not accompanied by any facies changes.
At Nuuchchalakh Valley (Fig. DR1), the second TST of the Aim Formation, the
dolomitised siltstones are arranged in a series of shallowing-upwards parasequences (Fig.
S1B). Siltstones show ripple lamination and other evidence of current re-working. The shales
interbedded with the dolomitised siltstone beds are not dolomitised, and the MFS (the deepest
part of the sequence) is composed of red undolomitised shales. The early HST is marked by
several thick (2-4m) dolomite beds which then pass into stromatolitic and thrombolitic
limestones. Late HSTs are pure, thick, dolostone.
2 Figure DR1: Stratigraphy and early dolomitisation of the Yudoma Group,on theYudoma
River, Uchur−Maya Region, Siberia. A, Aim and Ust’-Yudoma Formations at Nuuchchalakh
Valley. SB = sequence Boundary, UC = basal unconformity; B, D, Variably dolomitised
siltstone beds interbedded with red shales of the TST of the Aim Formation at Nuuchchalakh
Valley; B, Scale bar = 0.5 m; C, Dolomitised breccia within red siltstone in TST of Aim
Formation at Kyra−Ytyga River.
3 The presence of Cloudina in an assemblage with Anabarites has been used to indicate an
uppermost Ediacaran age for upper part of the Ust’−Yudoma Formation (Zhuravlev et al.,
2012). Correlation of Uchur−Maya sections with those of the Olenëk Uplift suggests that the
Aim Formation is correlated with the Khatyspyt Formation (a finely laminated limestone)
yielding Nenoxites, Palaeopascichnus, and soft-bodied Mawsonites, Ediacaria and others.
The lower Ust’-Yudoma Formation is coeval with the dolomitic Turkut Formation where
scarce Cambrotubulus decurvatus tubes have been recorded. The uppermost Ust’−Yudoma
Formation bearing Anabarites–Protohertzina assemblage is coeval with the lower Kessyuse
Group (limy Syhargalakh Formation) containing an assemblage of the Anabarites trisulcatus
Zone, including protoconodonts Protohertzina anabarica and anabaritids Cambrotubulus
decurvatus, Anabaritestrisulcatus, A. signatus, and Tiksithecasp. as well as
Treptichnuspedum and other trace fossils.
This suggests that the beds with Gaojiashania
(upper Aim Formation) are coeval with the Khatyspyt Formation of the Olenëk Uplift where
typical Ediacaran fossils are present (Zhuravlev et al. 2009). If the correlation of
Nuuchchalakh and Kyra-Ytyga sections is correct, the Gaojiashaniabeds are underlain by
strata of 553±23 Ma age (Semikhatov et al., 2003).
Semikhatov, M.A., Ovchinnikova, G.V., Gorokhov, I.M., Kuznetsov, A.B., Kaurova, O.K.,
and Petrov, P.Yu., 2003, Pb-Pb isochronous age and Sr isotope characteristics of the
upper Yudoma carbonate strata (Vendian of the Yudoma-Maya Depression, eastern
Siberia) [in Russian]. Doklady Rossijskoj Akademii Nauk, v. 393, p. 83-87.
4 Methods
Stratigraphic and sedimentological analysis was conducted at three Ediacaran-Cambrian
sections and macrofossil distributions noted. Polished thin sections under a
Catholuminescence Cold cathode CITL 8200 MK3A was used to identify cement zones
separated by differing luminescence (Habermann et al. 1996; 1998; Mason and Mariano,
1990). Dolomite marine cements with sharp, well-preserved cathodoluminescent zonation
were analysed for major element concentrations (Fe, Ca, Mg, Mn) using a Cameca SX50
Electron Microprobe at the University of Edinburgh with a 80s count time, an accelerating
voltage of 15kV, and a beam current of 35nA.
Elemental concentrations
BDL = Below Detection Limit
Aim Formation, Yudoma-Maya Confluence: early dolomite cements isopachous crust
(Weight %)
DataSet/Point Ca
Mn
Fe
Sr
Mg
O
1/1A
21.6027 0.0105 0.1197
0.001 12.2098 16.6985
1/2.
21.332
0.002 0.1412 -0.0019 12.6123 16.8598
1/3.
21.336 0.0066 0.0958 0.0055 12.3069 16.6491
1/4.
21.2481 0.0006
0.167 0.0046 12.0563 16.4659
1/5.
21.3231 0.0149 0.1917 0.0076 12.2046 16.6079
1/6.
21.0997 0.0099 0.1113 0.0014 11.5147 16.0374
1/7.
21.2657 0.0114 0.0971 0.0025 11.4734 16.0752
1/8.
21.519 0.0046 0.1061 0.0032 12.3501 16.7533
1/9.
21.1927 0.0114 0.3131 0.0044 11.9938 16.448
2/1.
20.6196 0.0434 0.2329 0.0041 10.358 15.1308
3/1.
21.4663 0.0552 0.2666 -0.0023 12.1789 16.6771
5/1.
21.9567 -0.0026
0.022 0.0076 11.9669 16.6498
5/2.
21.7407 0.0138 0.1156
0 11.7499 16.451
5/3.
21.6721 0.0282
0.398 -0.0007 11.7266 16.4932
5/4.
21.692 0.0234 0.2903 0.0016 11.8677 16.5622
5/5.
21.5366 0.0156 0.3624 -0.0024 11.7141 16.4168
5/6.
21.7879 0.0119 0.2463 0.0007 11.6697 16.454
5/7.
21.5319 0.0185 0.2009 0.0013 11.6345 16.3177
5/8.
21.7305 0.0103 0.1833 -0.0041 11.6503 16.399
6/1.
21.4853 0.0104
0.205 0.0092 11.8304 16.4283
1/1B
21.5175 0.0031 0.1269 0.0056 11.2051 16.0044
1/2.
21.7756 0.0085 0.1045 0.0044 11.2268 16.1166
1/3.
21.6182 -0.0015 0.0343 0.0019 11.1143 15.9562
5 1/4.
1/5.
1/6.
1/7.
1/8.
1/9.
1 / 10 .
1 / 11 .
1 / 12 .
1 / 13 .
1 / 14 .
1 / 15 .
1 / 16 .
1 / 17 .
1 / 18 .
1 / 19 .
1 / 20 .
1 / 21 .
1 / 22 .
1 / 23 .
1 / 24 .
1 / 25 .
1 / 26 .
1 / 27 .
1 / 28 .
1 / 29 .
1 / 30 .
1 / 31 .
1 / 32 .
1/1C
1/2.
1/3.
1/4.
1/5.
1/6.
1/7.
1/8.
1/9.
1 / 10 .
1 / 11 .
1 / 12 .
1 / 13 .
1 / 14 .
1 / 15 .
1 / 16 .
21.7238
21.6233
21.5405
21.3646
21.4182
21.6922
21.5719
21.6557
21.3077
21.2343
21.2521
21.3218
21.5132
21.4914
21.4601
21.2794
21.5854
21.5911
21.8187
21.501
21.3306
21.3807
21.3025
21.5454
21.4367
21.3498
21.3184
20.8296
21.1087
21.0938
21.8327
21.5422
21.4835
21.7704
21.7762
21.9461
21.4355
21.9431
21.5436
21.5367
21.3501
21.3916
21.2513
21.2869
21.2024
0.0051
0.009
0.0061
0.0037
-0.0041
-0.0075
-0.0057
0.0043
-0.0044
0.0005
0.0106
0.0102
-0.0002
0.0009
0.0003
0
-0.0011
0.0052
0.0051
0.0132
0.0123
0.0132
0.0106
0.01
0.0092
0.0066
0.0058
0.0061
0.0075
0.0084
0.0016
0.0063
0.0001
0.005
0.0044
0.0108
0.0155
0.0065
0.0068
0.0037
-0.0019
0.0088
0.0038
0.0024
0.0064
0.0804
0.1154
0.1616
0.1505
0.1259
0.0147
0.0195
0.1089
0.0625
0.2177
0.181
0.2215
0.1306
0.0391
0.086
0.0846
0.0175
0.0852
0.1145
0.1592
0.3205
0.1533
0.1541
0.1853
0.1332
0.1407
0.1034
0.1047
0.3007
0.1504
0.0186
0.072
0.0429
0.0618
0.0555
0.1182
0.2305
0.0476
0.0983
0.1121
0.0189
0.0585
0.0974
0.2147
0.172
-0.0016
0.0011
0.0057
0.0052
0.0082
-0.0018
0.0004
0.0044
0.0019
0.0024
0.0038
0.0036
0.0032
0.0037
0.0033
0.006
0.0074
0.0064
0.0082
0.0033
0.0041
0.0066
0.0088
0.0036
0.0029
0.004
0.0014
-0.0043
0.0057
0.0031
0.0058
-0.0005
-0.0015
0.0084
0.0064
0.0012
0.0049
0.0077
0.0077
0.0041
0.002
0.0032
0.0001
0.0008
0.0042
11.2496
11.1739
10.8815
11.4015
11.5137
11.5762
11.525
11.4877
11.2985
11.2112
11.0849
11.1685
11.2911
11.4753
11.4571
10.9058
11.3675
11.2884
11.3395
11.5629
11.7583
11.5986
11.5957
11.5329
11.6245
11.5278
11.6695
10.143
11.3841
11.5555
11.3497
11.641
11.2861
11.4365
11.5227
11.4172
11.3617
11.6711
11.6566
11.8485
11.2673
11.664
11.5322
11.8399
11.3575
16.102
16.0237
15.8114
16.0795
16.166
16.2818
16.2024
16.2405
15.9608
15.92
15.8367
15.931
16.0589
16.1457
16.1344
15.6993
16.1062
16.0774
16.2106
16.2451
16.3518
16.2195
16.1862
16.2497
16.2513
16.1545
16.2239
15.0233
16.01
16.0737
16.194
16.2853
16.0179
16.2401
16.2968
16.314
16.1079
16.4596
16.3052
16.4312
15.9455
16.2378
16.1041
16.3543
15.9926
6 Fe: Range 0 – 3624 ppm; n=68; Mean 1393 ppm
Mn: Range 0 - 552 ppm; n=68; Mean 78 ppm (BDL)
Aim Formation, Yudoma-Maya Confluence: later rhombic dolomite cements (Weight
%)
DataSet/Point Ca
Mn
Fe
Sr
Mg
O
1/1.
21.0619 0.0106
0.15 -0.0017 12.0107 16.3603
1/2.
21.5984 0.0094 0.0919 0.0033 11.1665 16.0026
1/3.
21.3192 0.0089 0.1796 0.0027 11.0531 15.8414
1/4.
21.4995 0.0067 0.1179 0.0041 9.6309 14.9591
1/6.
21.4162 0.0109 0.3151 0.0006 11.4663 16.1912
1/7.
21.3248 0.0159 0.3606 -0.0005 11.6853 16.3131
1/8.
21.3714 0.0135 0.4772 0.0033 11.5765 16.2935
1/9.
21.3643 0.0134 0.4088 0.0039 11.4738 16.2036
1 / 10 .
21.4341 0.0117 0.4346 0.0045 11.5961 16.3189
1 / 11 .
21.6191 0.0121 0.4376 0.0044 11.5024 16.332
1 / 12 .
21.1828 0.0123 0.4267 -0.0025 11.4638 16.1281
1 / 13 .
21.1898 0.0201 0.6127 0.0029 11.644 16.3061
1 / 14 .
21.1423 0.0202 0.5713
0.004 11.673 16.2946
1 / 15 .
21.4203
0.016 0.4495 0.0007 11.393 16.1845
1 / 16 .
21.2573 0.0132 0.4514
0.003 11.4815 16.1779
1 / 17 .
21.4953 0.0088 0.4224 0.0046 11.4401 16.2364
1 / 18 .
21.511 0.0126 0.4123 -0.0034 11.4461 16.2433
1 / 19 .
21.6807 0.0179 0.3915 -0.0014 10.9525 15.9821
1 / 20 .
20.9179 0.0165 0.3084 0.0039 10.2271 15.1768
1 / 21 .
21.5339 0.0133 0.3039 0.0018 11.3073 16.1312
1 / 22 .
21.4576 0.0114 0.2672 -0.0006 11.2598 16.058
1 / 23 .
21.7126 0.0134 0.2624 0.0058 11.1924 16.1157
1 / 24 .
21.5073 0.0169 0.3006 0.0013 11.3104 16.1226
1 / 25 .
21.7266
0.019 0.3246 -0.0024 11.1649 16.1212
1 / 26 .
21.6825 0.0218 0.4172 0.0054 10.9479 15.9895
1 / 27 .
21.7169 0.0192 0.2864 0.0042 11.0829 16.0537
1 / 28 .
21.5052 0.0189 0.2861 0.0098 11.1528 16.016
1 / 30 .
21.0263 0.0176 0.2157 0.0002 10.4057 15.3107
1 / 31 .
21.0861 0.0218 0.2643 0.0064 11.534 16.0936
1 / 32 .
20.226 0.0169 0.1524 0.0018 10.8676 15.2772
1 / 33 .
21.2418 0.0008 0.2454 0.0008 11.4817 16.1088
1 / 34 .
21.1731 0.0015 0.2037 -0.0001 11.4844 16.0712
1 / 35 .
21.0518 0.0025 0.1616 -0.0009 10.6228 15.4438
1 / 36 .
21.6149 0.0008 0.1462 0.0029 11.4691 16.2214
1 / 37 .
21.4722 0.0044 0.1368
0.002 11.5009 16.1836
1 / 38 .
21.4929 0.0038
0.005 -0.0007 11.4623 16.128
1 / 39 .
21.5785
0.008
0.057 -0.0021 11.3175 16.0827
1 / 40 .
21.4551 0.0008 0.0429 0.0038 11.4209 16.0964
1 / 41 .
21.7862 -0.0002 0.0329 0.0026 11.2537 16.1152
1 / 42 .
21.2886 0.0016 0.0767 0.0068 11.4128 16.0351
7 Fe: Range 0 – 6127 ppm; n=41; Mean 2733 ppm
Mn: Range 0 - 218 ppm; n=41; Mean 113 ppm
Ust’-Yudoma Formation, Nuuchchalakh Valley: inter-granular dolomite cements
(Weight %)
DataSet/Point Ca
Mg
Mn
Fe
Sr
O
1/1.
22.1773
14.3046 0.0009 0.0863 0.007
18.2961
2/1.
22.4265
14.014 -0.005 0.0882 0.0132 18.2043
5/1.
21.9274
14.1101 0.004
0.0332 0.0069 18.054
5/2.
22.1875
13.9588 0.0063 0.0217 0.0085 18.0559
5/3.
21.7676
13.7176 0.0033 0.1091 0.001
17.7523
5/4.
19.0287
12.1608 0.0091 0.1529 0.0044 15.649
5/5.
21.9947
14.2308 -0.0004 0.0204 0.0056 18.1551
5/6.
21.8237
14.0611 0.0033 0.0217 0.0087 17.9772
5/7.
21.3518
14.6759 0.0018 0.1365 0.0094 18.2261
5/8.
21.6972
14.5285 0.0008 0.0122 0.0041 18.2302
5/9.
22.0158
13.9379 0.0018 0.057
0.0021 17.9813
5 / 10 .
21.864
14.1524 0.0029 0.0099 0.0067 18.0495
6/1.
21.7149
14.4798 0.0072 0.2129 0.003
18.2643
6/2.
21.3449
12.0698 0.0012 0.098
0.0097 16.4966
6/3.
21.5896
13.1451 0.0083 0.176
0.0096 17.3265
6/4.
21.9593
14.168 0.006
0.0376 0.009
18.1071
6/5.
22.2673
13.9928 0.0001 0.0055 0.0001 18.1022
6/6.
21.9902
14.1485 -0.001 0.0013 0.0061 18.0936
6/7.
21.7174
14.274 -0.0008 0.0103 0.0005 18.0689
6/8.
22.0845
13.9066 -0.0012 0.0049 0.006
17.973
6/9.
22.1994
14.0453 -0.0002 0.008
0.0064 18.1114
6 / 10 .
22.2103
13.898 0.002
0.0879 0.0057 18.0422
Fe: Range 0 – 2129 ppm; n=22; Mean 632 ppm
Mn: BDL
Uppermost Aim Formation, Nuuchchalakh Valley: low Mg calcite sparry cement
(Weight %)
DataSet/Point Ca
Mg
Mn
Fe
Sr
O
7/7.
35.4139 0.5874 0.0036 0.1044 0.0299 14.5604
7/8.
38.9078 0.4293 0.0295 0.0074 0.0319 15.8311
7/9.
38.9234 0.2142 0.0407 0.1651 0.0335 15.7446
7 / 10 .
39.1079 0.3971 0.0204 0.0061 0.0218 15.885
8/2.
38.383 0.6445 0.0602 0.0492 0.0408 15.7858
8/6.
38.2919
0.593 0.0058 0.0638 0.0367 15.7031
8/7.
38.0651 0.7303 0.0052 0.0708 0.0366 15.7048
8/8.
39.5256 0.5217 0.0272
0.037 0.0402 16.1479
8/9.
39.5305 0.6546 0.0248 0.0008 0.0383 16.2259
8 / 10 .
38.9346 0.5129 0.0198 -0.0035 0.0182 15.8885
8 Fe: Range 0 - 1044 ppm; n=10; Mean 501 ppm
Mn: Range 0 - 602 ppm; n=10; Mean 237ppm
Petrosvet Formation, Nuuchchalakh Valley: early Low Mg calcite cements (Weight %)
DataSet/Point Ca
Mg
Mn
Fe
Sr
O
1/1.
39.7509 0.5514 0.0158 0.0052 0.0087 16.2392
1/2.
38.6411 0.1658 0.0641 0.4084 0.0236 15.6746
1/5.
39.1947 0.2051 0.1219 0.3027 0.0556 15.9139
1/6.
38.7822 0.2442 0.0932 0.1589 0.0025 15.7157
1/7.
39.9019 0.2893 0.0588 0.1399 0.0021 16.1769
1/8.
39.936 0.3885 0.0174 0.0207 0.004
16.2099
1/9.
38.7688 0.137
0.0783 0.0868 0.0029 15.6149
1 / 10 .
39.5121 0.1918 0.0053 -0.0007 0.0105 15.9028
1 / 11 .
39.5752 0.1796 -0.0027 -0.0016 0.0056 15.9164
1 / 12 .
39.2929 0.4029 -0.0068 0.0213 0.0001 15.9551
1 / 13 .
39.5402 0.0996 0.0531 -0.0009 0.0016 15.8655
1 / 14 .
39.4613 0.3948 0.0142 -0.0019 0.0069 16.0177
1 / 15 .
38.8218 0.4319 -0.0064 0.0774 0.0016 15.8026
1 / 16 .
38.9232 0.2478 0.0053 -0.0017 0.0111 15.7043
1 / 17 .
38.9104 0.205
-0.0001 0.0153 -0.0039 15.6717
1 / 18 .
39.7409 0.1828 0.0003 0.0133 0.0119 15.991
1 / 19 .
39.7515 0.318
0.0076 0.0056 0.0183 16.0853
1 / 20 .
39.5445 0.221
-0.0011 0.0082 0.027
15.9386
1 / 21 .
39.3114 0.273
0.0028 -0.005 0.021
15.8761
1 / 22 .
39.3023 0.6688 0.0102 -0.0016 0.0404 16.1397
1 / 23 .
39.8976 0.2873 0.0232 0.0016 0.0566 16.1338
1 / 24 .
39.6725 0.2822 0.0146 0.0078 0.0418 16.0372
1 / 25 .
39.2602 0.4202 0.011
0.0018 0.0408 15.9605
1 / 26 .
39.6007 0.1729 0.0015 0.0079 0.0145 15.9278
1 / 27 .
39.6921 0.2942 0.0025 0.0061 0.0327 16.0472
1 / 28 .
39.5631 0.1475 0.0044 0.0021 0.0172 15.8957
1 / 29 .
39.5348 0.1364 0.0035 0.0032 0.046
15.8824
1 / 30 .
39.5211 0.2317 0.0096 -0.0014 0.0301 15.9373
1 / 31 .
39.4333 0.2721 0.0044 -0.0013 0.0311 15.9275
1 / 32 .
39.752 0.2081 0.0035 0.0056 0.0339 16.0148
1 / 33 .
39.6608 0.176
0.0094 0.005
0.0316 15.9584
1 / 34 .
39.1895 0.3273 0.0099 -0.0065 0.0464 15.8694
1 / 35 .
39.3256 0.425
0.0185 -0.0079 0.0244 15.9862
1 / 36 .
39.3326 0.3256 0.0073 0.0012 0.0379 15.9253
1 / 37 .
39.2932 0.5335 0.01
-0.0005 0.0033 16.0404
1 / 38 .
39.4986 0.2415 0.0075 -0.0032 0.0594 15.939
1 / 39 .
39.8375 0.1742 -0.0036 -0.0005 0.0035 16.0173
1 / 40 .
38.6951 0.2523 0.2268 -0.0009 0.0011 15.6792
1 / 41 .
39.5329 0.1077 0.0101 0.0076 0.0462 15.866
1 / 42 .
39.5786 0.2082 0.0129 -0.0075 0.0705 15.9514
1 / 43 .
39.7366 0.4289 -0.0006 0.0047 0.0137 16.1489
9 1 / 44 .
1 / 45 .
1 / 46 .
1 / 47 .
1 / 48 .
1 / 49 .
1 / 50 .
1 / 51 .
1 / 52 .
1 / 53 .
1 / 54 .
1 / 55 .
1 / 56 .
1 / 57 .
1 / 58 .
1 / 59 .
1 / 60 .
1 / 61 .
1 / 62 .
1 / 63 .
1 / 64 .
1 / 65 .
1 / 66 .
1 / 67 .
1 / 68 .
1 / 69 .
1 / 70 .
1 / 75 .
1 / 76 .
1 / 77 .
1 / 78 .
1 / 79 .
1 / 80 .
1 / 81 .
1 / 82 .
1 / 83 .
1 / 84 .
1 / 85 .
1 / 86 .
1 / 87 .
1 / 88 .
1 / 89 .
1 / 90 .
1 / 91 .
1 / 92 .
1 / 93 .
1 / 94 .
1 / 95 .
39.3979
39.4801
39.4072
39.5959
39.3805
39.5678
39.5559
39.9215
39.5254
39.6386
39.3555
39.623
38.9488
39.2151
39.1783
38.4951
39.2712
39.7511
39.0091
36.3739
39.5738
39.9922
39.3715
39.3947
39.4606
39.6975
35.518
39.1298
38.6492
39.3873
39.0281
39.053
39.3356
39.4507
39.3031
39.332
39.6728
39.6749
39.5699
40.6609
39.5864
39.6125
39.9486
39.5162
39.6819
39.3043
39.3321
39.535
0.2819
0.3401
0.1478
0.2483
0.3143
0.3829
0.2637
0.4098
0.272
0.2696
0.2361
0.2446
0.2423
0.3517
0.3961
0.3914
0.2188
0.2606
0.2897
0.7
0.0331
0.0154
0.3344
0.4849
0.3122
0.3775
0.3489
0.3272
0.5165
0.4796
0.3547
0.349
0.275
0.2535
0.3332
0.3414
0.2063
0.2019
0.4086
0.1066
0.2282
0.1702
0.1751
0.263
0.2248
0.2867
0.2006
0.2092
0.0027
0.0021
0
0.0115
0.0515
0.0126
0.0266
0.0182
0.0107
0.0401
0.0072
0.0224
0.0219
0.0127
0.0143
0.0122
0.161
0.0155
0.0416
-0.0065
0.0131
0.0101
0.015
0.0149
-0.0035
0.0088
-0.0009
-0.0027
0.0064
0.0153
0.0118
0.0109
0.0024
0.0087
0.0082
0.0103
0.0159
0.0031
0.0088
0.0242
0.0123
0.0294
0.028
0.0138
0.0186
0.0133
0.1275
0.0245
0.0012
-0.0147
0.0076
0.004
-0.0052
-0.0036
0.0108
0.0051
-0.0071
0.0155
-0.0009
0.0007
0.0137
-0.0048
-0.0069
0.0018
0.0042
0.0001
-0.0006
-0.0018
-0.001
-0.0051
-0.0055
0.004
0.0031
0.005
0.0098
0.0013
0.0071
0.0008
-0.0008
0.0269
0.0184
-0.0039
-0.0018
0.0057
0.005
-0.0063
0.0014
-0.0012
-0.002
-0.0047
-0.0094
-0.009
0.0043
-0.0052
0.006
0.0129
0.0208
0.0283
0.0119
0.0517
0.011
0.0249
0.0201
0.0346
0.029
0.0077
0.0131
0.0196
0.0375
0.0575
0.0282
0.0238
0.0129
0.0336
0.0211
0.015
0.0895
0.0691
0.0107
0.0137
0.0112
0.0521
0.0159
0.0353
0.0155
0.0078
0.0103
0.0174
0.0101
0.0218
0.027
0.0503
0.0636
0.0271
0.0088
0.0005
0.0579
0.0209
0.0258
0.0151
0.0122
0.0139
0.0404
0.0483
15.9182
15.9859
15.8329
15.9841
15.9432
16.0547
15.9788
16.2196
15.964
16.0188
15.8704
15.9889
15.725
15.899
15.9081
15.6333
15.8715
16.0509
15.7789
14.9816
15.8395
15.9892
15.942
16.0536
15.9601
16.1092
14.4139
15.8421
15.7755
16.0453
15.8186
15.8337
15.8916
15.921
15.916
15.9399
15.9909
15.9751
16.0698
16.3088
15.9667
15.9364
16.0729
15.9522
15.9979
15.8839
15.8797
15.9398
10 1 / 96 .
39.8614 0.2602
0.0955
-0.0007 0.0146
16.1142
Fe: Range 0 - 4084 ppm; n=91; Mean 148 ppm
Mn: Range 0 -1219 ppm; n=91; Mean 213 ppm
11