Unit 1: The Colonial Era
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1.
Albany
Plan of
Union
5.
Common
Sense
plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin in 1754 that
aimed to unite the 13 colonies for trade, military,
and other purposes; the plan was turned down by
the colonies and the Crown
2.
Benjamin
Franklin
1776: a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine
that claimed the colonies had a right to be an
independent nation
6.
Continental
Congress
American intellectual, inventor, and politician He
helped to negotiate French support for the
American Revolution.
3.
Boston
Tea Party
the legislative assembly composed of
delegates from the rebel colonies who met
during and after the American Revolution
7.
Declaration of
Independence
A 1773 protest against British taxes in which
Boston colonists disguised as Mohawks dumped
valuable tea into Boston Harbor.
4.
Columbian
Exchange
the document recording the proclamation of
the second Continental Congress (4 July
1776) asserting the independence of the
colonies from Great Britain
A global exchange of people, plants, animals,
technology, and disease form Americas to Europe.
Began by Christopher Columbus. brought a
commercial revolution and mercantilism.
8.
Enlightenment
11.
Great
Awakening
A movement in the 18th century that
advocated the use of reason in the
reappraisal of accepted ideas and social
institutions.
9.
(1730s and 1740s) Religious movement
characterized by emotional preaching
(Jonathan Edwards & George Whitefield). The
first cultural movement to unite the Thirteen
Colonies. Associated with the democratization
of religion.
French and
Indian War
12.
Indentured
servant
(1754-1763) War fought in the colonies
between the English and the French for
possession of the Ohio Valley area. The
English won.
10.
Colonists who received free passage to North
America in exchange for working without pay
for a certain number of years
George
Washington
13.
1st President of the United States;
commander-in-chief of the Continental
Army during the American Revolution
(1732-1799)
Intolerable
Acts
A series of laws set up by Parliament to punish
Massachusetts for its protests against the
British
14.
John
Adams
17.
1796; Federalist; notable events include XYZ affair,
the passing of the Alien and Sedition Acts, and his
appointment of John Marshall (Federalist) as Chief
Justice of the Supreme Court and numerous federalist
"midnight judges"
15.
English explorer who helped found the colony at
Jamestown, Virginia
18.
John
Winthrop
John
Locke
17th century English philosopher who opposed the
Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people
have a natural right to life, liberty, and property.
16.
John
Smith
John
Peter
Zenger
Journalist who questioned the policies of the
governor of New York in the 1700's. He was jailed;
he sued, and this court case was the basis for our
freedom of speech and press. He was found not
guilty.
(1588-1649) Leader of the Massachusetts Bay
Colony who led Puritan colonists to
Massachusetts to establish an ideal Christian
community; he later became the colony's first
governor.
19.
Mayflower
Compact
1620 - The first agreement for self-government in
America. It was signed by the 41 men on the
Mayflower and set up a government for the
Plymouth colony.
20.
Mercantilism
23.
Natural
Rights
A set of economic principles based on policies
which stress government regulation of
economic activities to benefit the home
country
21.
Middle
Passage
..., the idea that all humans are born with
rights, which include the right to life, liberty,
and property
24.
Proclamation
of 1763
A voyage that brought enslaved Africans
across the Atlantic Ocean to North America
and the West Indies
22.
A proclamation from the British government
which forbade British colonists from settling
west of the Appalachian Mountains, and
which required any settlers already living
west of the mountains to move back east.
Nathaniel
Bacon
25.
a planter who led a rebellion with one
thousand other Virginians in 1676; the rebels
were mostly frontiersmen forced toward the
backcountry in search of fertile land
Puritan
A religious group who wanted to purify the
Church of England. They came to America for
religious freedom and settled Massachusetts
Bay.
26.
Roger
Williams
29.
Stamp Act
1765; law that taxed printed goods,
including: playing cards, documents,
newspapers, etc.
A dissenter who clashed with the Massachusetts
Puritans over separation of church and state and
was banished in 1636, after which he founded the
colony of Rhode Island to the south
27.
Sugar Act
Salutary
Neglect
An English policy of not strictly enforcing laws in
its colonies
28.
30.
Social
Contract
A voluntary agreement among individuals to secure
their rights and welfare by creating a government
and abiding by its rules.
(1764) British deeply in debt partly to
French & Indian War. English Parliament
placed a tariff on sugar, coffee, wines, and
molasses. colonists avoided the tax by
smuggling and by bribing tax collectors.
31.
Taxation
Without
Representation
The colonists were angry because they had
to pay taxes to England but they did not get
to have a representative in the English
Parliament.
32.
Thomas
Jefferson
35.
Virginia
House of
Burgesses
The first representative assembly,or legislature in
the English colonies
36.
William
Penn
..., Virginian, architect, author, governor, and
president. Lived at Monticello. Wrote the
Declaration of Independence. Second governor
of Virgina. Third president of the United States.
Designed the buildings of the University of
Virginia.
33.
Thomas
Paine
A Quaker that founded Pennsylvania to establish
a place where his people and others could live in
peace and be free from persecution.
American Revolutionary leader and pamphleteer
(born in England) who supported the American
colonist's fight for independence and supported
the French Revolution (1737-1809)
34.
Triangular
trade
A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s
Africa sent slaves to America, America sent Raw
Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and
Rum to Africa