Spanish colonial society
Penisulares
Spanish­born
Power
Creoles
Mestizos
Mulattos
Spaniards born in Latin America
persons of mixed European and
Indian ancestry
persons of mixed European and African ancestry
Africans ­Slaves
Indians
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Whites used brutal methods to terrorize and dehumanize them, trying to keep them powerless; slaves outnumbered their masters.
Toussaint L'Ouverture became the leader of the revolution, but the French imprisoned him. Then General Dessalines took over the rebellion.
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Motivated by Enlightenment ideals, creoles finally revolted against Spanish colonial rule when Napoleon made his brother King of Spain
With the cry of Dolores, Padre Miguel Hidalgo called upon peasants
to rebel against Spanish rule.
Bolivar used suprise tactics todefeat the Spanish in Bogota. San Martin, w/ Bernardo O'Higgins, drove the Spanish out of Chile. They all met in Ecuador and Bolivar to command to win independence for Peru.
Indians and mestizos began the revolution; later, creoles, fearing
the loss of privileges under a new liberal regime in Spain, supported
independence.
Brazil
How did Brazil gain it's independence from Portugal?
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