Drawing Conventions
Orthographic projection
plan (site plan, floor plan, roof plan, rcp)
section
elevation
Objective
Measurable
Ideal, abstraction
Paraline projection
axonometric projections
oblique projections
isometric projections
Multiple Faces Simultaneously
Perspective projection
1-point perspective
2-point perspective
3-point perspective
Diagramming
drawing information
sequence/series
cutaways and exploded
collage/composite
Subjective
Position, Orientation, Field of View, Rotation
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introduction
paraline projections
El Lissitzky "Proun", 1923, Öl auf Leinwand
drawing conventions
axonometric drawings
-axonometric drawings – axis measure
-all vertical lines remain vertical
-all parallel lines remain parallel
-all lines parallel to X-Y-Z axes can be drawn to scale
Y axis
-all facets of the form parallel to the drawing surface are represented without foreshortening or distortion - they retain their true
size (to scale), shape and proportion
drawing conventions
axonometric drawings
Isometric
-all three surfaces have equal emphasis
-relatively inflexible
-orthographic plans and elevations can never be
used in an isometric drawing
Plan Oblique
Elevation Oblique
-a 45-45 degree oblique has a higher angle of view
than an isometric, and horizontal planes receive more
emphasis
-orthographic plan views can be utilized - this is
advantageous in showing the true form of horizontal
planes and in depicting circular forms in plan
-a vertical plane remains parallel to the drawing
surface, showing itself in true size (to scale),
shape and proportion - this face of the building
should be the length of the building, the most
significant face, or the most complex
drawing conventions
oblique drawings
Elevation Oblique
Plan Oblique
axonometric drawings
paraline projections
drawing an axonometric
drawing conventions
paraline projections
using an axonometric
drawing conventions
paraline projections
using an axonometric
drawing conventions
paraline projections
using an axonometric
drawing conventions
paraline projections
using an axonometric
drawing conventions
diagramming
Structural components
analytical drawing
diagramming
Building Systems HVAC
analytical drawing
diagramming
Building Skin
analytical drawing
spatial transformations
cutaways and exploded drawings
-cutaway and exploded views are
used to expose the interior
conditions in context with the
exterior.
-this technique is used when it is
important to view both interior and
exterior conditions.
-the cut should be made following
the section technique, showing the
depth of the objects behind the cut.
-the difference from the section is
that here an additional three
dimensional drawing technique is
also used: paraline projection or
perspective.
process drawing
spatial transformations
cutaways and exploded drawings
-the exploded view is typically used
with a paraline projection type
drawing. Use of the perspective will
cause unusually distortion or having
receding items too small for legibility.
-this technique is used over the
cutaway when there is the desire to
compare multiple interior/exterior
items, clarify the relation of multiple
systems, or show the interior
compositions/assembly
process drawing
exploded axonometric drawing
Different building components….
Massing
structural grid
enclosures
circulation
exploded axonometric drawing
Structural components
exploded axonometric drawing
Structural components:
massing
structure
exploded axonometric drawing
Structural components:
diagramming
Detail
spatial transformations
cutaways and exploded drawings
process drawing