ChildFund
Response Strategy to Super Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda)
Photo: ChildFund, November 2013
ChildFund: Response Strategy to Super Typhoon Hayain (Yolanda)
November, 2013
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Program country name
Philippines
Target locations
Three worst hit regions by the disaster: Eastern Visayas, Western Visayas and Central Visayas
Target participants/beneficiaries
10,000 families in 10 affected areas; 50,000 people out of which 20,000 are children.
Proposed interventions
Phase 1: Relief Phase (3-6 months)
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•
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Distribution of food and non-food items (NFI)s
Establishment of child-centered-spaces (CCS) as an entry point for child protection
(CP) response
Early Childhood Development (ECD) and Basic Education
Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition
Phase 2: Recovery Phase (6-12 months)
•
•
•
Livelihood Recovery
Strengthening community-based child protection mechanisms and referral pathways
linked with CCS above
Capacity Building on Disaster Risk Management (DRM) /Emergency Response (ER)
Response duration
12 months (November 2013-October 2014)
Cost requirements
US$ 3M for immediate needs
US$ 7M for recovery
Contact details of responsible
person
Katherine Manik, National Director, ChildFund Philippines
[email protected]
+632 6311575 local 102
ChildFund: Response Strategy to Super Typhoon Hayain (Yolanda)
November, 2013
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1.
Background
th
Early morning November 8 , a 600km diameter super typhoon named ‘Yolanda’ (international name Haiyan) made landfall in
the eastern Philippines, with average wind speeds of 290kph, comparable to a category 5 hurricane. Despite extensive advance
preparations, such as activation of local Disaster Risk Reduction Councils in 58 areas in the Visayas region, closing of schools and
workplaces, and the evacuation of 792,000 people from 37 provinces, the super typhoon’s ferocity has left a path of
destruction in the Visayas region. The worst hit areas include the islands of Samar, Leyte, Cebu, Bohol and Iloilo.
For the first two weeks, information from these
hard hit areas is still sparse with communication
channels largely cut off. However, available
information confirms that there is a severe
scarcity of food, drinking water, sanitation
facilities, and medical supplies. Additionally, vast
swathes of housing have been destroyed, roads
are cut off, refueling stations inoperable, and
there is no electricity. Accordingly, there is a
desperate need for food, water, and non-food
items, shelter, medication and primary health
care. The lack of access to the worst affected
areas is making the delivery of relief virtually
impossible; airports are severely damaged and
roads are impassable.
As indicated in various UN-OCHA, NDRRMC and UNICEF reports, the super typhoon has left the following impact:
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13.2 million people affected
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4 million children affected
7,488 Barangays affected
673,000 displaced
1,316 evacuation centers
264,774 outside centers
1,774 Confirmed deaths
No electricity/communication in Leyte, Negros, Cadiz
President Benigno Aquino III already declared a state of national calamity "to hasten the action of the government to rescue,
provide help, and rehabilitate the provinces affected by Yolanda."
Initial information also indicates that damage to health and education facilities and services as well as sources of income is also
extensive:
Sector
Extent of damage and needs (based on Nov 12 data primarily from the UN Appeal)
Early Childhood Development
(ECD)
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•
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At least 183,976 pre-school and school-aged children have been displaced
Need psychosocial support for children, parents, and educators
9,648 day care centers serving over 300,000 preschoolers affected
Need safe and protected spaces to play and resume studying
Education
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•
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11,919 schools servicing 4.4 million students affected
Need to clean, repair, or rebuild schools
Need psychosocial support for children, parents, and educators
Damaged or lost teaching and learning materials
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UNICEF (10 November 2013). As Number of Children Affected by Super Typhoon Haiyan Rises to 4 Million, UNICEF steps up emergency
response. Retrieved from http://www.unicef.org/media/media_70853.html on November 12, 2013.
ChildFund: Response Strategy to Super Typhoon Hayain (Yolanda)
November, 2013
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Health/Reproductive
Health/Nutrition
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95,270 pregnant & 190,540 lactating women affected
4,660 pregnant & 8,990 lactating women in evacuation centers
High risk of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality as many health
facilities and birthing clinics have been destroyed or damaged
High risk of malnutrition due to WASH/health facility damage
Estimated 660,000 displaced people need essential health services
Water & Sanitation
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Water systems are damaged and non-operational in many ways.
Ground water supplies are contaminated.
There are collapsed toilets in damaged houses
Livelihood
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Estimated 4 million workers affected
Livelihood infrastructure such as farm-to-market roads, fishing boat landing sites
and field irrigation has been destroyed
373,202,023PHP worth of agriculture destroyed
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Estimated 500,000 houses severely affected
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Shelter
2. Needs Assessment
The Government has accepted the international assistance and the UN Appeal was already launched on Nov 12 initially
identifying a total of $301 million to provide humanitarian assistance to those affected. The Action Plan aims to provide
targeted support to the affected people in the hardest hit regions, in support of the Government’s response to address urgent
humanitarian needs over the next six months (November 2013 – May 2014). The Appeal identified the following emerging
needs:
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a.
Immediate threats to life
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Lack of safe drinking water
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Lack of shelter
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Trauma injuries, especially if untreated
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Other acute medical conditions (including contagious diseases)
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Disruption of treatment for severe acute malnutrition and for severe chronic diseases
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Lack of sufficient food
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Lack of access to sanitation and personal hygiene items
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Lack of household items and supplies especially for food preparation
b.
Medium-term threats
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Lack of access to primary health care and treatment for other medical conditions
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Moderate acute malnutrition
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Psychosocial malaise
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Disruption of education
•
Disruption of livelihood
Yves, from Ormoc: My one-year old son
Right after the super typhoon struck, ChildFund deployed its emergency
response team in some of the hard-hit areas. As the assessment team
reached the affected areas, they have seen the magnitude of
destruction caused by the super typhoon.
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Philippines: Typhoon Haiyan Action Plan, November 2013.
ChildFund: Response Strategy to Super Typhoon Hayain (Yolanda)
November, 2013
wanted to run out to play in the rain. He didn't
understand how dangerous it was. I admit
even I didn't know just how powerful it would
be. We thought it was over by noon, when the
sun came out, but it turned out to just be the
eye of the typhoon. When the wind and rain
picked up again, it was stronger than in the
morning, and when it was over, we had no
more home to return to.
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3.
ChildFund’s Initial Response
Addressing the immediate needs of affected families and children, ChildFund has launched an emergency response and started
to implement activities in Ormoc, Iloilo, Roxas City and Bantayan Island. The initial intervention includes:
• Providing initial activities for children in 12 evacuation centers in five areas;
• Distribution of 8,000 food packs to families in five areas; and
• Distribution of 1,000 non-food item (NFI) kits (including bath soap, sanitary pads, laundry soap, blankets and cooking
utensils) to families in the target areas.
A forward base has also been established in Cebu City, Philippine’s second largest city, to support logistics and coordination
needs with supplies being channeled through hubs in Iloilo and Baybay. Detailed assessments are also underway to identify the
specific needs of children and their families in the affected areas in Eastern and Western Visayas.
4.
Childfund in the Philippines
ChildFund has worked in the Philippines for over 40 years in the area of child and community development. Working with
community-based partner organizations, our approach is based on a participatory model that engages broad community
involvement, and coordinates with local government structures. ChildFund with its local partners deliver child-focused
programs in the areas of early childhood development, basic education, health and nutrition, child protection, youth civic
engagement and leadership to over 480,000 program participants annually. ChildFund has also implemented in the past a
number of emergency response programs arising from typhoons, earthquakes and inter-communal conflicts. This strong,
established network enabled ChildFund to be one of the first development agencies to respond after the super typhoon struck.
ChildFund’s emergency response team was immediately deployed to support the country team.
5.
Child Protection at the heart of ChildFund’s Emergency Response
The typhoon has clearly left huge damage and devastation on the lives of more than 13 million people. This includes the loss of
significant lives in some of the worst-affected areas specifically in Leyte Province. According to UN OCHA situation reports, 42
per cent of the 13.2 million people affected are children. This clearly leaves a huge psychosocial impact on the affected families
especially women and children. The super typhoon also brought huge displacement as families lost their houses and are now in
evacuation centers. Living in evacuation centers can bring a lot of protection and health issues especially on women and
children.
Given this level of impact, ChildFund as a child-focused organization is having an organizational response with the overall
objective of protecting children and families in emergencies.
Child Protection is the centerpiece of ChildFund emergency programs. During emergencies, children’s vulnerability increases;
while parents’ and caregivers’ energy and attention is focused on satisfying basic needs such as finding shelter, food, water and
emergency assistance. Children are often left unsupervised in chaotic situations, increasing their susceptibility to abuse,
exploitation, and harassment. Children are often separated from loved ones, and exposed to levels of violence and destruction
that have long term effects on their psychological and physical development.
Early assessment reports indicate that more than 180,000 pre-school and school age children are currently displaced following
typhoon Haiyan, and 12,000 public elementary schools and 10,000 day care centers, serving about 4.7 million children, are
affected. The UNHCR Protection Assessment of November 11th, 2013, indicates that women and children in particular are
traumatized and that urgent stress debriefing is needed to protect them. Compounding issues are begging by children in the
streets for donations, creating risks to physical security. It is estimated that almost 40% of the affected population are children.
The immediate child protection concern outlined in the UN Action Plan, aligned with the Comprehensive Plan on Child
Protection by the Committee for the Special Protection of Children, is to support the Government in establishing safe and
secure child-friendly spaces for boys and girls of all ages where psychosocial support and thematic learning sessions can be
ChildFund: Response Strategy to Super Typhoon Hayain (Yolanda)
November, 2013
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conducted, ensuring functioning referral mechanisms for separated and unaccompanied children for tracing and care in
partnership with Philippines Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), working with children and parents to
identify and mitigate against risks to children in evacuation centers and affected communities, and providing support to
children and parents in protecting themselves and their children from abuse and violence.
According to an update from the Philippines Child Protection Working Group (CPWG) on 25th November, there is an urgent
need for safe temporary learning spaces for children and the reestablishment of community-based child protection networks.
The CPWG saw child trafficking increase by 10% during Typhoon Washi in 2011. The CPWG identifies the key risks to children to
be; psychosocial distress, child labor, physical violence and other harmful practices, sexual violence, and separation from
families.
Align with the CPWG priority to provide safe temporary learning spaces for children, the establishment of Child Centered
Spaces (CCS) is ChildFund’s entry point to child
protection programming in emergencies. CCS’
promote and enable children’s rights to
protection and psychosocial well-being. CCS’
Sunny, age 13, a ChildFund program participant: “I
create safe spaces for children and youth to
was in the school (evacuation center) with my family
play, socialize, learn, and express themselves in
when the storm hit. The wind was furious and
a caring and supportive environment especially
howling. The noise was deafening. It went on for
when community structures such as Early
hours. It was dark outside and the school was shaking.
Childhood Centers (ECD)s and schools are badly
I was very scared. Everyone was screaming and crying
damaged in many areas.
CCS’ Protection Services. The CCS will act as a
referral pathway for services needed by children
and adolescents with particular protection
needs and vulnerabilities. Children with
handicaps and disabilities, survivors of violence,
gender-based violence and abuse, can be
supported. This is also an opportunity to
identify the most vulnerable children and
families and to advocate on their behalf to gain
access to services.
and praying. I could hear houses being smashed away
and I thought the school would be next. When the
storm ended, we went outside and could not believe
the destruction. [I thought] It was the end of the
world. We’re lucky to be alive.”
ChildFund is committed to establishing and operating CCS’ for 3 months as an entry point for strengthening or re-building
community-based child protection mechanisms which have become non-functional in areas most-affected by the typhoon. The
transition from a CCS into a community based model is critical to development of sustainable child protection systems. This
holistic approach allows ChildFund to address the needs of children throughout the emergency response but also engages
community responsibility and leadership in improving community structures and protection mechanisms that will continue to
protect children during the recovery of their community and throughout their development. ChildFund will strengthen and
support existing community based structures to improve community skills in emergency response and planning and further
ensure commitment to child rights and protection.
Annex A provides a more detailed description of CCS.
ChildFund: Response Strategy to Super Typhoon Hayain (Yolanda)
November, 2013
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6.
Addressing the Needs: Program Response Objectives and Interventions
With child protection as the overall framework of ChildFund’s emergency response program, the objectives and proposed
interventions are:
Overall Objective
Families and children affected by the super typhoon in the Philippines are provided with an integrated response addressing
their well-being, development and protection needs during the relief and early recovery stage.
Proposed Interventions
ChildFund response is divided into two phases: relief and recovery. Interventions will be in the areas of:
Relief Stage
Recovery Stage
• Food items
• Non-food items (NFI)s
• Child-Centered Spaces (CCS) including access to
safe drinking water
• Restoring Livelihood
• Strengthening community-based
child protection mechanisms and
structures linked with CCS
• DRM and Emergency Response
Training/Capacity Building
• Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Needs
• Basic education through temporary learning
spaces
Relief Stage:
Food and Non Food Item (NFI)s. To meet immediate life-saving needs, ChildFund will provide food and non-food (NFI)s items to
affected families. ChildFund Packages will be based on the standardized package being distributed by the Philippines
Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD). Each food package will comprise of rice, canned goods, packs of
instant noodles, and packs of coffee. Each NFI kit will include hygiene and cleaning items, blankets, towels and cooking utensils.
Child Centered Spaces (CCS). Specifically during the initial stage of emergency response, child centered spaces (CCS) serve as a
quick intervention that integrate education, water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services, psychosocial interventions, and
child-protection mechanisms. Access to safe drinking water - Water purifiers will also be provided to CCS and select evacuation
centers to ensure that there is safe access to drinking water given that water sources are mostly contaminated.
Supporting basic education. To promote access to quality education for all school-age children affected by the typhoon,
ChildFund will support the establishment of temporary learning spaces and the provision of training and instructional materials
on Education in Emergencies (EiE). It will also build the capacity of the school community to prepare for disasters by providing
training and technical support to incorporate DRM into School Improvement Plans (SIPs).
Addressing Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition. To reduce risk to nutrition related mortality and morbidity, ChildFund will
implement activities that will lead to: (i) Decrease in incidence of severe acute malnutrition among under five children; (ii)
Increase in breastfeeding and infant and young child feeding practices among mothers; and (iii) Decrease in incidence of
micronutrient deficiency among children 6-59 months and pregnant and lactating women (PLW) .
Recovery Stage:
Livelihood Recovery. ChildFund will support economic recovery of typhoon affected families who lost their primary means of
livelihood at the agricultural and non-agricultural sector. The Livelihood Recovery will serve as “pump priming” mechanisms to
assist the families reengage in their means of livelihood through referral to government bodies offering social protection
support, upgrading training and providing implement/materials assistance support.
ChildFund: Response Strategy to Super Typhoon Hayain (Yolanda)
November, 2013
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Strengthening community-based child protection mechanisms. With CCS as an entry point for child protection programming,
ChildFund will support the reactivation and strengthening of community-based child protection structures, including the
Barangay Councils for the Protection of Children (BCPCs).
Disaster Risk Management (DRM) and Emergency Response. Training on DRM and ER to ensure that communities are better
prepared for disasters. Community members including children will be mobilized to identify and mitigate risks. DRM will be a
cross-cutting element of any recovery program across the different sectors.
Annex B provides an initial list of interventions proposed by ChildFund
6.
Geographical Priorities
ChildFund’s response is targeted to support affected families in the three Regions of Eastern Visayas, Western Visayas and
Central Visayas. The following areas/municipalities have been initially identified based on the results of assessment from
the Government, UN OCHA and ChildFund’s initial rapid assessment:
Region
Province
Eastern
Visayas
Leyte
Western
Visayas
Central
Visayas
Municipality
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Ormoc
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Palo
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Tolosa
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Tanauan
Iloilo
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•
Carles
Concepcion
Pilar
Capiz
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Roxas City
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Bantayan Island
(short-term)
Cebu
7. Cost Requirements
ChildFund’s projected overall strategy will be US$ 10M (ten million US dollars) to respond to both immediate and early
recovery needs. Another US$2M (two million US dollars) will be required for program support costs.
8. Management
Overall responsibility for emergency response program implementation and compliance rests with Childfund Philippines’
National Director supported by an emergency response team.
9. Timeframe
The response strategy will be implemented over a 12 month period, November 2013-October 2014.
ChildFund: Response Strategy to Super Typhoon Hayain (Yolanda)
November, 2013
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Annex A: What is CCS?
What is CCS? Why does ChildFund use this as a child protection intervention?
Child Protection is the centerpiece of ChildFund International’s emergency programs. During emergencies,
children’s vulnerability is increased; while parents’ and caregivers’ energy and attentions are focused on finding
shelter, food, water and emergency assistance, children are often left unsupervised in chaotic situations,
increasing their susceptibility to abuse, exploitation, and harassment. Children are often separated from loved
ones, and exposed to levels of violence and destruction that have long term effects on their psychological and
physical development.
ChildFund establishes Child Centered Spaces (CCS) immediately following an emergency to promote and enable
children’s rights to protection and psychosocial well-being. CCS’ create safe spaces for children and youth to
play, socialize, learn, and express themselves in a caring and supportive environment. Child Centered Spaces
provide the following:
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Psychosocial care and support and referral to specialist services: Support will be provided to
facilitators to enable them to provide basic support to children dealing with distress and shock from
their situations, and ability to recognize children who need to be referred for more specialized
services, where available.
Age-appropriate informal educational activities: Children and adolescents attending CCS will be
supported with literacy, numeracy and life skills classes through structured and supervised activities.
Health and hygiene education: Essential messages on health and hygiene promotion will be taught in
the CCS to mitigate risk of spread of communicable and messages can be passed on to families and
communities.
Recreational and sports activities for girls and boys: Safe and secure facilities will be provided and
age and gender sensitive recreation materials distributed to allow children a return to normalcy.
Improved or additional water and sanitation facilities: Safe drinking water provided to children in the
CCS. Sanitation considerations, such as soap and hand-washing facilities will be installed. ChildFund
will provide support in rehabilitation of existing toilets, if required.
Protection services: The CCS will act as a referral pathway for services needed by children and
adolescents with particular protection needs and vulnerabilities. Children with handicaps and
disabilities, survivors of violence, gender-based violence and abuse, can be supported. This is also an
opportunity to identify the most vulnerable children and families and to advocate on their behalf to
gain access to services.
Some child centered spaces are mobile, located at aid distribution sites or in evacuation centers. While
mothers and fathers stand in the long distribution lines to secure water, food and basic supplies, they have
a safe place for their children. In some cases, they will be located in existing ECD centers or schools, if
these structures still exist and if these are found to be safe after the disaster.
ChildFund: Response Strategy to Super Typhoon Hayain (Yolanda)
November, 2013
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Annex B: List of interventions
Proposed Interventions
Target
Phase 1: Addressing Immediate Needs
US$ 3M
Food
Distribution of basic food items for 10,000 families
10,000-15,000
packs (2 rounds)
= 20-30k packs
NFIs
Distribution of basic non-food items (NFI)s for 10,000
families
10-15,000 packs
CCS
Establishment of CCS’ as temporary learning spaces for
children.
30 CCS
Immediate
health
needs/WASH in
CCS
Disease Prevention and Control
10,000 families
a.
Environmental health and sanitation
•
provide toilets
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ensure water supply
•
ensure safe drinking water
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manage waste
•
provide sanitary hygiene kits
b.
Nutrition
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Breastfeeding education
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Micronutrient supplementation
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Supplemental feeding programs for the
acute and severely malnourished
c.
Ensuring provision of primary health care services
•
Child immunization
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Control of respiratory
infections/pneumonia
•
Control of diarrheal diseases
•
Care of pregnant women and
vulnerable children
Phase 2: Addressing Early Recovery Needs
Child Protection
Early Childhood
Development
(ECD)
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•
US$ 7M
Strengthening/Re-establishing of community-based
child protection systems and structures
TBD
Psychosocial support for children, parents, and ECD
workers
Rehabilitation and equipping of ECD centers
TBD
ChildFund: Response Strategy to Super Typhoon Hayain (Yolanda)
Estimated Cost
Requirements (US$)
November, 2013
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Education
Build the capacities of school administrators,
teachers, para-teachers on Education in emergencies
Psychosocial support for children, parents and
teachers
Rehabilitation and equipping of schools
Provision of learning materials for children and
teaching materials for teachers
TBD
Support repair and rehabilitation of primary health
facilities
Provide basic health equipment such as
stethoscopes, BP apparatus, spot lights, examining
tables, scissors, OB kits, forceps and needle holders
Provide initial stock of basic and essential drugs
Capacity building for new staff and health volunteers
Support re/organization of barangay health teams
TBD
Rebuilding affected families’ livelihood activities
specifically farming and fishing as the affected areas are
largely coastal and agricultural areas. Interventions will
include:
TBD
•
•
•
•
Health/Nutrition
•
•
•
•
•
Livelihood
o Provision of production technical support
o Provision of agricultural inputs ( i.e.
implements/tools)
o Fishing gear and equipment
o Crop production
o Animal husbandry
seeds,
Capacity Building
on
DRM/Emergency
Response
Training on DRM and ER to ensure that communities are
better prepared for disasters; Identifying and mitigating
risks.
TBD
Networking
BCPCs and DRM
Committees
Network strengthened or reestablished BCPCs to
community based DRM committees for a child centered
emergency prevention and response mechanism.
TBD
Program
Requirements
US$ 10,000,000
Program Support
US$2,000,000
Total
Requirements
ChildFund: Response Strategy to Super Typhoon Hayain (Yolanda)
US$ 12,000,000
November, 2013
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