CHRONIC DISEASES
GLOBAL STATUS AND ROADMAP
What are chronic diseases ?
Chronic Diseases,
are not passed from person to person (Noncommunicable) and they
are of long duration and generally slow progression.
of all deaths worldwide are due to
chronic diseases.
(Estimated number of 38 million per year)
65%
3
out of
42%
4
deaths from chronic diseases occur in low and
middle income countries.
of the victims of chronic diseases are
under 70 years old, whereas
for low income countries this
percentage raises to
82%
4 main groups of diseases account for the majority of the world wide
mortality burden by chronic diseases:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Cardiovascular Diseases (46%)
Cancers (22%)
Respiratory Diseases (11%)
Diabetes(4%)
Mental Disorders
Mental disorders are another highly important group of chronic
diseases since they is strongly linked with all others ,
causes and consequences,
but also in terms of their prevention and management.
not only with respect to their
Common Misunderstandings
Several misunderstanding have contributed
to this neglect
Misunderstanding
1
Misunderstanding
2
Chronic diseases
cannot be prevented
The major causes of chronic diseases
are known and if these risk factors
are eliminated some major
difficulties of chronic diseases will be
addressed
4
75%
of chronic disease
deaths are in low and middle income
countries
Misunderstanding
6
Chronic diseases
affect primarily
men
Chronic diseases, including
heart diseases, affect women
and men almost equally
Misunderstanding
3
Chronic diseases
are the result of
unhealthy lifestyle
Individual responsibility can be considered
only when individuals have access to
healthy life and are supported to make
healthy choices
Misunderstanding
Chronic diseases
mainly affect high
income countries
of chronic diseases
Chronic disease
prevention and control
is too expensive
A full range of chronic diseases
interventions are very cost-effective,
whereas many of the available
solutions are inexpensive
Misunderstanding
5
Low and middle income countries should control infectious
diseases before chronic diseases
Low and middle income countries are at the center of a variety of health challenges.
While the solution of the problem of infectious diseases still remains of fundamental
importance, in many cases there has been incidents of rapid upsurge in chronic
disease risk factors and deaths. These risk levels foretell a devastating future of
chronic diseases.
Misunderstanding
7
Chronic diseases
affect primarily
old people
Almost half of chronic disease
deaths occur prematurely in
people under 70 years old
Misunderstanding
8
Chronic diseases
mainly affect
rich people
In all but the least developed countries of the world,
poor people are as much likely than the wealthy to
develop chronic diseases.
Everywhere in the world poor people are more likely
to die as a result of a chronic disease.
Global Objectives
Six Main Global Objectives have been identified
by the World Health Organization for the
prevention and control of chronic diseases
1
2
3
5
4
6
Make the prevention
and control a priority
Strengthen national capacities and leadership
Reduce modifiable
risk factors
Strengthen health systems
Promote high-quality research
Monitor trends of disease
Global Targets for 2015
• 25% reduction in deaths of people under 70 years old from
cardiovascular diseases, cancer, respiratory diseases and
diabetes
• 10% reduction in the harmful use of alcohol
• 10% reduction in prevalence of insufficient physical
exercise
• 30% relative reduction in salt intake
• 30% reduction of the current tobacco use
• 25% reduction in prevalence of high blood pressure
• Halt the rise of diabetes and obesity
• Ensure that 50% of people receive preventive therapy for
heart attacks and strokes
• Establish 80% availability of affordable technology and
medicine to treat Chronic Diseases
REFERENES:
[1] "Preventing Chronic Diseases. A Vital Investment: WHO Global Report”. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2005. ISBN 9241563001. Available at:
http://www.who.int/chp/chronic_disease_report/en/
[2] “NonCommunicable Diseases: Fact sheet”. World Health Organization. Updated January 2015. Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs355/en/
[3] “Integrating the response of mental disorders and other chronic diseases in health care systems”. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2014. ISBN 9789241506793 Available at:
http://www.who.int/mental_health/publications/gulbenkian_paper_integrating_mental_disorders/en/
[4] “Global action plan for the prevention and control of NCDs 2013-2020”, ”. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2013. ISBN 9789241506236. Available at:
http://www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd-action-plan/en/
Workshop on Mobile Healthcare for the Self-Management of Chronic Diseases and the Empowerment of Patients
In Conjunction with MobileHCI 2016, Florence, Italy
myaircoach.eu/mobilehci2016/
The current workshop is supported by EU funded project MyAirCoach (Grand Agreement no: 643607)