Mexican-­‐American Language (Chicano English) Common Rules List Linguistic Feature 1. /th/ Sound (digraphs) 2. “Z” Sound 3. “V” Sound 4. Consonant Clusters 5. Vowel Pairs/ homophones 6. Circumflex Intonation 7. Breath H (Nahuatl influenced) 8. Stress Patterns 14. Topicalization 15. Present Tense Copula Verb 16. Prepositional Variation The firemen saved many lifes. She don’ mine if you talk. The firemen saved many lives. She doesn’t mind if you talk. Do you have a pin? Do you have a pen? Doont be baaad. Don’t be bad. Miguel wore a hwite hat. Miguel wore a white hat. Yesterday, he start selling newspapers. He always ditch school. Category: Syntax Example He don’t have no friends. Mom was all lost on the way to my Tia’s. This game is new, it barely came out. My brother he’s going to the movies. This … a school. He was sitting in the couch. The Pharaohs were the kings in Egypt. 17. Prepositional Variation There’s a big tree with leaves on them. 18. Subject Variation Linguistic Feature 19. Indefinite Article 20. Third Person Singular 21. Past Tense Auxiliary Verb 22. Reflexive Pronoun Translation This teacher is mean. Raise the flag! I get paid tooday. Category: Markers (Morphemes) Example Thuh apple is in thee basket. Linguistic Feature 9. Changing “Thee/ Thuh” Rule 10. The Past Tense Marker “ed” 11. Plural Marker Linguistic Feature 12. Multiple Negation 13. Intensifiers Category: Sounds Example Dis teacher is mean. Race the flag! Is washing his hair. I get paid today. Translation The apple is in the basket. Yesterday, he started selling newspapers. He always ditches school. Translation He doesn’t have any friends. Mom was very lost on the way to my Tia’s. This game is new, it just came out. My brother is going to the movies. This is a school. He was sitting on the couch. The Pharaohs were the kings of Egypt. There’s a big tree with leaves on it. He is washing his hair. Category: Regularized Patterns Example Translation She has a umbrella. She has an umbrella. He jump rope to get into shape. He jumps rope to get into shape. We was driving down the street. We were driving down the street. Now they can do it by theirselves. Now they can do it by themselves.