Daily English Vocab
PDF 20th Dec 2016
Questions from a washout
That the winter session would be washed out had been clear for a while. With the Opposition
parties mustering all their disruptive (बाधाकारी) tactics (रणनीति/चाल) to stall the functioning of both
Houses, insisting on maximalist demands on just how the debate on demonetization should be
structured, hopes for any substantive work had diminished. In the event, the session also left a
hysterical (उन्मत्त) afterglow, with Prime Minister Narendra Modi telling a gathering in Gujarat that
he had to speak his mind in a “jan sabha” (people’s meet) as the Opposition wouldn’t let him do
so in Parliament; and Rahul Gandhi, vice-president of the Congress party, complaining that he was
not allowed to make earth-shattering disclosures on the floor of the House, but then keeping them
close to his chest outside. With theatrics such as these, both the Government and the Opposition
have left a question hanging in the politically charged air: what was the point? What did either side
gain by bringing Indian parliamentary democracy’s most deliberative (तिचारात्मक/तिमर्शी) process to
a grinding halt (रुकािट/बाधा होना)? Just two bills were passed, one of them a money bill that did not
need the Rajya Sabha’s nod. According to the think tank PRS Legislative Research, less than 1 per
cent of the 330 questions listed for Question Hour in the Rajya Sabha were answered orally. The
Lok Sabha looked better only in comparison, with 11 per cent.
Given what was at stake in the session, the abandonment (पररत्यक्तिा/अपसर्जन /छोड़ना) of the spirit of
give-and-take that keeps the legislative schedule humming was baffling (तिस्मयकारी /चक्कर में डालने
िाला/हैरान करनेिाला). The government has staked much political capital on key financial reforms that
need cooperation across the aisles (रास्िा) (“means all those were concerned to the matter in this
case it is political”). It lost the chance to pass bills critical to the April 1, 2017, deadline for the
rollout of the Goods and Services Tax. It also failed to end the session on a note of federal
cooperation to set up the shift to Budget day to February 1 from next year. The Opposition, for its
part, has clearly taken its cue from the BJP’s playbook. By forcing adjournments (स्थगन) while in
opposition, it was successful in reinforcing the impression of a policy paralysis in the second UPA
government. But the Congress has a point to prove other than what the BJP did then. To reestablish itself as a viable (तिकासक्षम) option for voters, the Congress needs to share its vision and
road map in the Rahul Gandhi era. The floor of the House, with a tempered debate and questioning
as a constructive party of opposition, is a key venue for that. Basic self-interest demands that
government and opposition avert (टालना/बचना) the possibility of the Budget session meeting the
same fate as this one.
(Courtesy: The Hindu)
1. Disruptive (adjective): Characterized by unrest or disorder or insubordination (बाधाकारी)
 Synonyms: Troublemaking, Troublesome, Disorderly, Undisciplined, Turbulent.
 Antonyms: Calmed, Soothed, Disciplined.
Example: Coming to class late is quite disruptive to the other students.
Verb forms: disrupt, disrupted, disrupted.
Related words:
 Disrupt (verb) : बाधा डालना

Disruptions (noun) – विघटन
2. Tactic (noun): An action or strategy carefully planned to achieve a specific end. (रणनीति/चाल)
 Synonyms: Strategy, Scheme, Stratagem, Plan, Manoeuvre.
 Antonyms: Simplicity, Normality.
Example: In order to achieve the win, the coach showed his team the best tactic to perform.
Related words:
 Tactical (adjective) - कार्यनीविक
3. Hysterical (adjective): Affected by or deriving from wildly uncontrolled emotion. (उन्मत्त)
 Synonyms: Overwrought, Emotional, Uncontrolled, Unrestrained, Frenzied.
 Antonyms: Balanced, Calm, Controlled, Indifferent, Mild, Moderate, Peaceful, Pleased.
Example: When you are faced with danger, it is very important for you to not become hysterical
and think about it in a calm manner.
Related words:
 Hysteria (noun) - उन्माद
4. Deliberative (adjective): Relating to or intended for consideration or discussion.
(तिचारात्मक/तिमर्शी)
 Synonyms: Contemplate, Pondering, Opining, Purposeful.
 Antonyms: Stillness, Quietness, Muteness.
Example: I cannot give the proposal the deliberation it deserves because I am facing a tight
deadline.
Verb forms: Deliberate, Deliberated, Deliberated.
Related words:
 Deliberate (verb) – विचार करना

Deliberately (adverb) – विचारपिू यक

Deliberation (noun) – विचार विमर्य
5. Halt (noun): A suspension of movement or activity, typically a temporary one. (रुकािट/बाधा होना)
 Synonyms: Stop, Standstill, Cessation, Termination, Stoppage, Discontinuation.
 Antonyms: Continuation, Beginning, Start, Endurance, Perseverance.
Example: Production at the factory was halted when one of the machines broke down.
Verb forms: Halt, Halted, Halted.
Related words:
 Halt (verb) - रुकािट डालना
6. Abandonment (noun): To give up to the control or influence of another person or agent./
to give up the intent. (पररत्यक्तिा/अपसर्जन /छोड़ना)
 Synonyms: Pretermission, Recantation, Renouncement, Relinquishment.
 Antonyms: Constraint, Restrained.
Example: The abandonment of a newborn baby in a dumpster is being treated by police as a
possible murder attempt.
Verb forms: Abandon, Abandoned, Abandoned.
Related words:
 Abandon (verb) – छोड़ देना
7. Baffling (adjective): Totally confused or puzzled or perplexed. (तिस्मयकारी /चक्कर में डालने िाला/हैरान
करनेिाला)

Synonyms: Bewildering, Confusing, Enigmatic, Incomprehensible, Mystifying,
Perplexing, Abstruse.
 Antonyms: Clear, Comprehensible, Ostensible.
Example: The complex puzzle baffled me for several hours before I could connect all the pieces.
Verb forms: Baffle, Baffled, Baffled.
Related words:
 Baffle (verb) - चकरा देना
8. Adjournment (noun): The act of suspending indefinitely or until a later stated time (स्थगन)

Synonyms: Suspension, Breaking Off, Discontinuation, Prorogation, Postponement,
Rescheduling, Deferment.
 Antonyms: continuation, persistence, beginning, commencement, continuance.
Example: Until the director finds another lead actress, we will adjourn the production of the film.
Verb forms: Adjourn, Adjourned, Adjourned.
Related words:
 Adjourn (verb) - स्थविि होना
9. Viable (adjective): Capable of working successfully. (तिकासक्षम)

Synonyms: Workable, Feasible, Practicable, Applicable, Usable, Manageable, Operable,
Possible.
 Antonyms: Impossible, Unfeasible, Unlikely, Unachievable, Unpractical, Unreasonable.
Example: Increasing fuel costs are affecting the viability of the manufacturing process.
Related words:
 Viability (noun) - व्र्ािहाररकिा
10. Avert (verb): Prevent or ward off (an undesirable occurrence). (टालना/बचना)
 Synonyms: Avoid, Preclude, Prevent, Rule Out, Ward Off, Turn Away, Divert.
 Antonyms: Aid, Assist, Help, Support.
Example: To avert a loss in the big game, the team needs to focus on playing as a single unit.
Verb forms: Avert, Averted, Averted.
Related words:
 Avertable (adjective) - टालने र्ोग्र्
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