Towards a spaceenabled future
for Europe
STOA Annual Lecture 2016
EPRS | European Parliamentary Research Service
Scientific Foresight Unit (STOA)
PE 581.925
STOA Annual Lecture 2016
Towards a space-enabled future for Europe
Participants’ Booklet
16 November 2016, 14:30-17:00
Paul-Henri Spaak Building, Room 3C050
European Parliament, Brussels
STOA - Science and Technology Options Assessment
Prepared by Nera Kuljanic, Scientific Foresight Unit (STOA), with input from Anita Heward
(Europlanet) and Christina Giannopapa (ESA)
Available at
www.europarl.europa.eu/stoa/cms/home/workshops/annual_lectures/annual2016
Join the conversation on Twitter by using the hashtag #SpaceLecture2016 and by tweeting at
@EP_ThinkTank
#SpaceLecture2016
© European Union, 2016
© Cover image: rangizzz / Shutterstock
PE 581.925
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Contents
1. Programme ....................................................................................................................................... 4
2. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 5
3. The exhibition.................................................................................................................................. 8
4. Speakers' Biographies .................................................................................................................. 10
Paul Rübig MEP, Chair of STOA................................................................................................. 10
Johann-Dietrich Woerner, Director General, European Space Agency ................................. 11
Kai-Uwe Schrogl, European Space Agency ............................................................................... 12
Philippe Brunet, European Commission, DG GROW .............................................................. 13
Sir Martin Sweeting, Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd (SSTL), Surrey Space Centre........... 14
Ariane Cornell, Blue Origin, LLC................................................................................................ 15
Johannes von Thadden, Airbus Defence and Space ................................................................. 16
Reinhold Ewald, European Space Agency................................................................................. 17
Thomas Pesquet, European Space Agency ................................................................................ 18
Clare Moody MEP, STOA Panel Member.................................................................................. 19
Mairéad McGuinness MEP, EP Vice-President responsible for STOA .................................. 20
Eva Kaili MEP, First Vice-Chair of STOA .................................................................................. 21
5. Previous STOA Annual Lectures 2003-2015............................................................................. 22
6. About STOA .................................................................................................................................. 27
7. STOA Panel members .................................................................................................................. 28
STOA Bureau.................................................................................................................................. 28
STOA Panel..................................................................................................................................... 29
8. STOA administration................................................................................................................... 31
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1. Programme
Chair: Paul Rübig, STOA Chair
Moderator: Kai-Uwe Schrogl, Chief Strategy Officer, ESA
14:30
WELCOME
Paul Rübig, STOA Chair
Thomas Pesquet, ESA Astronaut of French nationality (video)
14:40
INTRODUCTION
Johann-Dietrich Woerner, Director General, ESA
14:50
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE EU SPACE POLICY
Philippe Brunet, Director, DG GROW, European Commission
15:00
KEYNOTE SPEECH
‘Small satellites – changing the economics of space’
Sir Martin Sweeting, Founder and Executive Chairman of Surrey Satellite
Technology Ltd (SSTL), Director of the Surrey Space Centre
15:30
FROM IDEA TO REALITY
Ariane Cornell, Blue Origin Business Development & Strategy
Johannes von Thadden, Head of Institutional Relations, Airbus Defence and
Space
15:50
LIFE IN SPACE
Reinhold Ewald, ESA Astronaut of German nationality
16:10
Q&A
with the participation of Clare MOODY, MEP
16:50
CONCLUSIONS
Mairead McGuinness, MEP and Vice-President responsible for STOA
16:55
CLOSING REMARKS
Eva Kaili, MEP and First STOA Vice-Chair
until 18:00
RECEPTION
Interpretation in and from EN, FR and DE will be provided.
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2. Introduction
About the Annual Lecture
To raise public awareness of and interest in science and technology issues, every year STOA
hosts an Annual Lecture. It is a high point of STOA’s activities. The event features eminent
speakers - often Nobel Prize laureates - who are invited to talk about subjects placed high on
the political agenda. More information about speakers and topics of the past STOA Annual
Lectures is available on p. 22.
European space activities
The governance of space activities in Europe is based on cooperation between the European
Union (EU), the European Space Agency (ESA) and their member countries. Motivation to
maximise the impact of what can be achieved with the budget available for space activities is
strong.
Today, the close cooperation between the EU and ESA is based on the 2004 Framework
Agreement. The EU and ESA have two flagship programmes: Galileo and Copernicus. Galileo
is a system of navigation satellites, designed to provide greater accuracy than the US-developed
global positioning system (GPS). Copernicus is the world’s largest earth observation
programme, with primary applications in climate change, emergency management and
security. The EU also funds space research through other programmes, notably Horizon 2020.
ESA has a comprehensive space programme and is active in a range of different activities, both
in Europe and internationally.
The European Commission presented the Space Strategy for Europe1 on 26 October 2016.
Among the priorities are market uptake of space data by the public and private sectors, and
supporting private sector involvement and space entrepreneurship. The challenge in
implementing these new policies is to reap societal and economic benefits for all Europeans,
encourage rapid growth and stimulate industrial competitiveness, and promote European
leadership in space. On the same day, a ‘Joint Statement on Shared Vision and Goals for the
Future of European Space’ was signed by the EU and ESA. The common European vision is that
Europe should remain a world-class actor in space and a partner of choice on the international
scene. By 2030, Europe should be able to fully benefit from its space solutions to implement its
policies, strengthen European values and security, improve knowledge and foster prosperity.
Every single European citizen should benefit from Europe's space capacities and capabilities.
1
http://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/19442
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STOA - Science and Technology Options Assessment
Space research and innovation
Innovating for the challenges of the future
Space research and exploration push the boundaries of science and engineering. Building
spacecraft to meet increasingly ambitious goals, such as to mine asteroids or to prepare for a
human mission to Mars, drives innovation in technology and materials science.
Space missions can take a decade or more from initial planning to launch, so roadmaps are
needed to develop the technology for future space exploration. Horizon 2020 funding
complements the European Space Agency’s programmes for the exploration of our Solar System
and beyond through the development of facilities, infrastructure and protocols that will make
Europe a world leader for decades to come.
Exploring planets, understanding Earth
Studying our planetary neighbours can improve our understanding of the Earth, its history,
evolution, climate and the risks that it faces from space, such as geomagnetic storms or asteroid
impacts. Likewise, understanding where and how life has developed on Earth gives us clues
about where to look for life elsewhere in our Solar System.
Places on Earth that have the same geological, physical or extreme environments found on other
planets, such as Mars or the icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn, are vital test-grounds in preparing
for future missions and in the search for extraterrestrial life. Horizon 2020 funding is supporting
comparative planetology research that will help us prepare for future missions and understand
our planet and the origins of life.
Inspiring a new generation
Europe needs a trained workforce with the technical, academic and entrepreneurial skills to
keep its position as a global leader. Space exploration, with its blend of intellectual challenge,
aesthetic appeal, human endeavour and practical applications, is uniquely placed to inspire
European citizens and attract young men and women into careers in science and
engineering. Horizon 2020 funding is supporting the development of free, high-quality tools
and educational resources that will engage young people with science through space.
Creating partnerships
Horizon 2020 investment is developing space research expertise in Europe’s newer member
states, integrating researchers, institutions and industry into the established community and
strengthening links at a personal, regional and national level.
Space and Industry
Space 4.0 for a United Space in Europe. Preparing for the future of the European Space Sector
Space technologies and applications are an integral part of everyday life when using mobile
phones, live TV broadcasting, banking transactions, weather forecasting, air-marine-road-rail
transport systems, etc. Even though space activities are taking place already for more than half
a century, today there is a shift of paradigm. There are more space-faring nations, more
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commercialisation, and space agencies have a new role to play. The Director General of the
European Space Agency calls this ‘Space 4.0’ and it is intertwined with the fourth industrial
revolution - ‘Industry 4.0’. Industry 4.0 and Space 4.0 are expected to transform the lives of the
citizens, decision and policy-makers and businesses.
Space 4.0 marks a new era, in which space is an enabler. It enables knowledge, jobs and growth,
decision and policy-making, inspiring and motivating the next generations. Together with
Industry 4.0 it will be the driver for contemporary technologies in automation, miniaturisation,
advanced manufacturing, machine to machine/human interaction, connectivity, big data,
biotechnology, etc. This process cannot be carried out by a single entity alone, which is why
Space 4.0 aims to foster the interaction of different sectors with spin-in, spin-off and spintogether of technologies and concepts. Space 4.0 can be used as a tool to tackle global challenges,
such as climate change, demographic development, migration, shortage of resources, conflicts
and catastrophes, energy, digital divide, health and curiosity.
About ESA
The European Space Agency (ESA) is the European
intergovernmental organisation, which over the past fifty
years has been mandated to foster cooperation among
European countries in space research and technology,
and their applications. ESA is an agency with the full
range of space activities, which has successfully
developed
Europe’s
space
capabilities
and
competitiveness in all fields of space technology: transport, navigation, Earth observation,
telecommunications, science, exploration, technology applications and space situational
awareness (SSA). ESA is a globally recognised, reliable partner entrusted to implement a longterm European space policy and align Member States’ policies with respect to other national,
European and international institutions. Therefore, today ESA is in the driving role to enable
the transformation of the European space sector for the new era of Space 4.0.
In December 2016, the European Space Agency will hold a Council at Ministerial Level to decide
on Europe’s way forward ‘Towards Space 4.0 for a United Space in Europe’. In setting up the
proposal, ESA has been consulting the space actors, including Member States, industry,
academia, European institutions and the European citizens. In particular, in order to ensure that
ESA programmes reflect the expectations of the EU, it has used the visions and goals listed in
the ‘Joint Statement on Shared Vision and Goals for the Future of European Space’ signed with
the European Commission on 26 October 2016, in Brussels. These goals are: a) to maximise the
integration of space into European society and economy; b) to foster a globally competitive
European space sector; and c) to ensure European autonomy in accessing and using space. ESA
endeavours to represent all space actors and lead European space activities on the sound
foundation of existing activities and structures, while aiming to respond to the needs of science,
industry, politics and society for the benefit of the European citizen.
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3. The exhibition
European Parliament, Brussels, Altiero Spinelli (ASP) building, 3rd floor
©ESA/ATG medialab
The exhibition linked to the event highlights the impact of EU funding on planetary research
and exploration. The focal point of the exhibition is a 1:4 scale model of the European Space
Agency’s Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) mission, which went into orbit around Mars successfully on
19 October 2016. The spacecraft’s instruments will detect methane and other atmospheric gases
that are present in small concentrations and could be evidence for biological or geological
activity on Mars. The model is provided by the Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, which
leads the TGO NOMAD instrument that will detect and map concentrations of gases in the
Martian atmosphere.
The exhibition also offers an opportunity to explore the Martian surface using Virtual Reality
(VR) headsets and real imagery sent back by spacecraft and rovers at Mars. The VR system,
developed by François Civet and Stéphane Le Mouélic of CNRS/University of Nantes, won the
Europlanet Prize for Public Engagement 2016.
The exhibition is hosted as part of the 8th European Innovation Summit, in collaboration with
Europlanet and Knowledge4Innovation.
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About EUROPLANET 2020 RI
Planetary science covers the study of our Solar System and planets around other stars. It is an
interdisciplinary field that spans physics, chemistry, astronomy and geophysics, robotic and
human exploration of other planets, as well as the search for extraterrestrial life. Since 2005, the
EU has supported the European planetary science community with over €40 million funding,
including €9.945 million for the Europlanet 2020 Research Infrastructure (RI) to integrate
planetary science across the European Research Area.
Europe has world-leading facilities and a community of planetary scientists comprising around
5000 researchers and postgraduate students in more than 20 countries and 200 research
institutes. EU funding has played a vital role in enabling Europe’s diverse planetary community
to carry out coordinated activities. This coordination maximises the scientific return from
investment in planetary missions through ESA, and national and international programmes.
EU funding has enabled Europlanet to found a sustainable community organisation for
academia and industry involved in planetary research and exploration, with a membership of
over 90 research institutes and companies. Europlanet provides the community with a platform
to exchange ideas and personnel, to share research tools, data and facilities, and to define key
science goals for the future.
Europlanet is engaging with Europe’s citizens and leaders to build a planetary exploration
programme that inspires a future generation and supports a competitive, thriving academic and
industrial community.
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4. Speakers' Biographies
Paul Rübig MEP, Chair of STOA
Paul Rübig has been elected as STOA Chair for the first half of the European Parliament's 8th
legislature.
He previously served as Chair from 2009 to 2012 and as First Vice-Chair from 2012 to 2014.
Paul Rübig, born in Upper Austria, has been a Member of the European Parliament since 1996
and belongs to the European People's Party (EPP).
He is the owner of an Austrian blacksmith company and has a degree in Business
Administration, Marketing and Production Engineering from the University of Linz, Upper
Austria. In his Master thesis he wrote about ‘License and Patent Policy in investment goods
marketing’. He is married and has two children.
Paul Rübig is full member of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy and of the
Committee on Budgets. He is Vice-Chair of the Delegation for relations with the Korean
Peninsula and substitute member of the Delegation for relations with Switzerland and Norway
and to the EU-Iceland Joint Parliamentary Committee and the European Economic Area (EEA)
Joint Parliamentary Committee. Furthermore, Paul Rübig is a substitute member in the
Committee on Development.
Paul Rübig is very active in the field of the small-scale business promotion. He is president of
SME Global, a working group of the International Democrat Union (IDU), whose objective it is
to support small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) and to improve their business
environment.
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Annual Lecture 2016
Johann-Dietrich Woerner, Director General, European Space Agency
Johann-Dietrich ‘Jan’ Woerner became the ESA Director General
on 1 July 2015.
Previously, from March 2007 to June 2015, he served as Chairman
of the Executive Board of the German Aerospace Center (DLR).
Jan Woerner was born in Kassel, Germany, in 1954. He studied
civil engineering at the Technical University (TU) Berlin and TU
Darmstadt, from where he graduated in 1985. In 1982, as part of
his studies, he spent one year in Japan, investigating earthquake
safety of nuclear power plants. Until 1990, Mr Woerner worked
for consulting civil engineers Koenig und Heunisch.
In 1990 he returned to TU Darmstadt, where he was appointed as
a professor of Civil Engineering and took over as Head of the Test
and Research Institute. Before being elected as President of TU Darmstadt in 1995, he held the
position of Dean of the newly established Civil Engineering Faculty. Jan Woerner headed the
university from 1995 to 2007 and succeeded in making it the first autonomous university of the
Federal Republic of Germany.
Jan Woerner has been awarded numerous prizes and positions, such as the Prize of the
Organisation of Friends of Technical University Darmstadt for ‘outstanding scientific
performance’. He was also appointed to the Berlin Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and to
the Convention for Technical Sciences (acatech) and is a representative of the Technical Sciences
Section of the Leopoldina, the national academy of sciences of Germany.
Jan Woerner has received honorary doctorates from New York State University at Buffalo
(USA), the Technical Universities of Bucharest (Romania) and Mongolia, the Saint Petersburg
University for Economics and Finance (Russia) and École Centrale de Lyon (France). He has
received the Federal Cross of Merit (Officer's cross, 1st class) of the Federal Republic of Germany
for his continuous efforts regarding the next generation of scientists and Germany as a location
for Science, Technology and Engineering. He has furthermore been awarded the honours of
Knight of the French Légion d’Honneur.
Jan Woerner was Vice President of the Helmholtz Association and also a member of various
national and international supervisory bodies, advisory councils and committees. He was a
member of the administrative boards of École Centrale Paris, École Centrale de Lyon, TU Berlin,
the Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, and the Arts and Music University in
Frankfurt and has been a member of a number of supervisory boards, including Carl Schenck
AG, Röhm GmbH, TÜV Rheinland AG and Bilfinger SE.
Furthermore, he was appointed to the energy expert group of the German Government.
Before joining ESA as Director General, Jan Woerner was head of the German delegation to ESA
from 2007 to 2015 and served as Chairman of the ESA Council from 2012 to 2014.
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Kai-Uwe Schrogl, European Space Agency
Prof. Dr Kai-Uwe Schrogl is the Chief Strategy Officer of the European Space Agency (ESA,
Headquarters in Paris, France). From 2007 to 2011 he was the Director of the European Space
Policy Institute (ESPI) in Vienna, Austria, the leading European think tank for space policy.
Prior to this, he was the Head of the Corporate Development and External Relations Department
in the German Aerospace Center (DLR) in Cologne, Germany. Previously he also worked with
the German Ministry for Post and Telecommunications and the German Space Agency (DARA)
in Bonn, Germany.
He has been a delegate to numerous international forums and has served from 2014 to 2016 as
chairman of the Legal Subcommittee of the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of
Outer Space, the highest body for space law-making, comprising 73 Member States. He was also
chairman of various European and global committees (ESA International Relations Committee
and two plenary working groups of the UNCOPUOS2 Legal Subcommittee, the one on the
launching State and the other on the registration practice, both leading to UN General Assembly
Resolutions). He presented, respectively testified, at hearings of the European Parliament and
the U.S. House of Representatives.
Kai-Uwe Schrogl is the President of the International Institute of Space Law, the professional
association of space law experts from 48 countries, Member of the International Academy of
Astronautics (recently chairing its Commission on Policy, Economics and Regulations) and the
Russian Academy for Cosmonautics, as well as Corresponding Member of the French Air and
Space Academy. He holds a doctorate degree in political science and lectures international
relations as an Honorary Professor at Tübingen University, Germany.
Kai-Uwe Schrogl has written or co-edited 15 books and more than 130 articles, reports and
papers in the fields of space policy and law, as well as telecommunications policy. He launched
and edited until 2011 the “Yearbook on Space Policy” and the book series “Studies in Space
Policy” both published by ESPI at SpringerWienNewYork. He sits on editorial boards of various
international journals in the field of space policy and law (Space Policy, Zeitschrift für Luft- und
Weltraumrecht, Studies in Space Law/Nijhoff; previously also Acta Astronautica).
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United nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses for Outer Space
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Philippe Brunet, European Commission, DG GROW
Philippe Brunet was born in 1959 in Cahors (France). Doctor in Medicine (MD) and Iuris. Doctor
in Community Law (LLD), he entered the Commission in 1988 (DG V - Social Affairs). He joined
DG III (Industry) in 1993 in order to prepare the establishment of EMEA (European Medicines
Evaluation Agency, now the EMA) and complete the legal framework of the EU authorisation
scheme for medicinal products.
Philippe Brunet was appointed deputy Head of Unit “Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics Unit” in
1998, and subsequently Head of the Unit “Pharmaceuticals, legislative framework and market
authorisations” in April 2000.
In November 2004 Philippe Brunet joined the Cabinet of Markos Kyprianou, the Commissioner
responsible for Health and Consumer Affairs, as Deputy Head of Cabinet, in the Barroso I
Commission. In October 2007 he was appointed Head of Cabinet by Commissioner Kyprianou.
Following the resignation of Mr Kyprianou to become Minister of Foreign Affairs of the
Republic of Cyprus in February 2008 and his subsequent replacement by Mrs Androulla
Vassiliou, Mr Brunet was appointed Head of Cabinet of Mrs Vassiliou as of March 2008.
On February 10, 2010, Ms Vassiliou took over the position of Commissioner for Education,
Culture, Multilingualism and Youth in the Barroso II Commission. Ms Vassiliou re-appointed
Mr Philippe Brunet as the Head of her new Cabinet.
The Commission appointed him on 19 December 2012 as Director in the Directorate-General for
Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs (DG GROW) for the Directorate
"Aerospace, Maritime and Defence Industries" as of January 2013. Mr Brunet main institutional
files comprise, inter alia, the implementation of COPERNICUS, a constellation of EU satellites
offering Earth Observation services on a full, open and free of charge basis, and the development
of civil and military synergies in security and defence matters to render the defence industry
competitive and underpin a credible and effective Common Security and Defence Policy.
Philippe Brunet has two sons. He has been knighted in the French Order of the Legion of
Honour in 2011.
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Sir Martin Sweeting, Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd (SSTL), Surrey Space Centre
Sir Martin has a BSc in electronics and a PhD in radio engineering
from the University of Surrey (UK), and is the founder and
Executive Chairman of Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. (SSTL).
Following two experimental ‘microsatellites’ built by his
research team at the University of Surrey and launched in 1981
& 1984, he pioneered rapid-response, low-cost and highlycapable small satellites utilising modern consumer electronics to
‘change the economics of space’, and has established the UK at
the forefront of this new field.
In 1985 Sir Martin formed a spin-off university company (SSTL)
that has since grown to 550 staff with annual revenues exceeding
£100M and exports of over £0.5Bn. SSTL has built and launched
50 small satellites – including the international Disaster Monitoring Constellation (DMC), the
first Galileo navigation satellite (GIOVE-A) for ESA and building the 22 satellite navigation
payloads for the European Galileo constellation. In 2015, SSTL launched a constellation of three
high-resolution (1-metre) earth observation mini-satellites and is now preparing a low-cost
medium-resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) minisatellite (NovaSAR) for launch in early
2017. The Company’s first geostationary telecommunications satellite is under construction for
EutelSAT. SSTL has developed a highly successful satellite know-how transfer and training
programme with long-term collaborative partnerships with 18 countries – particularly enabling
emerging space nations to achieve their first space missions and thus to access space directly to
benefit their environment and economies.
Sir Martin also chairs the Surrey Space Centre comprising around 100 researchers investigating
advanced small satellite concepts and techniques and which acts as the research laboratory for
SSTL – an exemplar of real academic-commercial synergy. The SSC collaborated with SSTL on
the world’s first ‘smartphone’ nanosatellite, STRaND-1, launched in February 2013, and
launched a research nano-satellite for orbital debris mitigation in 2015.
Sir Martin has been appointed OBE and knighted by HM The Queen, elected a Fellow of the
Royal Society and a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering and received the prestigious
von Karman Wings Award from CalTech/JPL. In 2014, he received the Chinese Academy of
Sciences/COSPAR Jeoujang Jaw Award recognising his contribution to international space
development and was identified by The Sunday Times as one of the UK’s 20 most influential
engineers.
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Annual Lecture 2016
Ariane Cornell, Blue Origin, LLC
Ariane Cornell works on the Strategy and Business Development team for Blue Origin, LLC, a
developer of vehicles and technologies to enable human space transportation. At Blue Origin,
she is the head of the astronaut strategy and sales portfolio. She also supports the rocket engine
and New Glenn orbital launch sales portfolios.
Ariane was formerly based in Vienna, Austria, as the Executive Director of the Space
Generation Advisory Council in Support of the United Nations Programme on Space
Applications (SGAC). She headed SGAC’s delegations to international conferences and the
United Nations, as well as ran the organisation’s operations, business development, strategy
and policy output. Ariane has supported the international aerospace community in other
capacities and organizations. She has served on the board of Women in Aerospace – Europe,
has guest blogged for Space News, and has sat on several committees of the International
Astronautical Federation and the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
Previously, Ariane worked in international management consulting, first with Accenture based
in San Francisco and then with Booz Allen Hamilton in Washington, DC. With Accenture, she
lived and worked on IT projects in the Philippines, South Africa, Brazil and the US. With Booz
Allen Hamilton as a senior consultant in the aerospace and defense commercial consulting
group, she helped develop strategies and solve operational issues for executives of the world’s
top aerospace and defense companies.
Ariane earned an MBA from Harvard University and a Bachelor of Science degree with honors
in science, technology and society, with a focus in management science and engineering, from
Stanford University.
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Johannes von Thadden, Airbus Defence and Space
Dr Johannes von Thadden studied economics, history and political sciences at the Universität
des Saarlandes in Saarbrücken, before studying economics and Polish language at the
University of Washington in Seattle, USA. He completed a PhD in economics on political and
economic development in Poland.
Dr von Thadden held several posts at the Association of German Chambers of Industry and
Commerce (Deutscher Industrie- und Handelskammertag), before becoming the Deputy
Director General at the Konrad-Adenauer Foundation and then the Director General at
Christlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands (CDU). He has worked at Airbus Defence and
Space (Airbus DS, previously called Astrium) since 2007, and is currently the Head of
International and Space Institutions and the Airbus DS member of the Managing Board Airbus
DS GmbH.
Dr von Thadden has been awarded the Bundesverdienstkreuz Order of Merit and is the
President of the Foundation for Polish-German Cooperation.
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Annual Lecture 2016
Reinhold Ewald, European Space Agency
Professor Reinhold Ewald was awarded a minor degree in Human Physiology and a PhD in
radioastronomy at the University of Cologne. He was a finalist of the German astronaut
selection in 1986/87, and joined the German astronaut team in 1990. He undertook cosmonaut
training in Star City, Russia, and was a back-up cosmonaut for the German MIR mission in 1992.
In 1997, he spent three weeks on board the MIR space station, flying up and down in Soyuz
spacecraft and performing an intense science programme. He joined ESA and the European
Astronaut Corps in 1999, and subsequently became the ground team leader for European
missions to the ISS. He was the Head of the ESA Columbus Control Centre near Munich until
2011. In addition to his work at ESA, Professor Ewald is a University Professor for Astronautics
and Space Station at Stuttgart University.
Professor Ewald has been awarded the German Federal Cross of Merit First Class, as well as the
Russian Order of Peoples’ Friendship and Medal of Courage. He and his wife Monika have
three children together.
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Thomas Pesquet, European Space Agency
Born in Rouen, France, on 27 February 1978, Thomas
Pesquet has a black belt in judo and enjoys basketball,
jogging, swimming, squash and outdoor sports, such as
mountain biking, kite surfing, sailing, skiing and
mountaineering. He also has extensive experience in scuba
diving and skydiving. His other interests include travelling,
playing the saxophone and reading.
Thomas graduated from the competitive French ‘classes
préparatoires aux grandes écoles’ at the Lycée Pierre
Corneille in Rouen, France, in 1998. In 2001, he received a
master’s degree from the École Nationale Supérieure de
l’Aéronautique et de l’Espace in Toulouse, France, majoring
in spacecraft design and control. He spent his final year
before graduation at the École Polytechnique de Montréal,
Canada, as an exchange student on the Aeronautics and
Space Master course.
From April to September 2001, Thomas was a trainee engineer with Thales Alenia Space in
Cannes, France, where he developed a satellite system design tool using concurrent engineering
techniques. From October 2001, he worked as a spacecraft dynamics engineer on remote sensing
missions for GMV S.A. in Madrid, Spain. Between 2002 and 2004, Thomas worked at the French
space agency, CNES, as a research engineer on space mission autonomy. He also carried out
studies on future European ground segment design and European space technology
harmonisation. From late 2002, he was a CNES representative at the Consultative Committee
for Space Data Systems, working on cross-support between international space agencies. An
avid private pilot in his spare time, he went on to become a commercial pilot for Air France in
2006. Having logged more than 2300 flight hours on commercial airliners, he became a type
rating instructor on the A320 and a Crew Resource Management instructor. Thomas is a
member of the French Aeronautics and Astronautics Association (3AF) and of the American
Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA).
Thomas was selected as an ESA astronaut in May 2009 and completed basic training in
November 2010. After graduation, he worked on communicating with astronauts during
spaceflights from the mission control centre. He was also in charge of future projects at the
European Astronaut Centre, including initiating cooperation with new partners, such as China.
To be ready for a space mission, he received further technical and operational training in
Europe, Russia and the USA. He took part in exploration training courses: living and working
underground on ESA’s CAVES training course and underwater on NASA’s Seatest-2 mission.
On 17 March 2014, Thomas was assigned to a long-duration mission on the International Space
Station. He will be leaving our planet for six months in November 2016 as a flight engineer for
Expeditions 50 and 51, returning in May 2017.
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Annual Lecture 2016
Clare Moody MEP, STOA Panel Member
Clare Moody was elected as the Member of the European Parliament for the South West and
Gibraltar in May 2014. She is a member of the Group of the Progressive Alliance of Socialists
and Democrats (S&D) and sits on the Budgets Committee (BUDG), the Industry,
Telecommunications, Research and Energy Committee (ITRE) and the Women's Rights and
Gender Equality Committee (FEMM).
Clare's ITRE policy focuses are science & research policy, in particular Horizon 2020 and FP9,
space policy, nuclear policy, and the circular economy. She has fought hard for science and
research during budget cuts the EU has faced in recent years, and continues to rank the inclusion
of women and girls in science and technology sectors as a top priority for European society and
economy.
Before her election, Clare spent her working life as a trade unionist representing people in a
wide variety of industries. This gave her a daily insight into just how much people are
struggling to make ends meet. She is passionate about making sure everyone has the ability to
have a safe, secure job that can provide for them and their family and that they can benefit from
the shared prosperity that being in Europe brings.
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STOA - Science and Technology Options Assessment
Mairéad McGuinness MEP, EP Vice-President responsible for STOA
Mairead McGuinness is Vice-President of the European Parliament with responsibility for
STOA.
Her role as Vice-President also includes overseeing the European Parliament's Information
Policy, Press and Citizens Relations, and she plays a leading role in the area of children's rights
in cross-border situations.
Mairead is an economist, specialising in agriculture and food, and is a member of the
Parliament’s Committees on Agriculture and Rural Development (AGRI), and on Environment,
Public Health and Food Safety (ENVI).
Voted MEP of the Year for Agriculture 2011 by her colleagues in the Parliament, she focuses on
the future shape of agriculture and rural development, global development policy, the
environment, and food safety and security.
Mairead chaired the Parliament's investigation into the collapse of the Equitable Life assurance
company which identified issues around weak financial regulation before the financial crisis of
2008.
She is co-chair of the Parliament’s MEP Heart Group, focusing on how to tackle heart disease
through information, awareness, diet and physical activity. Mairead was also lead negotiator
for the European People’s Party (EPP) for the revision of key legislation on medical devices.
In May 2014 Mairead was elected to the European Parliament for the third time. Prior to
becoming an MEP she was a leading journalist, broadcaster and commentator in Ireland.
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Annual Lecture 2016
Eva Kaili MEP, First Vice-Chair of STOA
Eva Kaili is Member of the European Parliament (2014-2019), head of the Greek S&D Delegation
(PASOK/Elia) in the European Parliament, ITRE representative on the STOA Panel and 1st
STOA Vice-Chair.
Eva Kaili was elected two times (2007-2012) to the national parliament with the Panhellenic
Socialist Movement (PASOK). For the past ten years, she has worked as a newscaster for MEGA
Channel, an advisor on International Relations of Group DemCo, Alpha TV and a
communication advisor of the PanHellenic Pharmaceutical Union.
She has also been an advisor on International Relations and Greek products exports and held
the position of Director of the Centre of Equality and Equal Opportunities.
She holds a bachelor degree in Architecture and Civil Engineering, and postgraduate studies in
European Politics. Currently, she is conducting her PhD in International Political Economy. In
the European elections of 2014, Ms Kaili was elected, ranked-first, with the political scheme of
'Elia', and she is a Member of the European Socialists and Democrats (S&D).
Eva Kaili chairs the Delegation for relations with the NATO Parliamentary Assembly (DNAT),
and is a member of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy (ITRE).
She is also a substitute member of the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs (ECON)
and a substitute member of the Subcommittee on Security and Defence (SEDE).
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STOA - Science and Technology Options Assessment
5. Previous STOA Annual Lectures 2003-2015
A discovery tour in the world of quantum optics - 9 December 2015
Serge Haroche,
Collège de France, Paris (pictured right)
Christophe Salomon,
École Normale Supérieure, Paris
Grégoire Ribordy,
ID Quantique, Geneva
Towards understanding the brain: explained by a Nobel Prize winner
18 November 2014
Thomas Christian Südhof,
Stanford University, USA, 2013 Nobel Prize
in Medicine (pictured right)
David Nutt,
Imperial College London &
President of the European Brain Council
Elena Becker-Barroso,
The Lancet Neurology
Rosario Rizzuto,
University of Padua, Italy
Sustaining sustainability: Making economics work for the global environment
12 November 2013
Ismail Serageldin,
Director of Bibliotheca Alexandrina & former Vice-President
of the World Bank (pictured left)
Achim Steiner,
Executive Director of the United Nations Environment
Programme
Hans Bruyninckx,
Executive Director of the European Environment Agency
Monika Kircher,
CEO of Infineon Technologies Austria AG
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Annual Lecture 2016
Unlocking the mysteries of the universe at CERN - 27 November 2012
François Englert, Professor Emeritus,
Université Libre de Bruxelles (pictured left)
Peter Higgs, Professor Emeritus,
University of Edinburgh (pictured right)
Rolf Heuer, Director-General of CERN
John Ellis, Professor, King's College London
Steve Myers, Director of Accelerators, CERN
Sustainable management of natural resources - 29 November 2011
Koji Omi, Founder and Chairman,
Science and Technology in Society forum (pictured)
Sir Harry Kroto, Florida State University,
1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry (by video link)
John Anthony Allan,
Professor Emeritus, King's College London
Is an oil-free future possible? - 7 December 2010
Shai Agassi,
Founder and CEO of ‘Better Place’
(pictured right)
Paul Crutzen,
Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry,
1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
(pictured left)
George Oláh,
University of Southern California,
1994 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
(by video link)
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STOA - Science and Technology Options Assessment
One web, free and open for all
1 December 2009
Sir Tim Berners-Lee,
Director of the World Wide Web Consortium &
Founder of the World Wide Web Foundation
Meeting future energy demands and
tackling climate change
12 November 2008
Jeffrey Sachs, Director of the Earth Institute,
Columbia University (by video link)
David Eyton,
Group Vice-President on Technology BP (pictured)
Jean-Pascal van Ypersele,
Vice-Chair Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
The future of the brain
27 November 2007
Susan Greenfield,
Director of the Institute for the Future of the Mind
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Annual Lecture 2016
Avoiding a web of confusion Innovation in information technology
21 November 2006
Phil Janson,
IBM Academy of Technology
Climate change and CO2 emissions reduction
23 November 2005
Guy Brasseur,
Director of Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
New and old epidemic diseases
24 November 2004
Rolf Zinkernagel,
University of Zurich, Switzerland,
1996 Nobel Prize in Medicine
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STOA - Science and Technology Options Assessment
The coldest matter in the universe
4 November 2003
Wolfgang Ketterle,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA,
2001 Nobel Prize in Physics
Risks and opportunities in the biotechnology era
25 March 2003
Kary Mullis,
Burstein Technologies, Irvine, California,
1993 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
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Annual Lecture 2016
6. About STOA
The Science and Technology Options Assessment (STOA) Panel forms an integral part of the
structure of the European Parliament. Launched in 1987, STOA is tasked with identifying and
independently assessing the impact of new and emerging science and technologies.
The goal of its work is to assist, with independent information, the Members of the European
Parliament (MEPs) in developing options for long-term, strategic policy-making.
The STOA Panel
The STOA Panel consists of 25 MEPs nominated from the nine permanent parliamentary
committees: AGRI (Agriculture & Rural Development), CULT (Culture & Education), EMPL
(Employment & Social Affairs), ENVI (Environment, Public Health & Food Safety), IMCO
(Internal Market & Consumer Protection), ITRE (Industry, Research & Energy), JURI (Legal
Affairs), LIBE (Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs) and TRAN (Transport & Tourism).
Ms Mairéad McGuinness MEP is the European Parliament Vice-President responsible for STOA
and member of the Panel. The STOA Chair for the first half of the 8th legislature is Paul Rübig,
with Eva Kaili and Evžen Tošenovský elected as 1st and 2nd Vice-Chairs.
The STOA Approach
STOA fulfils its mission primarily by carrying out science-based projects. Whilst undertaking
these projects, STOA assesses the widest possible range of options to support evidence-based
policy decisions. A typical project investigates the impacts of both existing and emerging
technology options and presents these in the form of studies and options briefs. These are
publicly available for download via the STOA website: www.europarl.europa.eu/stoa/. Some
of STOA's projects explore the long-term impacts of future techno-scientific trends, with the aim
to support MEPs in anticipating the consequences of developments in science. Alongside its
production of 'hard information', STOA communicates its findings to the European Parliament
by organising public events throughout the year. STOA also runs the MEP-Scientist Pairing
Scheme aimed at promoting mutual understanding and facilitating the establishment of lasting
links between the scientific and policy-making communities.
Focus areas
STOA activities and products are varied and are designed to cover as wide a range of scientific
and technological topics as possible, such as nano-safety, e-Democracy, bio-engineering,
assistive technologies for people with disabilities, waste management, cybersecurity, smart
energy grids, responsible research & innovation, sustainable agriculture and health.
They are grouped in five broad focus areas: eco-efficient transport and modern energy solutions;
sustainable management of natural resources; potential and challenges of the Internet; health
and life sciences; science policy, communication and global networking.
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STOA - Science and Technology Options Assessment
7. STOA Panel members
STOA Bureau
Mairéad McGUINNESS (EPP, IE)
EP Vice-President responsible for STOA
Paul RÜBIG (EPP, AT)
Chair of STOA
Committee on Industry, Research and Energy
(ITRE)
Eva KAILI (S&D, EL)
First Vice-Chair of STOA
Committee on Industry, Research and Energy
(ITRE)
Evžen TOŠENOVSKÝ (ECR, CZ)
Second Vice-Chair of STOA
Committee on Industry, Research and Energy
(ITRE)
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Annual Lecture 2016
STOA Panel
Panel Member
Committee
Panel Member
Committee
Jan Philipp
ALBRECHT
(Greens/EFA, DE)
LIBE
Danuta
JAZŁOWIECKA
(EPP, PL)
EMPL
Tiziana BEGHIN
(EFDD, IT)
ITRE
Andrew LEWER
(ECR, UK)
CULT
Renata BRIANO
(S&D, IT)
ITRE
Bogusław
LIBERADZKI
(S&D, PL)
TRAN
Carlos COELHO
(PPE, PT)
IMCO
Anthea McINTYRE
(ECR, UK)
AGRI
Mady DELVAUX
(S&D, LU)
JURI
Clare MOODY
(S&D, UK)
ITRE
Vicky FORD
(ECR, UK)
IMCO
Momchil NEKOV
(S&D, BG)
AGRI
Andrzej GRZYB
(EPP, PL)
ENVI
Marijana PETIR
(EPP, HR)
AGRI
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STOA - Science and Technology Options Assessment
AGRI:
CULT:
EMPL:
ENVI:
IMCO:
ITRE:
JURI:
LIBE:
TRAN:
Panel Member
Committee
Panel Member
Committee
Georgi PIRINSKI
(S&D, BG)
EMPL
Kay SWINBURNE
(ECR, UK)
ENVI
Virginie ROZIERE
(S&D, FR)
IMCO
Dario
TAMBURRANO
(EFDD, IT)
ITRE
Claudia SCHMIDT
(EPP, AT)
TRAN
Cora VAN
NIEUWENHUIZEN
(ALDE, NL)
ITRE
Agriculture and Rural Development
Culture and Education
Employment and Social Affairs
Environment, Public Health and Food Safety
Internal Market and Consumer Protection
Industry, Research and Energy
Legal Affairs
Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs
Transport and Tourism
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Annual Lecture 2016
8. STOA administration
Directorate-General for Parliamentary Research Services (DG EPRS)
European Parliament
Rue Wiertz 60
B-1047 Brussels
E-mail: [email protected]
Director-General
Anthony Teasdale
Director
Wolfgang Hiller
Head of Unit - Scientific Foresight Unit (STOA)
Theo Karapiperis
Head of Service - STOA Secretariat
Zsolt G. Pataki
Head of Service - Scientific Foresight Service
Lieve Van Woensel
Administrators
Philip Boucher
Mihalis Kritikos
Nera Kuljanic
Christian Kurrer
Gianluca Quaglio
Assistants
Serge Evrard
Rachel Manirambona
Marie Massaro
Damir Plese
Trainee
James Tarlton
31
This is a publication of the
Directorate for Impact Assessment and European Added Value
Directorate-General for Parliamentary Research Services, European Parliament
PE 581.925