Solar- and Terrestrial- radiation recorded by the
Bolometric Oscillation Sensor aboard the PICARD
microsatellite
Ping Zhu, Michel van Ruymbeke, Özgur Karatekin, Steven Dewitte
May 19, 2014
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
1
B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
2
BOS-PICARD
3
S OLAR IRRADIANCE
4
S UMMARY
5
T ERRESTRIAL RADIATION
6
S UMMARY
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
BOS
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
2 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
BOS
Bolometric Oscillation Sensor
F IGURE : Either photons or infrared radiation is absorbed by the black surface s1 .
But the surface s2 is more sensitive to the infrared radiation. It is reflecting the most
visible light. The temperature measured with R1 is rapidly change(m1 = 0.8gram)
compare to the temperature of R2 (m2 = 160gram). The complete unit is passive
thermal stabilized. Volume,366.7cm3 , Mass, 168gram
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
3 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
BOS
Bolometric Oscillation Sensor
F IGURE : Two experiments were conducted: a and b is calibrated reading from R1
and R2 at a thermal chamber (∆T < 0.1◦ ), c and d is at underground
Lab.(∆T < 10◦ ). Both experiments has a the same light source, a tungshten lamp.
The Flux is determined from two experiment were plotted together, the value is
Fab = 496.2 ± 0.7Wm−2 and Fcd = 496.4 ± 1.4Wm−2 .
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
4 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
1
B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
2
BOS-PICARD
3
S OLAR IRRADIANCE
4
S UMMARY
5
T ERRESTRIAL RADIATION
6
S UMMARY
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
BOS-PICARD
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
5 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
BOS-PICARD
BOS-PICARD
F IGURE : The PICARD mission is dedicated to the study of the Sun-Earth climate
connection Credit: CNES - D. Ducros
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
6 / 26
BOS-PICARD
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
BOS-PICARD
F IGURE : Space acquired data during entire mission.
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
7 / 26
BOS-PICARD
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
Observation:July01,2010-March 31,2014
F IGURE : The events observed with BOS-PICARD
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
8 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
BOS-PICARD
Product:July01,2010-March 31,2014
F IGURE : Diagram of data preprocessing and data product
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
9 / 26
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ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
BOS-PICARD
Application
F IGURE : Data product and its corresponding applications
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
10 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
BOS-PICARD
High level data product
F IGURE : BOS bares a hemispherical field of view. Between 94% and 97% of global
recorded energy is solar origin.
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
11 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
1
B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
2
BOS-PICARD
3
S OLAR IRRADIANCE
4
S UMMARY
5
T ERRESTRIAL RADIATION
6
S UMMARY
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
SI
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
12 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
SI
Solar irradiance at the distance of satellite
F IGURE : At the PICARD life time scale, a −17.08Wm−2 /yr linear degradation
during the three and half year’s observations is obtained.
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
13 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
SI
Solar irradiance at 1 AU
F IGURE : a- TIM−Sorce(v15 → 1361.12 ± 0.33Wm−2 ), b− Virgo−SOHO(v6−004
→ 1366.02 ± 0.31Wm−2 ), c− BOS−PICARD (N2−a−v01
→ 1363.54 ± 0.45Wm−2 ), d− Daily mean sunspot number.
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
14 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
SI
Solar irradiance at 1 AU
F IGURE : a- TIM−Sorce(v15 → 1361.12 ± 0.33Wm−2 ), b− Virgo−SOHO(v6−004
→ 1366.02 ± 0.31Wm−2 ), c− BOS−PICARD (N2−a−v01
→ 1363.54 ± 0.45Wm−2 ), d− Daily mean sunspot number.
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
15 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
1
B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
2
BOS-PICARD
3
S OLAR IRRADIANCE
4
S UMMARY
5
T ERRESTRIAL RADIATION
6
S UMMARY
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
SI
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
16 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
SI
BOS was initially designed to make observe short term variations of the
solar irradiance without an absolute onboard calibration. But by applying
the data analysis procedure presented above, BOS is shown to provide
valuable information also for long term TSI variations.
BOS results follow very well those given by absolute radiometers
TIM-Sorce and Virgo-Soho with much finer time resolution (better high
frequency resolution) . The difference in absolute TSI between the three
instruments is less than 5Wm−2 . with typical RMS varying between
0.3 − 0.5Wm−2
The differences among the results of absolute radiometers are still in
debate, since the design and calibration procedure of each unit is
different, whereas BOS results providing relative TSI variations do not
need onboard absolute calibration.
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
17 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
1
B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
2
BOS-PICARD
3
S OLAR IRRADIANCE
4
S UMMARY
5
T ERRESTRIAL RADIATION
6
S UMMARY
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
TR
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
18 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
TR
Sate-of-the-art
F IGURE : The Earth’s Radiation Budget at the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) is
investigated by combining remote sensing data from different Earth observing
satellites and the solar radiation monitoring from dedicated missions. The ERB is the
difference between incoming solar, reflected visible and remitted infrared thermal.
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
19 / 26
TR
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
A new method for net TOA (top-of-the-atmosphere) radiation
imbalance.
The definition of net TOA radiation imbalance:
Fnet = Fso − Fvis − Fir .
(1)
The measurements of BOS could be written as:
Fsum = Fsun + Fvis + Fir
(2)
New algorithm for Net TOA radiation imbalance
Fnet = Fsun + Fso − (Fsun + Fvis + Fir )Fsum
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
(3)
20 / 26
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ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
TR
Sate-of-the-art
F IGURE : The basic principle of the Earth’s Radiation Budget measurement is
illustrated at the left sketch. The incoming solar, reflected visible and remitted
infrared is separately measured with dedicated mission or detector unit, which is
represented by the green ellipsoid in the left. Right Sketch shows the concept of the
new method. Instead of separately measuring solar and terrestrial radiation
contributions, the detector unit is taking globally solar irradiance, the reflected visible
and the remitted thermal infrared radiation.
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
21 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
TR
Towards net TOA radiation imbalance estimation with new algorithm
2010 Jul.-Oct. (0.56Wm−2 )
2011 Mar.-Oct.(0.44Wm−2 )
2012 Mar.-Oct.(0.40Wm−2 )
2013 Mar.-Oct.( 0.40Wm−2 )
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
22 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
TR
F IGURE : A 0.43 ± 0.45Wm−2 net TOA radiation imbalance is obtained from this
approach based on the observations between 2011 and 2013 with a Bolometric
Oscillation Sensor aboard PICARD satellite.
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
23 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
1
B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
2
BOS-PICARD
3
S OLAR IRRADIANCE
4
S UMMARY
5
T ERRESTRIAL RADIATION
6
S UMMARY
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
TR
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
24 / 26
S OLAR - AND T ERRESTRIAL - RADIATION RECORDED BY THE B OLOMETRIC O SCILLATION S ENSOR
ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
TR
Comparing to the classical method, the new method shed a light on: real
time tracking ERB with one instrument; covering the diurnal cycle with
the same instrument aboard several satellites orbiting the Earth with
different ascending and descending nodes. The new approach will
essentially reduce the system errors than by comparing the
measurements of multiple sensors of several missions.
It is possible to design a detector payload on a nanosatellite mission
based on proposed new algorithm. It will provide a flexible and economy
solution to study the net of ERB with a nanosatellite consultation
network. In turn, it will add valuable information for the global climate
change from the energy budget point of view.
The method is also applicable for other planetary missions, to study their
climates even the inner activities.
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
25 / 26
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ABOARD THE PICARD MICROSATELLITE
TR
Thank You!
ROYAL O BSERVATORY OF B ELGIUM , AVENUE CIRCULAIRE 3, B RUSSELS , B ELGIUM
ZHUPING @ OMA . BE
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