KISII UNIVERSITY WORKPLACE POLICY ON ALCOHOL AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE 2015 i VISION A world class University in the advancement of academic excellence, research and social welfare. MISSION To train human resource that meets the development needs of the country and international labour market, sustain production of quality research and consultancy; disseminate knowledge, skills and Competencies for the advancement of humanity CORE VALUES Professionalism, teamwork, accountability, responsiveness, integrity ii iii DEFINITION OF TERMS The following are the definitions of terms as they apply to this Workplace Policy: Addict/Drug dependant: A person who continues using alcohol or other drugs despite the detrimental effects of such drugs. Such a person has impaired control over the usage and is preoccupied with drug use for non-therapeutic purposes. Addiction: Is a chronic disorder that has genetic, psychosocial and environmental dimensions, and is characterized by the continued use of a substance despite its detrimental effects. Alcohol: A drink containing ethanol as the active content. Alcohol abuse: Includes consuming alcohol whilst on duty, being at the workplace while under the influence of alcohol, and being incapable of effectively performing duties due to intoxication. Alcohol/Drug Dependence: The term implies the need for repeated doses of alcohol or drug to feel good or to avoid feeling bad. This is accompanied by a very strong desire for the drug of choice. Alcoholism: Is an illness characterized by preoccupation with alcohol and loss of control over its consumption. Care: Promotion of a person’s well-being through medical, physical, psychological, spiritual and other means. Chronic: Refers to a condition that continues or persists over an extended period of time. Confidentiality: The right of every person, employee or job applicant to have his/her medical or other information, including alcohol or drug use status, being kept secret. iv Counselling: A process whereby a person having challenges with Alcohol and Substance Abuse is assisted to think through the problem and find a possible solution including referral for specialized services. Current Usage: Consumption of alcohol or drugs within the last 30 days. Drug: Is any substance that, when absorbed into the body of a living organism, alters normal body functions either negatively or positively. Drug Abuse: Refers to consumption of illegal drugs or the unhealthy/excessive use of legal ones. Early detection: Mechanisms for diagnosing the onset of an individual’s consumption of alcohol and other drugs before it gets complicated. Employee Assistance Programmes (EAPs): Are employee benefit programmes offered by employers within the framework of counselling to assist employees deal with personal problems that might adversely impact on their work. Evaluation: The assessment of the impact of a programme at a particular point in time. Health Effects: Include the consequences and impact of Alcohol and Substance Abuse on one’s health and that of others around them. Licit: Legally available drugs. This includes Alcohol, Tobacco, Khat & prescription medicines. Inebriation: Feeling of a sense of false well-being after consuming a mood altering substance. Colloquially referred to as ‘feeling high’ Intoxication: Loss of physical, emotional and psychological control after consuming a mood altering substance. v Illicit: Illegal drugs. This includes Cannabis (Bhang), heroin, cocaine and other narcotic substances. This may also include inhalants, though legally available, are inhaled to cause inebriation. Past Usage: Previous consumption of alcohol or drugs by an individual in his/her lifetime. Policy: General guide setting out the position of the University on Alcohol and Substance Abuse at the workplace. Prevalence: A measure of the number of individuals abusing alcohol and drugs at a given period of time. Prevention: A programme or strategy designed to curtail the onset of Alcohol and Substance Abuse. Problem Drinkers: Are users of alcohol whose drinking patterns meet some defined criteria such as experiencing negative consequences including conflict with family members as well as exhibiting one or more symptoms of alcohol dependence. Programme: A plan of action, which includes planning, resource allocation, implementation, monitoring and evaluation. Rehabilitation: The process of assisting a member of staff to improve and recover lost physical and mental functioning for purposes of reintegration into society and the workplace. It includes enabling a member of staff to cease substance abuse in order to avoid the psychological, legal, financial, social and physical consequences. Referral: Is an act of sending a client to another professional or agency for appropriate care and services. Relapse: Resumption of alcohol or drug abuse after a period of abstinence. vi Support: Services and any other assistance provided to help a person living with Alcohol and Substance Abuse challenges. Treatment: Medical or non-medical care provided to improve the situation of a member of staff suffering from alcohol and drug dependence. Workplace: Occupational settings, stations and places where the staff members are officially engaged in implementing its mandate. vii ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ADA: Alcohol and Drug Abuse AUDIT: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test CAGE: Cutting down, Anger, Guilt, Eye opener EAPs: Employee Assistance Programs HOD: Head of Department IDUs: Injecting Drug Users IEC: Information, Education and Communication MAST: Michigan Alcohol Screening Test NACADA: National Campaign against Drug Abuse Authority SSA: Staff/student assistance UNODC: United Nations Office of Drug and Crime viii TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE ..................................................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. DEFINITION OF TERMS.....................................................................................................................iv ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................. viii 1.0 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Establishment of Kisii University .................................................................................... 1 1.2 Policy Overview...................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Background for Policy Formulation ............................................................................... 2 1.4 Rationale for Alcohol and Substance Abuse Policy ................................................... 4 1.5 Scope ........................................................................................................................................ 5 1.6 Policy Statement ................................................................................................................... 5 1.7 Policy Objectives ................................................................................................................... 5 2.0 GUIDING PRINCIPLES ............................................................................................................ 6 2.1 Confidentiality ....................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Autonomy ................................................................................................................................ 6 2.3 Beneficence............................................................................................................................. 6 2.4 Non-malficence...................................................................................................................... 6 2.5 Impartiality ............................................................................................................................. 6 2.6 Informed Consent ................................................................................................................. 6 2.7 Professionalism ..................................................................................................................... 7 3.0 GUIDELINES FOR IMPLEMENTING THE POLICY ........................................................ 7 3.1 Prohibited Behaviour........................................................................................................... 7 3.2 Searches .................................................................................................................................. 7 3.3 Alcohol use at University Events..................................................................................... 8 3.4 Procedures in Case of Violation ....................................................................................... 8 3.5 Sanctions ................................................................................................................................ 9 4.0 PREVENTION AND INTERVENTION STRATEGIES ...................................................... 9 ix 4.1 Prevention .............................................................................................................................. 9 4.2 Interventions ....................................................................................................................... 10 4.3 Specific Interventions ........................................................................................................ 11 4.3.1 Staff/Student Assistance (SSA) ............................................................................. 11 4.3.2 Family Education Class ............................................................................................ 11 4.3.3 Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) ...................................................................................... 12 4.3.4 Narcotics Anonymous (NA) ....................................................................................... 12 4.3.5 Support Activities ........................................................................................................ 12 5.0 POLICY IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING AND EVALUATION ............................ 13 5.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................ 13 5.1.1 Persons Responsible of Implementation ................................................................. 13 5.2 Implementation Framework ............................................................................................ 14 5.3 Anti-ADA Committee ......................................................................................................... 15 5.3.1 Membership of the Anti-ADA Committee ................................................................ 16 5.3.2 Functions of the Anti-ADA Committee ..................................................................... 17 5.4 Coordinator Anti-ADA Unit ............................................................................................... 17 5.4.1 Qualifications ................................................................................................................... 17 5.4.2 Duties and responsibilities .......................................................................................... 17 5.4.3 Tenure of Office................................................................................................................ 18 5.5 Programme Officer - Staff/Students Assistance Programmes ............................. 18 5.5.1 Qualifications ................................................................................................................... 18 5.5.2 Duties and Responsibilities ......................................................................................... 18 5.6. Programme Officer - Rehabilitation .............................................................................. 19 5.6.1 Qualifications ................................................................................................................... 19 5.6.2 Duties and Responsibilities ......................................................................................... 19 6.0 PARTNERSHIPS AND SUSTAINABILITY ......................................................................... 26 7.0 MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK (M&E) .......................................... 26 x 8.0 MOBILIZATION OF RESOURCES .........................................Error! Bookmark not defined. 9.0 POLICY REVIEW .........................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. 10.0 CONCLUSION ..............................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. 11.0 EFFECTIVE DATE ......................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. SELECTED REFERENCES .............................................................................................................. 29 APPENDIX I: CLIENT CONSENT FORM ................................................................................ 30 xi 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Establishment of Kisii University Aims of Kisii University according to section 6 of its charter (Universities Act NO. 42 of 2012) are to: (a) produce competent graduates; (b) offer high quality education; (c) generate appropriate knowledge, skill, competencies and innovation outputs that impact on the national development goals and social welfare; (d) produce, transfer and disseminate appropriate technology for the benefit of the University, industry and society in general. 1.2 Policy Overview Drugs are pharmaceutical products or substances that are meant to bring about a desired change in the existing state of the user. This change can either be psychological, physiological, biochemical or even emotional. Essentially, drugs are produced and consumed for the purpose of curative or prevention of physiological, psychological conditions. As such, all drugs and substances have the potential of altering the functioning of the human body. Drug abuse on the other hand, is the use of drugs for reasons other than medical or therapeutic. Such abuse can either be psychotropic or moodaltering such as psychoactive ones. It is against this backdrop that Kisii University, being a legal entity, and subject to the statutes of the Kenyan Law (Kisii University Order, 2007), desires to be responsible for the wellbeing and safety of her staff and students. The University acknowledges that one of the major contemporary challenges is the abuse of alcohol and drugs. Such abuses have far reaching implications in terms of individual productivity and Institutional wellbeing. Consequently, this policy aims at informing staff, students, stakeholders and the community around the University about the dangers of alcohol, drug and substance abuse. Since students constitute the largest proportion of University population; they are the most vulnerable and easy target for drugs due to several factors including social and peer pressure. The policy was developed with cognizance of the Alcoholic Drinks Control Act of 2009, popularly referred to as the ‘Mututho’ Act. 1 This policy has formulated strategies and measures within the University structure which is meant to assist those who may be tempted to abuse, or struggling with the abuse of drugs. The policy further clarifies the mechanisms that will be applied when dealing with any such cases. 1.3 Background for Policy Formulation People abuse substances such as drugs, alcohol and tobacco for varied and complex reasons. Whatever the reason, the society pays a significant cost. This can be confirmed in hospitals and emergency departments through direct damage to health by substance abuse and its link to physical trauma and crime. Abused substances produce some form of intoxication that alters judgment, perception, attention or physical control. Many substances can bring on withdrawal effect caused by cessation or reduction in the amount of the substance used. Withdrawal can range from mild anxiety, to seizures and hallucinations. Drug overdose may cause death. Nearly all drugs also produce phenomena known as tolerance where one must use a larger amount of the drug to produce the same level of intoxication. For example, cigarettes produce nicotine and other chemicals that cause lung cancer, heart disease, peptic ulcer and stroke. Withdrawal symptoms include anxiety, hunger, sleep disturbances and depression. Alcohol depresses the brain and lessens inhibitions, slurs speech and decreases muscle control and co-ordination. Withdrawal from alcohol may cause anxiety, irregular heartbeat, tremor, seizures, hallucinations, malnutrition, liver failure, enlargement and cancer of the esophagus, pancreas, stomach and fatal motor accidents. Marijuana or grass, herb (Cannabis sativa) produces delta-atetrahydrocannabinol THC) the cause of intoxication. Continual use of marijuana may lead to use of other drugs. Both short-term and long-term use of other drugs can damage the heart, the brain, lung and kidneys. According to the National Campaign Against Drug Abuse Authority (NACADA) guidelines for developing workplace Alcohol and Substance Abuse policy (June 2009), an ideal workplace policy on Alcohol and Substance Abuse 2 should address issues of preventive education; referral for treatment and rehabilitation. Such a policy should also address the psycho-social support, acquisition and dissemination of behaviour change materials, minimization of denial and stigma associated with dependence among others. NACADA further argues that Alcohol and Substance Abuse in the workplace has the potential to negatively affect the health, safety productivity and performance of employees, which result in low business output in organizations. Although Alcohol and Substance Abuse happens in the contexts of family and the wide society, the workplace offers a chance for early detection, intervention and psycho-social support for employees, for the benefit of the employees, family and community at large. It is against this background that Kisii University has found it necessary to put an Alcohol and Substance Abuse policy in place to ensure a conducive academic and work environment. Based on the University’s mission, vision and philosophy, the policy will ensure an environment that is conducive for work and the pursuit of knowledge for national, global and also foster social, cultural and intellectual wellbeing of staff and students. Pursuance of the policy seeks to create a free environment where harmful behaviour can endanger both the individual user and others. Acknowledging that drug abuse leads to low work productivity, poor academic performance, increased drop-out rates and, therefore, undermining the University’s mission, the University strictly prohibits Alcohol and Substance Abuse in all her premises. Alcohol and Substance Abuse basically limits one’s full potential in participation and contribution to the full realization of the University’s vision, mission and philosophy. Furthermore, since Alcohol and Substance Abuse are potentially harmful to the health of the entire University, it is the duty of the University to care for her staff and students. Since Alcohol and Substance Abuse are a treatable condition, the University, therefore, offers programmes and services for those in her community with alcohol and substance abuse problems. The policy of Kisii University will be to support staff and students who will be receiving treatment for drug and substance addiction, but the treatment should not be construed to mean escape from disciplinary action. Individuals who may have drug addiction problems and who do not opt to seek treatment 3 may in the end have their employment terminated or studies discontinued from the University in accordance with the University policy. Both staff and students with addiction problem will be encouraged to enroll in a treatment programme and show evidence of completion before being reinstated. Since dealing with alcoholism and drug abuse is a sensitive matter, strict confidentiality will be adhered to at all times during treatment and referral to or from other agencies. Consequently this policy is purposely designed to take care of the concerns of the University on alcohol, drug and substance abuse in order to ensure that Kisii University is an Alcohol and Substance Abuse free zone as well as to comply with the government of Kenya laws which prohibit illegal drugs and substance abuse in work and education places. As such the policy applies to all the entire Kisii University community. 1.4 Rationale for Alcohol and Substance Abuse Policy Kisii University is charged with production of high calibre human resource capable of transforming theoretical skills to practical competencies for the development of the society and the country as a whole. The effects of Alcohol and Substance Abuse on staff, students and stakeholders need to be addressed so as to reverse the far reaching consequences on academic performance and productivity. The Workplace Policy on Alcohol and Substance Abuse for the University will; (i) Help the University to increase employee/worker and student confidence, morale and reduce absenteeism. (ii) Guide the University and create awareness on the harmful effects of Alcohol and Substance Abuse. (iii) Assist the University in managing cases arising from Alcohol and Substance Abuse through early detection and intervention. (iv) Ensure knowledge and understanding of rules related to Alcohol and Substance Abuse as well as structure and procedure for dealing with them are known by all members of the University community. (v) Guide the University to establish a corporate culture and practice that prevent and pre-empt Alcohol and Substance Abuse within the institution. (vi) Enable the University to maintain alcohol and drug free, healthy and productive members. 4 1.5 Scope The following will be the scope of this policy: (i) The policy shall apply to all Kisii University staff, students and other persons operating/found within Kisii University precincts, including vendors, visitors and other stakeholders. All contractors conducting business or providing services shall abide by this policy while in Kisii University premises. (ii) This policy shall provide procedures to help staff, students and contracting agencies to understand and put into practice its provisions. (iii) This policy shall spell out the guidelines and regulations for preventive measures for Alcohol and Substance Abuse. 1.6 Policy Statement Kisii University is committed to an “Alcohol and Substance Abuse free work environment” as the guiding principle. It shall endeavour to co-ordinate the prevention, early detection, mitigation and management of Alcohol and Substance Abuse through education, advocacy, empowerment, enforcement and partnership for a productive workforce. With this Policy as a guide, the management, staff, students and stakeholders have the collective responsibility of addressing Alcohol and Substance Abuse issues. 1.7 Policy Objectives The following objectives are set to achieve the above vision: a) b) c) d) e) f) Develop institutional and operational structures for effective implementation of Alcohol and Substance Abuse programmes. Empower the staff and students with relevant knowledge and information on Alcohol and Substance Abuse to make informed decisions. Promote and embrace corporate culture that discourages Alcohol and Substance Abuse in the workplace. Mitigate on conditions which may expose staff and students to the risk of developing alcohol and drug related problems. Mobilization of the University Community to participate in Alcohol and Substance Abuse, prevention, control and treatment programmes. Design programmes that will address stigma, misconceptions and myths associated with Alcohol and Substance Abuse. 5 g) h) i) j) Establish monitoring and evaluation mechanism for Alcohol and Substance Abuse Programmes. Promotion of research on prevention, care, treatment, cure and other related interventions on alcohol and substance abuse. Strengthening and promoting the Employee/students Assistance Programmes on the management of alcohol and substance abuse. Networking with other stakeholders to facilitate the fulfilment of the policy vision. 2.0 GUIDING PRINCIPLES The University is devoted to ensuring the safety, health and wellbeing of all employees and students in the workplace. The policy shall be guided by the following principles:2.1 Confidentiality Access to client information is limited to those who have a legitimate need to know in compliance with relevant laws and management policies and shall not be shared or used discriminately against the particular staff or student. 2.2 Autonomy Counselling on Alcohol and Substance Abuse shall empower the client to make appropriate decisions, choose their own direction, and take necessary actions in a therapeutic relationship. 2.3 Beneficence Alcohol and Substance Abuse programmes shall respect the dignity and promote the welfare of clients and will be geared entirely for the client’s well being. 2.4 Non-malficence Doing no harm; counsellors promote this principle by avoiding any behaviour that can cause harm or has the potential to harm client either physically or emotionally. 2.5 Impartiality Alcohol and Substance Abuse programmes shall be provided in a fair and impartial manner to all clients. 2.6 Informed Consent The client has a right to be informed, by way of documentation, about alcohol and drugs treatment procedures, goals and benefits so as to make an informed decision on whether or not to participate. In-case of continued use of 6 drugs that may be a threat to the security of other employees, students and the assets, the University shall take ultimate decisive action to contain any possible harm. 2.7 Professionalism Alcohol and Substance Abuse programmes shall be implemented by persons possessing requisite skills and/or certifications from relevant certified bodies and shall uphold professional ethics. 3.0 GUIDELINES FOR IMPLEMENTING THE POLICY 3.1 Prohibited Behaviour Subject to the provision of clause 3.3 the following shall be considered as prohibited behaviour;(i) Manufacture, distribution, dispensing, possession, consumption, sale and advertisement of alcohol and other drugs within the premises, in halls of residence, in University vehicles or while on official assignments. (ii) The use of alcohol and other drugs of abuse as items for expense account reimbursement. University prohibits possession of any illicit drugs in the University premises by members of staff, students or person(s) operating / found within its precincts including visitors and stakeholders. (iii) Payment of any wages in the form of alcohol and drugs or giving rewards/tokens or materials that in any way may trigger alcohol and drug craving. (iv) Misuse of drugs and laboratory chemicals by any staff/student or stakeholder within the University premises. (v) The University forbids any staff, students or person(s) to be under influence of alcohol or any illicit drugs while on the University premises. (vi) Kisii University forbids any alcoholic drinks and drugs at any University event unless with permission from University Management. (vii) Under the Laws of Kenya, it is illegal to sell alcohol to persons under the age of 18 years. 3.2 (i) (ii) Searches Any person who transacts business for or on behalf of the University shall be requested to consent for a search and inspection at the workplace or at any University function. A person reasonably suspected of having alcohol and illicit drugs would be required to undergo a search or inspection at any time. 7 (iii) (iv) (v) Search and inspection may be conducted within the workplace from time to time by professional persons as the University will determine. Any search must be carried out professionally. A search on a suspected male violator shall be carried out by a male officer and a female violator by a female officer. The search shall be in a manner not to prejudice the rights of the suspect. 3.3 Alcohol use at University Events In a University function the organizers have the following responsibilities: (a) Obtain prior permission from the relevant authority about presence of alcohol in the function. (b) Ensure that alcohol is not served wherever there are minors. (c) Ensure that normalcy is maintained by preventing abusive and unsafe behaviour. (d) Ensure there is adequate security. (e) Identify and minimize harmful alcohol related cases. (f) Keep the event within the stipulated time. (g) Evaluate an event where problems occurred so as to avoid repetition of similar situations in future. 3.4 Procedures in Case of Violation A member of staff or student who is found to have violated the Workplace Policy on Alcohol and Substance Abuse will be subject to disciplinary measures, up to and including discontinuation/termination. The following steps will be taken: (i) (ii) Thorough investigation by the university management. The immediate supervisor or Dean of Students would give a confidential report of the drug problem and its impact on job or academic performance. The university management will take appropriate action which may include suspension/expulsion/dismissal/referral for treatment. The drug abuser referred for treatment will undertake psychosocial assessment to find out whether he/she will benefit from an outpatient programme or an inpatient/ residential programme. If a client is recommended for an inpatient programme, he/she will be referred to one of the rehabilitation centres in the country. The client will be required to produce evidence of completion of treatment from the recommended rehabilitation centre. 8 (iii) If after assessment it is found that the drug abuser will benefit from an outpatient programme by university counsellors, a plan will be put in place which will include treatment, counselling and rehabilitation. (iv) Staff and students are expected to be committed to follow through the treatment plan laid out for them. (v) Upon completion of the outpatient programme, the client will be issued with a certificate of completion as evidence that he/she is ready to resume work/study. In addition, an aftercare plan will be drawn to help the client maintain sobriety. (vi) Involve a social worker/support groups as the problem might be stemming from elsewhere or is a result of frustrations. 3.5 Sanctions (a) Any staff member or student found to violate drug and alcohol policy will face disciplinary action including suspension, expulsion, dismissal, or compulsory referral for treatment. Any member of staff who violates the drug and alcohol abuse policy will be required to undergo the rehabilitation programme to facilitate continued employment or studies. A Certificate of completion of rehabilitation programme will be required from a rehabilitated member of staff before re-employment or resumption of studies in case of students. Kisii University will welcome any decision to seek help and this initiative will not be used as a basis for disciplinary actions, provided this decision occurs before the discovery of contraventions of the Drug and Alcohol Policy. (b) (c) 4.0 PREVENTION AND INTERVENTION STRATEGIES 4.1 Prevention The prevention strategies will include: seminars, workshops and issuance of hand pamphlets, clubs etc. Kisii University recognizes drug and substance abuse as a treatable condition and offers programmes and services for University staff and students with drug addiction problems. They are encouraged to seek assistance, as appropriate, from available Support Programmes; Health Unit, and Counselling Department. Intervention is a key element to maintaining a safe and healthy workplace/institution of higher learning free of drug and substance abuse. Intervention can either be voluntary or mandatory. 9 Voluntary intervention is willingness by the affected individual to seek help or to enter a rehabilitation programme for drug and substance abuse treatment. Mandatory intervention occurs when there is reasonable evidence to indicate that a person is abusing drugs or is not functioning effectively. Such a person may be asked to submit to a treatment programme and if he/she refuses, he/she will be subjected to disciplinary action, up to and including termination/discontinuation. The goal of the Alcohol and Substance Abuse counselling services is to help clients struggling with drug and substance abuse to lead a drug free life and become productive members of society. This will be done through intensive counselling and case management by personnel that have specialized in the area of drug and substance abuse. 4.2 Interventions (a) Outpatient programme Clients enrolled in this programme will attend weekly individual counselling sessions for at least eight weeks. Such clients will be those in the early or experimental stages of drug abuse. The psycho-social assessment administered at any recognized Counselling Centre will help to determine the right candidates for this programme. (b) Day treatment programme The Day Treatment Programme will be more intensive than the typical outpatient Drug Treatment Programme. Day Treatment clients will spend most of the time in the intensive programme activities between 8.00 a.m. and 12 noon. This kind of programme will help the clients to avoid expensive residential programmes which majority of them may not afford. Clients in this programme are those in the advanced stages of addiction. (c) Residential programme This programme will be situated in the proposed Kisii University Rehabilitation Centre. It will be intensive and highly structured, offering the best drug and substance abuse rehabilitation services. Clients with chronic addiction problems will be referred to this programme which will take at least 30-90 days at a cost of Kshs. 30,000 per month. The parents/guardians of the student clients shall meet the cost of rehabilitation. Individual staff members will meet their own financial implications for rehabilitation or make case-wise financial arrangements with the Human Resource Division. Individuals from the 10 surrounding community and the general public shall be bound to the cost that shall be reviewed annually. (d) Treatment and rehabilitation programme Employees with alcohol or drug abuse-related problems will not be discriminated against and will access healthcare services similar to employees with other similar problems. In addition, they will receive similar benefits such as paid sick leave, annual leave, leave without pay and healthcare insurance cover, in accordance with Kenyan Law and Practice. Rehabilitated employees will be reintegrated into the normal working system and helped to adapt to the prevailing working conditions. Rehabilitated students will not be discriminated after rehabilitation, but will rather be allowed/assisted during the aftercare to complete their studies. The University will coordinate assistance programmes for staff through Employee Assistance Programmes (EAPs). Employees with Alcohol and Substance Abuse problems will be treated as persons suffering from a normal health problem and will be offered counselling, treatment and rehabilitation alternatives before disciplinary action measures are imposed. No staff member should, during working hours become intoxicated, rendering himself/herself unwilling or incapable to properly perform his/her duties. Such an action on the part of the employee shall constitute gross misconduct and/or serious neglect and shall justify dismissal subject to the normal disciplinary process. 4.3 Specific Interventions 4.3.1 Staff/Student Assistance (SSA) This intervention will help members of staff/students struggling with drug and substance abuse problems. Staff/students will be enrolled in any of the above programmes but there will be separate sections for both groups and individual therapy. 4.3.2 Family Education Class Addiction, sadly, is a family disease. The purpose of this class will be to educate the families of the recovering addicts about the disease of addiction. Family members and guardians will be encouraged to attend classes once a week, but with the client’s consent. Information obtained regarding a member of staff or student participating in such programmes or services will be treated 11 as confidential. There are other international organizations with specific programmes dealing with alcoholics and narcotics such as AA and NA. 4.3.3 Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) This is an international organization/fellowship for recovering addicts. It follows the Twelve Steps and Traditions of Alcoholics Anonymous. The group meets once a week to discuss issues on addiction especially relapse prevention. In some cases, the AA meetings are held every day at lunch time or in the morning between 7 a.m. and 8 a.m. The recovering addicts share their experiences and encourage one another while holding each other accountable. Since recovery is an on-going process, the recovering addicts do not terminate the AA meetings. Clients who have been through other types of treatment programmes will be encouraged to attend the AA meetings as part of the aftercare plan. 4.3.4 Narcotics Anonymous (NA) NA is an international organization similar to AA. NA meetings are aimed at recovering narcotic addicts and the structure is the same as for AA 4.3.5 Support Activities Kisii University shall be proactive in the prevention of alcohol and substance Abuse among students, staff and the surrounding community. To address this, the staff and students should work together in the implementation of the policy. To achieve this, Kisii University shall:(i) Conduct behaviour change through Information Education and Communication (IEC), seminars, workshops and public lectures on alcohol and substance abuse. (ii) Involve the community groups and individual in dissemination of information on Alcohol and Substance Abuse. (iii) Introduce a Drug and Substance Awareness week in the university calendar. (iv) Encourage counselling through Peer Counsellors and University Student Counsellors. (v) Involve Employee Assistance Programme, students and staff respectively in fight against drug and substance abuse (vi) Encourage visits to drug based treatment centres and support systems and groups such as NACADA, A.A. (Alcoholic anonymous), Rehabilitation Centres and other related groups. (vii) Provide a safe, healthy working and learning environment of staff and students in high risk environment. 12 (viii) Strengthen extra curricula activities to provide recreation for students and staff to divert their attention from involving themselves into drug and substance abuse and related irresponsible behaviour. (ix) Set up collaborative research and other linkages on drug and substance abuse. 5.0 POLICY IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING AND EVALUATION 5.1 Overview The Kisii University Alcohol and Substance Abuse policy implementation requires an integrated and effective monitoring and evaluation system with appropriate and efficient feedback mechanisms build on the capacity to carry out collaborative interventions against alcohol and substance abuse. This will include awareness, prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and support. 5.1.1 Persons Responsible of Implementation Kisii University Community has a responsibility to implement the Workplace Policy on Alcohol and Substance Abuse of the University. A safe and productive drug free workplace is achieved through shared responsibility and co-operation between staff and management. 5.1.2 Staff/employee has responsibility to:(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Be concerned about working in a safe environment, Support fellow workers in seeking help, Use the Employee Assistance Programme, Make known undesirable Alcohol and Substance Abuse related behaviour to their Head of Department/supervisor, Not to stigmatize or discriminate against those undergoing rehabilitation, Avail him/herself for rehabilitation when identified 5.1.3 Heads of Departments/Sections have responsibility to:(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) Inform and educate employees on this policy on departmental level, Observe employee change in performance, Investigate and make known reports of dangerous practices arising from Alcohol and Substance Abuse, Refer clients to the Employee Assistance Programme, Motivation/incentives plans for successfully rehabilitated officers in accordance to collective responsibility, Clearly communicate consequences of violating the policy Keep records of employees confidential. 13 5.1.4 Students have responsibility to:(a) (b) Adhere to Students’ discipline and conduct as governed by the university rules stipulated in the students’ Handbook. Obey the administrative and academic staff members of the University who have the authority in areas of their jurisdiction or competence in enforcing the rules and regulations. 5.2 Implementation Framework The implementation of the Alcohol and Substance Abuse Policy requires a well co-ordinated and guided institutional framework to translate goals, objectives and strategies into action programmes at all levels of the University functions. The implementation will, be operationalised through the existing University institutional structures. The overall responsibility for the implementation of this Alcohol and Substance Abuse Policy lies with the Vice-Chancellor on behalf of the University Council. However, the responsibilities outlined in the Policy shall be delegated according to structures of the University. The proposed Anti-ADA Unit shall be responsible for coordinating, monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the policy. The mandate of the proposed unit shall constitute, but not limited to: (a) Co-ordinate implementation, evaluation and review of the policy (b) Enhancing research on Alcohol and Substance Abuse at the University and other institutions at national level. (c) Promoting the integration of Alcohol and Substance Abuse studies in University courses at Kisii University. (d) Advocating for Alcohol and Substance Abuse mainstreaming in development and influence University policies. (e) Ensure knowledge and understanding of rules related to Alcohol and Substance Abuse as well as structure and procedure for dealing with them are known by all members of the University community. (f) Identifying Alcohol and Substance Abuse concerns, needs, priorities, constraints and opportunities within the University on the promotion of “Alcohol and Substance Abuse free work environment” (g) Carrying out prevention activities such as seminars, workshops and issuance of hand pamphlets, clubs for awareness and dissemination of Alcohol and Substance Abuse issues. (h) Linking with other institutions, organizations and government in the fight against Alcohol and Substance Abuse. (i) Networking with other stakeholders to facilitate the fulfilment of the policy vision. (j) Training of students, staff and the promotion of research on Alcohol and Substance Abuse. 14 (k) Offering consultancy services in Alcohol and Substance Abuse issues. 5.3 Anti-ADA Committee The proposed Anti-ADA Unit shall be run under the Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Administration, Planning & Finance) by the Coordinator who will oversee the day-to-day running of the Unit in accordance to the University procedures. The Anti-ADA Unit Coordinator will be assisted by two Programme Officers who will be in-charge of the Units’ Sub-sections. The entire unit will be run by an Anti-ADA Committee which will be appointed by the University Management Board. 15 VICE CHANCELLOR DEPUTY VICE CHANCELLOR ADMIN, PLANNING & FIN. ADA BOARD COORDINATOR Programme Officer Rehabilitation Programme Officer Staff/Student Assistance Programmes Programme Assistant Secretary Clerk Cleaner/Messenger Fig. 5.0: The Anti-ADA Unit Structure 5.3.1 Membership of the Anti-ADA Committee The Committee membership shall be comprised of representatives from the key essential Departments of the University including (but not limited to), Human Resource, Student Affairs, Medical, Counselling, Academic Affairs, Halls, ICT and Director self sponsored programmes appointed by the Vice Chancellor. Proposed individuals to the committee shall undergo thorough vetting exercise by the University management Team before being appointed as committee members. The Coordinator of the Anti-ADA Unit shall be the Secretary of the Committee. 16 5.3.2 Functions of the Anti-ADA Committee The Anti-ADA committee shall operate to undertake the following duties but not limited to:(a) Oversee the overall implementation of the Alcohol and Substance Abuse Policy. (b) Advocate for Alcohol and Substance Abuse issues in decision making at all levels; (c) Give timely support and advice to the Anti-ADA Unit Coordinator, in carrying out Alcohol and Substance Abuse implementation procedures. (d) Help in the mainstreaming of Alcohol and Substance Abuse issues within the University structure. (e) Assist in budgeting of the allocation that will be given to the unit by the University or through external sourcing to facilitate the implementation of the Policy. (f) Deal with any policy non-conformities as well as policy violation. 5.4 Coordinator Anti-ADA Unit 5.4.1 Qualifications (a) Masters degree in Counselling, Social Work, Health Systems Management, or related field from an accredited college or university. (b) Bachelors degree in Counselling, Social Work, Health Systems Management, or related field from an accredited college or university. (c) Experience in handling persons recovering from Alcohol and Substance Abuse. (d) 5 years’ experience in providing direct clinical services including chemical dependency work, crisis intervention, traumatic stress intervention and short-term problem solving. 5.4.2 Duties and responsibilities (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) Provide and ensure quality Alcohol and Substance Abuse services to the University staff and students Ensure that Alcohol and Substance Abuse programmes are mainstreamed in the core functions of the University’s strategic plan. Provide and advocate for Alcohol and Substance Abuse services to University staff and students at all levels. Co-ordinate the implementation of the workplace Alcohol and Substance Abuse Policy in the University workplaces. Review Policy, strategy and guidelines on Alcohol and Substance Abuse services. Provide information necessary for planning and budgeting for Alcohol and Substance Abuse programmes. Co-ordinate the development of Alcohol and Substance Abuse Information, Education and Communication (IEC) materials. 17 (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) Identify Alcohol and Substance Abuse needs and develop appropriate intervention programmes for University staff and students. Identify training needs and facilitate capacity building for staff in the university workplaces in liaison with other organizations. Network with relevant organizations and individuals to enhance Alcohol and Substance Abuse services. Develop mechanisms for monitoring and evaluation of Alcohol and Substance Abuse services. Create awareness among the University staff and students on Alcohol and Substance Abuse. Promote partnership with Alcohol and Substance Abuse Service providers across Institutions, development partners and stakeholders Represent staff/students in disciplinary cases that are related to ADA 5.4.3 Tenure of Office The Coordinator will be appointed to hold office for a term of three years renewable once. 5.5 Programme Officer - Staff/Students Assistance Programmes This job is responsible for applying counselling and chemical dependency expertise when providing evaluation, referral, counselling, emergency, and follow up services for employees and students of the University. This job will function as a management consultant to all levels of the university administration. 5.5.1 Qualifications (a) Relevant first degree or its equivalent in Counselling, Social Work, Public Administration, Institutional management, or related field from an accredited college or university. (b) 2 plus years of experience providing Employee Assistance Program (EAP) services. (c) Certification in professional addiction counselling will be an added advantage. 5.5.2 Duties and Responsibilities (a) (b) (c) Develop and implement university employee assistance program (UEAP) to provide assistance to employees, students and other entities regarding various medical, mental or other personal matters; develops specific prevention and treatment plans based on information provided. Provide individual, couple/family counselling, case management, shortterm problem solving, and referral to community or other available resources. Consult with all levels of hospital staff on difficult employee situations and responds to critical incidents with strategies and resources to address personal and workplace problems. 18 (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) Provide crisis intervention and Critical Incident Stress Management debriefings. Provide supervisory consultations and support for work-related issues to managers and appropriate human resources staff. Monitor and review employer-related referrals through completion of services and prepares written reports. Provide employee and management orientations regarding EAP's role and services. Maintain current and complete records regarding client care including treatment plans and consent to treatment. Develop and implement psycho-educational programmes on a variety of topics. Performs other related job duties as assigned. 5.6. Programme Officer - Rehabilitation The primary role of the rehabilitation Programme Officer is to work with the medical department, interdisciplinary management/staff, Anti-ADA Coordinator and occupational health services to maintain programme excellence and accreditation through the development of a viable interdisciplinary team/partnership. This is also through the development and implementation of all rehabilitation programmes, working with operational leadership team and medical specialists. 5.6.1 Qualifications (a) (b) (c) Relevant first degree or its equivalent in an allied health field, hospital administration or business administration; Minimum of five years management experience in an allied health field, with acute rehabilitation centre experience preferred; Certification in professional addiction counselling will be an added advantage. 5.6.2 Duties and Responsibilities (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Report directly to the director the results of treatment techniques used within the program. Supervise all treatment personnel; i.e., counselling staff and adjunct therapy staff, including volunteers. Supervise the development of all treatment plans and conduct a monthly review of the status of all clients of the program. Maintain the facility habitable standards for customer satisfaction and strives to meet and exceed other goals. Facilitate a strategic plan and vision for the facility that incorporates the strategic goals of the program,. Work with the operations leadership team, medical directors and program teams to formulate a marketing plan to position facility as the rehab centre of choice in the area; interacts with internal/external customers and professional associations to gather input on this plan. 19 (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p) (q) (r) Work with the operations leadership team to compile a program evaluation report needed for regulatory/accreditation compliance. Work with medical department and other departments to assure that all policies and procedures are reviewed in a timely manner and are in compliance with regulatory and accreditation standards. Communicate financial, marketing and key strategic directions to team to assure all staff, student and other clients receive the information needed to be successful. Facilitate the development of trusting relationships and partnerships with physicians, payers, patients and co-workers, including a close working relationship with medical department that includes them in program and policy decisions. Serve as coach, mentor and positive role model. Hold self and other leaders accountable to the highest standards. Transport patients between facilities as needed for work purposes. Teaching clients coping mechanisms Leading group therapy sessions Providing updates and progress reports to courts Referring clients to support groups Perform other related job duties as assigned. 20 Table 1: Implementation Matrix Awareness and Prevention Policy Statement Conduct seminars, workshops and public lectures on drug and substance abuse Activities The University shall integrate drug and substance abuse issues in all public addresses, workshops, official functions and welfare gatherings. The University shall show films, conduct dramas, music, arts and other competitions during the annual ADA awareness week. Involve community groups and individuals in dissemination of information e.g. faith based groups and community leaders Introduce a drug and substance abuse awareness day/week in the University calendar Action Management, Anti-ADA Unit, Dean’s & C.O.D.s Management, Anti-ADA Unit Support groups Anti-ADA Unit VC Management Support groups Anti-ADA Unit The University shall set up a drug free campaign week (second week of the beginning of second semester). Management Support groups Anti-ADA Unit The University shall invite Role models and success stories of those who have overcome drug dependence problems to give talks during ADA week The University shall ensure provision of a column in the University newsletter/journal. Organising of quarterly outreach programmes with community groups Community leaders be invited to give speeches during annual ADA week. 21 -Encourage counselling through Peer counselling groups among staff and their families and student -Encourage abstinence -Establish and maintain peer counselling for staff to source and disseminate information on drug and substance abuse management Recruit and train peer counsellors annually. Form and support EAP, clubs and encourage collaboration and networking. Install pamphlets in strategic places e.g. clubs, drinking areas, halls of residence, library, lecture theatres among other. Dean of Students Anti-ADA Unit Faculty Deans Management areas Encourage visit to high risk environments Create awareness on benefits and importance of abstinence on the use of alcohol and substance during ADA week. Dean of Students Anti-ADA Unit Prevention of drug and substance abuse Staff, Students in high risk environments. Organize for internal workshop for high risk departments such as transport, Estates, farm among others at least once a year. Management Anti-ADA Unit Strengthen extra curricula activities to provide recreation for students and staff to divert attention from drug and substance abuse. Improve sports such as Gym, indoor games to encourage students and staff to participate in competitive and leisurely sports. Initiate creative performance of drama activities on weekends and public holidays Encourage Staff and Students to write at least 2 proposals and research papers annually on alcohol and substance abuse related issues. Games Department Management Dean of Students Deans of Students Set up collaborative research on drug and substance abuse. 22 Management Dean of Faculties Dean of Students Support and Treatment Policy Statement -Establish counselling services and support systems to provide guidelines on healthy living and abstinence. -Liaise with other organizations Activities Encourage seminars on drug & substance detoxification updates within the University during the annual awareness workshop. Action VC Dean of Students Anti-ADA Unit Network at all times with other organizations to initiate seminars on support and treatment of the affected persons. Dean of Students Anti-ADA Unit Provide and dispense quality and affordable detoxification Source for detoxification materials from Nacada and other agencies Promote and co-ordinate support groups to encourage those who are recovering from alcohol and substance abuse Train 5 counsellors to run support groups to support those in recovery. Initiate collaboration and networking between groups focusing on support groups (e.g AA) Anti-ADA Unit Librarian Anti-ADA Unit Chief Medical Officer Provision of Compassionate Care and Support to Those Recovering From Drug and Substance Abuse The University to provide a favourable working environment for those recovering from drug and substance abuse and have reduced workload when needed Anti-ADA Unit to provide conducive environment for workers for instance care and support those affected. Introduction of outpatient counselling services within the first year of inception. Anti-ADA Unit University Management Recognize and institutionalize welfare groups as means of educating those involved in drug and substance abuse Identify and train leaders in welfare groups as counsellors during the annual ADA awareness workshop. Anti-ADA Unit Counselling 23 Promote and facilitate support groups and treatment for those under drug influence Expand support groups for ongoing treatment of drug dependants. Initiate collaboration and networking with external donors through proposals. Consider gender in support and treatment services Prevent relapse by supporting therapies that aim to modify behaviour Initiate collaboration with institute of gender studies with views of having gender balance in multidisciplinary treatment. Initiate seminars with a view to sensitize students and staff through skill development i.e. social skills, assertiveness and stress management as need be. Anti-ADA Unit Anti-ADA Unit Directorate of Research Anti-ADA Unit Management Dean of Students Management Anti-ADA Unit Information, Education and Communication (IEC) Materials on Drug and Substance Abuse Policy statement The University shall support production of Information, Education and Communication (IEC) materials on drug and substance abuse. Activities Facilitate development acquisition and dissemination of IEC materials on drug and substance abuse during ADA week. Action VC Dean of Students Deans HODs Drug and Substance Abuse Outreach Programmes Encourage adoption of community based programmes through outreach and extension programmes. Focus – group discussions with communications Train counsellors for community-based programmes annually 24 Anti-ADA Unit Dean of Students Provincial Administration Provide information on life skills, facilitate visit of counsellors to community during outreach. Anti-ADA Unit Dean of Students Monitoring and Evaluation of Drug and Substance Abuse Policy Implementation Policy statement 6.5.8.1 The University to integrate strategies and mechanisms for monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the drug and substance abuse policy. Ensure review of this policy appropriately in order to address the realities of drug and substance abuse. Activities The Establishment of Drug and Substance Unit. To develop a monitoring and Evaluation Frame Work that captures Drug and Substance Abuse The University to Provide Adequate Resources to make Monitoring and Evaluation Successful Staff capacity building in ADA counselling, care and treatment. The impact to be monitoring by evaluating quality of programmes, responses to interventions and efficiency of resource utilization Review of Policy on Drug and Substance Abuse on Register Basis every three years. 25 Action VC Anti-ADA Unit Dean of Students Management VC Dean of Students University management 6.0 PARTNERSHIPS AND SUSTAINABILITY The Anti-ADA Unit shall endeavour to establish and facilitate the development of trusting relationships and partnerships with:(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) Physicians, payers, patients and co-workers, including a close working relationship with medical department that includes them in program and policy decisions. Promote partnership with Alcohol and Substance Abuse Service providers across Institutions, development partners and stakeholders. National Campaign against Drug Abuse Authority (NACADA) United Nations Office of Drug and Crime (UNODC) County Governments, National government departments such as the Kenya Bureau of Standards and the Liquor Licensing Board, Donor Agencies for research, awareness and campaign activities. Any other organisations and individuals who have stake in Alcohol and Substance Abuse issues/concerns. To achieve sustainability:(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) 7.0 This Policy provides for continuous research, monitoring and evaluation for effective and efficient service delivery. This shall generate information necessary for assessing the impact of Alcohol and Substance Abuse services among the University students and employees working in harmony with existing structures. Anti-ADA Unit shall establish an institutionalised rehabilitation and treatment centre that will also operate on commercial basis. This will help in generating income to subsidise the running costs of Anti-ADA Unit. The Anti-ADA Unit will offer public consultancy at all levels of governance as well as to the general public in accordance to standards. Anti-ADA Unit will continue training personnel on addiction counselling and shall create enabling environment for supervision of those practicing to monitor performance. The Anti-ADA Unit shall strife to mainstream Alcohol and Substance Abuse curricula within the University academic programmes. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK (M&E) The M&E framework for this policy has three objectives: (a) To ensure effective operations and accountability to all stakeholders. (b) To provide a strategic guidance for the Management towards improving the Alcohol and Substance Abuse mainstreaming strategy. (c) To provide information for future planning of programmes related to Alcohol and Substance Abuse. 26 27 ______________________________________ ______________________________ Dr. Eng. Sebastian M. Mwarania, PhD. CHAIRMAN, KISII UNIVERSITY COUNCIL Date 28 SELECTED REFERENCES 1. ILO (1996), Management of alcohol and drug-related issues in the workplace. An ILO code of practice, Geneva, International Office. 2. Kisii University Strategic Plan 2007-2019 3. Kisii University Annual Work plan 2013/2014 4. Ministry of Agriculture (2009), Effects of Drug and Substance Abuse on Food Security & Nutrition. Ministry of Agriculture, Kenya 5. NACADA (2009), Guidelines for development of ADA Workplace Policies, Nairobi. 6. Occupational Safety Health Act, 2007 7. Republic of Kenya (2012) Factories and other Places of Work Act cap 514 8. Republic of Kenya (2012) Public Service commission Act cap.185, 1985 Revised 9. Republic of Kenya (2012), The employment Act cap 226 10. Universities Act NO. 42 of 2012, Charter for Kisii University 29 APPENDIX I: KISII UNIVERSITY ANTI-ADA UNIT CONSENT FORM INFORMED CONSENT FOR ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT I ________________________________ID No. ____________understand that, as a staff/student of Kisii University I am eligible to receive a range of defined services offered at the University’s Anti-ADA Unit. The type and extent of services I will receive, will be determined by a qualified professional following an initial assessment and thorough discussion with me. The goal of the assessment process is to determine the best course of treatment. Typically, treatment is provided over the course of several weeks. Confidentiality I understand that all information shared with the therapist at KSU Anti-ADA Unit is confidential and no information will be released without my consent. In all other circumstances, consent to release information is given through written authorization. Verbal consent for limited release of information may be necessary in special circumstances. I further understand that there are specific and limited exceptions to this confidentiality which include the following: a. when there is risk of imminent danger to myself or to another person, the therapist is ethically bound to take necessary steps to prevent such danger; b. when there is suspicion that a child or elder is being sexually or physically abused or is at risk of such abuse, the therapist is legally required to take steps to protect the child or elder, and to inform the proper authorities and c. when a valid court order is issued for medical records, the therapist and the agency are bound by law to comply with such requests. I understand that while psychotherapy may provide significant benefits, it may also pose risks. Psychotherapy may elicit uncomfortable thoughts and feelings, or may lead to the recall of troubling memories. If I have any questions regarding this consent form or about the services offered at KSU Anti-ADA Unit, I may discuss them with my therapist. I have read and understood the above information. I consent to participate in the evaluation and treatment offered to me by the University’s Anti-ADA Unit. ____________________________________ __________________________ Signature Date 30
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