Ch 13 Reproduction in humans
Practical 13.1 Examination of the mammalian
reproductive systems
Questions (p. 13-3)
A
1
Male reproductive system
Structure
Name
Function
Secrete seminal fluid which

activates and nourishes the sperm

provides a medium for the sperm to swim

neutralizes the acidity in the female
reproductive tract
A
Seminal vesicle
B
Prostate gland
C
Cowper’s gland
D
Penis
E
Urethra
Discharges semen and urine out of the body at
different times
F
Testis
Produces sperm and male sex hormones
G
Epididymis
Stores sperm temporarily
H
Vas deferens
Transports sperm from the epididymis to the urethra
during ejaculation
I
Scrotum
Holds the testes
Ejects semen to the female’s vagina during sexual
intercourse
2
Sperm tubules.
3
Erectile tissues.
4
The temperature inside I is about 3°C lower than the core of the body. This
provides the optimal temperature for sperm development.
5
FGHE
B
1
Female reproductive system
Structure
Name
J
Ovary
K
Oviduct
Function
Produces ova and female sex hormones
Transports the ovum to the uterus

L
Uterus

Provides protection and a stable internal environment
for the development of the embryo and foetus
The wall contracts to push out the foetus during
labour

Holds the penis during sexual intercourse
Provides an acidic environment to reduce bacterial
growth

Acts as the birth canal for the foetus during labour

M
Vagina
2
Cilia. They sweep the ovum along the oviduct to the uterus.
3
JKLM
Practical 13.2 Examination of the mammalian sperm and
ova
Results (p. 13-7)
1
Sperm
Ovum
Smaller
Much larger
Shape
Tadpole-like
Spherical
Movement
Active / Yes
Inactive / No
Size
2
Sperm
Ova
Questions (p. 13-7)
1
Ova are much larger than sperm because ova contain a larger amount of
cytoplasm with food reserves for the early development of the embryo.
2
After the sperm have been ejaculated into the vagina, the sperm are able to swim
through the cervix, up the uterus and enter the oviducts towards the ovum for
fertilization.
3
Each sperm has a tail for swimming.
4
The ovum is carried along the oviduct by the beating action of cilia and the
contraction of muscular wall of the oviduct.
Practical 13.3 Examination of different stages of foetal
development
Results (p. 13-10)
Number of weeks
Appearance of the embryo / foetus
8
Small, with its head on the right and body on the left
16
Bigger in size, with a clear distinction between the head and
the abdomen
24
Getting even bigger, spine visible
Questions (p. 13-11)
1
Nervous system.
2
At week 10.
3
The hands of the foetus in Photo A are normal.
The hands of the foetus in Photo B are mitten.